介词种媒介词表示句子中某词短语外词短语间关系词
表……时时间介词
法
示例
in
表示较长时间世纪代时代年季节月般(非特指)早中晚等
in the 20th century
in the 1950s in 1989
in summer in January
in the morning in one’s thirties
on
表示具体某天某天早中晚进行详细描述
on May 1st on Monday
on New Year’s Day
on a cold night
on Sunday afternoon
at
表示某具体时刻钟点时表示某节假日段时间作某时刻at
at 320 at Christmas
at the beginning of at night
at noon at this moment
二常见时间介词辨析
1 inafter
法
示例
in
in +时间段 表示段时间时
My mother will come back in three
days
after
after+时间点 表示某时刻
时
She will appear after five o’clock this afternoon
2 sincefor
法
示例
since
表示某动作情况持续说话时刻接表
句子者时间点通常完成时连
1 They have lived here since 1978
2 They have lived here since I was
ten years old
for
表示动作延续贯穿整程接时间段句完成时
I have studied English for two years
3 bytill until
法
示例
by
表示时间指……前……时(止)时注意连时态
I had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term
until\
till
1 until till表示直…… 表示动作持续什时候常表示延续性动词连
2 not…until… 表示直…………常表示瞬间性动词连
1 I will work here until six o’clock
2 The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight
考点剖析:
考点:时间in\ on\ at介词法
二重难点:时间介词辨析法
时间介词中考考查重点时间介词中考题单项选择完形填空等题型考查
注意:during 表示事件发生时(when)意……期间行状态in 表示时间段相during注意选择时候定优先选择during
例:They visited many cities during their stay in China
中国期间游览许城市
巩固练:
例111He often goes to school by bike _________ the morning
A.at
B.in
C.on
D.for
答案B
解析考查时间介词指般(非特指)早中晚时间介词in选B
例112They started off _________ an autumn afternoon
A.at
B.in
C.on
D.during
答案C
解析考查时间介词某天早中晚进行详细描述时间介词on选C
例113适时间介词填空
I often got up _________ 6 o’clock when I worked in the company _________2008
答案at in
解析考查时间介词at表示某具体时刻钟点in+年份填atin
例121Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open_________ five years
A.in
B.for
C.from
D.before
答案A
解析考查常见时间介词in+时间段表示段时间时句意海迪士尼已开始建五年开业知选A
例122My uncle has worked at this factory _________ five years
A.since
B.for
C.after
D.until
答案B
解析考查常见时间介词for+时间段指动作延续贯穿整程句完成时句意叔叔已工厂工作5年知选B
例123He lived with his parents _________ he graduated from college
A.during
B.for
C.by
D.until
答案D
解析考查常见时间介词until表示直…… 表示动作持续什时候常表示延续性动词连句意直毕业父母直住起知选D
堂练
堂练:
练11When were you born
I was born _________ a cold morning in 1996
A.on
B.in
C.at
D.for
答案A
解析考查时间介词on+具体某天午选A
练12A.big earthquake hit Japan_________ the afternoon of March 11th 2011
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.since
答案B
解析考查时间介词on+具体某天午选B
练13The English teacher told me to get there_________ half past ten
A.in
B.at
C.on
D.of
答案B
解析考查时间介词at+具体时间点选B
练14We often go to the Children’s Palace _________ Sunday
A.on
B.at
C.in
D.for
答案A
解析考查时间介词on+星期选A
练15She usually gets to school _________ 730 in the morning
答案at
解析考查介词at+具体时间点填at
练16Can you come here _________ the morning of April 5
答案on
解析考查介词on+具体某天午填on
练17I know my mother’s birthday is __________ June
A.in
B.at
C.of
D.to
答案A
解析考查介词基法年月季节介词in修饰
练18We have been in China_________ three years We like it very much
A.in
B.since
C.for
D.after
答案C
解析考查时间介词for+时间段句现完成时选C
练19When will the second class begin
_________ two minutes
A.Or
B.At
C.In
D.After
答案C
解析考查时间介词in+时间段表时选C
练110I have stayed in that country _________ 1995
A.for
B.since
C.in
D.on
答案B
解析考查时间介词since+时间句现完成时选B
练111She didn’t arrive _________ 6 o’clock
A.until
B.after
C.before
D.for
答案A
解析考查时间介词not……until 直……句意知选A
练112The workers will finish the task _________ two months’ time
答案in
解析考查介词in+时间段表时填in
练113He has lived here _________ 1980
答案since
解析考查介词since+时间句现完成时填since
练114We have worked in this city _________ about 5 years
答案for
解析考查介词for 时间段句现完成时填for
练115Great changes have taken place _________ you left
答案since
解析考查介词since+时间句现完成时填since
练116_________the time the doctor arrived the patient had died
答案By
解析考查介词by指……前……时(止)注意连时态填By
练117There were huge advances in aviation(航空) technology _________World War Two
答案during
解析考查介词during 表示事件发生时(when)意……期间行状态填during
练118I will work_________ he tells me to stop
答案until
解析考查介词until 直……句意会直工作直停填until
方位介词:
表……位置介词
at in
法
示例
at
表示点火车站家办公室等
Yesterday I arrived at school
in
表示点国家城市等
Yesterday I arrived in Beijing
二表……方位介词
1 in on to
法
示例
in
表示范围
Jiangsu lies in the east of China
on
表示毗邻接壤
Russia lies on the north of China
to
表示……范围外强调接壤
Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province
2 above over on ……
法
示例
above
指……方强调否垂直below 相
The bird is flying above my head
over
指垂直方under 相over 物体定空间直接接触
There is a bridge over the river
on
表示某物体面接触
He put his watch on the desk
3 under below ……
法
示例
under
表示……正方强调垂直
There is a cat under the table
below
表示……方定正方
Please write your name below the line
三常见方位介词辨析
1 betweenamong
法
示例
between
指两两事物间
There is a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground
among
指三三事物间
The teacher is standing among the students
2 acrossthrough
法
示例
across
介词表示横物体表面通
She went across the street
cross
动词表示跨越go across
Don’t cross the road
through
介词表示穿物体部穿
He walked through the forest
3 alongover
法
示例
along
表示着街路河岸等线形物
There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the street
over
表示越某障碍物
The bear went over the mountain
4 near by beside
法
示例
near
表示……附far 相
A hospital was built near the railway station
by
beside
by beside 表示……旁边near 距离更
He just sat by beside me in the cinema
5 in front of in the front of
法
示例
in front of
表示……前(范围外)
He is standing in front of the bus
in the front of
表示……前部 (范围)
He is in the front of the classroom
6 in the treeon the tree
法
示例
in the tree
表示者动物等外界东西
树长树
The boy is in the tree
on the tree
表示树叶者果实等长树
Those apples are on the tree
考点:介词然种虚词身单独充句子成分英语中活跃难掌握词类中考介词考点集中介词基法点方位介词中考单选完形里面次出现
二重难点:注意义词词组辨析时注意根语境语法选择:
1 表……位置介词at in
2 表……方位介词:
1) in on to2) above over on ……3) under below ……
3 常见方位介词辨析:
1) betweenamong2) acrossthrough3) alongover
4) near by beside5) in front of in the front of6) in the treeon the tree
介词
表方式手段工具介词
法
示例
with
形工具身体某器官前
名词冠词物代词等修饰
I saw it with my own eyes
He was writing with a pencil
by
1) 表示通……方式
The blind learn something by touching
2) 表示搭……交通工具
I go to school by bikebus
3) 指体者物体某部分
He seized me by the arm
4) 表示……作联系方式
I contact him by letter by email
in
表示……材料颜色语言等
He wrote the words in red ink
Can you speak in English
注:with 常法
1 表示……起
例:Mr and Mrs Smith were there with their three small children
史密斯夫妇三孩子里
2 表示带伴
例:The waiter arrived with a cup of coffee
服务员带着杯咖啡
二表排介词
1 besides 包括面提物意外……表示两部分相似性
例:Twentyfive students went to the cinema besides him
外25学生电影(外25)
We like biology besides English
英语外喜欢生物(生物英语喜欢)
2 except 包括面提物意撇开……谈表示两部分
例:Everyone is excited except me
外激动(激动激动)
All the visitors are Japanese except him
外游客日(日)
注but表示……常nothing连
例:He has nothing but money
钱外什没
3 except for 表示……外指某种基情况进行具体细节方面修正
例:Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes
处语法错误外作文写
三表原介词
for表原表……常sorrythanksfamousreason 等词连
例:Thanks for your help
感谢您帮忙
四表关介词
1 on 侧重述较重涉较深广诸国际形势政治理学术报告专著
等方面问题
例:There will be a lecture on economics this afternoon
天午济学讲座
2 about 侧重叙事事迹事容般书籍文章等较浅显问题
例:He told me a lot about his life in the summer vocation
告诉关暑假生活事情
考点剖析:
考点:注意掌握介词意义法
二重难点:介词词义熟辨该介词具体语境中意义选取恰介词
三补充点:
1 because of 构成短语句子中通常作状语
例:The football match was cancelled because of rain
雨足球赛取消
2 owing to 短语作状语指积极原指消极原
例:Owing to our joint effortsthe task was fulfilled ahead of schedule
努力务提前完成(表积极原)
3 thanks to 亏常书面语表示正面情况间表示反面情况
例:Thanks to your help we finished the task in time
亏帮助时完成务
4 due to ……造成引导短语句中作状语(时句首)
例:Your failure is due to negligence
失败疏忽造成
5 as a result of ……结果
例:As a result of this interview the number was reduced to two
次面试结果数减两名
巩固练:
例311I cut the apple _________ a sharp knife
A.and
B.by
C.in
D.with
答案D
解析考查方式介词with形工具身体某器官前句意刀切苹果知选D
例312I go to school _________ bus every morning
A.in
B.on
C.by
D.at
答案C
解析考查方式介词by+交通工具意……inon 交通工具表车方式中间需加冠词形容词性物代词选C
例313Do you know the man _________ black
Oh he is the famous singer Jay Chou
A.on
B.in
C.with
D.of
答案B
解析考查方式介词in+表颜色名词意穿着……颜色衣服选B
例321The office is open every day _________ Sundays
A.except
B.besides
C.except for
D.for
答案A
解析考查表排介词except for表示……外指某种基情况进行具体细节方面修正besides 包括面提物理解外……表示两部分相似性except 指包括面提物理解撇开……谈表示两部分句意该公司天开门周日知撇开周日谈选A
例322There were a lot of people at the party _________ us
A.except
B.besides
C.except for
D.beside
答案B
解析 考查表排介词beside包括面提物理解外……表示两部分相似性句意外晚会许()知选B
例331I am sorry _________ what I said to you
A.for
B.at
C.with
D.without
答案A
解析考查表原介词介词for表句意说话感抱歉选A
题模四:表关介词
例341The teacher told us a story _________ Lei Feng
A.on
B.about
C.with
D.of
答案B
解析考查表关介词about 表示容较普通正式句中story选B
例342We’re going to listen to a lecture _________ African history this afternoon
A.on
B.about
C.with
D.from
答案A
解析考查表关介词on表示书篇文章演说严肃学术性供专门研究问题阅读句中lecture演讲选A
课作业:
作业1Bill Gates was born _________ October 28 1995
A.on
B.in
C.at
D.of
答案A
解析考查时间介词on+具体某天午选A
作业2I usually get up _________ 700_________ the morning
A.in at
B.at in
C.at on
D.in in
答案B
解析考查时间介词at +时间点in+般早中晚in the morning选B
作业3I sometimes help my mom with the housework _____Saturdays
A.at
B.in
C.on
D.to
答案C
解析介词逢周天介词on
作业4We usually have the first class ____ 800 in the morning
A. of
B. in
C. on
D. at
答案D
解析考查时间介词at+具体时间点选D
作业5Both my parents were born ________ 1970
A.at
B.in
C.on
D.to
答案B
解析介词年份前介词in
作业6I hear our teacher will be back_________ three weeks’ time
A.at
B.after
C.for
D.in
答案D
解析考查时间介词in+时间段表时选D
作业7He has kept the book_________ 2 weeks
A.for
B.since
C.until
D.after
答案A
解析考查时间介词for+时间段句现完成时选A
作业8They have lived in that house _________ two years ago
A.for
B.in
C.since
D.at
答案C
解析考查时间介词since+时间句现完成时选C
作业9 I watched the World Cup in a bar and I_________ home_________ 100 in the morning
A. go until
B. didn’t go until
C. went until
D. have gone until
答案B
解析考查时间介词not……until 直……句意酒吧世界杯直早100回家知选B
作业10根汉语提示正确方位介词完成句子
1 He is sitting _________ the chair(板凳)
答案on
解析考查方位介词on表示接触面面填on
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