教材题点拨
COMPREHENDING
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 1：
1 The first use is to produce commercial quantities of plantsThe second is to research on new plants species and do medical research on animals
2 Cloning plants is straightforwardbut the cloning of animals is very complicated
3 The first clone from an adult animal was Dolly the sheepShe died in 2003
4 Cloning is controversial in some countries for moral and religious reasons
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 2：
Problems or dangers of cloning
Advantages of cloning
Animal clones may develop the illnesses of older animals
Medical cloning could produce cures for serious illnesses in humans
Animal clones may die younger than the donor animals
Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale
Evil leaders may want to clone themselves
Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species
There are moral objections to cloning human beings
Cloning can help save endangered animals
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
I think the writer is impartial because heshe does not state any personal opinion about cloning
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering useful words and expressions
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 differ 2 cast 3 accumulate 4 exact 5 altogether 6 objections
7 undertake 8 moral
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 Compared with her familyand especially her nephewher niece Daisy is straightforward about her opinions
2 The arbitrary decisions of the factory leaders caused anger among the workers
3 Is the opera house in the commercial area of Beijing
4 The producer of the media programme made_an_objection_to Jennifer joining in the chorus
5 Before you can make a loafyou need to obtain some flour
6 You owe the lady an apologyI will_forbid you to leave unless you apologize for what you have done
☞Answers to Exercise 3：
1 attain 2 complicated 3 fate 4 carrier 5 cast 6 reform 7 accumulate
Discovering useful structures
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful cloneDolly_the_sheep
2 Then came the disturbing news that_Dolly_had_become_seriously_ill
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
Dolly the sheep became a scientific breakthrough when the news that_she_had_been_born was announced in 1997Howeverthe problem that_she_later_developed_a_serious_lung_disease bothered scientistsOn 14th February 2003 scientists made the decision that_Dolly_should_be_put_to_sleepDolly＇s deathlike her birthwas bound to raise worriesThe fact that_Dolly_died_when_she_was_quite_young disappointed people the world overScientists hold the belief that_cloning_may_lead_to_many_important_scientific_breakthroughs_and_
medical_treatmentsBut now the question comes to their mindsDid_she_die_young_because_she_was_a_clone？Besides thatthere is also a fierce debate over the question whether_human_cloning_experiments_should_be_allowedScientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the assumption that_human_clones_have_already_
been_born hasn＇t been proved yet
1997年莉羊诞生消息宣布便成项科学突破莉染严重肺病问题科学家忧虑2003年2月14日科学家作出莉羊长眠决定莉死正出世样肯定会带焦虑莉早亡事实令世失科学家认克隆会带重科学突破医学疗法现思考样问题：莉早死克隆羊？外关否应该允许进行类克隆实验问题引起激烈争科学家相信类克隆时间问题克隆已问世说法没验证实
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
Numerous answers are possible but all the clauses in the appositive should begin with the wordthat．
1 I have no idea that_she_would_come_next_week_for_a_short_visit
2 We heard the news that_a_woman_trapped_under_the_ruins_for_six_days_was_rescued
3 John told the truth that_he_failed_in_the_test
4 Betty won a prize that_she_had_dreamed_of_for_years
5 Charles agreed to the regulation that_he_must_have_safety_training
6 Yesterday I was glad to get a message that_the_interview_went_well
7 The fact that_the_people_in_the_earthquakehit_areas_had_rebuilt_their_homes_inspired_
all_of_us
8 I got the impression that_everyone_in_class_did_well_in_the_performance
USING LANGUAGE
Readingdiscussing and writing
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 1：
1 There will not be enough genetic variation in the group to be able to resist new illnesses
2 It is not a good idea to clone an animal that would live in a zoo because it is not a suitable habitat to develop and increase its numbersThe zoo is not a natural environment for a wild animal
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 2：
Cloning is useful because
·it could find a cure for illnesses that are presently incurable
·it means that endangered species can be preserved
·it could help families who cannot have children of their own
It is a bad thing because
·it might produce monsters
·it might bring back to life creatures that might harm us
·you might be cloned without your knowledge
Listening and speaking
LISTENING TEXT
IS CLONING CRUEL
Xiao Qing(XQ)and Rachel Brown(RB)are discussing whether cloning is cruel to animals or not
RB：Xiao Qingdo you think cloning＇s cruel
XQ：What do you mean by that？The scientists are doing a wonderful jobSoon they may be able to bring people＇s favourite pets back to life
RB：YesI knowBut doesn＇t it seem cruel to you that it took 276 experiments before Dolly was successfully cloned？Think of all those live cells and eggs that died in order for Dolly to be bornI don＇t approve of that
XQ：ButRachelbe reasonableIsn＇t it always like that with a new science？This is the way people learn to do things better
RB：I suppose so—but they also make the animals do such unnatural thingsOne poor cow was made to give birth to a bisonWhat was the poor creature to think when it saw its baby
XQ：I don＇t quite understand why so many people are against cloningI think the scientists need a bit of encouragementThink of the benefitsCloning may be medical science to produce cures for serious illnesses
RB：YesI know and I agree with thatIt＇s just that I don＇t agree with the methods
XQ：Why not
RB：WellI think it＇s a dead endDolly the sheep wasmiddleagedwhen she was born because her DNA came from a middleaged mother．Cloning your grandmother would mean a new baby started life as an old lady
XQ：Really？I never thought of that
RB：And it weakens the speciesCloning means that there＇s less variety in the speciesSo the animals may not be able to resist a particular illness and they might die out
XQ：Oh dearAnd that was just what you and I were trying to avoidIn spite of all thesedon＇t you think scientists would still be able to solve the problems
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 3 4 5
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 2：
Rachel＇s ideas about cloning
Xiao Qing＇s ideas about cloning
1 cruel to animals
1 scientists are doing a wonderful job
2 makes the animals do unnatural things
2 may bring people＇s favourite pets back to life
3 it is adead end
3 problems because it is a new science
4 weakens the species
4 it may provide cures for serious illnesses
练册答案听力原文
Unit 2 Cloning
LISTENING
LISTENING TEXT
IS HUMAN CLONING A GOOD IDEA
Wang Qiao(WQ)is talking to Clare Peters(CP)about human cloning
WQ：What do you think about human cloningClare
CP：I don＇t know what to thinkBut I suppose it＇ll come one of these daysI think there are many problems that nobody has thought of yet
WQ：What do you mean by that
CP：Wella clone will be an exact copy of the original donorRight
WQ：Yesso what
CP：Wellwhat＇s the relationship between the clone and his original donor
WQ：I suppose they must be like one personThe clone is the same as his original donor
CP：Let＇s suppose that you take a baby to a laboratory to be clonedDoes it matter if the laboratory returns you the real baby and one clone or two clones
WQ：Yesit doesBut how could this possibly happen
CP：Wellthe scientists may get confused
WQ：My goodnessSurely they would notice if there is an agegap between the donor and the clone
CP：MaybeWhat if the donor and the clone are very close in age Let us suppose they are both babies
WQ：OK
CP：Let＇s suppose that the laboratory wanted to use the real baby to make more clonesPerhaps they know parents who would like to buy a cloned babyPerhaps this family is unable to have children of their ownSo the laboratory keeps the real baby and sells the clones as they grow
WQ：But that＇s a baby factoryThat＇s not moral at all
CP：I knowand that＇s why it＇s important to get our ideas sorted out nowSo we really have to think about the problems of human cloning
WQ：YesNow I see your pointWe should do something about thisHow about a class discussion？What do you think？(fade out)
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
2 3 4
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3
1 Clare thinks people will want to buy cloned babies if they cannot have babies of their own
2 People have not thought that there may be dishonest laboratories who will produce and sell cloned babies like a baby factory
3 Various answers are possible but each needs a reason to be considered correct
4 Various answers are possible but each needs a reason to be considered correct
USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
procedureassumptionbe bound toresistfrom time to timerestoringshortlyclawsbrought back
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 in time 2 in danger 3 in vain 4 in black pen
5 in favour of 6 In the meantime
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
1 I adore homemade rectangular loaves made with brown flour and nuts
2 He is very conservativeand is even in favour of a constitution that gives few rights to immigrant voters
3 When the leader of the chorus retired from the operathey held a dinner party for him
4 The media plays an important role in influencing public opinion
5 Don＇t bother about taking down those decorations yetThe Christmas celebrations aren＇t over yet
6 The regulations for cloning animals are very strictHe was unable to continue his experiments
7 Don＇t bother yourself about cloning my pet catI won＇t expect to bring it back to life
8 The people in flooded areas owed a great deal to the PLA soldiers for their rescue work
USING STRUCTURES
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 C 2 E 3 AF 4 B 5 AF 6 D
The first sentence does not contain an appositive clausebut an objective clause
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 that they should buy a new car
2 that they wanted the most expensive one
3 that they would save for six months
4 that Sue＇s uncle had died unexpectedly
5 that she must follow when she inherited money
6 that she should save all her money in the bank
7 that she was doing the right thing to use the money
Appositive clauses：1 3 4
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
Hans Lottethe_exploreris wellknown for his excellent television documentariesHoweverhe does not look like a traditional television hostso many people cannot understand how_he_got_his_jobThe fact that_mountain_climbing_was_so_popular_in_his_hometown_in_Florida encouraged his ambitionIt made him interested in television documentaries that_he_both_could_take_risks_and_earn_a_livingSo he made the decision that_he_would_study_earth_sciences_at_universityLuckily the possibility that_he_spoke_many_languages helped him become a star when the TV company visited Russiahe soon became a regular presenter in front of the camera and viewers began to ask why_he_did_not_make_it_his_careerHe became a great successUnhappily we have heard the news that_he_is_retiring_this_yearbut everybody can still watch his fascinating series on TV
LISTENING TASK
LISTENING TEXT
A DISCUSSION ABOUT CLONING
Billy(B)and Frank(F)are having a discussion about cloning pets
B：You knowFrankI agree with cloningMy mum has a pet dog and she is devoted to herI think if anything happened to this pet she would be very upsetSo we want to keep my mother happy by keeping her pet alive forever
F：What＇s this all about？A little dogSurely you can make your mother happy again in another wayDoes she know what people did before cloning was a possibility
B：Yesand she knows the cloning procedureShe＇s read about the experiments in AmericaThey offer chances for pets to produce their own stem cellsThese stem cells will produce new pets at a very reasonable price
F：Reasonable priceSurely it will be very expensive
B：Wellmy mother is saving money to go to America with the dog just before it diesIf she goes to the laboratorywe＇ll all spend a week in AmericaIf we＇re luckywe＇ll be able to return after a few months with a new dog
F：Now I understandYou just want a holiday trip to Americaand getting a new dog is just an excuse
B：Yes and why not
F：You are encouraging your mother to love her dogso she will want to clone it when it gets oldThen you will take advantage of that to have a good holidayDon＇t you think about the moral problems of cloning
B：NoI don＇tIt＇s fine by meif I can make my mother happy and enjoy myself as wellThat＇s moral too
F：You know what they say about small dogs in Western countriesPeople keep dogs instead of having a real babyIs that the case with your mother
B：Certainly notShe has me after allBut I have to be away from her when I study abroad for my Master＇s degreeShe＇ll need her small dog then
F：I seeNow I know why I don＇t agree with cloning
B：Now you know why I do
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 O 2 O 3 F 4 O 5 F 6 O 7 F 8 O 9 O 10 F
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
1 He wants to make his mother happy by keeping her pet dog alive foreverand he also wants to take the chance to America for holiday when the dog is being cloned there
2 Frank doesn＇t agree with cloning because he thinks cloning is very expensive and it has many moral problems
3 Billy＇s mother is in favour of cloningShe is saving money to go to America to have her pet dog cloned just before it dies
4 Various answers are possible
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 4：
Billy＇s arguments for cloning pets
Frank＇s arguments against cloning pets
1 It is moral to make my mother happy
1 It is very expensive to clone a pet
2 It can provide an excuse for a holiday abroad
2 It is selfish because it is an excuse for a holiday
3 My mother will need her pet when I am away
3 It is selfish because it means the student can study abroad without his mother complaining
☞Answers to Exercise 5：
BILLY：Yesand she knows the_cloning_procedureShe＇s read about the experiments_in_America
FRANK：You are encouraging your_mother_to_love_her_dogso_she_will_want_to_clone_it_when_it_gets_oldThen you will take_advantage_of_that_to_have_a_good_holiday
WRITING TASK
☞Sample writing：
Yesterday there was a very exciting debate at Xinjiang Middle School about whether medical cloning should be allowed or notAfter a lively discussion a vote was taken and the side arguing for medical cloning won
The arguments for medical cloning were very strongly put by the team supporting the motionThey argued that serious illnesses and people who were losing their ability to move or think could be helped by medical cloningThey explained that the procedures would be safequick and with no problems for the patientsThey showed that 67 of the people in America supported itTheir arguments were very convincing
The arguments put by the team opposing medical cloning were less strongThey argued in two waysTheir first reason was that the procedures were not yet secureTheir second reason was that it took many tries and many potential animals had to be killed to produce one useable embryo for researchThey explained that more than twenty European countries do not allow medical cloning research because of thisThey quoted Pope John Paul ⅡBut their arguments were not so convincing
At the end of the debatethe audience were left with a feeling of hopeThey realized that diseases that seem terrible today may be able to be cured soonMany people were excited and happy when they left the hallThe writer of this article was among them
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COMPREHENDING
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 1：
1 The first use is to produce commercial quantities of plantsThe second is to research on new plants species and do medical research on animals
2 Cloning plants is straightforwardbut the cloning of animals is very complicated
3 The first clone from an adult animal was Dolly the sheepShe died in 2003
4 Cloning is controversial in some countries for moral and religious reasons
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 2：
Problems or dangers of cloning
Advantages of cloning
Animal clones may develop the illnesses of older animals
Medical cloning could produce cures for serious illnesses in humans
Animal clones may die younger than the donor animals
Cloning plants can produce plants of similar quality for sale
Evil leaders may want to clone themselves
Cloning plants can be useful for research on new plant species
There are moral objections to cloning human beings
Cloning can help save endangered animals
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
I think the writer is impartial because heshe does not state any personal opinion about cloning
LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE
Discovering useful words and expressions
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 differ 2 cast 3 accumulate 4 exact 5 altogether 6 objections
7 undertake 8 moral
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 Compared with her familyand especially her nephewher niece Daisy is straightforward about her opinions
2 The arbitrary decisions of the factory leaders caused anger among the workers
3 Is the opera house in the commercial area of Beijing
4 The producer of the media programme made_an_objection_to Jennifer joining in the chorus
5 Before you can make a loafyou need to obtain some flour
6 You owe the lady an apologyI will_forbid you to leave unless you apologize for what you have done
☞Answers to Exercise 3：
1 attain 2 complicated 3 fate 4 carrier 5 cast 6 reform 7 accumulate
Discovering useful structures
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful cloneDolly_the_sheep
2 Then came the disturbing news that_Dolly_had_become_seriously_ill
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
Dolly the sheep became a scientific breakthrough when the news that_she_had_been_born was announced in 1997Howeverthe problem that_she_later_developed_a_serious_lung_disease bothered scientistsOn 14th February 2003 scientists made the decision that_Dolly_should_be_put_to_sleepDolly＇s deathlike her birthwas bound to raise worriesThe fact that_Dolly_died_when_she_was_quite_young disappointed people the world overScientists hold the belief that_cloning_may_lead_to_many_important_scientific_breakthroughs_and_
medical_treatmentsBut now the question comes to their mindsDid_she_die_young_because_she_was_a_clone？Besides thatthere is also a fierce debate over the question whether_human_cloning_experiments_should_be_allowedScientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the assumption that_human_clones_have_already_
been_born hasn＇t been proved yet
1997年莉羊诞生消息宣布便成项科学突破莉染严重肺病问题科学家忧虑2003年2月14日科学家作出莉羊长眠决定莉死正出世样肯定会带焦虑莉早亡事实令世失科学家认克隆会带重科学突破医学疗法现思考样问题：莉早死克隆羊？外关否应该允许进行类克隆实验问题引起激烈争科学家相信类克隆时间问题克隆已问世说法没验证实
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
Numerous answers are possible but all the clauses in the appositive should begin with the wordthat．
1 I have no idea that_she_would_come_next_week_for_a_short_visit
2 We heard the news that_a_woman_trapped_under_the_ruins_for_six_days_was_rescued
3 John told the truth that_he_failed_in_the_test
4 Betty won a prize that_she_had_dreamed_of_for_years
5 Charles agreed to the regulation that_he_must_have_safety_training
6 Yesterday I was glad to get a message that_the_interview_went_well
7 The fact that_the_people_in_the_earthquakehit_areas_had_rebuilt_their_homes_inspired_
all_of_us
8 I got the impression that_everyone_in_class_did_well_in_the_performance
USING LANGUAGE
Readingdiscussing and writing
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 1：
1 There will not be enough genetic variation in the group to be able to resist new illnesses
2 It is not a good idea to clone an animal that would live in a zoo because it is not a suitable habitat to develop and increase its numbersThe zoo is not a natural environment for a wild animal
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 2：
Cloning is useful because
·it could find a cure for illnesses that are presently incurable
·it means that endangered species can be preserved
·it could help families who cannot have children of their own
It is a bad thing because
·it might produce monsters
·it might bring back to life creatures that might harm us
·you might be cloned without your knowledge
Listening and speaking
LISTENING TEXT
IS CLONING CRUEL
Xiao Qing(XQ)and Rachel Brown(RB)are discussing whether cloning is cruel to animals or not
RB：Xiao Qingdo you think cloning＇s cruel
XQ：What do you mean by that？The scientists are doing a wonderful jobSoon they may be able to bring people＇s favourite pets back to life
RB：YesI knowBut doesn＇t it seem cruel to you that it took 276 experiments before Dolly was successfully cloned？Think of all those live cells and eggs that died in order for Dolly to be bornI don＇t approve of that
XQ：ButRachelbe reasonableIsn＇t it always like that with a new science？This is the way people learn to do things better
RB：I suppose so—but they also make the animals do such unnatural thingsOne poor cow was made to give birth to a bisonWhat was the poor creature to think when it saw its baby
XQ：I don＇t quite understand why so many people are against cloningI think the scientists need a bit of encouragementThink of the benefitsCloning may be medical science to produce cures for serious illnesses
RB：YesI know and I agree with thatIt＇s just that I don＇t agree with the methods
XQ：Why not
RB：WellI think it＇s a dead endDolly the sheep wasmiddleagedwhen she was born because her DNA came from a middleaged mother．Cloning your grandmother would mean a new baby started life as an old lady
XQ：Really？I never thought of that
RB：And it weakens the speciesCloning means that there＇s less variety in the speciesSo the animals may not be able to resist a particular illness and they might die out
XQ：Oh dearAnd that was just what you and I were trying to avoidIn spite of all thesedon＇t you think scientists would still be able to solve the problems
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 3 4 5
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 2：
Rachel＇s ideas about cloning
Xiao Qing＇s ideas about cloning
1 cruel to animals
1 scientists are doing a wonderful job
2 makes the animals do unnatural things
2 may bring people＇s favourite pets back to life
3 it is adead end
3 problems because it is a new science
4 weakens the species
4 it may provide cures for serious illnesses
练册答案听力原文
Unit 2 Cloning
LISTENING
LISTENING TEXT
IS HUMAN CLONING A GOOD IDEA
Wang Qiao(WQ)is talking to Clare Peters(CP)about human cloning
WQ：What do you think about human cloningClare
CP：I don＇t know what to thinkBut I suppose it＇ll come one of these daysI think there are many problems that nobody has thought of yet
WQ：What do you mean by that
CP：Wella clone will be an exact copy of the original donorRight
WQ：Yesso what
CP：Wellwhat＇s the relationship between the clone and his original donor
WQ：I suppose they must be like one personThe clone is the same as his original donor
CP：Let＇s suppose that you take a baby to a laboratory to be clonedDoes it matter if the laboratory returns you the real baby and one clone or two clones
WQ：Yesit doesBut how could this possibly happen
CP：Wellthe scientists may get confused
WQ：My goodnessSurely they would notice if there is an agegap between the donor and the clone
CP：MaybeWhat if the donor and the clone are very close in age Let us suppose they are both babies
WQ：OK
CP：Let＇s suppose that the laboratory wanted to use the real baby to make more clonesPerhaps they know parents who would like to buy a cloned babyPerhaps this family is unable to have children of their ownSo the laboratory keeps the real baby and sells the clones as they grow
WQ：But that＇s a baby factoryThat＇s not moral at all
CP：I knowand that＇s why it＇s important to get our ideas sorted out nowSo we really have to think about the problems of human cloning
WQ：YesNow I see your pointWe should do something about thisHow about a class discussion？What do you think？(fade out)
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
2 3 4
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3
1 Clare thinks people will want to buy cloned babies if they cannot have babies of their own
2 People have not thought that there may be dishonest laboratories who will produce and sell cloned babies like a baby factory
3 Various answers are possible but each needs a reason to be considered correct
4 Various answers are possible but each needs a reason to be considered correct
USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
procedureassumptionbe bound toresistfrom time to timerestoringshortlyclawsbrought back
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 in time 2 in danger 3 in vain 4 in black pen
5 in favour of 6 In the meantime
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
1 I adore homemade rectangular loaves made with brown flour and nuts
2 He is very conservativeand is even in favour of a constitution that gives few rights to immigrant voters
3 When the leader of the chorus retired from the operathey held a dinner party for him
4 The media plays an important role in influencing public opinion
5 Don＇t bother about taking down those decorations yetThe Christmas celebrations aren＇t over yet
6 The regulations for cloning animals are very strictHe was unable to continue his experiments
7 Don＇t bother yourself about cloning my pet catI won＇t expect to bring it back to life
8 The people in flooded areas owed a great deal to the PLA soldiers for their rescue work
USING STRUCTURES
☞Answers to Exercise 1：
1 C 2 E 3 AF 4 B 5 AF 6 D
The first sentence does not contain an appositive clausebut an objective clause
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 that they should buy a new car
2 that they wanted the most expensive one
3 that they would save for six months
4 that Sue＇s uncle had died unexpectedly
5 that she must follow when she inherited money
6 that she should save all her money in the bank
7 that she was doing the right thing to use the money
Appositive clauses：1 3 4
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
Hans Lottethe_exploreris wellknown for his excellent television documentariesHoweverhe does not look like a traditional television hostso many people cannot understand how_he_got_his_jobThe fact that_mountain_climbing_was_so_popular_in_his_hometown_in_Florida encouraged his ambitionIt made him interested in television documentaries that_he_both_could_take_risks_and_earn_a_livingSo he made the decision that_he_would_study_earth_sciences_at_universityLuckily the possibility that_he_spoke_many_languages helped him become a star when the TV company visited Russiahe soon became a regular presenter in front of the camera and viewers began to ask why_he_did_not_make_it_his_careerHe became a great successUnhappily we have heard the news that_he_is_retiring_this_yearbut everybody can still watch his fascinating series on TV
LISTENING TASK
LISTENING TEXT
A DISCUSSION ABOUT CLONING
Billy(B)and Frank(F)are having a discussion about cloning pets
B：You knowFrankI agree with cloningMy mum has a pet dog and she is devoted to herI think if anything happened to this pet she would be very upsetSo we want to keep my mother happy by keeping her pet alive forever
F：What＇s this all about？A little dogSurely you can make your mother happy again in another wayDoes she know what people did before cloning was a possibility
B：Yesand she knows the cloning procedureShe＇s read about the experiments in AmericaThey offer chances for pets to produce their own stem cellsThese stem cells will produce new pets at a very reasonable price
F：Reasonable priceSurely it will be very expensive
B：Wellmy mother is saving money to go to America with the dog just before it diesIf she goes to the laboratorywe＇ll all spend a week in AmericaIf we＇re luckywe＇ll be able to return after a few months with a new dog
F：Now I understandYou just want a holiday trip to Americaand getting a new dog is just an excuse
B：Yes and why not
F：You are encouraging your mother to love her dogso she will want to clone it when it gets oldThen you will take advantage of that to have a good holidayDon＇t you think about the moral problems of cloning
B：NoI don＇tIt＇s fine by meif I can make my mother happy and enjoy myself as wellThat＇s moral too
F：You know what they say about small dogs in Western countriesPeople keep dogs instead of having a real babyIs that the case with your mother
B：Certainly notShe has me after allBut I have to be away from her when I study abroad for my Master＇s degreeShe＇ll need her small dog then
F：I seeNow I know why I don＇t agree with cloning
B：Now you know why I do
☞Answers to Exercise 2：
1 O 2 O 3 F 4 O 5 F 6 O 7 F 8 O 9 O 10 F
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 3：
1 He wants to make his mother happy by keeping her pet dog alive foreverand he also wants to take the chance to America for holiday when the dog is being cloned there
2 Frank doesn＇t agree with cloning because he thinks cloning is very expensive and it has many moral problems
3 Billy＇s mother is in favour of cloningShe is saving money to go to America to have her pet dog cloned just before it dies
4 Various answers are possible
☞Suggested answers to Exercise 4：
Billy＇s arguments for cloning pets
Frank＇s arguments against cloning pets
1 It is moral to make my mother happy
1 It is very expensive to clone a pet
2 It can provide an excuse for a holiday abroad
2 It is selfish because it is an excuse for a holiday
3 My mother will need her pet when I am away
3 It is selfish because it means the student can study abroad without his mother complaining
☞Answers to Exercise 5：
BILLY：Yesand she knows the_cloning_procedureShe＇s read about the experiments_in_America
FRANK：You are encouraging your_mother_to_love_her_dogso_she_will_want_to_clone_it_when_it_gets_oldThen you will take_advantage_of_that_to_have_a_good_holiday
WRITING TASK
☞Sample writing：
Yesterday there was a very exciting debate at Xinjiang Middle School about whether medical cloning should be allowed or notAfter a lively discussion a vote was taken and the side arguing for medical cloning won
The arguments for medical cloning were very strongly put by the team supporting the motionThey argued that serious illnesses and people who were losing their ability to move or think could be helped by medical cloningThey explained that the procedures would be safequick and with no problems for the patientsThey showed that 67 of the people in America supported itTheir arguments were very convincing
The arguments put by the team opposing medical cloning were less strongThey argued in two waysTheir first reason was that the procedures were not yet secureTheir second reason was that it took many tries and many potential animals had to be killed to produce one useable embryo for researchThey explained that more than twenty European countries do not allow medical cloning research because of thisThey quoted Pope John Paul ⅡBut their arguments were not so convincing
At the end of the debatethe audience were left with a feeling of hopeThey realized that diseases that seem terrible today may be able to be cured soonMany people were excited and happy when they left the hallThe writer of this article was among them
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