[2022年秋期版]1378国开电科理英语3期末纸质考试
第三题阅读选择题库
说明：更新2022年7月试题适2023年1月期末纸质考试考试
[短文首字母音序A]
A question that often troubles food companies is how to control problems like rats and insects without harming the foodPest control experts say poisons should never be used where they may enter foodThey say the first line of defense against pests is to clean the places where the food is handled or stored
Floorsfood preparation surfaces and tools can be disinfected with chemicals like chlorineiodine or bromineFood containers should be stored about half a meter off the ground and about half a meter away from any wallsStorage areas should be kept dry and clean
Containers for raw materials such as ricewheatetcshould be kept closed and cleanAny foodstuff split during delivery or handling should be cleared up both inside and outside the buildingPests enter a building from the outsideso pay attention to outer wallsSmall stones can be used to cover the ground and block the growth of plants and the grass should be kept short to deny pests a place to live
Check that doors and windows are completely closedAlso any hole that might allow pests to enter a building should be filledRats can enter through a hole the size of a coinA mouse can pass through a hole half that size
Supervisors should make a list of pest control measures to be taken by employeesThis will aid the efforts and also help prepare for any inspectionsIn most countriesthere is a food and drug administration bureauor some agency with a similar namewhich enforces rules nationwideresponsible for rules about the use of pesticidesetcHoweverbusinesses where food is storedprepared or sold must also follow state and local health lawsMost of these governmental departments or bureaus have their websites with information about food safety policies and other issuesPeople can easily access the information
1According to pest control expertswhy should poisons never be used in food companies
ABecause they may enter food
BBecause they may kill rats
CBecause they may be harmful to the plants
[答案]A
2What is the first line of defense against pests
ATo check that doors and windows are completely closed
BTo clean the places where food is handled or stored
CTo fill any hole that might allow pests to enter a building
[答案]B
3How can floorsfood preparation surfaces and tools be disinfected
AWith smoke
BWith water
CWith chemicals
[答案]C
4Why should attention be paid to outer walls
ATo prevent pests from entering a building from outside
BTo keep moist from entering a building from outside
CTo stop sun rays from entering a building from outside
[答案]A
5What dose the passage mainly talk about
AWhy poisons should never be used where they may enter food
BWhy the growth of plants should be blocked and grass be kept short
CHow to control rats and insects without harming the food
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序D]
Doorknocking is the most effective way of making facetoface community contactbut it has become a lost artWith the recent focus on customer privacydoorknocking seems like an intrusion into other people’s livesBut those who try it for the first time are usually surprised by the pleasant reception they receiveHere are some suggestions that will help you promote your services facetoface
BEFORE YOU GO OUT
◆BEGIN WITH A DOOR HANGER
Try leaving a door hanger two days before you go doorknockingIt should briefly describe the project and say that someone will be around in person
◆WEAR AN OFFICIAL NAME TAG
Doorknockers should wear name tags with the logo of their organizationThe best name tags will also include a color photo and the name of the caller
◆HAVE PEOPLE KNOCK THEIR OWN BLOCKS
The easiest way to do doorknocking is to try your local area firstBeing a neighbor creates an immediate connection with the person answering the doorafter thateverything else is easy
◆FIND A GOOD EXCUSE TO DOORKNOCK
A short survey about local concerns or a current project is a good excuseFigure out responses for various situationsWhat if the person who answers the door cannot speak English What if a child answers the door
WHEN YOU GO OUT
◆WHEN TO GO AND WHAT TO DO FIRST
The best times to knock are usually SaturdaysOn other daysafter dinner is idealWhen someone answers the doorsmile and introduce yourselfsay you are a volunteer andif it helpsstate where you liveGive the name of your organization andbrieflythe reason for the visit
◆STATE WHAT ACTION THE OTHER PERSON SHOULD TAKE AND THE BENEFITS
Tell the person what they need to do and how their actions will benefit themselves and othersIf a person hesitatesemphasize benefits you’ve already mentioned and thenif necessaryadd further benefitsIf a person agreesfollow up immediatelyIf possibleget a donationa signatureor a promise
◆RECORD CONTACT INFORMATION ON THE SPOT
Record namesaddressesemail addressesphone numbersand responses to questions on the spotYou won’t remember them later
1Why does the author say that doorknocking has become a lost art
AIt is not effectiveno one will take this method any more
BPeople focus on privacy increasinglyso doorknocking seems like an intrusion into other people＇s lives
CIt is very difficult to do doorknockingno one knows how to do it now
[答案]B
2Which step should be firstly taken when you try doorknocking
AFind a good excuse to doorknock
BWear an official name tag
CLeave a door hanger
[答案]C
3What does the underlined phrase on the spot mean
Awithout delay
Bat some place
Cin a difficult situation
[答案]A
4Which time is not appropriate for door knocking
ASaturday afternoon
BMonday morning
CThursday evening
[答案]B
5Who will receive pleasant reception when they try doorknocking
AA stranger who is not living in this community and gives no notice for hisher visit
BAn offensive acquaintance who comes at any time
CA neighbor who does good preparation and has significant project to introduce
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序H]
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organizationThese two processes are important in the success and growth of a business
In managing peoplestaffing is the most important component of HRMIt needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placementStaffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidaysabsenceshealth and safetydisciplinary actionand dismissal
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the companyThe training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very importantGood HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organizationIt is important for the staff to know the career pathpaytraining and other opportunities that are available to themPerformance management is another important component of HRMThe reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organizationThis includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organizationThe relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organizationIt decides how fast an organization will realize their goals
The focus of HRM is the people within an organizationRegular planningmonitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRMSuccessful management ensures that all employees know their rolecareer development and also feel part of an organization
1_________isare important in the success of a business
ATeamwork spirit and high salary
BThe process of managing people and their relationships
CTalents and their goals
[答案]B
2The most important component of HRM is_________
Astaffing
Bplanning
Cmonitoring
[答案]A
3According to the passageit is important for the employees to know the career pathpaytraining and other opportunities through_________
Anotices
Bpolicies
Cadvertisements
[答案]B
4We can use_________to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases
Astaffing
BHRM policies
Cperformance management
[答案]C
5_________is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM
ARegular planning and monitoring
BEvaluation
CTraining
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序I]
I’m Michael BushManaging Director of Hoogle EngineeringI am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I’d like to tell you a little about the company and its organizationHoogle Engineering was setup in 1960It was divided into several departments at that timesuch as the sales departmentmarketing departmentand production departmentLots of managers were employed to manage it all
Fortunately things are different nowSixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the businessThe market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwidenot just locally
But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each otherWe had at all structureTraditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floormanufacturing products according to the instructions which they were givenThen you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them everydayThen you moved up to the middle managementwho were doing the tasks of getting new businessand then you had the senior management teamand then you had the boardwho decided the business strategySo there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually
The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a productEach team has members that can manufacture different productsThe actual teams now are selfmanagingso we don’t even have team leadersYou’ve got the teamsand then you＇ve got two peopleonly two peoplewho are what you think of as managementThis is generally called flat structure
26Who is telling the information about Hoogle Engineering
AManaging Director
BVice president
CAccountant
[答案]A
27How many people are employed by Hoogle Engineering
A50
B40
C60
[答案]C
28Why is it necessary to make contact with customers worldwide
ABecause the market is global
BBecause we need it
CBecause communication can make people happy
[答案]A
29Which of the following statements is NOT true
AIn the old days the staff in different departments never spoke to each other
BThere were a lot of levels in the company in the old days
CThe speaker thinks the two structures have the same functions
[答案]C
30What kind of organizational structure was Hoogle Engineering
AA flat structure
BAt all structure
CA flat structure and at all structure
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序I]
I’m Michael BushManaging Director of Hoogle EngineeringI am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I’d like to tell you a little about the company and its organizationHoogle Engineering was set up in 1960It was divided into several departments at that timesuch as the sales departmentmarketing departmentand production departmentLots of managers were employed to manage it all
Fortunately things are different nowSixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the businessThe market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwidenot just locally
But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each otherWe had a tall structureTraditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floormanufacturing products according to the instructions which they were givenThen you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every dayThen you moved up to the middle managementwho were doing the tasks of getting new businessand then you had the senior management teamand then you had the boardwho decided the business strategySo there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually
The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a productEach team has members that can manufacture different productsThe actual teams now are selfmanagingso we don’t even have team leadersYou’ve got the teamsand then you’ve got two peopleonly two peoplewho are what you think of as managementThis is generally called flat structure
21Hoogle Engineering was set up in_________
Athe nineteenth century
Bthe twentieth century
Cthe twenty first century
[答案]B
22There are many different_________of management in a tall structure
Akinds
Blevels
Cfunctions
[答案]B
23People in a flat structure usually work in_________
Adepartments
Bfamilies
Cteams
[答案]C
24All of the following statements are true according to the passage EXCEPT that_________
Acommunication in the company is becoming more and more important
Bthe author thinks the two structures have the same functions
Cthere are more individual responsibilities in the flat structure
[答案]B
25The best title for the passage would be _________
AOrganization Structure in Hoogle Engineering
BHistory of Hoogle Engineering
CSuccess in Hoogle engineering
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序O]
Of all the family membersgrandparents are probably the least valuedThey are just the people who have always been aroundThey make a fuss over the children in the familyshowoff to their friends the achievements of this child or that childand show countless pictures of new babiesGrandfathers can fix anything and grandmothers always have homemade biscuits around
When you are smallit is fun to stay with your grandparents because they always let you do things you can’t do at homeand of coursethey buy you thingsThey are always able to babysit because they don’t go out much and actually prefer to see their grandchildrenThey are usually good for a small loan now and then that does not need to be paid back because they turned it into a giftYou respectfully listen to their advice but do not follow it because they are old and do not understand how things are in this day and ageYou thank them politely for what they do for youand then do not call or visit them until you need something elseAndof courseyou never tell them how dear they are to you because they know how you feel about them anywayThen all of a suddenthey are no longer there to do the things that only grandparents can doand you find yourself wishing that you had told them what they meant to you as people and not as grandparents
21What is the position of grandparents in the family
AThey are the least important members of the family
BThey are the most important members of the family
CThey are the ones at whom their children or grandchildren usually laugh
[答案]A
22What do grandparents never do
ALooking after their grandchildren
BBuying their grandchildren things
CTelling their grandchildren how dear they are to them
[答案]C
23Why don’t children need to payback the loan from their grandparents
AGrandparents turn the loan into a gift
BTheir parents payback the loan for them
CTheir grandparents died before they have enough money to pay it back
[答案]A
24Why don’t children take their grandparents’ advice
ATheir advice is not of any help in the present situation
BThey don’t like the advice itself
CFollowing their advice will make them act like old people
[答案]A
25How do children feel after their grandparents died
AThey feel sorry that grandparents are the least valued in the family
BThey miss them very much because no one does the things that only grandparents do
CThey regret they didn’t express their true feelings to them
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序O]
On Christmas Evethe night before Christmas Daychildren all over Britain put a stocking at the end of their beds before they go to sleepTheir parents usually tell them that Father Christmas will come during the night
Father Christmas is very kind and heartedHe gets to the top of each house and climbs down the chimney into the fireplaceHe fills each of the stockings with Christmas presents
Of courseFather Christmas isn’t realIn Jim and Kate’s houseFather Christmasis really Mr GreenMr Green doesn’t climb down the chimneyHe waits until the children are asleepThen he quietly goes into their bedrooms and fills their stockings with small presentsWhen they were very youngMr Green sometimes wore a red coatBut he doesn’t do that nowThe children are no longer youngand they know who Father Christmas really isBut they still put their stockings at the end of their beds
26Christmas Eve is_________
AChristmas Day
Bthe evening of Christmas Day
Cthe night before Christmas Day
[答案]C
27Father Christmas often puts presents_________
Ainto children’s hats
Bunder children’s beds
Cinto children’s stockings
[答案]C
28When the children were very young_________
Athey knew that Father Christmas wasn’t real
Bthey didn’t know who Father Christmas was
Cthey thought their father was Father Christmas
[答案]B
29When the children are olderthey_________
Aknow that Father Christmas is really their father
Bask their mother to fill their stockings with presents
Cknow that Father Christmas is real
[答案]A
30Father Christmas comes into the house through the_________
Awindow
Bback door
Cchimney
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序Q]
THE HISTORY OF QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control is a series of activities that ensure and improve the quality of products and service
The term ＇quality control＇ came into common use in the 1950s because of WEdward DemingHis ＇Fourteen Points＇ have become the bible for quality control specialistsWhen the postwar world returned to regular manufacturingDeming said that inspecting product quality after they were made was unacceptableInsteadhe proposed a process known as ＇statistical quality control＇It would use closely monitored performance measures to control quality while a product was being madeThe goal of statistical quality control was to gather data that would allow for the constant improvement of manufacturing processesThis would in turn improve quality control
Another important principle of Deming＇s beliefs was that upper management should be responsible for quality failuresHe strongly believed that it was possible for the workers to work hard to produce the highest quality products if they were given the right tools and working environmentIn Deming＇s own words＇the basic cause of sickness in American industry and the resulting unemployment is a failure of top management to manage＇ He believed that strong leadership led to a motivated work force
If strong leadership is the term for managers in a quality environmentthen empowerment is the key concept for workers in Deming＇s systemImproved education and training are key factors in reaching employees and making them believe that their increased participation in the work process is an essential part of improving qualityInvolvementparticipationand teamwork are seen as absolute ＇must haves＇ if a quality workplace is to be created
The Japanese were the first to use Deming＇s Fourteen Pointsand made great successAs an exampleone Japanese factory doubled production in just one year and was expecting to gain an additional 25 percent improvement the following yearwith no increase in the amount of working hoursAll this happened as a result of simply improving qualityIt was in the late 1970s that American manufacturing factories realized that quality control was a significant issueBy that timeJapanese firms such as Honda and Sony were taking over large portions of the American consumer market while it took most American firms until the 1990s to put quality control practices in place
1According to WEdward Demingwhat is the best time to control product quality
ABefore a product is made
BAfter a product is made
CDuring the production process
[答案]C
2When there are quality failureswhere does WEdward Deming think the blame lies
AIn the workforce
BIn the upper management
CIn the tools
[答案]C
3Which of the following will not help to create a quality workplace
AWorking alone
BGroup participation
CTraining programs
[答案]A
4During which period were some Japanese firms winning American consumer markets over American firms
A1990s
B2000s
C1970s
[答案]C
5According to the passagewhich of the following statements about quality control is NOT correct
AQuality control can lead to great success for a company
BQuality control can be done within one department
CQuality control requires constant improvement
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序T]
The 2014 Ebola outbreak is the largest in history and the first Ebola outbreak in Test AfricaAlthough the current epidemic does not cause a significant risk to other nationsmany countriesincluding China and the United States of Americahave actually been working closely with the Ebola hit statesFor examplethe US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is taking precautions at home besides its activities abroad
CDC’ s team of virus hunters is supported by specialized public health teams both in West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquartersTogetherthey offer continuous support to save lives and protect peopleCDC works closely with a number of US government agenciesnational and international partnersCDC’ s experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organization’s growing West Africa Ebola response
On Sept22014CDC DirectorTom Frieden called for more international partners to join this effortThe sooner the world comes together to help West Africathe safer we all will beWe know how to stop this outbreakThere is a window of opportunity to do sothe challenge is to scale up the massive response needed to stop this outbreak
CDC’ s response to Ebola is the largest international outbreak response in CDC’ s history with over 100 disease specialists on the ground in West Africasupported by hundreds of public health emergency response experts statesideactivated at Level 1its highest levelbecause of the significance of this outbreak
The CDC supports affected countries to establish Emergency Operations Centers at national and local levels and helps countries track the epidemic including using realtime data to improve realtime response
Efforts in West Africa to identify those infected and track people who have come into contact with them are improvingThe CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to improve diagnosis and testing samples from people with suspected Ebola from around the world
Local health care systems are strengthened through communicationcoordination with partners and training on infection control for health care workers and safe patient treatment
26How could we describe the 2014 Ebola outbreak
AThe first one in western countries
B1t did not ever threaten West Africa
CNot the first but the largest e
[答案]C
27The 2014 Ebola outbreak response was_________
Aan American stateside activity
Ban international activity
Ca regional activity
[答案]B
28What does the underlined word massive mean in Paragraph 3
AHuge
BQuick
CUrgent
[答案]A
29How many disease specialists from CDC have gone to West Africa for the Ebola response
ALess than 100
BA hundred
C10re than 100
[答案]C
30What action does CDC take to respond to the large Ebola outbreak
AWork closely with governmentalnational and international partners
BCall for more partners to join this effort
CEstablish Emergency Operations Centers
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序T]
THE HISTORY OF QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control is a series of activities that ensure and improve the quality of products and service
The term ＇quality control＇ came into common use in the 1950s because of WEdward DemingHis ＇Fourteen Points＇ have become the bible for quality control specialistsWhen the postwar world returned to regular manufacturingDeming said that inspecting product quality after they were made was unacceptableInsteadhe proposed a process known as ＇statistical quality control＇It would use closely monitored performance measures to control quality while a product was being madeThe goal of statistical quality control was to gather data that would allow for the constant improvement of manufacturing processesThis would in turn improve quality control
Another important principle of Deming＇s beliefs was that upper management should be responsible for quality failuresHe strongly believed that it was possible for the workers to work hard to produce the highest quality products if they were given the right tools and working environmentIn Deming＇s own words＇the basic cause of sickness in American industry and the resulting unemployment is a failure of top management to manage＇ He believed that strong leadership led to a motivated work force
If strong leadership is the term for managers in a quality environmentthen empowerment is the key concept for workers in Deming＇s systemImproved education and training are key factors in reaching employees and making them believe that their increased participation in the work process is an essential part of improving qualityInvolvementparticipationand teamwork are seen as absolute ＇must haves＇ if a quality workplace is to be created
The Japanese were the first to use Deming＇s Fourteen Pointsand made great successAs an exampleone Japanese factory doubled production in just one year and was expecting to gain an additional 25 percent improvement the following yearwith no increase in the amount of working hoursAll this happened as a result of simply improving qualityIt was in the late 1970s that American manufacturing factories realized that quality control was a significant issueBy that timeJapanese firms such as Honda and Sony were taking over large portions of the American consumer market while it took most American firms until the 1990s to put quality control practices in place
1According to WEdward Demingwhat is the best time to control product quality
ABefore a product is made
BAfter a product is made
CDuring the production process
[答案]C
2When there are quality failureswhere does WEdward Deming think the blame lies
AIn the workforce
BIn the upper management
CIn the tools
[答案]C
3Which of the following will not help to create a quality workplace
AWorking alone
BGroup participation
CTraining programs
[答案]A
4During which period were some Japanese firms winning American consumer markets over American firms
A1990s
B2000s
C1970s
[答案]C
5According to the passagewhich of the following statements about quality control is NOT correct
AQuality control can lead to great success for a company
BQuality control can be done within one department
CQuality control requires constant improvement
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序T]
The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN)
With the rapid globalization of food production and tradeinternational issues related to food safety are likely to increaseFood safety authorities all over the world have realized that food safety problems should be carried out at both national and international levelsThere is a pressing need for exchanging routine information on food safety issuesand sharing experiences and information quickly when a food safety related event takes place
INFOSAN is a joint program between the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)This global network includes 181 Member StatesEach has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point which manages communication between national food safety authorities
The network aims to
Promote the rapid exchange of information during food safety related events
Share information on important food safety related issues of global interest
Promote partnership and cooperation between countries
Help countries strengthen their capacity to manage food safety risks
As part of its routine activitiesthe INFOSAN Secretariat publishes reports in six languages and provides members with summaries and guidance on relevant food safety issues
INFOSAN helps exchange food safety information and experience among its membersIt is also a useful resource for other public health organizations which recognize INFOSAN as an organization through which findings of investigations and strategies for improving food safety may be shared
INFOSAN monitors possible international food safety related events in close cooperation with the WHO Alert and Response Operations programINFOSAN can work with other international organizations to provide assistance to the countries or regions with emerging food safety events of possible international concern
1The need for regular exchange of information on food safety issues is__________when a food safety related event emerges
Aunnecessary
Burgent
Cunimportant
[答案]B
2It is__________that international issues related to food safety will increase
Aunlikely
Bimpossible
Cprobable
[答案]C
3The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) carries out the food safety problem __________
Awith WHO
Balone
Csuccessfully
[答案]A
4INFOSAN is responsible for the following EXCEPT__________
Apromoting information exchange
Bhelping countries manage food safety risks
Cpromoting trade between countries
[答案]C
5__________has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point for communication between national food safety authorities
AEvery member state of INFOSAN
BEvery member state of FAO
CEvery member state of WHO
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序T]
The road system in Beijing’s central business district (CBD) is being redesigned to make public transportation easy and improve efficiency
Plans for 45 roads within the CBD have been approvedmeasuring 415 kilometers in totalIn addition to public busesfree or low price shuttle buses from residence areas to subway stations will also be provided for commuters
This is just over four times the number of roads opened in 2007and will add another 155 km to the existing road network
Besides roadsan underground traffic system has also been operatingwhich includes four new subway lines beneath the CBD
The underground connection system is made up of two levelsThe first underground floor is set aside mainly for pedestrians and commercial facilitieswhile the second underground floor is planned for parking
The city has also invested 140 million yuan to set up a traffic inquiry systemthrough which the public can check traffic conditions online and see the most convenient routes on their GPS systemIn the futurethe CBD will be fully covered by an intelligent traffic control system
1The road system in Beijing’s downtown area is being to make public transportation easy and improve efficiency
Abuilt
Bdesigned again
Cconstructed
[答案]B
2An underground system including new subway lines beneath the CBD has been operating
A2
B3
C4
[答案]C
3The underground connection system consists of_________level(s)
Aone
Btwo
Cthree
[答案]B
4CBD stands for_________
ACentral Business District
BConvention on Biological Diversity
CChemistry and Biomedical Engineering
[答案]A
5Beijing has set up_________for people to check traffic conditions
Atraffic lights
Bunderground floor
Ca traffic inquiry system
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序T]
There are three kinds of goals：shorttermmediumrange and longterm goalsShortterm goals are those that usually deal with current activitieswhich we can apply on a daily basisSuch goals can be achieved in a week or lessor two weeksor possibly monthsIt should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundationour longterm goals can not amount to very much without the achievement of solid shortterm goalsUpon completing our shortterm goalswe should date the occasion and then add new shortterm goals that will build on those that have been completed
The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the shortterm goalsThey might deal with just one term of school or the entire school yearor they could even extend for several yearsAnytime you move a step at a timeyou should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmedAs you complete each stepyou will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeedAnd as your list of completion dates growsyour motivation and desire will increaseLongterm goals maybe related to our dreams of the futureThey might cover five years or moreLife is not a static thingWe should never allow alongterm goal to limit us or our course of action
21Shortterm goals are the ones that_________
Amotivate you over the long haul
Bmight be measured for many years
Ckeep you engaged on a daily basis
[答案]C
22The mediumrange goals are built upon_________
Abelief and success
Bthe motivation and desire
Cthe completion of the shortterm goals
[答案]C
23Once we set ourselves longterm goals_________
Awe should stick to them until we complete them
Bwe may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities
Cwe had better wait for the exciting news of success
[答案]B
24What does the wordstaticmean in the last paragraph
Amoving
Bdeveloping
Cnot moving
[答案]C
25Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
AAnytime you move a step at a timeyou may become discouraged
BShortterm goals all help in achieving your longterm goals
CLife is a static thingthus never allowing alongterm goal to limit us
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序T]
To minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydneythe City＇s highway department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or SaturdaysOn minor roads outside the city centerweekdays and Saturdays may be consideredYou must apply for approval to do roadwork and other roadrelated activitiestree cutting and use of very large construction machineryladders etcPlease note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath
Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Department＇s Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date
Roads can be closed partially or fullydepending on your requirementsPartial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where·there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the workAny change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closureFor further information about a partial road closureplease refer to Contacts
If you are organizing a parademarch or other type of streetbased eventapproval is also required and we recommend you choose one of our 4 preferred routesChoosing an existing route reduces the amount of planning you will need to do
21As a ruleSydney’s highway department will agree to road closures in the city centre scheduled for_________
Aweekdays
BSaturdays
CSundays
[答案]C
22If you want a road closed to trafficyou must complete your applications and send them to the re1evant committee at least_________before the scheduled date
Aa week
B30 days
Ctwo months
[答案]B
23Partial of full road closures are decided by_________
Athe requirements from applicants
Bthe traffic flow
Cthe road conditions
[答案]A
24Which is NOT the condition for partial road closures according to the passage
AIn light traffic areas
BOn work days
CThere will be at least 1 lane for traffic during the work
[答案]B
25Which is the best title of this passage
ARoad Closure Procedures in Sydney
BRoad Conditions in Sydney
CRoad Management in Sydney
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序W]
Without good budget managementyou are likely to overspend on marketing accidentallyHere are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget
Step 1Organize financial information
The first step is to be clear of your current financial situationYou need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the futureAlthough income flows change throughout the yearyou must organize the information based on reliable revenuethe minimum amount of money your company makes each month
A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expensesnot the total revenue that comes inWhen you have determined the amount of disposable income available for the companyyou should determine where the money will go
Step 2Determine where you want to spend marketing funds
After you know the total amount available to spend on marketingthe next step is how you plan to spend that moneyThree main factors decide how you spend marketing fundsthe budget amountyour past experiencesand where you can reach the right audience
You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amountBesidesyou need to consider the strategies that have worked in the pastAlsoyou need consider which marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience
Step 3Assess data and make appropriate changes
The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenueUltimatelymarketing is designed to bring in extra revenueIf the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its costthen it is better to change strategy and try something else
Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategyEvaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or services
Howevera good budget alone is not enoughYou have to take action and remain committed to following through your planBy keeping the budget in mind when you make decisionsyou will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing
21The budget plan should be based on the company’s reliable_________
Aexpense
Bincome
Ccost
[答案]B
22The underlineddisposable incomein Paragraph 3 means_________
Atotal income
Bprevious income
Cnet income
[答案]C
23You have to be clear of_________when organizing financial information
Athe income and expenses
Bthe marketing fund
Cthe budget management
[答案]A
24The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are_________
Athe money you have earnedthe actual expenses and the money you will expend
Bthe budget amountyour past experiences and where you can reach the right audience
Cthe assets you havethe product and the income
[答案]B
25Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid_________
Ausing less than you earn
Busing money unnecessarily
Cusing more than you earn
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序W]
The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN)
With the rapid globalization of food production and tradeinternational issues related to food safety are likely to increaseFood safety authorities all over the world have realized that food safety problems should be carried out at both national and international levelsThere is a pressing need for exchanging routine information on food safety issuesand sharing experiences and information quickly when a food safety related event takes place
INFOSAN is a joint program between the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)This global network includes 181 Member StatesEach has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point which manages communication between national food safety authorities
The network aims to
Promote the rapid exchange of information during food safety related events
Share information on important food safety related issues of global interest
Promote partnership and cooperation between countries
Help countries strengthen their capacity to manage food safety risks
As part of its routine activitiesthe INFOSAN Secretariat publishes reports in six languages and provides members with summaries and guidance on relevant food safety issues
INFOSAN helps exchange food safety information and experience among its membersIt is also a useful resource for other public health organizations which recognize INFOSAN as an organization through which findings of investigations and strategies for improving food safety may be shared
INFOSAN monitors possible international food safety related events in close cooperation with the WHO Alert and Response Operations programINFOSAN can work with other international organizations to provide assistance to the countries or regions with emerging food safety events of possible international concern
1The need for regular exchange of information on food safety issues is__________when a food safety related event emerges
Aunnecessary
Burgent
Cunimportant
[答案]B
2It is__________that international issues related to food safety will increase
Aunlikely
Bimpossible
Cprobable
[答案]C
3The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) carries out the food safety problem __________
Awith WHO
Balone
Csuccessfully
[答案]A
4INFOSAN is responsible for the following EXCEPT__________
Apromoting information exchange
Bhelping countries manage food safety risks
Cpromoting trade between countries
[答案]C
5__________has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point for communication between national food safety authorities
AEvery member state of INFOSAN
BEvery member state of FAO
CEvery member state of WHO
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序U]
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friendsThey live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountainSo they can help each otherBut neither of them likes to use his headThey’re both poor though they work hardMost villagers have built new housesbut they still live in the low and broken housesThey never find out why
Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wifeIn the town he heard the apples in a city were expensiveHe told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went backThey decided to carry some apples to the cityThey borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractorBad luck A lot of apples have already been carried there when they arrivedA few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格)They felt unhappy and returned to their village
I can’t understand why we sustained (蒙受)losses in business while others always profit (盈利) Uncle Li asked one day
The tractor was too small Uncle Wang said without thinkingWe’11 carry more apples on a truck next time
I agreesaid Uncle LiHow foolish (傻)we were
26Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because_________
Athey hope to save money
Bthey’re both poor
Ctheir farms are at the foot of the mountain
[答案]B
27The two farmers carried the apples to the city to_________
Amake a Journey
Bmake a profit
Cmeet their friends
[答案]B
28The tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because_________
Atheirs weren’t as good as the others’
Bthey forgot to carry them on a truck
Ca lot of apples had been already carried to the city
[答案]C
29Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because_________
Athey had sustained losses in business
Bthey had lost some money in the city
Csomething was wrong with the tractor
[答案]A
30Which of the following is true
AThe two farmers found out why they were poor
BThe two farmers will soon get rich
CNeither of the farmers is clever
[答案]C
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第三题阅读选择题库
说明：更新2022年7月试题适2023年1月期末纸质考试考试
[短文首字母音序A]
A question that often troubles food companies is how to control problems like rats and insects without harming the foodPest control experts say poisons should never be used where they may enter foodThey say the first line of defense against pests is to clean the places where the food is handled or stored
Floorsfood preparation surfaces and tools can be disinfected with chemicals like chlorineiodine or bromineFood containers should be stored about half a meter off the ground and about half a meter away from any wallsStorage areas should be kept dry and clean
Containers for raw materials such as ricewheatetcshould be kept closed and cleanAny foodstuff split during delivery or handling should be cleared up both inside and outside the buildingPests enter a building from the outsideso pay attention to outer wallsSmall stones can be used to cover the ground and block the growth of plants and the grass should be kept short to deny pests a place to live
Check that doors and windows are completely closedAlso any hole that might allow pests to enter a building should be filledRats can enter through a hole the size of a coinA mouse can pass through a hole half that size
Supervisors should make a list of pest control measures to be taken by employeesThis will aid the efforts and also help prepare for any inspectionsIn most countriesthere is a food and drug administration bureauor some agency with a similar namewhich enforces rules nationwideresponsible for rules about the use of pesticidesetcHoweverbusinesses where food is storedprepared or sold must also follow state and local health lawsMost of these governmental departments or bureaus have their websites with information about food safety policies and other issuesPeople can easily access the information
1According to pest control expertswhy should poisons never be used in food companies
ABecause they may enter food
BBecause they may kill rats
CBecause they may be harmful to the plants
[答案]A
2What is the first line of defense against pests
ATo check that doors and windows are completely closed
BTo clean the places where food is handled or stored
CTo fill any hole that might allow pests to enter a building
[答案]B
3How can floorsfood preparation surfaces and tools be disinfected
AWith smoke
BWith water
CWith chemicals
[答案]C
4Why should attention be paid to outer walls
ATo prevent pests from entering a building from outside
BTo keep moist from entering a building from outside
CTo stop sun rays from entering a building from outside
[答案]A
5What dose the passage mainly talk about
AWhy poisons should never be used where they may enter food
BWhy the growth of plants should be blocked and grass be kept short
CHow to control rats and insects without harming the food
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序D]
Doorknocking is the most effective way of making facetoface community contactbut it has become a lost artWith the recent focus on customer privacydoorknocking seems like an intrusion into other people’s livesBut those who try it for the first time are usually surprised by the pleasant reception they receiveHere are some suggestions that will help you promote your services facetoface
BEFORE YOU GO OUT
◆BEGIN WITH A DOOR HANGER
Try leaving a door hanger two days before you go doorknockingIt should briefly describe the project and say that someone will be around in person
◆WEAR AN OFFICIAL NAME TAG
Doorknockers should wear name tags with the logo of their organizationThe best name tags will also include a color photo and the name of the caller
◆HAVE PEOPLE KNOCK THEIR OWN BLOCKS
The easiest way to do doorknocking is to try your local area firstBeing a neighbor creates an immediate connection with the person answering the doorafter thateverything else is easy
◆FIND A GOOD EXCUSE TO DOORKNOCK
A short survey about local concerns or a current project is a good excuseFigure out responses for various situationsWhat if the person who answers the door cannot speak English What if a child answers the door
WHEN YOU GO OUT
◆WHEN TO GO AND WHAT TO DO FIRST
The best times to knock are usually SaturdaysOn other daysafter dinner is idealWhen someone answers the doorsmile and introduce yourselfsay you are a volunteer andif it helpsstate where you liveGive the name of your organization andbrieflythe reason for the visit
◆STATE WHAT ACTION THE OTHER PERSON SHOULD TAKE AND THE BENEFITS
Tell the person what they need to do and how their actions will benefit themselves and othersIf a person hesitatesemphasize benefits you’ve already mentioned and thenif necessaryadd further benefitsIf a person agreesfollow up immediatelyIf possibleget a donationa signatureor a promise
◆RECORD CONTACT INFORMATION ON THE SPOT
Record namesaddressesemail addressesphone numbersand responses to questions on the spotYou won’t remember them later
1Why does the author say that doorknocking has become a lost art
AIt is not effectiveno one will take this method any more
BPeople focus on privacy increasinglyso doorknocking seems like an intrusion into other people＇s lives
CIt is very difficult to do doorknockingno one knows how to do it now
[答案]B
2Which step should be firstly taken when you try doorknocking
AFind a good excuse to doorknock
BWear an official name tag
CLeave a door hanger
[答案]C
3What does the underlined phrase on the spot mean
Awithout delay
Bat some place
Cin a difficult situation
[答案]A
4Which time is not appropriate for door knocking
ASaturday afternoon
BMonday morning
CThursday evening
[答案]B
5Who will receive pleasant reception when they try doorknocking
AA stranger who is not living in this community and gives no notice for hisher visit
BAn offensive acquaintance who comes at any time
CA neighbor who does good preparation and has significant project to introduce
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序H]
Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organizationThese two processes are important in the success and growth of a business
In managing peoplestaffing is the most important component of HRMIt needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placementStaffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidaysabsenceshealth and safetydisciplinary actionand dismissal
Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the companyThe training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very importantGood HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organizationIt is important for the staff to know the career pathpaytraining and other opportunities that are available to themPerformance management is another important component of HRMThe reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases
The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organizationThis includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organizationThe relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organizationIt decides how fast an organization will realize their goals
The focus of HRM is the people within an organizationRegular planningmonitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRMSuccessful management ensures that all employees know their rolecareer development and also feel part of an organization
1_________isare important in the success of a business
ATeamwork spirit and high salary
BThe process of managing people and their relationships
CTalents and their goals
[答案]B
2The most important component of HRM is_________
Astaffing
Bplanning
Cmonitoring
[答案]A
3According to the passageit is important for the employees to know the career pathpaytraining and other opportunities through_________
Anotices
Bpolicies
Cadvertisements
[答案]B
4We can use_________to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases
Astaffing
BHRM policies
Cperformance management
[答案]C
5_________is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM
ARegular planning and monitoring
BEvaluation
CTraining
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序I]
I’m Michael BushManaging Director of Hoogle EngineeringI am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I’d like to tell you a little about the company and its organizationHoogle Engineering was setup in 1960It was divided into several departments at that timesuch as the sales departmentmarketing departmentand production departmentLots of managers were employed to manage it all
Fortunately things are different nowSixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the businessThe market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwidenot just locally
But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each otherWe had at all structureTraditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floormanufacturing products according to the instructions which they were givenThen you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them everydayThen you moved up to the middle managementwho were doing the tasks of getting new businessand then you had the senior management teamand then you had the boardwho decided the business strategySo there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually
The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a productEach team has members that can manufacture different productsThe actual teams now are selfmanagingso we don’t even have team leadersYou’ve got the teamsand then you＇ve got two peopleonly two peoplewho are what you think of as managementThis is generally called flat structure
26Who is telling the information about Hoogle Engineering
AManaging Director
BVice president
CAccountant
[答案]A
27How many people are employed by Hoogle Engineering
A50
B40
C60
[答案]C
28Why is it necessary to make contact with customers worldwide
ABecause the market is global
BBecause we need it
CBecause communication can make people happy
[答案]A
29Which of the following statements is NOT true
AIn the old days the staff in different departments never spoke to each other
BThere were a lot of levels in the company in the old days
CThe speaker thinks the two structures have the same functions
[答案]C
30What kind of organizational structure was Hoogle Engineering
AA flat structure
BAt all structure
CA flat structure and at all structure
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序I]
I’m Michael BushManaging Director of Hoogle EngineeringI am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I’d like to tell you a little about the company and its organizationHoogle Engineering was set up in 1960It was divided into several departments at that timesuch as the sales departmentmarketing departmentand production departmentLots of managers were employed to manage it all
Fortunately things are different nowSixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the businessThe market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwidenot just locally
But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each otherWe had a tall structureTraditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floormanufacturing products according to the instructions which they were givenThen you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every dayThen you moved up to the middle managementwho were doing the tasks of getting new businessand then you had the senior management teamand then you had the boardwho decided the business strategySo there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually
The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a productEach team has members that can manufacture different productsThe actual teams now are selfmanagingso we don’t even have team leadersYou’ve got the teamsand then you’ve got two peopleonly two peoplewho are what you think of as managementThis is generally called flat structure
21Hoogle Engineering was set up in_________
Athe nineteenth century
Bthe twentieth century
Cthe twenty first century
[答案]B
22There are many different_________of management in a tall structure
Akinds
Blevels
Cfunctions
[答案]B
23People in a flat structure usually work in_________
Adepartments
Bfamilies
Cteams
[答案]C
24All of the following statements are true according to the passage EXCEPT that_________
Acommunication in the company is becoming more and more important
Bthe author thinks the two structures have the same functions
Cthere are more individual responsibilities in the flat structure
[答案]B
25The best title for the passage would be _________
AOrganization Structure in Hoogle Engineering
BHistory of Hoogle Engineering
CSuccess in Hoogle engineering
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序O]
Of all the family membersgrandparents are probably the least valuedThey are just the people who have always been aroundThey make a fuss over the children in the familyshowoff to their friends the achievements of this child or that childand show countless pictures of new babiesGrandfathers can fix anything and grandmothers always have homemade biscuits around
When you are smallit is fun to stay with your grandparents because they always let you do things you can’t do at homeand of coursethey buy you thingsThey are always able to babysit because they don’t go out much and actually prefer to see their grandchildrenThey are usually good for a small loan now and then that does not need to be paid back because they turned it into a giftYou respectfully listen to their advice but do not follow it because they are old and do not understand how things are in this day and ageYou thank them politely for what they do for youand then do not call or visit them until you need something elseAndof courseyou never tell them how dear they are to you because they know how you feel about them anywayThen all of a suddenthey are no longer there to do the things that only grandparents can doand you find yourself wishing that you had told them what they meant to you as people and not as grandparents
21What is the position of grandparents in the family
AThey are the least important members of the family
BThey are the most important members of the family
CThey are the ones at whom their children or grandchildren usually laugh
[答案]A
22What do grandparents never do
ALooking after their grandchildren
BBuying their grandchildren things
CTelling their grandchildren how dear they are to them
[答案]C
23Why don’t children need to payback the loan from their grandparents
AGrandparents turn the loan into a gift
BTheir parents payback the loan for them
CTheir grandparents died before they have enough money to pay it back
[答案]A
24Why don’t children take their grandparents’ advice
ATheir advice is not of any help in the present situation
BThey don’t like the advice itself
CFollowing their advice will make them act like old people
[答案]A
25How do children feel after their grandparents died
AThey feel sorry that grandparents are the least valued in the family
BThey miss them very much because no one does the things that only grandparents do
CThey regret they didn’t express their true feelings to them
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序O]
On Christmas Evethe night before Christmas Daychildren all over Britain put a stocking at the end of their beds before they go to sleepTheir parents usually tell them that Father Christmas will come during the night
Father Christmas is very kind and heartedHe gets to the top of each house and climbs down the chimney into the fireplaceHe fills each of the stockings with Christmas presents
Of courseFather Christmas isn’t realIn Jim and Kate’s houseFather Christmasis really Mr GreenMr Green doesn’t climb down the chimneyHe waits until the children are asleepThen he quietly goes into their bedrooms and fills their stockings with small presentsWhen they were very youngMr Green sometimes wore a red coatBut he doesn’t do that nowThe children are no longer youngand they know who Father Christmas really isBut they still put their stockings at the end of their beds
26Christmas Eve is_________
AChristmas Day
Bthe evening of Christmas Day
Cthe night before Christmas Day
[答案]C
27Father Christmas often puts presents_________
Ainto children’s hats
Bunder children’s beds
Cinto children’s stockings
[答案]C
28When the children were very young_________
Athey knew that Father Christmas wasn’t real
Bthey didn’t know who Father Christmas was
Cthey thought their father was Father Christmas
[答案]B
29When the children are olderthey_________
Aknow that Father Christmas is really their father
Bask their mother to fill their stockings with presents
Cknow that Father Christmas is real
[答案]A
30Father Christmas comes into the house through the_________
Awindow
Bback door
Cchimney
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序Q]
THE HISTORY OF QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control is a series of activities that ensure and improve the quality of products and service
The term ＇quality control＇ came into common use in the 1950s because of WEdward DemingHis ＇Fourteen Points＇ have become the bible for quality control specialistsWhen the postwar world returned to regular manufacturingDeming said that inspecting product quality after they were made was unacceptableInsteadhe proposed a process known as ＇statistical quality control＇It would use closely monitored performance measures to control quality while a product was being madeThe goal of statistical quality control was to gather data that would allow for the constant improvement of manufacturing processesThis would in turn improve quality control
Another important principle of Deming＇s beliefs was that upper management should be responsible for quality failuresHe strongly believed that it was possible for the workers to work hard to produce the highest quality products if they were given the right tools and working environmentIn Deming＇s own words＇the basic cause of sickness in American industry and the resulting unemployment is a failure of top management to manage＇ He believed that strong leadership led to a motivated work force
If strong leadership is the term for managers in a quality environmentthen empowerment is the key concept for workers in Deming＇s systemImproved education and training are key factors in reaching employees and making them believe that their increased participation in the work process is an essential part of improving qualityInvolvementparticipationand teamwork are seen as absolute ＇must haves＇ if a quality workplace is to be created
The Japanese were the first to use Deming＇s Fourteen Pointsand made great successAs an exampleone Japanese factory doubled production in just one year and was expecting to gain an additional 25 percent improvement the following yearwith no increase in the amount of working hoursAll this happened as a result of simply improving qualityIt was in the late 1970s that American manufacturing factories realized that quality control was a significant issueBy that timeJapanese firms such as Honda and Sony were taking over large portions of the American consumer market while it took most American firms until the 1990s to put quality control practices in place
1According to WEdward Demingwhat is the best time to control product quality
ABefore a product is made
BAfter a product is made
CDuring the production process
[答案]C
2When there are quality failureswhere does WEdward Deming think the blame lies
AIn the workforce
BIn the upper management
CIn the tools
[答案]C
3Which of the following will not help to create a quality workplace
AWorking alone
BGroup participation
CTraining programs
[答案]A
4During which period were some Japanese firms winning American consumer markets over American firms
A1990s
B2000s
C1970s
[答案]C
5According to the passagewhich of the following statements about quality control is NOT correct
AQuality control can lead to great success for a company
BQuality control can be done within one department
CQuality control requires constant improvement
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序T]
The 2014 Ebola outbreak is the largest in history and the first Ebola outbreak in Test AfricaAlthough the current epidemic does not cause a significant risk to other nationsmany countriesincluding China and the United States of Americahave actually been working closely with the Ebola hit statesFor examplethe US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is taking precautions at home besides its activities abroad
CDC’ s team of virus hunters is supported by specialized public health teams both in West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquartersTogetherthey offer continuous support to save lives and protect peopleCDC works closely with a number of US government agenciesnational and international partnersCDC’ s experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organization’s growing West Africa Ebola response
On Sept22014CDC DirectorTom Frieden called for more international partners to join this effortThe sooner the world comes together to help West Africathe safer we all will beWe know how to stop this outbreakThere is a window of opportunity to do sothe challenge is to scale up the massive response needed to stop this outbreak
CDC’ s response to Ebola is the largest international outbreak response in CDC’ s history with over 100 disease specialists on the ground in West Africasupported by hundreds of public health emergency response experts statesideactivated at Level 1its highest levelbecause of the significance of this outbreak
The CDC supports affected countries to establish Emergency Operations Centers at national and local levels and helps countries track the epidemic including using realtime data to improve realtime response
Efforts in West Africa to identify those infected and track people who have come into contact with them are improvingThe CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to improve diagnosis and testing samples from people with suspected Ebola from around the world
Local health care systems are strengthened through communicationcoordination with partners and training on infection control for health care workers and safe patient treatment
26How could we describe the 2014 Ebola outbreak
AThe first one in western countries
B1t did not ever threaten West Africa
CNot the first but the largest e
[答案]C
27The 2014 Ebola outbreak response was_________
Aan American stateside activity
Ban international activity
Ca regional activity
[答案]B
28What does the underlined word massive mean in Paragraph 3
AHuge
BQuick
CUrgent
[答案]A
29How many disease specialists from CDC have gone to West Africa for the Ebola response
ALess than 100
BA hundred
C10re than 100
[答案]C
30What action does CDC take to respond to the large Ebola outbreak
AWork closely with governmentalnational and international partners
BCall for more partners to join this effort
CEstablish Emergency Operations Centers
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序T]
THE HISTORY OF QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control is a series of activities that ensure and improve the quality of products and service
The term ＇quality control＇ came into common use in the 1950s because of WEdward DemingHis ＇Fourteen Points＇ have become the bible for quality control specialistsWhen the postwar world returned to regular manufacturingDeming said that inspecting product quality after they were made was unacceptableInsteadhe proposed a process known as ＇statistical quality control＇It would use closely monitored performance measures to control quality while a product was being madeThe goal of statistical quality control was to gather data that would allow for the constant improvement of manufacturing processesThis would in turn improve quality control
Another important principle of Deming＇s beliefs was that upper management should be responsible for quality failuresHe strongly believed that it was possible for the workers to work hard to produce the highest quality products if they were given the right tools and working environmentIn Deming＇s own words＇the basic cause of sickness in American industry and the resulting unemployment is a failure of top management to manage＇ He believed that strong leadership led to a motivated work force
If strong leadership is the term for managers in a quality environmentthen empowerment is the key concept for workers in Deming＇s systemImproved education and training are key factors in reaching employees and making them believe that their increased participation in the work process is an essential part of improving qualityInvolvementparticipationand teamwork are seen as absolute ＇must haves＇ if a quality workplace is to be created
The Japanese were the first to use Deming＇s Fourteen Pointsand made great successAs an exampleone Japanese factory doubled production in just one year and was expecting to gain an additional 25 percent improvement the following yearwith no increase in the amount of working hoursAll this happened as a result of simply improving qualityIt was in the late 1970s that American manufacturing factories realized that quality control was a significant issueBy that timeJapanese firms such as Honda and Sony were taking over large portions of the American consumer market while it took most American firms until the 1990s to put quality control practices in place
1According to WEdward Demingwhat is the best time to control product quality
ABefore a product is made
BAfter a product is made
CDuring the production process
[答案]C
2When there are quality failureswhere does WEdward Deming think the blame lies
AIn the workforce
BIn the upper management
CIn the tools
[答案]C
3Which of the following will not help to create a quality workplace
AWorking alone
BGroup participation
CTraining programs
[答案]A
4During which period were some Japanese firms winning American consumer markets over American firms
A1990s
B2000s
C1970s
[答案]C
5According to the passagewhich of the following statements about quality control is NOT correct
AQuality control can lead to great success for a company
BQuality control can be done within one department
CQuality control requires constant improvement
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序T]
The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN)
With the rapid globalization of food production and tradeinternational issues related to food safety are likely to increaseFood safety authorities all over the world have realized that food safety problems should be carried out at both national and international levelsThere is a pressing need for exchanging routine information on food safety issuesand sharing experiences and information quickly when a food safety related event takes place
INFOSAN is a joint program between the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)This global network includes 181 Member StatesEach has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point which manages communication between national food safety authorities
The network aims to
Promote the rapid exchange of information during food safety related events
Share information on important food safety related issues of global interest
Promote partnership and cooperation between countries
Help countries strengthen their capacity to manage food safety risks
As part of its routine activitiesthe INFOSAN Secretariat publishes reports in six languages and provides members with summaries and guidance on relevant food safety issues
INFOSAN helps exchange food safety information and experience among its membersIt is also a useful resource for other public health organizations which recognize INFOSAN as an organization through which findings of investigations and strategies for improving food safety may be shared
INFOSAN monitors possible international food safety related events in close cooperation with the WHO Alert and Response Operations programINFOSAN can work with other international organizations to provide assistance to the countries or regions with emerging food safety events of possible international concern
1The need for regular exchange of information on food safety issues is__________when a food safety related event emerges
Aunnecessary
Burgent
Cunimportant
[答案]B
2It is__________that international issues related to food safety will increase
Aunlikely
Bimpossible
Cprobable
[答案]C
3The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) carries out the food safety problem __________
Awith WHO
Balone
Csuccessfully
[答案]A
4INFOSAN is responsible for the following EXCEPT__________
Apromoting information exchange
Bhelping countries manage food safety risks
Cpromoting trade between countries
[答案]C
5__________has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point for communication between national food safety authorities
AEvery member state of INFOSAN
BEvery member state of FAO
CEvery member state of WHO
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序T]
The road system in Beijing’s central business district (CBD) is being redesigned to make public transportation easy and improve efficiency
Plans for 45 roads within the CBD have been approvedmeasuring 415 kilometers in totalIn addition to public busesfree or low price shuttle buses from residence areas to subway stations will also be provided for commuters
This is just over four times the number of roads opened in 2007and will add another 155 km to the existing road network
Besides roadsan underground traffic system has also been operatingwhich includes four new subway lines beneath the CBD
The underground connection system is made up of two levelsThe first underground floor is set aside mainly for pedestrians and commercial facilitieswhile the second underground floor is planned for parking
The city has also invested 140 million yuan to set up a traffic inquiry systemthrough which the public can check traffic conditions online and see the most convenient routes on their GPS systemIn the futurethe CBD will be fully covered by an intelligent traffic control system
1The road system in Beijing’s downtown area is being to make public transportation easy and improve efficiency
Abuilt
Bdesigned again
Cconstructed
[答案]B
2An underground system including new subway lines beneath the CBD has been operating
A2
B3
C4
[答案]C
3The underground connection system consists of_________level(s)
Aone
Btwo
Cthree
[答案]B
4CBD stands for_________
ACentral Business District
BConvention on Biological Diversity
CChemistry and Biomedical Engineering
[答案]A
5Beijing has set up_________for people to check traffic conditions
Atraffic lights
Bunderground floor
Ca traffic inquiry system
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序T]
There are three kinds of goals：shorttermmediumrange and longterm goalsShortterm goals are those that usually deal with current activitieswhich we can apply on a daily basisSuch goals can be achieved in a week or lessor two weeksor possibly monthsIt should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundationour longterm goals can not amount to very much without the achievement of solid shortterm goalsUpon completing our shortterm goalswe should date the occasion and then add new shortterm goals that will build on those that have been completed
The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the shortterm goalsThey might deal with just one term of school or the entire school yearor they could even extend for several yearsAnytime you move a step at a timeyou should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmedAs you complete each stepyou will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeedAnd as your list of completion dates growsyour motivation and desire will increaseLongterm goals maybe related to our dreams of the futureThey might cover five years or moreLife is not a static thingWe should never allow alongterm goal to limit us or our course of action
21Shortterm goals are the ones that_________
Amotivate you over the long haul
Bmight be measured for many years
Ckeep you engaged on a daily basis
[答案]C
22The mediumrange goals are built upon_________
Abelief and success
Bthe motivation and desire
Cthe completion of the shortterm goals
[答案]C
23Once we set ourselves longterm goals_________
Awe should stick to them until we complete them
Bwe may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities
Cwe had better wait for the exciting news of success
[答案]B
24What does the wordstaticmean in the last paragraph
Amoving
Bdeveloping
Cnot moving
[答案]C
25Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
AAnytime you move a step at a timeyou may become discouraged
BShortterm goals all help in achieving your longterm goals
CLife is a static thingthus never allowing alongterm goal to limit us
[答案]B
[短文首字母音序T]
To minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydneythe City＇s highway department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or SaturdaysOn minor roads outside the city centerweekdays and Saturdays may be consideredYou must apply for approval to do roadwork and other roadrelated activitiestree cutting and use of very large construction machineryladders etcPlease note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath
Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Department＇s Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date
Roads can be closed partially or fullydepending on your requirementsPartial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where·there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the workAny change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closureFor further information about a partial road closureplease refer to Contacts
If you are organizing a parademarch or other type of streetbased eventapproval is also required and we recommend you choose one of our 4 preferred routesChoosing an existing route reduces the amount of planning you will need to do
21As a ruleSydney’s highway department will agree to road closures in the city centre scheduled for_________
Aweekdays
BSaturdays
CSundays
[答案]C
22If you want a road closed to trafficyou must complete your applications and send them to the re1evant committee at least_________before the scheduled date
Aa week
B30 days
Ctwo months
[答案]B
23Partial of full road closures are decided by_________
Athe requirements from applicants
Bthe traffic flow
Cthe road conditions
[答案]A
24Which is NOT the condition for partial road closures according to the passage
AIn light traffic areas
BOn work days
CThere will be at least 1 lane for traffic during the work
[答案]B
25Which is the best title of this passage
ARoad Closure Procedures in Sydney
BRoad Conditions in Sydney
CRoad Management in Sydney
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序W]
Without good budget managementyou are likely to overspend on marketing accidentallyHere are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget
Step 1Organize financial information
The first step is to be clear of your current financial situationYou need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the futureAlthough income flows change throughout the yearyou must organize the information based on reliable revenuethe minimum amount of money your company makes each month
A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expensesnot the total revenue that comes inWhen you have determined the amount of disposable income available for the companyyou should determine where the money will go
Step 2Determine where you want to spend marketing funds
After you know the total amount available to spend on marketingthe next step is how you plan to spend that moneyThree main factors decide how you spend marketing fundsthe budget amountyour past experiencesand where you can reach the right audience
You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amountBesidesyou need to consider the strategies that have worked in the pastAlsoyou need consider which marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience
Step 3Assess data and make appropriate changes
The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenueUltimatelymarketing is designed to bring in extra revenueIf the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its costthen it is better to change strategy and try something else
Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategyEvaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or services
Howevera good budget alone is not enoughYou have to take action and remain committed to following through your planBy keeping the budget in mind when you make decisionsyou will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing
21The budget plan should be based on the company’s reliable_________
Aexpense
Bincome
Ccost
[答案]B
22The underlineddisposable incomein Paragraph 3 means_________
Atotal income
Bprevious income
Cnet income
[答案]C
23You have to be clear of_________when organizing financial information
Athe income and expenses
Bthe marketing fund
Cthe budget management
[答案]A
24The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are_________
Athe money you have earnedthe actual expenses and the money you will expend
Bthe budget amountyour past experiences and where you can reach the right audience
Cthe assets you havethe product and the income
[答案]B
25Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid_________
Ausing less than you earn
Busing money unnecessarily
Cusing more than you earn
[答案]C
[短文首字母音序W]
The International Food Safety Authorities Network (INFOSAN)
With the rapid globalization of food production and tradeinternational issues related to food safety are likely to increaseFood safety authorities all over the world have realized that food safety problems should be carried out at both national and international levelsThere is a pressing need for exchanging routine information on food safety issuesand sharing experiences and information quickly when a food safety related event takes place
INFOSAN is a joint program between the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)This global network includes 181 Member StatesEach has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point which manages communication between national food safety authorities
The network aims to
Promote the rapid exchange of information during food safety related events
Share information on important food safety related issues of global interest
Promote partnership and cooperation between countries
Help countries strengthen their capacity to manage food safety risks
As part of its routine activitiesthe INFOSAN Secretariat publishes reports in six languages and provides members with summaries and guidance on relevant food safety issues
INFOSAN helps exchange food safety information and experience among its membersIt is also a useful resource for other public health organizations which recognize INFOSAN as an organization through which findings of investigations and strategies for improving food safety may be shared
INFOSAN monitors possible international food safety related events in close cooperation with the WHO Alert and Response Operations programINFOSAN can work with other international organizations to provide assistance to the countries or regions with emerging food safety events of possible international concern
1The need for regular exchange of information on food safety issues is__________when a food safety related event emerges
Aunnecessary
Burgent
Cunimportant
[答案]B
2It is__________that international issues related to food safety will increase
Aunlikely
Bimpossible
Cprobable
[答案]C
3The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) carries out the food safety problem __________
Awith WHO
Balone
Csuccessfully
[答案]A
4INFOSAN is responsible for the following EXCEPT__________
Apromoting information exchange
Bhelping countries manage food safety risks
Cpromoting trade between countries
[答案]C
5__________has a designated INFOSAN Emergency Contact Point for communication between national food safety authorities
AEvery member state of INFOSAN
BEvery member state of FAO
CEvery member state of WHO
[答案]A
[短文首字母音序U]
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friendsThey live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountainSo they can help each otherBut neither of them likes to use his headThey’re both poor though they work hardMost villagers have built new housesbut they still live in the low and broken housesThey never find out why
Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wifeIn the town he heard the apples in a city were expensiveHe told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went backThey decided to carry some apples to the cityThey borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractorBad luck A lot of apples have already been carried there when they arrivedA few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格)They felt unhappy and returned to their village
I can’t understand why we sustained (蒙受)losses in business while others always profit (盈利) Uncle Li asked one day
The tractor was too small Uncle Wang said without thinkingWe’11 carry more apples on a truck next time
I agreesaid Uncle LiHow foolish (傻)we were
26Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because_________
Athey hope to save money
Bthey’re both poor
Ctheir farms are at the foot of the mountain
[答案]B
27The two farmers carried the apples to the city to_________
Amake a Journey
Bmake a profit
Cmeet their friends
[答案]B
28The tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because_________
Atheirs weren’t as good as the others’
Bthey forgot to carry them on a truck
Ca lot of apples had been already carried to the city
[答案]C
29Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because_________
Athey had sustained losses in business
Bthey had lost some money in the city
Csomething was wrong with the tractor
[答案]A
30Which of the following is true
AThe two farmers found out why they were poor
BThe two farmers will soon get rich
CNeither of the farmers is clever
[答案]C
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