46 alreadyall ready
①already表示时间副词意已句中谓语动词常完成时already置句中句尾偶尔放句首
They have already arrived
已
The postman has already been here
邮递员已
It＇s ten o＇clock already
已10点钟
Already the moon is rising月亮已升起
② all ready两词形容词短语意完全准备副词all修饰形容词ready
The letters are all ready for post
信件已准备邮寄
Are you all ready
准备？
We are all ready to go on the trip
已完全准备旅行
47 already stillyet特殊法
①already疑问句中放句尾表示惊讶怀疑
Has he arrived already
已？(真没想)
Have you finished supper alreadyIt＇s only half past five
已吃晚饭？五点半呢
② still意然表示某事正进行中正程中进行时般现时常肯定句时疑问句否定句
里谈e ar sil oling in the rom房间
She is still very young
然年轻
Is he waiting still
等？
较
He is still sitting
然坐着
(still表示然)
He is sitting still
坐着动
(still表示动)
③ not···yet表示没常完成时时般现时
He hasn＇t done his homework yet
没做完家庭作业
She isn＇t home yet
没家
提示
yetalthough引导步状语句中表示
yet作连词引导句表示然
Although he tried his best yet he didn＇t win thegame
然努力没赢场赛
She wanted to come (and) yet she was ill
想病(果and yetyet副词)
较
Have you heard the news yet(般询问)
Have you heard the news already(表示惊讶)
Is she here yet
没(Has she arrived)
Is she still here
里？(Hasn＇t she left)
48 alternativealternate
① alternative表示两者择
They are alternative ways of expressing the sameidea
表达意思方法
2alternate表示交轮流（happeningby turns)间隔候补供代
Last week was a week of alternate rain andsunshine
星期时晴时雨
Tom went to work on alternate days
汤姆隔天班
提示
alternativealternate作名词
49 althoughthough
1althoughthough引导步状语句although较正式althoughthough引导句放句首句尾位句首时常逗号句隔开位句尾时逗号
AlthoughThough they are poorthey are kind
穷善良
AlthoughThough she is young she has muchknowledge
年轻知识丰富
He is strong although he is very old
然年事已高健壮
② althoughthoughbut句中连说althoughthough便butbut便althoughthough
书然贵值买
The book is dearbut it is worth buying正
Although the book is dearit is worth buying正
Although the book is dearbut it is worth buying
③ though倒装句中although
Rich though she isshe is not happy
然钱幸福
④ though作连词作副词放句尾表示although
He is an old though strong man
年迈强壮
It is hard work I like itthough
件艰苦工作喜欢
AIt＇s a beautiful skirt
件裙子真漂亮
BIt＇s very expensivethough
倒挺贵
⑤ though表示假设情况指事实句虚拟语气although样
He will never do such a thing though he (should) be forced to
迫会做种事
什关系)等although
I＇ll leave even though it rains tomorrow
明天雨动身
What though the way is long
路远什关系呢？
⑦though引导句谓语果系表结构省略句语be动词
This article is very important though (it is)short
篇文章短重
Though liking the car I haven＇t enough money to buy it误
(句含be动词系表结构)
Though fond of the car I haven＇t enough money to buy it
50 altogetherall together
1 altogether词副词意完全(completely)总说(on the whole)
They altogether agree to the proposal
完全意建议
Altogether it is a good book
总说
书
② all together两词副词短语意时道
Please don＇t ask her questions all together
请起问问题
They left all together
起走
提示
altogetherall together均表示总
Therewerealtogetherall together twenty students present at the meeting总20名学生出席会议
51 animal beast cattle creature
①animal动物总称植物(plant)相表示类外动物
Which animal do you like best a dog a cat or ahorse
喜欢种动物狗猫马
Men birds and tigers are all animals
鸟虎动物
②beast四足兽牲畜指时含贬义
Lion is the king of beasts
狮子万兽王
They hated that beast of a boss
恨透狼心狗肺老板
He worked like a beast of burden in those years
年里牛马样干活
③cattle指牛类牲畜集体名词
He has five head of cattle
5头牛
The fields were full of cattle
田野里处牛
④creature生物动物指植物外生物指时常含爱怜轻蔑意
These are delightful little creatures
爱动物
She is a beautiful creature
漂亮女子
You shouldn＇t have shown pity for that creature
该怜悯家伙
52 answer replyrespond
1answer常语指书面口头行动询问请求指责质问等作出回答反应
Who can answer the question
谁回答问题？
You should answer her letter right away
应该马回信
2 reply书面语指考虑较正式答复面接直接引语that引导名词句外般作物动词常to搭配强调问题容详细答复
answer强调回答动作表示般应答时answer：answer the telephone (接电话)answer the door (应声开门)等reply
She did not reply to his letter
没回信
He replied that he might go
回话说
3 respond侧重接方问题求表态行动言语作出反应作物动词时接to
She kindly responded to my question
客气回答问题
The girl responded with a smile
女孩微笑着作答
They responded by going on a strike
罢工作出反应
53 answer foranswer to
1answer for通常表示两种含义
(1)表示……负责担保相be responsible for
We can＇t answer for her actions行负责
I can＇t answer for his experience but I can answer for his honesty
担保验担保诚实
(2)表示……吃苦头受报应相suffer as a result of
You will answer for your carelessness some day
总天会粗心意吃苦头
He will have to answer for his crime
会罪行受惩罚
2answer to通常表示……致……作出响应
His action does not answer to his words
做说样
She answered to her mother＇s call by comingdownstairs
听母亲喊声楼
3 answer to表示……负责时answer for换
You＇ll have to answer to me if any harm comes to this child
果孩子受伤害负责
提示
in answer to+名词惯短语意响应回答句中作状语
She came in answer to the telephone call
接电话
In answer to her shoutspeople ran to help
听呼声跑救
54 anxiouseager
① anxious担心焦急(about)渴(for)
We are anxious about her safety
安全担心
They are anxious for peace
渴
2 eager渴热切指成功热情常forafterabout连
He is eager for success
渴成功
He is eager about going
急切想(句for)
She is eager about her progress
渴进步
提示
①eageranxious均接定式表示急切
He is eager to see his parents
急切想见父母
They are anxious to know the result
急切想知道结果
②eageranxious均接that句表示急切句should型虚拟语气
We are anxious that he (should) avoid themistake
希避免出错
55 be anxious about sthdoingsthbe anxious to do sth
某形容词接介词接定式表示含义
较
① be anxious about sthdoing sth担心忧虑
be anxious to do sth想渴
She is anxious about telling him the news
消息告诉表示担心
She is anxious to tell him the news
急切想消息告诉(be eager to)
② be interested in sthdoing sth……感兴趣
be interested to do sth愿意想
He is interested in the film
部电影感兴趣
He is interested to see the film
想部电影(would like to)
③ be ashamed of sthdoing sth·····感羞
be ashamed to do sth羞愧想……
He is ashamed of speaking to her like that
样说话感羞愧
He is ashamed to tell her how he missed thechance
失次机会羞愧想告诉(doesn＇t want to)
④ be sorry about doing sth
发生事表示歉意
be sorry to do sth现发生事表示遗憾
I am sorry about qiving you so much trouble in the past
带许麻烦抱歉
I am sorry to tell you that you can＇t stay here anylonger
遗憾告诉里
56 applaudcheerclap
1applaud (praise espby striking one＇s handstogether)(鼓掌表示)赞扬赞成欢迎
The audience applauded the singer for fiveminutes观众位歌唱家鼓掌长达5分钟
I applaud your decision
赞成决定
2 cheer (shout in praise approval or support)欢呼(表示赞扬赞支持)
They cheered the victory
胜利欢呼
3 clap (show one＇s approval by striking one＇s hands together quickly and loudly)赞成(力猛烈鼓掌表示意)
The people in the theatre enjoyed the play and clapped loudly
剧场中观众喜爱部戏剧报热烈掌声
57 apply toapply for
①apply to适施加运
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone
安全驾驶规适
②apply for申请
Hundredsof young people applied for theposition
数百名年轻申请职位
She is applying for an entrance visa
正申请入境签证
58 appointname
1 appoint指官方委
The president appointed him (to beas) foreignminister
总统命外交部部长
He was appointed to a high position
委重
He was appointed sales manager
命销售部理
2 name普通语侧重命结果程
They named Mr Smith for the presidency
提名史密斯先生担席
He was named manager
命理
We named him to head the committee
命委员会席
提示
名词作宾语语补足语动词callappointcrown(立······王)electmakedeclare等种法中名词前通常定冠词定冠词
They elected him president
选举总统
William was crowned king
威廉立国王
He was appointed mayor
命市长
时补语限时定冠词表示止
He was appointed an assistant professor
聘副教授(美式英语说法等associate professor)
时补语正职独二时定冠词
They make him the chairman every year年选担席
59 appreciableappropriate
① appreciable察觉注意值重视
There was an appreciable drop in temperature
温度明显降
2 appropriate适恰分
Plain simple clothes are appropriate for schoolwear
简朴服装适合学时穿
60 appreciatethank
appreciatethank均表示感谢均物动词appreciate宾语事物thank宾语
We greatly appreciate your help
非常感谢帮助
I would much appreciate it if you could do me thatfavor
帮忙非常感谢
Thank you so much for coming
非常感谢光
较
I thank your kindness to the full(误
I appreciate your kindness to the full
十分感谢意
61 Are you…
Are you询问猜测意……？接名词形容词分词介词短语Are you free now现空？
Are you a middle school student名中学生？
Are you satisfied with it满意？
较
美国？
Are you an American(唐突雅)
Are you from America (宜)
62 area region districtzone1 area般语边界十分分明作面积领域讲指行政理单位
This school covers an area of 300 mu
学校占300亩
My study is 12 square meters in area书房面积12方米
There have been many developments in the area of language teaching语言教学领域已新发展
②region指固定区域理范围较
区域定特点条件区指体区(部)位region表示领域
They are trying hard to build up the borderregions努力建设边区
He had a pain in the region of his heart yesterday昨天感心脏疼痛
He is an authority in the region of chemistry化学领域权威
③district指行政区分较细指城市种区域具体行政区
London＇s West End and East End are entirely different districts of the city伦敦东区西区全然行政区
④zone外部严格界线行政区区Shenzhen is a special zone深圳特区坡 doedoonent teoion 开发区(没严格限制
adevelopment zone开发区(严格限制域)
63 arguedebate
①argue普通语常指坚持见进行推理弄清问题提出证说理进行热烈争说服
Let＇s not argue about this件事争
I argued with her for a long timebut she refused to listen to reason辩长时间拒服理
提示
1argue构成常搭配：
argue aboutover a matter 某事争
argue on a subject 专题进行辩
argue on a question问题进行辩
argue with sbabout sth某事某辩argue against sb about sth某事某辩
argue against each other about sth某事互相争吵
argue sbinto doingsth说服某做某事
argue sbout of doing sth说服某做某事2argue接that句接定式when whatwhether引导句
He argued that she should not go争辩说应该
② debate正式语强调双方陈述理进行全面彻底辩目通争求正确认识达成识
They are debating a question now正辩问题
The committee debated whether an expressway should be built or not委员会否应修建条高速公路进行辩
The subject was hotly debated题目热烈辩
提示
debate构成常搭配：
debate onabout the question 辩某问题debate with sb某辩
debate what to do next辩步做
64 arise appearloomemerge
① arise表示出现侧重觉察觉察方式视觉听觉嗅觉尤心灵感知风雨出现机遇困难变化必性等出现arise
A new problem has arisen出现新问题A difficulty arose right here里出现困难
② loom指仿佛昏暗雾中出现隐约出现时喻意义表示恐怖庞然东西突然出现
After several days＇ voyage a strap of land loomed in the distance连航行天长条陆远处隐约出现
A terrible volcano eruption is looming for theisland场怕火山爆发阴影笼罩着该岛
③emerge表示段隐蔽模糊察状况穿破包围出现第次出现
The moon emerges from the dark cloud月亮乌云中钻出
④appear般词没什特殊含义表示出现见
Venus appeats both in the early morning and atdusk金星清晨黄昏时会出现
65 art skilltechnique
①art普通表示门技巧数名词表示艺术
the art of writing写作技巧
the art of cooking烹饪技术
the art of making friends交友技巧
the art of building 建筑艺术
literature and art文学艺术
② skill表示专门性高超技术技表示熟练娴熟
play the piano with skill 钢琴弹熟练
the skill of a surgeon外科医生技术
3technique表示体育工艺工业等技术技
drawing technique绘画技巧
advanced farming technique 先进农业技术
66 article essaypaperthesis
1 article常指书籍报刊文章
The newspaper has a good article on gardening报篇谈园艺佳作
See the article printed in the Outlook for October
15请参阅10月15号瞭杂志刊登篇文章
2essay表示文品文笔指学校作作业写短文短述文
I have to write an essay entitledMy Friend写篇题朋友文章
③ paper表示文常指学术刊物发表学术会议宣读专题文指学生学期文
paper水thesis高篇幅较短
He is preparing a paper on world population for the meeting正会议准备篇关世界口文
Her term paper was well received by the class学期文受班级评
④thesis种综述性文某专业综合性述通量阅读专业书籍杂志写成介50～350页
He wrote the doctor＇s thesis within two years两年里写篇博士文
67 artificialimitativefalsesynthetic
①artificial特指艺术观点技模仿天然物质仿造品artificial表示做作
artificial diamonds造钻石
I hate her artificial looks on the face讨厌做作面部表情
②imitative强调仿制品具原物相特性③false特指代物弥补缺失时指伪装物品
④ synthetic指化学方法合成材料
⑤manmade强调工作
false teeth假牙
a false bottom(箱子等)夹层
synthetic rubber 造橡胶
工湖artificial lakemanmadelake
造革artificialmanmade
synthetic leather
68 as法难点
① as作介词
(1)表示作充
As a young man you should work hard作年
轻应该努力工作
This room is used as a reading room间屋子作阅览室
(2)表示名词代词
Her mother still treats her as a baby母亲然孩子样
We should unite as one man应该团结
②as作连词
(1)引导时间状语句表示…···时候强调两动作时发生者动作紧动作发生
As I was leaving the teacher saw me离开时老师
As they talked they listened to the music边谈话边听音乐
(2)引导原状语句表示相because
I don＇t go downtown very often as I am busy with my lessons常进城功课忙As it rained hard that day they put off themeeting天雨取消次会议
(3)引导方式状语句表示He speaks English just as Englishmen do说英语英国说英语样
She studies as others do样学
She＇s a writer as her mother used to be母亲前样位作家
(4)as··asas··as possible等结构中引导较状语as…as表示……样not soas···as表示
I＇ll finish the work as soon as I can早完成项工作
Please come as early as possible请量早(Please come as early as you can)
David plays football as well as Frank卫足球踢弗兰克样
She seems as busy as she used to be前样忙
It is not so simple as it sounds听样简单
(5)引导步状语句表示然倒装结构
名词
形容词+as+语+谓语
副词
动词+as+语
Child as he ishe knows a lot of things然孩子知道许事情(注意种倒装结构中名词前冠词说A child as he isThechild as he is)
Clever as he is he can＇t do it聪明做事
Much as she admired himshe didn＇t love him钦佩爱
较
Hard as he triedhe didn＇t succeed然非常努力没成功(步状语句)
As he tried hardhe succeeded非常努力成功(原状语句)
③as作关系代词表示······样正……样常as is known(众周知)asis known to all (众周知)the same as (……样)as follows()结构中
He wears the same shoes as his father does穿鞋父亲穿样
As is known to all China has made greatprogress众周知中国已取巨进步
This dictionary is not such as I expect期词典(as引导句修饰such)
As he said we could not finish the work on time正说时完成工作
The machine as had been expected has gonewrong正预料样台机器出毛病
较
Three days ago I lost the same watch as youhave三天前丢块样手表(手表款式相块表)
Three days ago I lost the same watch that youhave三天前丢现块手表(块手表)
提示
such as作例解时前面说事
物作进步举例说明列项目全部列出
Some big cities in China such as Nanjing Xi＇an and Hangzhou are famous for theit scenicspots中国城市南京西安杭州风景名胜著称
He has been to a lot of countries such asJapan England and France许国家日英国法国
69 as early asas much…astwice as…as
as···as仅仅表示等较种法
①as+副词原级+as表示······种结构强调副词指做某事两者较
He ran as fast as he could快跑I＇ll return as early as possible早返回
I want to see her as soon as possible早见
2as many+复数名词+asas much+数名词+as表示·········…样种结构强调名词
You need to read as many books as possible需读书
Please lend me as much money as you can请钱
I have as many books as you have书书样
I haven＇t got as much money as I need没需钱
The manager has had as many people as he needs理已请够需
3as+many(名词） +asas+much(名词)+as结构中manymuch名词指某事表示某物······样某物
较
Please take as many as you can请带(many作名词)
Please take as many books as you can请带书(many作形容词)
He drank as much as he could兴喝(much 作名词)
He drank as much wine as he could兴喝酒(much作形容词)
He didn＇t get as much as he expected没期(much作名词)
He didn＇t get as much money as he expected没期钱
④ as···as结构前加数词表示倍数数量twice six times half a quarterthreefourths等
This mountain is twice as high as that one座山座山高倍
He has five times as many books as I书
书四倍
The road is not half as long as expected条路没预料半长
This hospital has got twothirds as many doctors as it needs医院现医生数需三分二
⑤ as··as前面almostnearly exactly just nothing like 等修饰
She is nearly as tall as her mother母亲样高
This book is exactly as thick as that one书书刚样厚
Your handwriting is every bit as good as his书法样
He is nothing like as modest as he used to be前样谦逊
60as+形容词副词+as+形容词副词表示……
The boy is as honest as clever男孩聪明诚实
The water in the lake is as clean as clear湖水清澈干净
He paints as beautifully as quickly画快
7 as·as构成惯语
as well as
as long as
as soon as……
as tame as a chicken 非常听话
as good as one＇s word诺千金
as sure as death 千真万确
as hungry as a wolf 饥肠辘辘
as large as life栩栩生
as stubborn as a mule 固执见
as like as two pears模样
as thin as a lath骨瘦柴
as drunk as a sow烂醉泥
70 as far asas long as
1as far as两种含义：1表示……言②表示·……点
As far as I know he is very honest知诚实
They strolled as far as the beach散步海边
This is the only thing we can do as far as I see知唯做事
As far as I can understand it is quite out of hispower理解真超出力As far as I can remember they are all honest and hardworking men记忆里诚实勤劳
2 as long as两种含义：①表示时说成so long as2表示长达……久
You can succeed as long as you try your best竭全力会成功
He felt free and happy as long as he was athome回家感快乐
As long as you can keep away from them you aresafe远离安全
He stayed in the middle school as long as fouryears中学里四年久
71 as follows
as follows惯语意常作表语作方式状语作表语时语单数复数均as follows
His speech is as follows演讲容The rules are as follows规章制度
The letter reads as follows信容
72 as ifas though
①as ifas though法完全相表示仿佛as if更普遍as ifasthough引导状语句三种时态：
表示→动词般现时
表示现事实相反→动词般式
表示事实相反→动词完成式
It looks as if it is going to rain雨
My teacher loves me as though I were his ownchild老师爱孩子样
He looks as if nothing had happened起什事没发生
2as ifas though接定式表示发生情况
She opened her lips as if (she was going) tospeak张开嘴话说
He raised his hand as if to take off his hat举起手取帽子
③as ifas though接名词形容词（短语)介词短语分词
He acts as if a fool做事傻子
The mountain appears as if covered with whitesnow座山白雪覆盖样
She glanced about as if in search of something扫视四周寻找什东西
He paused as if expecting Mary to speak停期玛丽说话
When she finished she waited as if for a reply说完等着等着答复
④ as ifas though放句首表示感叹语气含惊讶满赞成厌恶等
As ifI cared哩
As if he were someone important什重物似
As if anyone would believe his words会相信话似
73 as many asas much as
1两短语常作形容词短语指数目意达达整整as many as修饰数复数名词as much as修饰数名词
She has worked at this book as many as five years书已整整写5年
This box can hold as many as fifty pencils盒子装达50支铅笔
The war lasted as much as 8 years场战争持续8年
He can earn as much as 100 dollars a day天挣100美元
The strong man can carry as much as 250 jin壮汉扛250斤
2两短语表示……样表示等较
He has as many English books as you英语书英语书样
I have spent as much money as he花钱花钱样
提示
1as many asas much as表示…·样参见文
Take as many as you want少少
(many指数名词)
Take as much as you want少少
(much指数名词)
2as much as表示··…·…程度较：
I like you as much as him喜欢喜欢
样(喜欢)
I like you as much as he喜欢喜欢样(喜欢)
74 as well
as well副词短语作状语
1 as well表示常放句尾相tooIt is a great loss for you as well损失
They do military training as well进行军训
2 and…as well意……as well位句尾
She is a painter and a poet as well画家诗
3 as well表示妨常mayjust连放动词前
You may as well try again妨试次④as well表示行常放may beIt may be as well to paint it red漆成红色
75 as well asas good as
1 as well as表示等样(equallywith no less than)
He has understanding as well as you理解力样
2as well as相both·and not only…butalso表示…………外()as wellasnot only··but also换时注意侧重点as well as侧重前项not only·but also侧重项果as well as换not only···butalso应两连词短语连接名词互换位置
It is a political as well as an economic question仅济问题更政治问题
She did a little research as well as made a lot ofexperiments仅做试验做研究工作
She plays the piano as well as sings仅会唱歌会弹钢琴
She not only sings but also plays the piano
She has experience as well as knowledge
She has not only knowledge but also experience学识验
It is broad as well as long
It is not only long but also broad长宽She is clever as well as beautiful
She is not only beautiful but also clever仅漂亮聪明
③as well as···not前否定not as well as否定前者肯定者
较
John as well as Mary has not yet read thebook约翰玛丽样没读书John has not yet read the book as well as Mary约翰没读书玛丽已读
较
He as well as youwill not go(两者均否定)
He will not go as well as you(否定前者肯定者)
You helped her as well as I帮助帮助
You helped her as well as me帮助帮助
考查
He was there as well as me读 (请改正)
She loves you as well as Henry(歧义请分析)
④ as well as代better than意······……
As well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb窃钩
窃国
Better be hanged for a sheep than for a lamb⑤ as well as作复合介词表示··……外·…·相besides接名词动名词
Ihave a few English dictionaries as well as this外英语词典
As well as teaching she did some social work教书外做社会工作
6 as well as连接两定式时第定式带to第二定式带to
We cannot expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children指孩子做家务
⑦ as well as连接两介词短语
It is important for you as well as for me件事仅重重
8 as good as意1等样(amounting tonot falling short of)②实际实(actually in fact virtually)
He is as good as his promiseword言出必行
He as good as promised her that he would take heralong实际等答应带
Everything was as good as settled切准备工作已做
She as good as said so事实说
76 ashamed shamefulshameless
1ashamed意感羞耻觉惭愧语表示语观认耻较含义：
be ashamed of doing sth
be ashamed of oneself for doing sth
做某事感羞愧
be ashamed to do sth
做某事感耻
觉耻愿做某事
I＇m ashamed of him
感耻
Now don＇t you be ashamed of being poor
贫穷感羞耻
I＇m ashamed of myself for having stayed so long
久真意思
I＇m quite ashamed to have to trouble you
扰感非常惭愧
I＇m ashamed to leave you this way
样离开感惭愧
He is now ashamed from his conduct误
He is now ashamed of his conduct
正现行感羞耻
2shameful表示耻丢脸作表语定语表示事物身耻指事物指
It is a shameful act
种耻行
We thought his behaviour was shameful
认行耻
3shameless表示厚颜耻耻作定语表语指物
a shameless person
耻徒
shameless disloyalty
耻背叛
77ask questioninquireinterrogate
①ask般词表示问询问期方予回答代questioninquire
If you don＇t know the wayask a policeman
果认路问警察
She asked me what time it was
问点钟
② question表示提问询问常指教学探索问题程中次提出问题
question表示审问盘问质疑
He guestioned his students on some problems inmaths
学生问数学问题
The police guestioned him about what he haddone
警察询问干什
③ inquire较正式语指深入听某事询问某事实际情况
He inquired into the case
调查案件
She inquired what time the train would leave
询问火车时开出
④ interrogate表示讯问审问正式系统性强
The judge interrogated the criminal
法官审问罪犯
提示
inquire after意ask about表示问起问
She inquired after your mother
问起母亲
78 aspectrespect
①aspect表示方面时指事物问题某方面部分
We should consider a problem in all its aspects
应该全面考虑问题
提示
aspect表示样子外表
：take on a new aspect面貌新
2respect表示方面时指某特定方面问题着眼点
The two poems are similar in some respects
两首诗某方面相似
In many respects he is more capable than hisbrother
许方面兄弟更干
提示
respect 表示尊敬敬意问候(复数)等意
I have much respect for him
非常尊敬
My father sends you his respects
父亲问
79 assumepresumesuppose
10assume指尚未证实事作事实真理常含较强武断成分
I assume that you have heard the news
谅必已听消息
②presume指根某现象印象验作出推断然较充足理结错
They presumed the death of the missing person
假定失踪者已死亡
③suppose表示定根猜想时仅表述意见暂时认意
I should suppose him to be about sixty
猜想约60岁左右
Let＇s suppose that he is right
假定
80 assureensure
1assure (make sb feel less worried make sbbelieve)······放心相信
She assured me that she would try her best to helpus
放心会全力帮助
They assured us of the soundness of the plan
放心项计划
I am assured of hissuccess (that he willsucceed)
相信会成功
②ensure(makecertainthat something
happens)保证
I can not ensure you a good job
保证份工作
She came early to ensure getting a good seat
早便确保位子
Her ability will ensure success tofor her
力保证成功
81 at+名词on+动名词→assoon aswhen+句子
两种结构转换注意as soon as句子时态
较
At the newsshe burst out laughing
听消息笑起
As soon as she heard the news she burst out laughing
达车站直接进候车室
On arriving at the stationhe went directly into the waiting room
As soon aswhen he arrived at the stationhe went directly into the waiting room
82 at a cost ofat the cost ofatcost
10at a cost of表示··……价格钱币名词连
She bought the car at a cost of 10000 dollars
10000美元买辆车
② at the cost of表示······代价······换常生命血汗劳力等名词连
He gained the wealth at the cost of his honor毁名誉获笔财富
They won the battle at the cost of many lives 牺牲许赢场战斗
③ at cost表示成原价
They sold the computer at cost
原价台计算机卖
83 at a timeat one time
① at a time表示次次
She reviewed three lessons at a time
次复三课
台阶e went up the stis two at c time
次运两
②at one time表示段时间常时连
At one time I worked in a middle school段时间中学工作
Her mother was at one time a nurse
母亲段时间护士
84 at all 表示强调
1at all表示强调时常疑问句否定句条件句表示低程度点
I don＇t like it at all
点喜欢
He doesn＇t want to go anywhere at all
想
If you do it at all do it well
然做做
I can＇t see the distant hill at all
根见远处山
Are you going there at all
底想想里？
② at all表示强调肯定句意竟然居然含赞赏相难度等意
It took him a long time to get the work done at all
花长时间工作做完
It is surprising that he should have solved all of the problems at all
竟然会问题解决真令吃惊
She likes to go anywhere at all
想里里
85 at easewith ease
1 at (one＇s) ease舒适
He was not at ease with her
起感
His smile put me at ease
微笑拘束
2 with ease容易
Our team won the game with ease
队轻松赢赛
That＇s not difficult I can do it with ease
难
费劲做
86 at first first of allfirstly
1at first意起初开始时指事情开始时发展差异转折型列句第分句中
At first he found English very difficult but later he made very great progress
开始觉英语点难取进步
At first I didn＇t like playing volleyball but now Ido
起先喜欢排球现喜欢
② first of all意首先第强调次序时间先
First of all let me introduce her to you
首先介绍
First of all let＇s clear up the mess
首先乱七八糟东西清理
3 firstly意第第点常事物列举时first
FirstlyFirst you should get enough money SecondlySecond you should wait for the rightmoment
第应该挣足够钱第二应该等恰时机
提示
first作副词表示第次首先
When did you first see each other
第次什时候见面？
Wash your hands first before eating anything
吃东西前先洗手
87 at hand at sb＇s handsinhand
1 at hand表示作表语表示身手头附作状语表语
The Spring Festival is at hand
春节
Spring is at hand
春天快
I haven＇t that dictionary at hand
手头没词典
I have no money at hand
身边没带钱
She lives close at hand
住附
2 at sb＇s hands表示·……手中(受折磨)受(某)折磨写作at the hands of sb
I suffered a lot at her hands
受折磨
She did not expect such unkind treatment at hishands
没料会遭受虐
3 in hand表示手着手控制住
As the matter in hand was urgentwe dealt with it at once
手头事紧迫立处理
We have the situation well in hand
控制住局势
The situation is well in hand
局势已控制住
88 at once…and
at once … and意 ……相both···and连接两等成分
His father is at once stern and tender
父亲严肃仁爱亲
He is at once a statesman and a writer
政治家作家
Einstein was at once great and simple
爱斯坦伟
Hearing the news I was at once glad andworried
听消息喜忧
The lady is at once sweet and charming(both sweet and charming)
位女士温柔妩媚
89 at presentat the present timepresently
10at present意目前现副词短语相now中present名词说成at thepresent
At present the house is empty
目前房子空
The road is half finished at present
现路已修完半
2 at the present time表示前现里定冠词thepresent形容词
At the present time she is busy writing a grammar book
眼正忙着写语法书
They are collecting money for the bridge at the present time
目前座桥筹集资金
③presently意马久相soon
He will be back presently
马会回
The plane will take off presently
飞机快起飞
90 at the age ofby the age of
1 at the age of意……岁时表示时间点
He began to study English at the age of three
3岁时开始学英语
She went abroad with her father at the age of ten
10岁时父亲起国外
2 by the age of意……岁前表示截止某时间前果by the age of句中指时间谓语动词完成时
He had read many novels by the age of fifteen
15岁前读许说
By the age of ten she had learned to play theviolin
10岁前学会拉提琴
91 at the baseat the bottomat the footat the feet
① at the base意底部基础
There is a waterproof layer at the base of the building
楼房底部防水层
We camped at the base of the mountain山麓宿营
2 at the bottom意底部面
They found a sunken ship at the bottom of thelake
湖底发现艘沉船
Please consult the notes at the bottom of the page请参书页面注解
③ at the foot意底层基部……端
There is a lake at the south foot of the mountain
山南麓湖
They used to be at the foot of the social ladder社会底层
No one wishes to be at the foot of the class谁希班倒数第
④ at the feet of意脚前足
He fell at the feet of the enemy
屈服敌脚
92 at the beginningin the beginning
1at the beginning指时间开始星期学期年月等开始相at the start
He formulated a plan of study at the beginning of the new term新学期开始制订学计划
The examination will take place at the beginningofJanuary考试月初举行
The two leaders will hold talks at the beginning of next month两位领导月初举行会谈
② in the beginning意起初指件事情开端相at first
You will think it rather difficult in the beginning but you will soon get accustomed开始会觉相困难久会惯
Everything is hard in the beginning
万事开头难
93 at the hands ofin the hand (s) of
1 at the hands of表示·……手受
I received the advice at the hands of my brother弟弟里忠告
He suffered a lot at the hands of the jailers
受监狱守虐
2in the hand(s)of表示持（某）手中(某)掌握中
The documents are in the hands of the president文件全总统手中
The company is now in the hand of an expert家公司现位专家理
94 at the top ofon top of
①at the top of意……顶高表示具体意义抽象意义
There used to be a pagoda at the top of the hill
山顶座宝塔
He ran at the top of his speed
快速度跑
He shouted at the top of voice
高声喊
The mayor sat at the top of the table
市长坐首席
He is at the top of his class
班名列前茅
② on top of意……驾驭处佳状态通晓外()紧接着表示具体意义抽象意义
They laid stones one on top of another
石头块块叠起
He is a man on top of his job
做份工作游刃余
Mr Brown is on top of the situation
布朗先生熟悉情况
The sea and the warm sun made us feel on top of the world海温暖阳光觉高兴舒适
She writes for the newspaper on top of her regularjob日常工作外报社写稿
Gale winds came on top of the floods洪水紧接着遭暴风袭击
95 attendattend to
1 attend物动词意出席参加
Will you attend the meeting tomorrow
明天参加会议？
They will go and attend a lecture
听演讲
提示
说attend church(教堂)
attend school(学)
参加音乐会说go to a concertattend
2 attend to表示注意听处理名词
He attended carefully to what the teacher wassaying
注意听老师讲课
I＇ll attend to that problem tomorrow
明天处理问题
96 attributedistribute
① attribute意·····…认·…·属
They attributed this pottery to the Bronze Age认种陶器青铜时代遗物
2 distribute意分发分配散布
The farmers distributed seed over plowed land农民种子散播犁田里
97 avengerevenge
①avengerevenge均表示报复法相avenge指某受公正迫害采取正义报复行动指予应惩罚revenge仅指报复包括报仇
John＇s father was mercilessly killed by the bandit John therefore vowedtoavengerevenge his father＇s death
约翰父亲匪徒残忍杀害约翰发誓父亲死报仇
I will revenge that insult
定雪耻
2 avenge常结构：
avenge oneself on+sb
某报复
avenge oneself+for+仇敌苦难等
……进行报复……报仇
avenge+one＇s deathmurder
某死杀报
She avenged herself on her father＇s killers
杀父者进行报复
He wanted to avenge himself for his sufferings
受苦进行报仇
He was determined to avenge his father＇s murder
决心父亲遭杀害报仇
3 revenge常结构：
revenge oneselfon+sb某报仇
revenge sth某事报复
revengesb某报仇
She will revenge herself on the enemy
敌报仇(avenge)
He revenged his dead father
死父亲报仇
提示
revenge作名词结构：
take revenge on+sb
某报仇
gethave one＇s revenge
报仇
He took revenge on the boy who had struck him
男孩施报复
He cannot rest until he has his revenge
报仇会甘休
98 awardreward
① award (give after careful considerationespofficially)仔细考虑正式予授予(奖品等)作名词时表示奖品奖金
A medal was awarded to him for his good conduct品行优良授予奖章
He was awarded first prize
获等奖
They awarded scholarship to the best students奖学金授予学生
The book awards are presented annually
图书奖年颁发次
② reward (give as a return for sthdone)做某事予回报酬劳奖赏作名词表示报酬奖励报答
They rewarded her for her help
答谢帮助
Anyone who finds it will be rewarded
找获酬谢
He was given S| 800 as a reward for his bravery表现勇敢800美元赏金
提示
结构award接双宾语：award sbsth(通常奖金奖状)reward接宾语通常行宾语句型rewardsbwith sth
They awarded her the Nobel Prize
授予诺贝尔奖
He rewarded her with money for her heroicdeeds英雄行奖金
Her efforts were rewarded with success in career努力获事业成功
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①already表示时间副词意已句中谓语动词常完成时already置句中句尾偶尔放句首
They have already arrived
已
The postman has already been here
邮递员已
It＇s ten o＇clock already
已10点钟
Already the moon is rising月亮已升起
② all ready两词形容词短语意完全准备副词all修饰形容词ready
The letters are all ready for post
信件已准备邮寄
Are you all ready
准备？
We are all ready to go on the trip
已完全准备旅行
47 already stillyet特殊法
①already疑问句中放句尾表示惊讶怀疑
Has he arrived already
已？(真没想)
Have you finished supper alreadyIt＇s only half past five
已吃晚饭？五点半呢
② still意然表示某事正进行中正程中进行时般现时常肯定句时疑问句否定句
里谈e ar sil oling in the rom房间
She is still very young
然年轻
Is he waiting still
等？
较
He is still sitting
然坐着
(still表示然)
He is sitting still
坐着动
(still表示动)
③ not···yet表示没常完成时时般现时
He hasn＇t done his homework yet
没做完家庭作业
She isn＇t home yet
没家
提示
yetalthough引导步状语句中表示
yet作连词引导句表示然
Although he tried his best yet he didn＇t win thegame
然努力没赢场赛
She wanted to come (and) yet she was ill
想病(果and yetyet副词)
较
Have you heard the news yet(般询问)
Have you heard the news already(表示惊讶)
Is she here yet
没(Has she arrived)
Is she still here
里？(Hasn＇t she left)
48 alternativealternate
① alternative表示两者择
They are alternative ways of expressing the sameidea
表达意思方法
2alternate表示交轮流（happeningby turns)间隔候补供代
Last week was a week of alternate rain andsunshine
星期时晴时雨
Tom went to work on alternate days
汤姆隔天班
提示
alternativealternate作名词
49 althoughthough
1althoughthough引导步状语句although较正式althoughthough引导句放句首句尾位句首时常逗号句隔开位句尾时逗号
AlthoughThough they are poorthey are kind
穷善良
AlthoughThough she is young she has muchknowledge
年轻知识丰富
He is strong although he is very old
然年事已高健壮
② althoughthoughbut句中连说althoughthough便butbut便althoughthough
书然贵值买
The book is dearbut it is worth buying正
Although the book is dearit is worth buying正
Although the book is dearbut it is worth buying
③ though倒装句中although
Rich though she isshe is not happy
然钱幸福
④ though作连词作副词放句尾表示although
He is an old though strong man
年迈强壮
It is hard work I like itthough
件艰苦工作喜欢
AIt＇s a beautiful skirt
件裙子真漂亮
BIt＇s very expensivethough
倒挺贵
⑤ though表示假设情况指事实句虚拟语气although样
He will never do such a thing though he (should) be forced to
迫会做种事
什关系)等although
I＇ll leave even though it rains tomorrow
明天雨动身
What though the way is long
路远什关系呢？
⑦though引导句谓语果系表结构省略句语be动词
This article is very important though (it is)short
篇文章短重
Though liking the car I haven＇t enough money to buy it误
(句含be动词系表结构)
Though fond of the car I haven＇t enough money to buy it
50 altogetherall together
1 altogether词副词意完全(completely)总说(on the whole)
They altogether agree to the proposal
完全意建议
Altogether it is a good book
总说
书
② all together两词副词短语意时道
Please don＇t ask her questions all together
请起问问题
They left all together
起走
提示
altogetherall together均表示总
Therewerealtogetherall together twenty students present at the meeting总20名学生出席会议
51 animal beast cattle creature
①animal动物总称植物(plant)相表示类外动物
Which animal do you like best a dog a cat or ahorse
喜欢种动物狗猫马
Men birds and tigers are all animals
鸟虎动物
②beast四足兽牲畜指时含贬义
Lion is the king of beasts
狮子万兽王
They hated that beast of a boss
恨透狼心狗肺老板
He worked like a beast of burden in those years
年里牛马样干活
③cattle指牛类牲畜集体名词
He has five head of cattle
5头牛
The fields were full of cattle
田野里处牛
④creature生物动物指植物外生物指时常含爱怜轻蔑意
These are delightful little creatures
爱动物
She is a beautiful creature
漂亮女子
You shouldn＇t have shown pity for that creature
该怜悯家伙
52 answer replyrespond
1answer常语指书面口头行动询问请求指责质问等作出回答反应
Who can answer the question
谁回答问题？
You should answer her letter right away
应该马回信
2 reply书面语指考虑较正式答复面接直接引语that引导名词句外般作物动词常to搭配强调问题容详细答复
answer强调回答动作表示般应答时answer：answer the telephone (接电话)answer the door (应声开门)等reply
She did not reply to his letter
没回信
He replied that he might go
回话说
3 respond侧重接方问题求表态行动言语作出反应作物动词时接to
She kindly responded to my question
客气回答问题
The girl responded with a smile
女孩微笑着作答
They responded by going on a strike
罢工作出反应
53 answer foranswer to
1answer for通常表示两种含义
(1)表示……负责担保相be responsible for
We can＇t answer for her actions行负责
I can＇t answer for his experience but I can answer for his honesty
担保验担保诚实
(2)表示……吃苦头受报应相suffer as a result of
You will answer for your carelessness some day
总天会粗心意吃苦头
He will have to answer for his crime
会罪行受惩罚
2answer to通常表示……致……作出响应
His action does not answer to his words
做说样
She answered to her mother＇s call by comingdownstairs
听母亲喊声楼
3 answer to表示……负责时answer for换
You＇ll have to answer to me if any harm comes to this child
果孩子受伤害负责
提示
in answer to+名词惯短语意响应回答句中作状语
She came in answer to the telephone call
接电话
In answer to her shoutspeople ran to help
听呼声跑救
54 anxiouseager
① anxious担心焦急(about)渴(for)
We are anxious about her safety
安全担心
They are anxious for peace
渴
2 eager渴热切指成功热情常forafterabout连
He is eager for success
渴成功
He is eager about going
急切想(句for)
She is eager about her progress
渴进步
提示
①eageranxious均接定式表示急切
He is eager to see his parents
急切想见父母
They are anxious to know the result
急切想知道结果
②eageranxious均接that句表示急切句should型虚拟语气
We are anxious that he (should) avoid themistake
希避免出错
55 be anxious about sthdoingsthbe anxious to do sth
某形容词接介词接定式表示含义
较
① be anxious about sthdoing sth担心忧虑
be anxious to do sth想渴
She is anxious about telling him the news
消息告诉表示担心
She is anxious to tell him the news
急切想消息告诉(be eager to)
② be interested in sthdoing sth……感兴趣
be interested to do sth愿意想
He is interested in the film
部电影感兴趣
He is interested to see the film
想部电影(would like to)
③ be ashamed of sthdoing sth·····感羞
be ashamed to do sth羞愧想……
He is ashamed of speaking to her like that
样说话感羞愧
He is ashamed to tell her how he missed thechance
失次机会羞愧想告诉(doesn＇t want to)
④ be sorry about doing sth
发生事表示歉意
be sorry to do sth现发生事表示遗憾
I am sorry about qiving you so much trouble in the past
带许麻烦抱歉
I am sorry to tell you that you can＇t stay here anylonger
遗憾告诉里
56 applaudcheerclap
1applaud (praise espby striking one＇s handstogether)(鼓掌表示)赞扬赞成欢迎
The audience applauded the singer for fiveminutes观众位歌唱家鼓掌长达5分钟
I applaud your decision
赞成决定
2 cheer (shout in praise approval or support)欢呼(表示赞扬赞支持)
They cheered the victory
胜利欢呼
3 clap (show one＇s approval by striking one＇s hands together quickly and loudly)赞成(力猛烈鼓掌表示意)
The people in the theatre enjoyed the play and clapped loudly
剧场中观众喜爱部戏剧报热烈掌声
57 apply toapply for
①apply to适施加运
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone
安全驾驶规适
②apply for申请
Hundredsof young people applied for theposition
数百名年轻申请职位
She is applying for an entrance visa
正申请入境签证
58 appointname
1 appoint指官方委
The president appointed him (to beas) foreignminister
总统命外交部部长
He was appointed to a high position
委重
He was appointed sales manager
命销售部理
2 name普通语侧重命结果程
They named Mr Smith for the presidency
提名史密斯先生担席
He was named manager
命理
We named him to head the committee
命委员会席
提示
名词作宾语语补足语动词callappointcrown(立······王)electmakedeclare等种法中名词前通常定冠词定冠词
They elected him president
选举总统
William was crowned king
威廉立国王
He was appointed mayor
命市长
时补语限时定冠词表示止
He was appointed an assistant professor
聘副教授(美式英语说法等associate professor)
时补语正职独二时定冠词
They make him the chairman every year年选担席
59 appreciableappropriate
① appreciable察觉注意值重视
There was an appreciable drop in temperature
温度明显降
2 appropriate适恰分
Plain simple clothes are appropriate for schoolwear
简朴服装适合学时穿
60 appreciatethank
appreciatethank均表示感谢均物动词appreciate宾语事物thank宾语
We greatly appreciate your help
非常感谢帮助
I would much appreciate it if you could do me thatfavor
帮忙非常感谢
Thank you so much for coming
非常感谢光
较
I thank your kindness to the full(误
I appreciate your kindness to the full
十分感谢意
61 Are you…
Are you询问猜测意……？接名词形容词分词介词短语Are you free now现空？
Are you a middle school student名中学生？
Are you satisfied with it满意？
较
美国？
Are you an American(唐突雅)
Are you from America (宜)
62 area region districtzone1 area般语边界十分分明作面积领域讲指行政理单位
This school covers an area of 300 mu
学校占300亩
My study is 12 square meters in area书房面积12方米
There have been many developments in the area of language teaching语言教学领域已新发展
②region指固定区域理范围较
区域定特点条件区指体区(部)位region表示领域
They are trying hard to build up the borderregions努力建设边区
He had a pain in the region of his heart yesterday昨天感心脏疼痛
He is an authority in the region of chemistry化学领域权威
③district指行政区分较细指城市种区域具体行政区
London＇s West End and East End are entirely different districts of the city伦敦东区西区全然行政区
④zone外部严格界线行政区区Shenzhen is a special zone深圳特区坡 doedoonent teoion 开发区(没严格限制
adevelopment zone开发区(严格限制域)
63 arguedebate
①argue普通语常指坚持见进行推理弄清问题提出证说理进行热烈争说服
Let＇s not argue about this件事争
I argued with her for a long timebut she refused to listen to reason辩长时间拒服理
提示
1argue构成常搭配：
argue aboutover a matter 某事争
argue on a subject 专题进行辩
argue on a question问题进行辩
argue with sbabout sth某事某辩argue against sb about sth某事某辩
argue against each other about sth某事互相争吵
argue sbinto doingsth说服某做某事
argue sbout of doing sth说服某做某事2argue接that句接定式when whatwhether引导句
He argued that she should not go争辩说应该
② debate正式语强调双方陈述理进行全面彻底辩目通争求正确认识达成识
They are debating a question now正辩问题
The committee debated whether an expressway should be built or not委员会否应修建条高速公路进行辩
The subject was hotly debated题目热烈辩
提示
debate构成常搭配：
debate onabout the question 辩某问题debate with sb某辩
debate what to do next辩步做
64 arise appearloomemerge
① arise表示出现侧重觉察觉察方式视觉听觉嗅觉尤心灵感知风雨出现机遇困难变化必性等出现arise
A new problem has arisen出现新问题A difficulty arose right here里出现困难
② loom指仿佛昏暗雾中出现隐约出现时喻意义表示恐怖庞然东西突然出现
After several days＇ voyage a strap of land loomed in the distance连航行天长条陆远处隐约出现
A terrible volcano eruption is looming for theisland场怕火山爆发阴影笼罩着该岛
③emerge表示段隐蔽模糊察状况穿破包围出现第次出现
The moon emerges from the dark cloud月亮乌云中钻出
④appear般词没什特殊含义表示出现见
Venus appeats both in the early morning and atdusk金星清晨黄昏时会出现
65 art skilltechnique
①art普通表示门技巧数名词表示艺术
the art of writing写作技巧
the art of cooking烹饪技术
the art of making friends交友技巧
the art of building 建筑艺术
literature and art文学艺术
② skill表示专门性高超技术技表示熟练娴熟
play the piano with skill 钢琴弹熟练
the skill of a surgeon外科医生技术
3technique表示体育工艺工业等技术技
drawing technique绘画技巧
advanced farming technique 先进农业技术
66 article essaypaperthesis
1 article常指书籍报刊文章
The newspaper has a good article on gardening报篇谈园艺佳作
See the article printed in the Outlook for October
15请参阅10月15号瞭杂志刊登篇文章
2essay表示文品文笔指学校作作业写短文短述文
I have to write an essay entitledMy Friend写篇题朋友文章
③ paper表示文常指学术刊物发表学术会议宣读专题文指学生学期文
paper水thesis高篇幅较短
He is preparing a paper on world population for the meeting正会议准备篇关世界口文
Her term paper was well received by the class学期文受班级评
④thesis种综述性文某专业综合性述通量阅读专业书籍杂志写成介50～350页
He wrote the doctor＇s thesis within two years两年里写篇博士文
67 artificialimitativefalsesynthetic
①artificial特指艺术观点技模仿天然物质仿造品artificial表示做作
artificial diamonds造钻石
I hate her artificial looks on the face讨厌做作面部表情
②imitative强调仿制品具原物相特性③false特指代物弥补缺失时指伪装物品
④ synthetic指化学方法合成材料
⑤manmade强调工作
false teeth假牙
a false bottom(箱子等)夹层
synthetic rubber 造橡胶
工湖artificial lakemanmadelake
造革artificialmanmade
synthetic leather
68 as法难点
① as作介词
(1)表示作充
As a young man you should work hard作年
轻应该努力工作
This room is used as a reading room间屋子作阅览室
(2)表示名词代词
Her mother still treats her as a baby母亲然孩子样
We should unite as one man应该团结
②as作连词
(1)引导时间状语句表示…···时候强调两动作时发生者动作紧动作发生
As I was leaving the teacher saw me离开时老师
As they talked they listened to the music边谈话边听音乐
(2)引导原状语句表示相because
I don＇t go downtown very often as I am busy with my lessons常进城功课忙As it rained hard that day they put off themeeting天雨取消次会议
(3)引导方式状语句表示He speaks English just as Englishmen do说英语英国说英语样
She studies as others do样学
She＇s a writer as her mother used to be母亲前样位作家
(4)as··asas··as possible等结构中引导较状语as…as表示……样not soas···as表示
I＇ll finish the work as soon as I can早完成项工作
Please come as early as possible请量早(Please come as early as you can)
David plays football as well as Frank卫足球踢弗兰克样
She seems as busy as she used to be前样忙
It is not so simple as it sounds听样简单
(5)引导步状语句表示然倒装结构
名词
形容词+as+语+谓语
副词
动词+as+语
Child as he ishe knows a lot of things然孩子知道许事情(注意种倒装结构中名词前冠词说A child as he isThechild as he is)
Clever as he is he can＇t do it聪明做事
Much as she admired himshe didn＇t love him钦佩爱
较
Hard as he triedhe didn＇t succeed然非常努力没成功(步状语句)
As he tried hardhe succeeded非常努力成功(原状语句)
③as作关系代词表示······样正……样常as is known(众周知)asis known to all (众周知)the same as (……样)as follows()结构中
He wears the same shoes as his father does穿鞋父亲穿样
As is known to all China has made greatprogress众周知中国已取巨进步
This dictionary is not such as I expect期词典(as引导句修饰such)
As he said we could not finish the work on time正说时完成工作
The machine as had been expected has gonewrong正预料样台机器出毛病
较
Three days ago I lost the same watch as youhave三天前丢块样手表(手表款式相块表)
Three days ago I lost the same watch that youhave三天前丢现块手表(块手表)
提示
such as作例解时前面说事
物作进步举例说明列项目全部列出
Some big cities in China such as Nanjing Xi＇an and Hangzhou are famous for theit scenicspots中国城市南京西安杭州风景名胜著称
He has been to a lot of countries such asJapan England and France许国家日英国法国
69 as early asas much…astwice as…as
as···as仅仅表示等较种法
①as+副词原级+as表示······种结构强调副词指做某事两者较
He ran as fast as he could快跑I＇ll return as early as possible早返回
I want to see her as soon as possible早见
2as many+复数名词+asas much+数名词+as表示·········…样种结构强调名词
You need to read as many books as possible需读书
Please lend me as much money as you can请钱
I have as many books as you have书书样
I haven＇t got as much money as I need没需钱
The manager has had as many people as he needs理已请够需
3as+many(名词） +asas+much(名词)+as结构中manymuch名词指某事表示某物······样某物
较
Please take as many as you can请带(many作名词)
Please take as many books as you can请带书(many作形容词)
He drank as much as he could兴喝(much 作名词)
He drank as much wine as he could兴喝酒(much作形容词)
He didn＇t get as much as he expected没期(much作名词)
He didn＇t get as much money as he expected没期钱
④ as···as结构前加数词表示倍数数量twice six times half a quarterthreefourths等
This mountain is twice as high as that one座山座山高倍
He has five times as many books as I书
书四倍
The road is not half as long as expected条路没预料半长
This hospital has got twothirds as many doctors as it needs医院现医生数需三分二
⑤ as··as前面almostnearly exactly just nothing like 等修饰
She is nearly as tall as her mother母亲样高
This book is exactly as thick as that one书书刚样厚
Your handwriting is every bit as good as his书法样
He is nothing like as modest as he used to be前样谦逊
60as+形容词副词+as+形容词副词表示……
The boy is as honest as clever男孩聪明诚实
The water in the lake is as clean as clear湖水清澈干净
He paints as beautifully as quickly画快
7 as·as构成惯语
as well as
as long as
as soon as……
as tame as a chicken 非常听话
as good as one＇s word诺千金
as sure as death 千真万确
as hungry as a wolf 饥肠辘辘
as large as life栩栩生
as stubborn as a mule 固执见
as like as two pears模样
as thin as a lath骨瘦柴
as drunk as a sow烂醉泥
70 as far asas long as
1as far as两种含义：1表示……言②表示·……点
As far as I know he is very honest知诚实
They strolled as far as the beach散步海边
This is the only thing we can do as far as I see知唯做事
As far as I can understand it is quite out of hispower理解真超出力As far as I can remember they are all honest and hardworking men记忆里诚实勤劳
2 as long as两种含义：①表示时说成so long as2表示长达……久
You can succeed as long as you try your best竭全力会成功
He felt free and happy as long as he was athome回家感快乐
As long as you can keep away from them you aresafe远离安全
He stayed in the middle school as long as fouryears中学里四年久
71 as follows
as follows惯语意常作表语作方式状语作表语时语单数复数均as follows
His speech is as follows演讲容The rules are as follows规章制度
The letter reads as follows信容
72 as ifas though
①as ifas though法完全相表示仿佛as if更普遍as ifasthough引导状语句三种时态：
表示→动词般现时
表示现事实相反→动词般式
表示事实相反→动词完成式
It looks as if it is going to rain雨
My teacher loves me as though I were his ownchild老师爱孩子样
He looks as if nothing had happened起什事没发生
2as ifas though接定式表示发生情况
She opened her lips as if (she was going) tospeak张开嘴话说
He raised his hand as if to take off his hat举起手取帽子
③as ifas though接名词形容词（短语)介词短语分词
He acts as if a fool做事傻子
The mountain appears as if covered with whitesnow座山白雪覆盖样
She glanced about as if in search of something扫视四周寻找什东西
He paused as if expecting Mary to speak停期玛丽说话
When she finished she waited as if for a reply说完等着等着答复
④ as ifas though放句首表示感叹语气含惊讶满赞成厌恶等
As ifI cared哩
As if he were someone important什重物似
As if anyone would believe his words会相信话似
73 as many asas much as
1两短语常作形容词短语指数目意达达整整as many as修饰数复数名词as much as修饰数名词
She has worked at this book as many as five years书已整整写5年
This box can hold as many as fifty pencils盒子装达50支铅笔
The war lasted as much as 8 years场战争持续8年
He can earn as much as 100 dollars a day天挣100美元
The strong man can carry as much as 250 jin壮汉扛250斤
2两短语表示……样表示等较
He has as many English books as you英语书英语书样
I have spent as much money as he花钱花钱样
提示
1as many asas much as表示…·样参见文
Take as many as you want少少
(many指数名词)
Take as much as you want少少
(much指数名词)
2as much as表示··…·…程度较：
I like you as much as him喜欢喜欢
样(喜欢)
I like you as much as he喜欢喜欢样(喜欢)
74 as well
as well副词短语作状语
1 as well表示常放句尾相tooIt is a great loss for you as well损失
They do military training as well进行军训
2 and…as well意……as well位句尾
She is a painter and a poet as well画家诗
3 as well表示妨常mayjust连放动词前
You may as well try again妨试次④as well表示行常放may beIt may be as well to paint it red漆成红色
75 as well asas good as
1 as well as表示等样(equallywith no less than)
He has understanding as well as you理解力样
2as well as相both·and not only…butalso表示…………外()as wellasnot only··but also换时注意侧重点as well as侧重前项not only·but also侧重项果as well as换not only···butalso应两连词短语连接名词互换位置
It is a political as well as an economic question仅济问题更政治问题
She did a little research as well as made a lot ofexperiments仅做试验做研究工作
She plays the piano as well as sings仅会唱歌会弹钢琴
She not only sings but also plays the piano
She has experience as well as knowledge
She has not only knowledge but also experience学识验
It is broad as well as long
It is not only long but also broad长宽She is clever as well as beautiful
She is not only beautiful but also clever仅漂亮聪明
③as well as···not前否定not as well as否定前者肯定者
较
John as well as Mary has not yet read thebook约翰玛丽样没读书John has not yet read the book as well as Mary约翰没读书玛丽已读
较
He as well as youwill not go(两者均否定)
He will not go as well as you(否定前者肯定者)
You helped her as well as I帮助帮助
You helped her as well as me帮助帮助
考查
He was there as well as me读 (请改正)
She loves you as well as Henry(歧义请分析)
④ as well as代better than意······……
As well be hanged for a sheep as for a lamb窃钩
窃国
Better be hanged for a sheep than for a lamb⑤ as well as作复合介词表示··……外·…·相besides接名词动名词
Ihave a few English dictionaries as well as this外英语词典
As well as teaching she did some social work教书外做社会工作
6 as well as连接两定式时第定式带to第二定式带to
We cannot expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children指孩子做家务
⑦ as well as连接两介词短语
It is important for you as well as for me件事仅重重
8 as good as意1等样(amounting tonot falling short of)②实际实(actually in fact virtually)
He is as good as his promiseword言出必行
He as good as promised her that he would take heralong实际等答应带
Everything was as good as settled切准备工作已做
She as good as said so事实说
76 ashamed shamefulshameless
1ashamed意感羞耻觉惭愧语表示语观认耻较含义：
be ashamed of doing sth
be ashamed of oneself for doing sth
做某事感羞愧
be ashamed to do sth
做某事感耻
觉耻愿做某事
I＇m ashamed of him
感耻
Now don＇t you be ashamed of being poor
贫穷感羞耻
I＇m ashamed of myself for having stayed so long
久真意思
I＇m quite ashamed to have to trouble you
扰感非常惭愧
I＇m ashamed to leave you this way
样离开感惭愧
He is now ashamed from his conduct误
He is now ashamed of his conduct
正现行感羞耻
2shameful表示耻丢脸作表语定语表示事物身耻指事物指
It is a shameful act
种耻行
We thought his behaviour was shameful
认行耻
3shameless表示厚颜耻耻作定语表语指物
a shameless person
耻徒
shameless disloyalty
耻背叛
77ask questioninquireinterrogate
①ask般词表示问询问期方予回答代questioninquire
If you don＇t know the wayask a policeman
果认路问警察
She asked me what time it was
问点钟
② question表示提问询问常指教学探索问题程中次提出问题
question表示审问盘问质疑
He guestioned his students on some problems inmaths
学生问数学问题
The police guestioned him about what he haddone
警察询问干什
③ inquire较正式语指深入听某事询问某事实际情况
He inquired into the case
调查案件
She inquired what time the train would leave
询问火车时开出
④ interrogate表示讯问审问正式系统性强
The judge interrogated the criminal
法官审问罪犯
提示
inquire after意ask about表示问起问
She inquired after your mother
问起母亲
78 aspectrespect
①aspect表示方面时指事物问题某方面部分
We should consider a problem in all its aspects
应该全面考虑问题
提示
aspect表示样子外表
：take on a new aspect面貌新
2respect表示方面时指某特定方面问题着眼点
The two poems are similar in some respects
两首诗某方面相似
In many respects he is more capable than hisbrother
许方面兄弟更干
提示
respect 表示尊敬敬意问候(复数)等意
I have much respect for him
非常尊敬
My father sends you his respects
父亲问
79 assumepresumesuppose
10assume指尚未证实事作事实真理常含较强武断成分
I assume that you have heard the news
谅必已听消息
②presume指根某现象印象验作出推断然较充足理结错
They presumed the death of the missing person
假定失踪者已死亡
③suppose表示定根猜想时仅表述意见暂时认意
I should suppose him to be about sixty
猜想约60岁左右
Let＇s suppose that he is right
假定
80 assureensure
1assure (make sb feel less worried make sbbelieve)······放心相信
She assured me that she would try her best to helpus
放心会全力帮助
They assured us of the soundness of the plan
放心项计划
I am assured of hissuccess (that he willsucceed)
相信会成功
②ensure(makecertainthat something
happens)保证
I can not ensure you a good job
保证份工作
She came early to ensure getting a good seat
早便确保位子
Her ability will ensure success tofor her
力保证成功
81 at+名词on+动名词→assoon aswhen+句子
两种结构转换注意as soon as句子时态
较
At the newsshe burst out laughing
听消息笑起
As soon as she heard the news she burst out laughing
达车站直接进候车室
On arriving at the stationhe went directly into the waiting room
As soon aswhen he arrived at the stationhe went directly into the waiting room
82 at a cost ofat the cost ofatcost
10at a cost of表示··……价格钱币名词连
She bought the car at a cost of 10000 dollars
10000美元买辆车
② at the cost of表示······代价······换常生命血汗劳力等名词连
He gained the wealth at the cost of his honor毁名誉获笔财富
They won the battle at the cost of many lives 牺牲许赢场战斗
③ at cost表示成原价
They sold the computer at cost
原价台计算机卖
83 at a timeat one time
① at a time表示次次
She reviewed three lessons at a time
次复三课
台阶e went up the stis two at c time
次运两
②at one time表示段时间常时连
At one time I worked in a middle school段时间中学工作
Her mother was at one time a nurse
母亲段时间护士
84 at all 表示强调
1at all表示强调时常疑问句否定句条件句表示低程度点
I don＇t like it at all
点喜欢
He doesn＇t want to go anywhere at all
想
If you do it at all do it well
然做做
I can＇t see the distant hill at all
根见远处山
Are you going there at all
底想想里？
② at all表示强调肯定句意竟然居然含赞赏相难度等意
It took him a long time to get the work done at all
花长时间工作做完
It is surprising that he should have solved all of the problems at all
竟然会问题解决真令吃惊
She likes to go anywhere at all
想里里
85 at easewith ease
1 at (one＇s) ease舒适
He was not at ease with her
起感
His smile put me at ease
微笑拘束
2 with ease容易
Our team won the game with ease
队轻松赢赛
That＇s not difficult I can do it with ease
难
费劲做
86 at first first of allfirstly
1at first意起初开始时指事情开始时发展差异转折型列句第分句中
At first he found English very difficult but later he made very great progress
开始觉英语点难取进步
At first I didn＇t like playing volleyball but now Ido
起先喜欢排球现喜欢
② first of all意首先第强调次序时间先
First of all let me introduce her to you
首先介绍
First of all let＇s clear up the mess
首先乱七八糟东西清理
3 firstly意第第点常事物列举时first
FirstlyFirst you should get enough money SecondlySecond you should wait for the rightmoment
第应该挣足够钱第二应该等恰时机
提示
first作副词表示第次首先
When did you first see each other
第次什时候见面？
Wash your hands first before eating anything
吃东西前先洗手
87 at hand at sb＇s handsinhand
1 at hand表示作表语表示身手头附作状语表语
The Spring Festival is at hand
春节
Spring is at hand
春天快
I haven＇t that dictionary at hand
手头没词典
I have no money at hand
身边没带钱
She lives close at hand
住附
2 at sb＇s hands表示·……手中(受折磨)受(某)折磨写作at the hands of sb
I suffered a lot at her hands
受折磨
She did not expect such unkind treatment at hishands
没料会遭受虐
3 in hand表示手着手控制住
As the matter in hand was urgentwe dealt with it at once
手头事紧迫立处理
We have the situation well in hand
控制住局势
The situation is well in hand
局势已控制住
88 at once…and
at once … and意 ……相both···and连接两等成分
His father is at once stern and tender
父亲严肃仁爱亲
He is at once a statesman and a writer
政治家作家
Einstein was at once great and simple
爱斯坦伟
Hearing the news I was at once glad andworried
听消息喜忧
The lady is at once sweet and charming(both sweet and charming)
位女士温柔妩媚
89 at presentat the present timepresently
10at present意目前现副词短语相now中present名词说成at thepresent
At present the house is empty
目前房子空
The road is half finished at present
现路已修完半
2 at the present time表示前现里定冠词thepresent形容词
At the present time she is busy writing a grammar book
眼正忙着写语法书
They are collecting money for the bridge at the present time
目前座桥筹集资金
③presently意马久相soon
He will be back presently
马会回
The plane will take off presently
飞机快起飞
90 at the age ofby the age of
1 at the age of意……岁时表示时间点
He began to study English at the age of three
3岁时开始学英语
She went abroad with her father at the age of ten
10岁时父亲起国外
2 by the age of意……岁前表示截止某时间前果by the age of句中指时间谓语动词完成时
He had read many novels by the age of fifteen
15岁前读许说
By the age of ten she had learned to play theviolin
10岁前学会拉提琴
91 at the baseat the bottomat the footat the feet
① at the base意底部基础
There is a waterproof layer at the base of the building
楼房底部防水层
We camped at the base of the mountain山麓宿营
2 at the bottom意底部面
They found a sunken ship at the bottom of thelake
湖底发现艘沉船
Please consult the notes at the bottom of the page请参书页面注解
③ at the foot意底层基部……端
There is a lake at the south foot of the mountain
山南麓湖
They used to be at the foot of the social ladder社会底层
No one wishes to be at the foot of the class谁希班倒数第
④ at the feet of意脚前足
He fell at the feet of the enemy
屈服敌脚
92 at the beginningin the beginning
1at the beginning指时间开始星期学期年月等开始相at the start
He formulated a plan of study at the beginning of the new term新学期开始制订学计划
The examination will take place at the beginningofJanuary考试月初举行
The two leaders will hold talks at the beginning of next month两位领导月初举行会谈
② in the beginning意起初指件事情开端相at first
You will think it rather difficult in the beginning but you will soon get accustomed开始会觉相困难久会惯
Everything is hard in the beginning
万事开头难
93 at the hands ofin the hand (s) of
1 at the hands of表示·……手受
I received the advice at the hands of my brother弟弟里忠告
He suffered a lot at the hands of the jailers
受监狱守虐
2in the hand(s)of表示持（某）手中(某)掌握中
The documents are in the hands of the president文件全总统手中
The company is now in the hand of an expert家公司现位专家理
94 at the top ofon top of
①at the top of意……顶高表示具体意义抽象意义
There used to be a pagoda at the top of the hill
山顶座宝塔
He ran at the top of his speed
快速度跑
He shouted at the top of voice
高声喊
The mayor sat at the top of the table
市长坐首席
He is at the top of his class
班名列前茅
② on top of意……驾驭处佳状态通晓外()紧接着表示具体意义抽象意义
They laid stones one on top of another
石头块块叠起
He is a man on top of his job
做份工作游刃余
Mr Brown is on top of the situation
布朗先生熟悉情况
The sea and the warm sun made us feel on top of the world海温暖阳光觉高兴舒适
She writes for the newspaper on top of her regularjob日常工作外报社写稿
Gale winds came on top of the floods洪水紧接着遭暴风袭击
95 attendattend to
1 attend物动词意出席参加
Will you attend the meeting tomorrow
明天参加会议？
They will go and attend a lecture
听演讲
提示
说attend church(教堂)
attend school(学)
参加音乐会说go to a concertattend
2 attend to表示注意听处理名词
He attended carefully to what the teacher wassaying
注意听老师讲课
I＇ll attend to that problem tomorrow
明天处理问题
96 attributedistribute
① attribute意·····…认·…·属
They attributed this pottery to the Bronze Age认种陶器青铜时代遗物
2 distribute意分发分配散布
The farmers distributed seed over plowed land农民种子散播犁田里
97 avengerevenge
①avengerevenge均表示报复法相avenge指某受公正迫害采取正义报复行动指予应惩罚revenge仅指报复包括报仇
John＇s father was mercilessly killed by the bandit John therefore vowedtoavengerevenge his father＇s death
约翰父亲匪徒残忍杀害约翰发誓父亲死报仇
I will revenge that insult
定雪耻
2 avenge常结构：
avenge oneself on+sb
某报复
avenge oneself+for+仇敌苦难等
……进行报复……报仇
avenge+one＇s deathmurder
某死杀报
She avenged herself on her father＇s killers
杀父者进行报复
He wanted to avenge himself for his sufferings
受苦进行报仇
He was determined to avenge his father＇s murder
决心父亲遭杀害报仇
3 revenge常结构：
revenge oneselfon+sb某报仇
revenge sth某事报复
revengesb某报仇
She will revenge herself on the enemy
敌报仇(avenge)
He revenged his dead father
死父亲报仇
提示
revenge作名词结构：
take revenge on+sb
某报仇
gethave one＇s revenge
报仇
He took revenge on the boy who had struck him
男孩施报复
He cannot rest until he has his revenge
报仇会甘休
98 awardreward
① award (give after careful considerationespofficially)仔细考虑正式予授予(奖品等)作名词时表示奖品奖金
A medal was awarded to him for his good conduct品行优良授予奖章
He was awarded first prize
获等奖
They awarded scholarship to the best students奖学金授予学生
The book awards are presented annually
图书奖年颁发次
② reward (give as a return for sthdone)做某事予回报酬劳奖赏作名词表示报酬奖励报答
They rewarded her for her help
答谢帮助
Anyone who finds it will be rewarded
找获酬谢
He was given S| 800 as a reward for his bravery表现勇敢800美元赏金
提示
结构award接双宾语：award sbsth(通常奖金奖状)reward接宾语通常行宾语句型rewardsbwith sth
They awarded her the Nobel Prize
授予诺贝尔奖
He rewarded her with money for her heroicdeeds英雄行奖金
Her efforts were rewarded with success in career努力获事业成功
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