机密*启前
学 英 语 六 级 考 试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
—Band Six—
试 题 册
敬 告 考 生
答题前请认真完成容
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二考试程中请注意容
1 题目必须答题卡规定位置作答试题册答题卡非规定位置作答律效
2 请规定时间答题卡指定位置次完成作文听力阅读翻译部分考试作答作文期间翻阅该试题册听力录音播放完毕请立停止作答监考员立收回答题卡1监考员指令方继续作答
3 作文题容印试题册背面作文题观题必须黑色签字笔答题卡指定区域作答
4 选择题均单选题错选选选分作答时必须HB2B铅笔答题卡相应位置填涂修改时须橡皮擦净
三情况违规处理
1 未正确填写(涂)信息错贴贴毁损条形码粘贴条
2 未规定翻阅试题册提前阅读试题提前收答题卡期间作答
3 未规定笔作答折叠成毁损答题卡导致法评卷
4 考试期间非听力考试时间佩戴耳机
全国学英语四六级考试委员会
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on Albert Einsteins remark I have no special talents I am only passionately curious You can give an example or two to illustrate your point of view You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions：In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations At the end of each conversation one or more questions will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once After each question there will be a pause During the pause you must read the four choices marked A) B) C) and D) and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre
1A) The woman thinks she is cleverer than the man
B) The man behaves as if he were a thorough fool
C) The man is unhappy with the woman’s remark
D) The woman seldom speaks highly of herself
2A) Three crew members were involved in the incident
B) None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons
C) None of the passengers were injured or killed
D) The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan
3 A)At a travel agency C) At a checkout counter
B) At a hotel front desk D) At a commercial bank
4A) Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city
B) The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant
C) The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines
D) The restaurant was not up to the speakers5 expectations
5A) Prof Laurence is going into an active retirement
B) Prof Laurence has stopped conducting seminars
C) The professor’s graduate seminar is well received
D) The professor will lead a quiet life after retirement
6A)Assigning Leon to a new position C) Arranging for Rodney’s visit tomorrow
B) Finding a replacement for Leon D) Finding a solution to Rodney’s problem
7A) Photography is one of Helen’s many hobbies
B) Helen asked the man to book a ticket for her
C) The photography exhibition will close tomorrow
D) Helen has been looking forward to the exhibition
8A) The speakers share the same opinion
B) Steve knows how to motivate employees
C) The man has a better understanding of Steve
D) The woman is out of touch with the real world
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard
9A) It is well paid C)It is demanding
B) It is stimulating D) It is fairly secure
10 A) quick promotion C) Moving expenses
B) Free accommodation D) A Lighter workload
11A) He has difficulty communicating with local people
B) He has to spend a lot more traveling back and forth
C) He has trouble adapting to the local weather
D) He has to sign a longterm contract
12 A) The woman will help the man make a choice
B) The man is going to attend a job interview
C) The man is in the process of job hunting
D) The woman sympathizes with the man
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard
13A) To inquire about the interest rates at the woman bank
B) To inquire about the current financial market situation
C) To see if he can find a job in the woman’s company
D) To see if he can get a loan from the woman’s bank
14A) Longterm investment C) Any highinterest deposit
B) A threemonth deposit D) Any highyield investment
15 A) She treated him to a meal C) She offered him dining coupons
B) She gave him loans at low rates D) She raised interest rates for him
Section B
Directions In this section 9 you will hear 3 short passages At the end of each passage you will hear some questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard
16A) Strict professional training C) A refined taste for artistic works
B) Years of practical experience D) The ability to predict fashion trends
17A) Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world
B) Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas
C) Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments
D) Promoting all kinds of American handmade specialties
18A)She has access to fashionable things C) She is doing what she enjoys doing
B) She can enjoy life on a modest salary D) She is free to do whatever she wants
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard
19A) It is a Portuguese company selling coffee in New York
B) Its most important task is to conduct coffee studies
C) It represents several countries that export coffee
D) Its role is to regulate international coffee prices
20 A) The freezing weather in Brazil C) The increased coffee consumption
B) The impact of global warming D) The fluctuation of coffee prices
21 A) He is doing a bachelor’s degree C) He is a heavy coffee drinker
B) He is young handsome and single D) He is tall rich and intelligent
22 A) A visit to several coffeegrowing plantations
B) Coffee prices and his advertising campaign
C) A vacation on some beautiful tropical beach
D) A quick promotion and a handsome income
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard
23A) They were held up in a traffic jam C) They were late for the first morning bus
B) They boarded a wrong coach in a hurry D) They were delayed by the train for hours
24A) It was canceled because of an unexpected strike
B) It was the most exciting trip they ever had
C) It was spoiled by poor accommodations
D) It was postponed due to terrible weather
25A) Go overseas C) Take romantic cruises
B) Stay at home D) Take escorted trips
Section C
Directions In this section you will hear a passage three times When the passage is read for the first time you should listen carefully for its general idea When the passage is read for the second time you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard Finally when the passage is read for the third time you should check what you have written
Why would an animal kill itself It seems a strange question and yet it is one that has __26__ some people for a long time The lemming（旅鼠）is one such animal Lemmings periodically commit mass __27__ and no one knows just why
The small __28__ which inhabit the Scandinavian mountains sustain themselves on a diet of roots and live in nests they make underground When their food supply is __29__ large the lemmings live a normal undisturbed life However when the lemmings food supply becomes too low to support the population a singular __30__ commences The lemmings leave their nests all together at the same time forming huge crowds Great numbers of the lemmings begin a long and hard journey across the Scandinavian plains a journey that may last weeks The lemmings eat everything in their path continuing their __31__ march until they reach the sea
The reason for what follows remains a mystery for zoologists and naturalists Upon reaching the coast the lemmings do not stop but swim by the thousands into the surf Most __32 __only a short time before they tire sink and drown
A common theory for this unusual phenomenon is that the lemmings do not realize that the ocean is such __33__ water In their crosscountry journey the animals must traverse many smaller bodies of water such as rivers and small lakes They may __34__ that the sea is just another such swimmable __35__ But no final answer has been found to the mystery
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage
That which does not kill us makes us stronger But parents can’t handle it when teenagers put this __36__ into practice Now technology has become the new field for the ageold battle between adults and their freedomseeking kids
Locked indoors unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers What they do online often __37__ what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren’t so heavily __38__ in the age of helicopter parenting Social media and smartphone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own They want the freedom to __39__ their identity and the world around them Instead of __40__ out they jump online
As teens have moved online parents have projected their fears onto the Internet imagining all the __41__ dangers that youth might face —from __42__ strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives
Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of __43__ with others fearful parents have focused on tracking monitoring and blocking These tactics（策略）don’t help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations __44__ risks and get help when they’re in trouble Protecting kids may fed like the right thing to do but it __45__ the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technologysoaked world
K) potential
L) sneaking
M) sticking
N) undermines
O) violent
A) assess
B) constrained
C) contains
D) explore
E) influence
F) interacting
G) interpretation
H) magnified
I) mirrors
J) philosophy
Section B
Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
Inequality Is Not Inevitable
[A] A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century A country that experienced shared growth after World War Ⅱ began to tear apart so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007 one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape How did this shining city on a hill become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality
[B] Over the past year and a half The Great Divide a series in The New York Times has presented a wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn’t apply in the democracies of the 21st We don’t need to have this much inequality in America
[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession where we socialized losses even as we privatized gains Perfect competition should drive profits to zero at least theoretically but we have monopolies making persistently high profits C E O s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker a much higher ratio than in the past without any evidence of a proportionate increase in productivity
[D] If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America’s great divide what is it The straightforward answer our policies and our politics People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories but the fact of the matter is that Sweden Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita（均）incomes than the United States and with far greater equality So why has America chosen these inequalityenhancing policies Part of the answer is that as World War II faded into memory so too did the solidarity it had created As America triumphed in the Cold War there didn’t seem to be a real competitor to our economic model Without this international competition we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens
[E] Ideology and interests combined viciously Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991 The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment our safety our health and the economy itself
[F] But this ideology was hypocritical（虚伪） The bankers among the strongest advocates of laissezfaire（放）economics were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the ThatcherReagan era of free markets and deregulation
[G] The American political system is overrun by money Economic inequality translates into political inequality and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks’ predatory（掠夺性）lending practices This last decision was particularly foolish There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending
[H] Our divisions are deep Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below Like the kings of ancient times they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right
[I] Our economy our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens（庇护）but how well off the typical citizen is But average incomes are lower than they were a quartercentury ago Growth has gone to the very very top whose share has almost increased four times since 1980 Money that was meant to have trickled（流淌）down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of the Cayman Islands
[J] With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty and with America doing so little for its poor the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next Of course no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents
[K] Among most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young who long to enter our shrinking middle class Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years
[L] Where justice is concerned there is also a huge divide In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population mass imprisonment has come to define America—a country it bears repeating with about 5 percent of the world’s population but around a fourth of the world’s prisoners
[M] Justice has become a commodity affordable to only a few While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed the banks abused our legal system to foreclose（取消赎回权）on mortgages and eject tenants some of whom did not even owe money
[N] More than a halfcentury ago America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations in 1948 Today access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights at least in the advanced countries America despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act is the exception In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated Obamacare’s objective —to ensure that all Americans have access to health care—has been blocked 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest
[O] We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel Far from it Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start We must end the rentseeking society we have gravitated toward in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system
[P] The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics It’s really a problem of practical politics Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children’s access to food and the right to justice for all If we spent more on education health and infrastructure（基础设施） we would strengthen our economy now and in the future
46In theory free competition is supposed to reduce the margin of profits to the minimum
47The United States is now characterized by a great division between the rich and the poor
48America lacked the incentive to care for the majority of its citizens as it found no rival for its economic model
49The wealthy top have come to take privileges for granted
50Many examples show the basic laws of imperial capitalism no longer apply in presentday America
51The author suggests a return to the true spirit of the market
52A quarter of the world’s prisoner population is in America
53Government regulation in America went from one extreme to the other in the past two decades
54Justice has become so expensive that only a small number of people like corporate executives can afford it
55No country in the world so far has been able to provide completely equal opportunities for all
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage
I’ll admit I’ve never quite understood the obsession（难破成见）surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops To environmentalist opponents GM foods are simply evil an understudied possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients To supporters GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population But more than that supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally antiscience no different than those who question the basics of manmade climate change
For both sides GM foods seem to act as a symbol you’re proagricultural business or antiscience But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy The conclusion while GM crops haven’t yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet
That doesn’t mean GM crops are perfect or a onesizefitsall solution to global agriculture problems But anything that can increase farming efficiency—the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land—will be extremely useful GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools but so will traditional plant breeding improved soil and crop management—and perhaps most important of all better storage and transport infrastructure（基础设施） especially in the developing world (It doesn’t do much good for farmers in places like subSaharan Africa to produce more food if they can’t get it to hungry consumers) I’d like to see more nonindustry research done on GM crops—not just because we’d worry less about bias but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn’t be the only entities working to harness genetic modification I’d like to see GM research on less commercial crops like corn I don’t think it’s vital to label GM ingredients in food but I also wouldn’t be against it—and industry would be smart to go along with labeling just as a way of removing fears about the technology
Most of all though I wish a tenth of the energy that’s spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture There are much bigger battles to fight
56How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage
A) They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment
B) They are used by big businesses to monopolize agriculture
C) They have proved potentially harmful to consumers’ health
D) They pose a tremendous threat to current farming practice
57What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate
A) Breaking the GM food monopoly C) Regulating GM food production
B) More friendly exchange of ideas D) More scientific research on GM crops
58What is the main point of the Nature articles
A) Feeding the growing population makes it imperative to develop GM crops
B) Popularizing GM technology will help it to live up to its initial promises
C) Measures should be taken to ensure the safety of GM foods
D) Both supporters and opponents should make compromises
59What is the author’s view on the solution to agricultural problems
A) It has to depend more and more on GM technology
B) It is vital to the sustainable development of human society
C) GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found
D) Whatever is useful to boost farming efficiency should be encouraged
60What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops
A) It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science
B) It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world
C) Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture
D) Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage
Early decision—you apply to one school and admission is binding—seems like a great choice for nervous applicants Schools let in a higher percentage of earlydecision applicants which arguably means that you have a better chance of getting in And if you do you’re done with the whole agonizing process by December But what most students and parents don’t realize is that schools have hidden motives for offering early decision
Early decision since it’s binding allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students it allows admissions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come It also gives schools a higher yield rate which is often used as one of the ways to measure college selectivity and popularity
The problem is that this process effectively shortens the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point Under regular admissions seniors have until May 1 to choose which school to attend early decision effectively steals six months from them months that could be used to visit more schools do more research speak to current students and alumni（校友）and arguably make a more informed decision
There are frankly an astonishing number of exceptional colleges in America and for any given student there are a number of schools that are a great fit When students become too fixated（专注）on a particular school early in the admissions process that fixation can lead to severe disappointment if they don’t get in or if they do the possibility that they are now bound to go to a school that given time for further reflection may not actually be right for them
Insofar as early decision offers a genuine admissions edge that advantage goes largely to students who already have numerous advantages The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higherquality college guidance usually a result of coming from a more privileged background In this regard there’s an argument against early decision as students from lowerincome families are far less likely to have the admissions knowhow to navigate the often confusing early deadlines
Students who have done their research and are confident that there’s one school they would be thrilled to get into should under the current system probably apply under early decision But for students who haven’t yet done enough research or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools the earlydecision system needlessly and prematurely narrows the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options
61What are students obliged to do under early decision
A) Look into a lot of schools before they apply
B) Attend the school once they are admitted
C) Think twice before they accept the offer
D) Consult the current students and alumni
62Why do schools offer early decision
A) To make sure they get qualified students
B) To avoid competition with other colleges
C) To provide more opportunities for applicants
D) To save students the agony of choosing a school
63What is said to be the problem with early decision for students
A) It makes their application process more complicated
B) It places too high a demand on their research ability
C) It allows them little time to make informed decisions
D) It exerts much more psychological pressure on them
64Why are some people opposed to early decision
A) It interferes with students’ learning in high school
B) It is biased against students at ordinary high schools
C) It causes unnecessary confusion among college applicants
D) It places students from lowerincome families at a disadvantage
65What does the author advise college applicants to do
A) Refrain from competing with students from privileged families
B) Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared
C) Find sufficient information about their favorite schools
D) Look beyond the few supposedly thrilling options
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
2011年中国城市化 (urbanization) 进程中历史性时刻城市口首次超农村口未20 年里预计约35亿农村口移居城市规模城市发展城市交通说挑战机遇中国政府直提倡发展理念强调公交私家车出行号召建设资源节约环境友型社会明确目标中国城市更规划发展量投资转安全清洁济型交通系统发展
参 考 答 案
Part Ⅰ Writing
On Curiosity
Albert Einstein once said I have no special talents I am only passionately curious Simple as the remark may sound it informs us of the significance of curiosity Actually doing everything curiously is conducive to our development and eventually leads us to success
For one thing curiosity is an important source of creativity which is the key to success Let’s take Edison as an example It was curiosity that made him invent so many things and achieved great success in his career For another curiosity is the driving force for us to go forward Curiosity can change boredom into freshness which will make us acquire new knowledge constantly Last but not least curiosity is helpful in resolving difficulties one by one A person with curiosity is prone to find the essence of the problem and overcome various difficulties
From what has been mentioned above curiosity is very important and helpful in personal development Being enthusiastic about curiosity helps us achieve success sooner or later
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1 C 2 C 3 D 4 D 5 A
6 B 7 D 8 A 9 B 10 A
11 D 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 C
Section B
16 D 17 A 18 C 19 C 20 A
21 B 22 B 23 D 24 A 25 B
Section C
26 puzzled 27 suicide 28 creatures 29 sufficiently 30 migration
31 destructive 32 float on water 33 a huge body of 34 assume 35 obstacle
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A
36 J 37 C 38 B 39 D 40 L 41 K 42 O 43 F 44 A 45 N
Section B
46C 47 A 48 E 49 I 50 B 51 P 52M 53 F 54 N 55 K
Section C
56B 57D 58A 59D 60C 61B 62A 63C 64D 65B
Part Ⅳ Translation
The year of 2011 is a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China when the urban population exceeds the rural population for the first time In the next 20 years it is estimated that about 350 million rural populations will migrate to cities Such a scale of urban development is both a challenge and an opportunity for urban transportation The Chinese government has always been advocating the concept of peopleoriented developmentstressing that people should travel by buses instead of private cars It also calls for the construction of resourcesaving and environmentfriendly society With this explicit goal Chinese cities can make better plans for their development and turn a massive investment to the development of safe clean and economical transportation system
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学 英 语 六 级 考 试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
—Band Six—
试 题 册
敬 告 考 生
答题前请认真完成容
1 请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条答题卡印刷质量问题时监考员反映确认误完成两点求
2 请试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭粘贴答题卡1条形码粘贴框姓名准考证号填写试题册背面相应位置
3 请答题卡1答题卡2指定位置黑色签字笔填写准考证号姓名学校名称HB2B铅笔应准考证号信息点涂黑
二考试程中请注意容
1 题目必须答题卡规定位置作答试题册答题卡非规定位置作答律效
2 请规定时间答题卡指定位置次完成作文听力阅读翻译部分考试作答作文期间翻阅该试题册听力录音播放完毕请立停止作答监考员立收回答题卡1监考员指令方继续作答
3 作文题容印试题册背面作文题观题必须黑色签字笔答题卡指定区域作答
4 选择题均单选题错选选选分作答时必须HB2B铅笔答题卡相应位置填涂修改时须橡皮擦净
三情况违规处理
1 未正确填写(涂)信息错贴贴毁损条形码粘贴条
2 未规定翻阅试题册提前阅读试题提前收答题卡期间作答
3 未规定笔作答折叠成毁损答题卡导致法评卷
4 考试期间非听力考试时间佩戴耳机
全国学英语四六级考试委员会
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on Albert Einsteins remark I have no special talents I am only passionately curious You can give an example or two to illustrate your point of view You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions：In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations At the end of each conversation one or more questions will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once After each question there will be a pause During the pause you must read the four choices marked A) B) C) and D) and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre
1A) The woman thinks she is cleverer than the man
B) The man behaves as if he were a thorough fool
C) The man is unhappy with the woman’s remark
D) The woman seldom speaks highly of herself
2A) Three crew members were involved in the incident
B) None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons
C) None of the passengers were injured or killed
D) The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan
3 A)At a travel agency C) At a checkout counter
B) At a hotel front desk D) At a commercial bank
4A) Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city
B) The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant
C) The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines
D) The restaurant was not up to the speakers5 expectations
5A) Prof Laurence is going into an active retirement
B) Prof Laurence has stopped conducting seminars
C) The professor’s graduate seminar is well received
D) The professor will lead a quiet life after retirement
6A)Assigning Leon to a new position C) Arranging for Rodney’s visit tomorrow
B) Finding a replacement for Leon D) Finding a solution to Rodney’s problem
7A) Photography is one of Helen’s many hobbies
B) Helen asked the man to book a ticket for her
C) The photography exhibition will close tomorrow
D) Helen has been looking forward to the exhibition
8A) The speakers share the same opinion
B) Steve knows how to motivate employees
C) The man has a better understanding of Steve
D) The woman is out of touch with the real world
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard
9A) It is well paid C)It is demanding
B) It is stimulating D) It is fairly secure
10 A) quick promotion C) Moving expenses
B) Free accommodation D) A Lighter workload
11A) He has difficulty communicating with local people
B) He has to spend a lot more traveling back and forth
C) He has trouble adapting to the local weather
D) He has to sign a longterm contract
12 A) The woman will help the man make a choice
B) The man is going to attend a job interview
C) The man is in the process of job hunting
D) The woman sympathizes with the man
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard
13A) To inquire about the interest rates at the woman bank
B) To inquire about the current financial market situation
C) To see if he can find a job in the woman’s company
D) To see if he can get a loan from the woman’s bank
14A) Longterm investment C) Any highinterest deposit
B) A threemonth deposit D) Any highyield investment
15 A) She treated him to a meal C) She offered him dining coupons
B) She gave him loans at low rates D) She raised interest rates for him
Section B
Directions In this section 9 you will hear 3 short passages At the end of each passage you will hear some questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard
16A) Strict professional training C) A refined taste for artistic works
B) Years of practical experience D) The ability to predict fashion trends
17A) Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world
B) Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas
C) Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments
D) Promoting all kinds of American handmade specialties
18A)She has access to fashionable things C) She is doing what she enjoys doing
B) She can enjoy life on a modest salary D) She is free to do whatever she wants
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard
19A) It is a Portuguese company selling coffee in New York
B) Its most important task is to conduct coffee studies
C) It represents several countries that export coffee
D) Its role is to regulate international coffee prices
20 A) The freezing weather in Brazil C) The increased coffee consumption
B) The impact of global warming D) The fluctuation of coffee prices
21 A) He is doing a bachelor’s degree C) He is a heavy coffee drinker
B) He is young handsome and single D) He is tall rich and intelligent
22 A) A visit to several coffeegrowing plantations
B) Coffee prices and his advertising campaign
C) A vacation on some beautiful tropical beach
D) A quick promotion and a handsome income
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard
23A) They were held up in a traffic jam C) They were late for the first morning bus
B) They boarded a wrong coach in a hurry D) They were delayed by the train for hours
24A) It was canceled because of an unexpected strike
B) It was the most exciting trip they ever had
C) It was spoiled by poor accommodations
D) It was postponed due to terrible weather
25A) Go overseas C) Take romantic cruises
B) Stay at home D) Take escorted trips
Section C
Directions In this section you will hear a passage three times When the passage is read for the first time you should listen carefully for its general idea When the passage is read for the second time you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard Finally when the passage is read for the third time you should check what you have written
Why would an animal kill itself It seems a strange question and yet it is one that has __26__ some people for a long time The lemming（旅鼠）is one such animal Lemmings periodically commit mass __27__ and no one knows just why
The small __28__ which inhabit the Scandinavian mountains sustain themselves on a diet of roots and live in nests they make underground When their food supply is __29__ large the lemmings live a normal undisturbed life However when the lemmings food supply becomes too low to support the population a singular __30__ commences The lemmings leave their nests all together at the same time forming huge crowds Great numbers of the lemmings begin a long and hard journey across the Scandinavian plains a journey that may last weeks The lemmings eat everything in their path continuing their __31__ march until they reach the sea
The reason for what follows remains a mystery for zoologists and naturalists Upon reaching the coast the lemmings do not stop but swim by the thousands into the surf Most __32 __only a short time before they tire sink and drown
A common theory for this unusual phenomenon is that the lemmings do not realize that the ocean is such __33__ water In their crosscountry journey the animals must traverse many smaller bodies of water such as rivers and small lakes They may __34__ that the sea is just another such swimmable __35__ But no final answer has been found to the mystery
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage
That which does not kill us makes us stronger But parents can’t handle it when teenagers put this __36__ into practice Now technology has become the new field for the ageold battle between adults and their freedomseeking kids
Locked indoors unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers What they do online often __37__ what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren’t so heavily __38__ in the age of helicopter parenting Social media and smartphone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own They want the freedom to __39__ their identity and the world around them Instead of __40__ out they jump online
As teens have moved online parents have projected their fears onto the Internet imagining all the __41__ dangers that youth might face —from __42__ strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives
Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of __43__ with others fearful parents have focused on tracking monitoring and blocking These tactics（策略）don’t help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations __44__ risks and get help when they’re in trouble Protecting kids may fed like the right thing to do but it __45__ the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technologysoaked world
K) potential
L) sneaking
M) sticking
N) undermines
O) violent
A) assess
B) constrained
C) contains
D) explore
E) influence
F) interacting
G) interpretation
H) magnified
I) mirrors
J) philosophy
Section B
Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
Inequality Is Not Inevitable
[A] A dangerous trend has developed over this past third of a century A country that experienced shared growth after World War Ⅱ began to tear apart so much so that when the Great Recession hit in late 2007 one could no longer ignore the division that had come to define the American economic landscape How did this shining city on a hill become the advanced country with the greatest level of inequality
[B] Over the past year and a half The Great Divide a series in The New York Times has presented a wide range of examples that undermine the notion that there are any truly fundamental laws of capitalism The dynamics of the imperial capitalism of the 19th century needn’t apply in the democracies of the 21st We don’t need to have this much inequality in America
[C] Our current brand of capitalism is a fake capitalism For proof of this go back to our response to the Great Recession where we socialized losses even as we privatized gains Perfect competition should drive profits to zero at least theoretically but we have monopolies making persistently high profits C E O s enjoy incomes that are on average 295 times that of the typical worker a much higher ratio than in the past without any evidence of a proportionate increase in productivity
[D] If it is not the cruel laws of economics that have led to America’s great divide what is it The straightforward answer our policies and our politics People get tired of hearing about Scandinavian success stories but the fact of the matter is that Sweden Finland and Norway have all succeeded in having about as much or faster growth in per capita（均）incomes than the United States and with far greater equality So why has America chosen these inequalityenhancing policies Part of the answer is that as World War II faded into memory so too did the solidarity it had created As America triumphed in the Cold War there didn’t seem to be a real competitor to our economic model Without this international competition we no longer had to show that our system could deliver for most of our citizens
[E] Ideology and interests combined viciously Some drew the wrong lesson from the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991 The pendulum swung from much too much government there to much too little here Corporate interests argued for getting rid of regulations even when those regulations had done so much to protect and improve our environment our safety our health and the economy itself
[F] But this ideology was hypocritical（虚伪） The bankers among the strongest advocates of laissezfaire（放）economics were only too willing to accept hundreds of billions of dollars from the government in the aid programs that have been a recurring feature of the global economy since the beginning of the ThatcherReagan era of free markets and deregulation
[G] The American political system is overrun by money Economic inequality translates into political inequality and political inequality yields increasing economic inequality So corporate welfare increases as we reduce welfare for the poor Congress maintains subsidies for rich farmers as we cut back on nutritional support for the needy Drug companies have been given hundreds of billions of dollars as we limit Medicaid benefits The banks that brought on the global financial crisis got billions while a tiny bit went to the homeowners and victims of the same banks’ predatory（掠夺性）lending practices This last decision was particularly foolish There were alternatives to throwing money at the banks and hoping it would circulate through increased lending
[H] Our divisions are deep Economic and geographic segregation has immunized those at the top from the problems of those down below Like the kings of ancient times they have come to perceive their privileged positions essentially as a natural right
[I] Our economy our democracy and our society have paid for these gross inequalities The true test of an economy is not how much wealth its princes can accumulate in tax havens（庇护）but how well off the typical citizen is But average incomes are lower than they were a quartercentury ago Growth has gone to the very very top whose share has almost increased four times since 1980 Money that was meant to have trickled（流淌）down has instead evaporated in the agreeable climate of the Cayman Islands
[J] With almost a quarter of American children younger than 5 living in poverty and with America doing so little for its poor the deprivations of one generation are being visited upon the next Of course no country has ever come close to providing complete equality of opportunity But why is America one of the advanced countries where the life prospects of the young are most sharply determined by the income and education of their parents
[K] Among most bitter stories in The Great Divide were those that portrayed the frustrations of the young who long to enter our shrinking middle class Soaring tuitions and declining incomes have resulted in larger debt burdens Those with only a high school diploma have seen their incomes decline by 13 percent over the past 35 years
[L] Where justice is concerned there is also a huge divide In the eyes of the rest of the world and a significant part of its own population mass imprisonment has come to define America—a country it bears repeating with about 5 percent of the world’s population but around a fourth of the world’s prisoners
[M] Justice has become a commodity affordable to only a few While Wall Street executives used their expensive lawyers to ensure that their ranks were not held accountable for the misdeeds that the crisis in 2008 so graphically revealed the banks abused our legal system to foreclose（取消赎回权）on mortgages and eject tenants some of whom did not even owe money
[N] More than a halfcentury ago America led the way in advocating for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations in 1948 Today access to health care is among the most universally accepted rights at least in the advanced countries America despite the implementation of the Affordable Care Act is the exception In the relief that many felt when the Supreme Court did not overturn the Affordable Care Act the implications of the decision for Medicaid were not fully appreciated Obamacare’s objective —to ensure that all Americans have access to health care—has been blocked 24 states have not implemented the expanded Medicaid program which was the means by which Obamacare was supposed to deliver on its promise to some of the poorest
[O] We need not just a new war on poverty but a war to protect the middle class Solutions to these problems do not have to be novel Far from it Making markets act like markets would be a good place to start We must end the rentseeking society we have gravitated toward in which the wealthy obtain profits by manipulating the system
[P] The problem of inequality is not so much a matter of technical economics It’s really a problem of practical politics Inequality is not just about the top marginal tax rate but also about our children’s access to food and the right to justice for all If we spent more on education health and infrastructure（基础设施） we would strengthen our economy now and in the future
46In theory free competition is supposed to reduce the margin of profits to the minimum
47The United States is now characterized by a great division between the rich and the poor
48America lacked the incentive to care for the majority of its citizens as it found no rival for its economic model
49The wealthy top have come to take privileges for granted
50Many examples show the basic laws of imperial capitalism no longer apply in presentday America
51The author suggests a return to the true spirit of the market
52A quarter of the world’s prisoner population is in America
53Government regulation in America went from one extreme to the other in the past two decades
54Justice has become so expensive that only a small number of people like corporate executives can afford it
55No country in the world so far has been able to provide completely equal opportunities for all
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage
I’ll admit I’ve never quite understood the obsession（难破成见）surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops To environmentalist opponents GM foods are simply evil an understudied possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients To supporters GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population But more than that supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally antiscience no different than those who question the basics of manmade climate change
For both sides GM foods seem to act as a symbol you’re proagricultural business or antiscience But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy The conclusion while GM crops haven’t yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet
That doesn’t mean GM crops are perfect or a onesizefitsall solution to global agriculture problems But anything that can increase farming efficiency—the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land—will be extremely useful GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools but so will traditional plant breeding improved soil and crop management—and perhaps most important of all better storage and transport infrastructure（基础设施） especially in the developing world (It doesn’t do much good for farmers in places like subSaharan Africa to produce more food if they can’t get it to hungry consumers) I’d like to see more nonindustry research done on GM crops—not just because we’d worry less about bias but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn’t be the only entities working to harness genetic modification I’d like to see GM research on less commercial crops like corn I don’t think it’s vital to label GM ingredients in food but I also wouldn’t be against it—and industry would be smart to go along with labeling just as a way of removing fears about the technology
Most of all though I wish a tenth of the energy that’s spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture There are much bigger battles to fight
56How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage
A) They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment
B) They are used by big businesses to monopolize agriculture
C) They have proved potentially harmful to consumers’ health
D) They pose a tremendous threat to current farming practice
57What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate
A) Breaking the GM food monopoly C) Regulating GM food production
B) More friendly exchange of ideas D) More scientific research on GM crops
58What is the main point of the Nature articles
A) Feeding the growing population makes it imperative to develop GM crops
B) Popularizing GM technology will help it to live up to its initial promises
C) Measures should be taken to ensure the safety of GM foods
D) Both supporters and opponents should make compromises
59What is the author’s view on the solution to agricultural problems
A) It has to depend more and more on GM technology
B) It is vital to the sustainable development of human society
C) GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found
D) Whatever is useful to boost farming efficiency should be encouraged
60What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops
A) It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science
B) It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world
C) Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture
D) Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage
Early decision—you apply to one school and admission is binding—seems like a great choice for nervous applicants Schools let in a higher percentage of earlydecision applicants which arguably means that you have a better chance of getting in And if you do you’re done with the whole agonizing process by December But what most students and parents don’t realize is that schools have hidden motives for offering early decision
Early decision since it’s binding allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students it allows admissions committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come It also gives schools a higher yield rate which is often used as one of the ways to measure college selectivity and popularity
The problem is that this process effectively shortens the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point Under regular admissions seniors have until May 1 to choose which school to attend early decision effectively steals six months from them months that could be used to visit more schools do more research speak to current students and alumni（校友）and arguably make a more informed decision
There are frankly an astonishing number of exceptional colleges in America and for any given student there are a number of schools that are a great fit When students become too fixated（专注）on a particular school early in the admissions process that fixation can lead to severe disappointment if they don’t get in or if they do the possibility that they are now bound to go to a school that given time for further reflection may not actually be right for them
Insofar as early decision offers a genuine admissions edge that advantage goes largely to students who already have numerous advantages The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higherquality college guidance usually a result of coming from a more privileged background In this regard there’s an argument against early decision as students from lowerincome families are far less likely to have the admissions knowhow to navigate the often confusing early deadlines
Students who have done their research and are confident that there’s one school they would be thrilled to get into should under the current system probably apply under early decision But for students who haven’t yet done enough research or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools the earlydecision system needlessly and prematurely narrows the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options
61What are students obliged to do under early decision
A) Look into a lot of schools before they apply
B) Attend the school once they are admitted
C) Think twice before they accept the offer
D) Consult the current students and alumni
62Why do schools offer early decision
A) To make sure they get qualified students
B) To avoid competition with other colleges
C) To provide more opportunities for applicants
D) To save students the agony of choosing a school
63What is said to be the problem with early decision for students
A) It makes their application process more complicated
B) It places too high a demand on their research ability
C) It allows them little time to make informed decisions
D) It exerts much more psychological pressure on them
64Why are some people opposed to early decision
A) It interferes with students’ learning in high school
B) It is biased against students at ordinary high schools
C) It causes unnecessary confusion among college applicants
D) It places students from lowerincome families at a disadvantage
65What does the author advise college applicants to do
A) Refrain from competing with students from privileged families
B) Avoid choosing early decision unless they are fully prepared
C) Find sufficient information about their favorite schools
D) Look beyond the few supposedly thrilling options
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
2011年中国城市化 (urbanization) 进程中历史性时刻城市口首次超农村口未20 年里预计约35亿农村口移居城市规模城市发展城市交通说挑战机遇中国政府直提倡发展理念强调公交私家车出行号召建设资源节约环境友型社会明确目标中国城市更规划发展量投资转安全清洁济型交通系统发展
参 考 答 案
Part Ⅰ Writing
On Curiosity
Albert Einstein once said I have no special talents I am only passionately curious Simple as the remark may sound it informs us of the significance of curiosity Actually doing everything curiously is conducive to our development and eventually leads us to success
For one thing curiosity is an important source of creativity which is the key to success Let’s take Edison as an example It was curiosity that made him invent so many things and achieved great success in his career For another curiosity is the driving force for us to go forward Curiosity can change boredom into freshness which will make us acquire new knowledge constantly Last but not least curiosity is helpful in resolving difficulties one by one A person with curiosity is prone to find the essence of the problem and overcome various difficulties
From what has been mentioned above curiosity is very important and helpful in personal development Being enthusiastic about curiosity helps us achieve success sooner or later
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1 C 2 C 3 D 4 D 5 A
6 B 7 D 8 A 9 B 10 A
11 D 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 C
Section B
16 D 17 A 18 C 19 C 20 A
21 B 22 B 23 D 24 A 25 B
Section C
26 puzzled 27 suicide 28 creatures 29 sufficiently 30 migration
31 destructive 32 float on water 33 a huge body of 34 assume 35 obstacle
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A
36 J 37 C 38 B 39 D 40 L 41 K 42 O 43 F 44 A 45 N
Section B
46C 47 A 48 E 49 I 50 B 51 P 52M 53 F 54 N 55 K
Section C
56B 57D 58A 59D 60C 61B 62A 63C 64D 65B
Part Ⅳ Translation
The year of 2011 is a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China when the urban population exceeds the rural population for the first time In the next 20 years it is estimated that about 350 million rural populations will migrate to cities Such a scale of urban development is both a challenge and an opportunity for urban transportation The Chinese government has always been advocating the concept of peopleoriented developmentstressing that people should travel by buses instead of private cars It also calls for the construction of resourcesaving and environmentfriendly society With this explicit goal Chinese cities can make better plans for their development and turn a massive investment to the development of safe clean and economical transportation system
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