直接引语间接引语 (Direct and Indirect Speech)
简述
直接引语直接引述原话原话引号间接引语引述话引号间接引语数情况构成宾语句直
接引语改间接引语时引述动词现时间接引语中动词时间时态形式变
例：
She says I’ll never forget the moment变成间接引语She says that she’ll never forget the moment
引述动词时间接引语中动词时间时态点称等般作相应变化
1 直接引语间接引语变化般规律
直接引语中
间接引语中
指示代词
this
these
that
those
时间状语
now
today
yesterday
last week
tomorrow
next year
Two days ago
then
that day
the day before
the week before
the next day
the next year
two days before
点状语
here
there
动词时态
般现时
现左进行时
现完成时
般时
完成时
般时
般时
进行时
完成时
完成时
（变）
时
动词变化
canmay
must
come
bring
couldmight
had to
go
take
间接引语中时间点转换参考：
例
I will see you here tomorrow she said She said that she would see me there the next day
常显示
that day
I saw him today she said
She said that she had seen him that day
Yesterday
the day before
I saw him yesterday she said
She said that she had seen him the day before
The day before yesterday
two days before
I met her the day before yesterday he said
He said that he had met her two days before
Tomorrow
the nextfollowing day
I＇ll see you tomorrow he said
He said that he would see me the next day
The day after tomorrow
in two days time two days later
We＇ll come the day after tomorrow they said
They said that they would come in two days time two days later
Next weekmonthyear
the following weekmonthyear
I have an appointment next week she said
She said that she had an appointment the following week
Last weekmonthyear
the previousweekmonthyear
I was on holiday last week he told us
He told us that he had been on holiday the previous week
ago
before
I saw her a week ago he said
He said he had seen her a week before
this (for time)
that
I＇m getting a new car this week she said
She said she was getting a new car that week
thisthat (形容词)
the
Do you like this shirt he asked
He asked if I liked the shirt
here
there
He said I live here
He told me he lived there
变化
通常说 第称代词转第三称单数复数（非讲话者引话）
Imemymine youyouryours himhisherhers
weusourours youyouryours theytheirtheirs
He said I like your new car He told her that he liked her new car
I said I＇m going to my friend＇s house I said that I was going to my friend＇s house
通常说转换成间接引语时直接引语时间基础提前时态
She said I am tired She said that she was tired
变化
般现时
般时
I always drink coffee she said
She said that she always drank coffee
现进行时
进行时
I am reading a book he explained
He explained that he was reading a book
般时
完成时
Bill arrived on Saturday he said
He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday
现完成时
完成时
I have been to Spain he told me
He told me that he had been to Spain
完成时
完成时
I had just turned out the light he explained
He explained that he had just turned out the light
现完成进行时
完成进行时
They complained We have been waiting for hours
They complained that they had been waiting for hours
进行时
完成进行时
We were living in Paris they told me
They told me that they had been living in Paris
般时
时
I will be in Geneva on Monday he said
He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday
进行时
进行时
She said I＇ll be using the car next Friday
She said that she would be using the car next Friday
2 直接引语间接引语变化中三素
素：陈述句间接引语——连接词that口语中省略引述动词said told 等例：
1) He said I’ve left my book in my room→
He told me that he had left his book in his room
2) She said He will be busy→
She said that he would be busy
素二： 疑问句间接引语般疑问句连接词ifwhether引述选择疑问句时whether引述动词asked没间接引语加间接宾语me him等（掉问号）例：
1）She said to Tom Can you help me→ She asked Tom if whether he could help her
She asked Is this book yours or his→She asked me whether that book was mine or his
2) 特殊疑问句原句中疑问词作连接词改陈述语序（S+V+）
例： The teacher asked how did you repair it → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it
素三：祈句间接引语——采动词+宾语+定式结构
told
asked sb (not) to do sth
ordered
warned
注意：引语中呼语改成宾语引语中please 掉动词改 ask
1) The teacher said to the students Don’t waste your time →The teacher told the students not to waste their time
2) The mother said Tom get up early please→The mother asked Tom to get up early
3 直接引语间接引语变化中需注意五变
1． 直接引语果客观真理谚（）语变间接引语时时态变例：
The teacher said The earth goes round the sun→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
My father said Practice makes perfect→My father said practice makes perfect
2 直接引语中引述部分反复出现惯性动作说话时情况然存变间接引语时时态变例：
The boy said to us I usually get up at six every day→The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day
He said We are still students’→He said they are still students
3． 直接引语果明确表示时间状语时态变例：
He said to me I was born in 1978→He told me that he was born in 1978
The engineer said I was at college in 1967→ The engineer said he was at college in 1967
4．直接引语中When sincewhile 引导句变间接引语时改变句时态句时态变例：
He said I have studied English since I was a boy →He said he had studied English since he was a boy
She said I read the book while I was waiting for a bus→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus
Mr Green said to them Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job→Mr Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job
5．果直接引语中引述部分含insist suggest demand等引导虚拟宾语句变间接引语时引语中句时态变例：
He said We insisted that she start immediately→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately
She said He demanded that the girl leave at once→She said he demanded that the girl leave at once
外果说话转述话称变 例：
I said to him I have finished it→I told him I had finished it
果转述 here必变therecome必改go果天转述today yesterday tomorrow等状语变例：
She said to us I’ll come here tomorrow→She told us she would come here tomorrow
果电话转述话前时态变 例：
Daniel：Please tell Amy I have the information she wants→Mrs Zhao（said to Amy）：Daniel says he has the information you want
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简述
直接引语直接引述原话原话引号间接引语引述话引号间接引语数情况构成宾语句直
接引语改间接引语时引述动词现时间接引语中动词时间时态形式变
例：
She says I’ll never forget the moment变成间接引语She says that she’ll never forget the moment
引述动词时间接引语中动词时间时态点称等般作相应变化
1 直接引语间接引语变化般规律
直接引语中
间接引语中
指示代词
this
these
that
those
时间状语
now
today
yesterday
last week
tomorrow
next year
Two days ago
then
that day
the day before
the week before
the next day
the next year
two days before
点状语
here
there
动词时态
般现时
现左进行时
现完成时
般时
完成时
般时
般时
进行时
完成时
完成时
（变）
时
动词变化
canmay
must
come
bring
couldmight
had to
go
take
间接引语中时间点转换参考：
例
I will see you here tomorrow she said She said that she would see me there the next day
常显示
that day
I saw him today she said
She said that she had seen him that day
Yesterday
the day before
I saw him yesterday she said
She said that she had seen him the day before
The day before yesterday
two days before
I met her the day before yesterday he said
He said that he had met her two days before
Tomorrow
the nextfollowing day
I＇ll see you tomorrow he said
He said that he would see me the next day
The day after tomorrow
in two days time two days later
We＇ll come the day after tomorrow they said
They said that they would come in two days time two days later
Next weekmonthyear
the following weekmonthyear
I have an appointment next week she said
She said that she had an appointment the following week
Last weekmonthyear
the previousweekmonthyear
I was on holiday last week he told us
He told us that he had been on holiday the previous week
ago
before
I saw her a week ago he said
He said he had seen her a week before
this (for time)
that
I＇m getting a new car this week she said
She said she was getting a new car that week
thisthat (形容词)
the
Do you like this shirt he asked
He asked if I liked the shirt
here
there
He said I live here
He told me he lived there
变化
通常说 第称代词转第三称单数复数（非讲话者引话）
Imemymine youyouryours himhisherhers
weusourours youyouryours theytheirtheirs
He said I like your new car He told her that he liked her new car
I said I＇m going to my friend＇s house I said that I was going to my friend＇s house
通常说转换成间接引语时直接引语时间基础提前时态
She said I am tired She said that she was tired
变化
般现时
般时
I always drink coffee she said
She said that she always drank coffee
现进行时
进行时
I am reading a book he explained
He explained that he was reading a book
般时
完成时
Bill arrived on Saturday he said
He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday
现完成时
完成时
I have been to Spain he told me
He told me that he had been to Spain
完成时
完成时
I had just turned out the light he explained
He explained that he had just turned out the light
现完成进行时
完成进行时
They complained We have been waiting for hours
They complained that they had been waiting for hours
进行时
完成进行时
We were living in Paris they told me
They told me that they had been living in Paris
般时
时
I will be in Geneva on Monday he said
He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday
进行时
进行时
She said I＇ll be using the car next Friday
She said that she would be using the car next Friday
2 直接引语间接引语变化中三素
素：陈述句间接引语——连接词that口语中省略引述动词said told 等例：
1) He said I’ve left my book in my room→
He told me that he had left his book in his room
2) She said He will be busy→
She said that he would be busy
素二： 疑问句间接引语般疑问句连接词ifwhether引述选择疑问句时whether引述动词asked没间接引语加间接宾语me him等（掉问号）例：
1）She said to Tom Can you help me→ She asked Tom if whether he could help her
She asked Is this book yours or his→She asked me whether that book was mine or his
2) 特殊疑问句原句中疑问词作连接词改陈述语序（S+V+）
例： The teacher asked how did you repair it → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it
素三：祈句间接引语——采动词+宾语+定式结构
told
asked sb (not) to do sth
ordered
warned
注意：引语中呼语改成宾语引语中please 掉动词改 ask
1) The teacher said to the students Don’t waste your time →The teacher told the students not to waste their time
2) The mother said Tom get up early please→The mother asked Tom to get up early
3 直接引语间接引语变化中需注意五变
1． 直接引语果客观真理谚（）语变间接引语时时态变例：
The teacher said The earth goes round the sun→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
My father said Practice makes perfect→My father said practice makes perfect
2 直接引语中引述部分反复出现惯性动作说话时情况然存变间接引语时时态变例：
The boy said to us I usually get up at six every day→The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day
He said We are still students’→He said they are still students
3． 直接引语果明确表示时间状语时态变例：
He said to me I was born in 1978→He told me that he was born in 1978
The engineer said I was at college in 1967→ The engineer said he was at college in 1967
4．直接引语中When sincewhile 引导句变间接引语时改变句时态句时态变例：
He said I have studied English since I was a boy →He said he had studied English since he was a boy
She said I read the book while I was waiting for a bus→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus
Mr Green said to them Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job→Mr Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job
5．果直接引语中引述部分含insist suggest demand等引导虚拟宾语句变间接引语时引语中句时态变例：
He said We insisted that she start immediately→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately
She said He demanded that the girl leave at once→She said he demanded that the girl leave at once
外果说话转述话称变 例：
I said to him I have finished it→I told him I had finished it
果转述 here必变therecome必改go果天转述today yesterday tomorrow等状语变例：
She said to us I’ll come here tomorrow→She told us she would come here tomorrow
果电话转述话前时态变 例：
Daniel：Please tell Amy I have the information she wants→Mrs Zhao（said to Amy）：Daniel says he has the information you want
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
