2015高考英语试题分类解析-社会生活、说理议论类


12015·湖北卷A
I see you’ve got a bit of water on your coat said the man at the petrol station Is it raining out thereNo it’s pretty nice I replied checking my sleeve Oh right A pony(马驹) bit me earlier
As it happened the bite was virtually painless more the kind of small bite you might get from a naughty child The pony responsible was queuing up for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor and perhaps thought I’d jumped in ahead of him
The reason why the ponies here are naughty is that Haytor is a touristheavy area and tourists are constantly feeding the ponies foods despite sighs asking them not to By feeding the ponies tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car and make them harder to gather during the area’s annual pony drift(迁移)
The purpose of a pony drift is to gather them up so their health can be checked the baby ones can be stooped from feeding on their mother’s milk and those who’ve gone beyond their limited area can be returned to their correct area Some of them are also later sold in order to limit the number of ponies according to the rules set by Natural England
Three weeks ago I witnessed a small neardisaster a few mils west of here While walking I noticed a pony roll over on his back Hello I said to him assuming he was just rolling for fun but he was very still and as I got closer I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily I began to properly worry about him Fortunately I managed to get in touch with a Dartmoor’s Livestock Protection officer and send her a photo The officer immediately sent a local farmer out to check on the pony The pony had actually been trapped between two rocks The farmer freed him and he began to run happily around again
Dartmoor has 1000 or so ponies who play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area Many people are working hard to preserve these ponies and trying to come up with plans to find a sustainable(持续) future for one of Dartmoor’s most financiallytroubled elements
51Why are tourists asked not to feed the ponies
A To protect the tourists from being bitten
B To keep the ponies off the petrol station
C To avoid putting the ponies in danger
D To prevent the ponies from fighting
52One of the purposes of the annual pony drift is ______________
A to feed baby ponies on milk
B to control the number of ponies
C to expand the habitat for ponies
D to sell the ponies at a good price
53What as the author’s first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back
A He freed it from the trap
B He called a protection officer
C He worried about it very much
D He thought of it as being naughty
54What does the author imply about the preservation of Dartmoor’s ponies
A It lacks people’s involvement
B It costs a large amount of money
C It will affect tourism in Dartmoor
D It has caused an imbalance of species

考点定位夹叙夹议文阅读
名师点睛夹叙夹议文年高考常涉类文体文章方面叙述事情方面事情加评类文章般先提出点然事例说明点出结者边叙述事情边事情加分析评文章段句概括性话点明题叙述议机结合起中叙议基础议叙渗透延伸考生注意通读全文基础弄清文章结构阅读时重点放议部分该部分表达作者观点法文章精髓理解作者观点法握全文容文难度通作者马亲密接触介绍英国达特穆尔荒原淘气矮种马散发出浓浓英伦风
22015·湖北卷C[源学*科*网]
Hilversum is a mediumsized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland the Netherlands Unlike most of the Netherlands Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand Once called the Garden of Amsterdam it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness For Dutch people Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries and modern architecture
In history Hilversum was largely an agricultural area Daily life was marked by farming sheep raising and wool production A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum They build themselves large villas (墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum But the textile boom lasted only several decades The last factory closed in the 1960s
The change to a media economy started in 1920 when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum Most radio stations called in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town Television gave another push to the local economy Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town
In the early 1900s modern architcts WM Dudok and J Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum Dudok alone shaped most 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings in 19281931 It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of blocks Actually one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or
biking the WM Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum
59Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______
A it has a large population
B it is cut off from big cities
C it has many beautiful gardens
D it is in a hilly area with sandy soil
60What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum
A Building a railway link to Amsterdam
B Helping its textile industry to develop
 C Constructing large villas for the poor
D Assisting its agricultural industry
61The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______
A a radio factory
B the medial capital
C a radio station
D a TV station
62What is known about WM Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall
A It consists of approximately 75 buildings
B It looks like an open air museum in the city
C It is a classic example in architecture textbooks
D It has shaped most of 20th century Hilvesum
解析
试题分析：文篇说明文介绍荷兰Hilversum区貌特征工业发展现代建筑
59 D细节理解题根首段第二句Unlike most of the Netherlands Hilversum is actually a hilly area …知Hilversum荷兰方处属沙土丘陵带选D项
60B细节理解题根第二段倒数第三句They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum知BrennikmeijersHilversum 纺织业做出巨贡献选B项
61A细节理解题根第三段首句The change to a media economy started in 1920 … established a radio factory in Hilversum知Hilversum传媒业兴起兴起家线电厂建立标志选A项
62C推理判断题根段倒数第三四句His master piece… It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks知W M Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall建筑教科书中典范选C项
考点定位说明文阅读
名师点睛说明文实语言客观解释探讨种问题机器制造程然社会现象产生原工程项目规划问题解决方案等介绍然科学社会科学领域新成果社会济发展程中出现新生事物等文短短段囊括荷兰镇Hilversum前世生出名城栩栩生呈现中国读者眼前
32015·湖北卷E
Science has a lot of uses It can uncover laws of nature cure diseases make bombs and help bridges to stand up Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful David Brooks author of The Social Animal The Hidden Sources of Love Characterand Achievement appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation
Brooks gained fame for several books His latest book The Social Animal however is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics The book focuses on big questions What has science revealed about human nature What are the sources of character And why are some people happy and successful while others aren’t
To answer these questions Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科） Considering this you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规) and perhaps unfortunate way Instead of introducing scientific theories he tells a story within which he tries to make his points perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attentionSo as Harold and Erica the hero and heroine in his story live through childhood we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters
On the wholeBrooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired As one would expect his writing is mostly clear and to be fair some chapters stand out above the rest I enjoyed for instance the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to
translate his tale into science
67The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________
A illustrate where science can be applied
B demonstrate the value of Brooks’s new book
C remind the reader of the importance of science
D explain why many writers use science in their works
68According to the author which of the following could be a strength of the book
A Its strong basis
B Its convincing points
C Its clear writing
D Its memorable characters
69What is the author’s general attitude towards the book
A Contradictory
B Supportive
C Cautious
D Critical
70What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph
A Problems with the book
B Brooks’s life experience
C Death of the characters
D Brooks’s translation skills
解析
试题分析：文篇议文文章先列举出科学许功接着指出科学巨诱惑力致许作家抵挡住种诱惑文学作品中运科学Brooks新书The social animal例批判分析书优势足
67D写作意题首段第二句首先列举出科学许功接着指出科学巨诱惑力致许作家抵挡住种诱惑文学作品中运科学选D项
68C推理判断题根段中… his writing is mostly clear and to be fair some chapters stand out above the rest I enjoyed… 知作者认写作思路清晰书优势选C项
69D观点态度题段中链接词while前书优势作者指出足作者部书持批判态度选D项
70 A篇章结构题文章段中链接词while面部分开始谈书存问题紧接着作者应该写足选A项
考点定位议文阅读
名师点睛议说理类文章具特点：1．般提出问题分析问题解决问题方法写作作者般日常生活中热点问题社会重问题读者息息相关问题入手提出问题然分析利弊举例说明推理判断分析问题阐述观点提出办法解决问题2．作者观点情感核心细节推理等方面进行考查3．文章题般生活中热点问题重问题生活息息相关问题等考生应注意抓住作者提出观点出例证出结时理清作诸事例理间观点结间联系握文章结构
42015·北京卷D
Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life mostly for the better However social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes
An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be very or somewhat overlyprotective even after their children move into college dormitories The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate
However greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their adult children
In the context (背景) of this discussion it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their collegeage children frequently would this have been possible Probably not On the other hand does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago Many studies show that older parents today’s grandparents would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier
Furthermore studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new nor are
requests for more money to be sent from home This phenomenon is neither good nor bad it is a fact of college life today and in the past
Thanks to the advanced technology we live in an age of bettered communication This has many implications well beyondthe role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings
67 The surveys inform us of ______
A the development of technology
B the changes of adult children’s behavior
C the parents’ overprotection of their college children
D the means and expenses of students’ communication
68 The writer believes that ______
A parents today are more protective than those in the past
B the disadvantages of new technology outweigh itsadvantages
C technology explains greater parental involvement with theirchildren
D parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayedindependence
69 What is the best title for the passage
A Technology or Attitude
B Dependence or Independence
C Family Influence or Social Changes
D College Management or Communication Advancement
70 Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage

解析
试题分析：父母学成年子女度保护问题例提出科技带改变容易误认态度改变点
67C 细节理解题答案第二段第二句话parents today continues to be very or somewhat overlyprotective even after their children move into college dormitories调查显示现父母孩子学然非常者某种程度度保护子女选C
68C 观点态度题第三段作者提出调查结果理解现家长孩子放手接两段作者述出现种结果真正原科技发展交流手段更丰富成更低廉见第四段句Many studies show that older parents—today’s grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier段更次强调种观点选C
69A旨意题第段第二句话出种科技改变容易误认态度改变第25段讨底科技态度改变第6段次明确表示科技改变选A学科网
70B 文章结构题文章第段introduction第二段第点指出父母子女生活中参度提高现象第三段第二点(关键词However)指出通调查推断出父母未子女放手分点科技进步导致父母子女生活更参分点二(关键词Furthermore)子女济独立导致父母子女生活参段总结选B
考点定位议文类阅读
名师点睛 想读懂议文理解作者写作意图关键否够握议文三素首先点作者述事件基法立场找准点助握文章整体方理解文章题深层涵理清材料容够帮助读者更深层次理解点含义作者组织运手法
52015·北京D
Freedom and Responsibility
Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it
Some 2500 years ago Greece discovered freedom Before that there was no freedom There were great civilizations splendid empires but no freedom anywhere Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses
In Greece in Athens (雅典) a little city in a little country there were no helpless masses And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed and the unwritten which must be obeyed if free men live together They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desertThe Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted A man was free if he was selfcontrolled To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens not because it was forced on him from the outside but because the city was his pride and his safety The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state
But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers It cannot be discovered once for all If people do not prize it and work for it it will go Constant watch is its price Athens changed It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance a spiritual change which affected the whole state It had been the Athenian’ s pride and joy to give to their city That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work Now instead of men giving to the state the state was to give to them What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them and with this as the primary object ideas of freedom and selfreliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had
a right to share
Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility There could be only one result If men insisted on being free from the burden of selfdependence and responsibility for the common good they would cease to be free Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom It is to be had on no other terms Athens the Athens of Ancient Greece refused responsibility she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again
But the excellent becomes the permanent Aristotle said Athens lost freedom forever but freedom was not lost forever for the world A great American James Madison referred to The capacity (力) of mankind for selfgovernment No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind but once man has a great and good idea it is never completely lost The Digital Age cannot destroy it Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime
65 What does the underlined word tyrannies in Paragraph 2 refer to
A Countries where their people need help B Powerful states with higher civilization
C Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom D Governments ruled with absolute power
66People believing in freedom are those who________
A regard their life as their own business B seek gains as their primary object
C behave within the laws and value systems D treat others with kindness and pity
67What change in attitude took place in Athens
A The Athenians refused to take their responsibility
B The Athenians no longer took pride in the city
C The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government
D The Athenians looked on the government as a business
68What does the sentence There could be only one result in Paragraph 5 mean
A Athens would continue to be free
B Athens would cease to have freedom
C Freedom would come from responsibility
D Freedom would stop Athens from selfdependence
69Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison
A The author is hopeful about freedom
B The author is cautious about selfgovernment
C The author is skeptical of Greek civilization
D The author is proud of man’s capacity
70 What is the author’s understanding of freedom
A Freedom can be more popular in the digital age
B Freedom may come to an end in the digital age
C Freedom should have priority over responsibility
D Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility
解析
试题分析：篇历史文化类说明文文章讲述起源演变古代文化形态缺陷数字化世界带挑战
65 D词义猜测题根划线词句子半句one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses知tyrannies指拥绝统治权政府选D项
66C细节理解题根第三段容知雅典生活起够愿法律规定价值体系事起活动选C项
67A细节理解题根第四段容知雅典态度发生改变开始认政府应该劳动付费提供舒适生活律责意识变淡薄选A项
68 B句意理解题根第五段第三句If men insisted on being free from the burden of selfdependence and responsibility for the common good they would cease to be free知唯结果雅典享选B项
69A细节理解题根段第二句Athens lost freedom forever but freedom was not lost forever for the worldAthens was not in the farthest background of his mind but once man has a great and good idea it is never completely lost The Digital Age cannot destroy it知作者没失信心相反充满希选A项
70D观点态度题作者通雅典态度变化出需责保证结选D项
考点定位历史文化类说明文阅读
名师点睛 英语阅读属跨文化交际活动语言素外受中西文化差异影响考生扎实
书知识广泛阅读断提高知识广度意识解文化背景知识关注社会热点样做游刃余
62015·广东B
When I was nine years old I loved to go fishing with my dad But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why He always answered Son if you want to catch a fish you have to think like a fish I remember being even more upset then because I’m not a fish I didn’t know how to think like a fish Besides I reasoned how could what I think influence what a fish does
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant So I read some books on fish And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings I learned that a fish is a coldblooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer Besides water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade Yet fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun huts their eyes… The more I understood fish the more I became effective at finding and catching them
When I grew up and entered the business world I remember hearing my first boss say We all need to think like sales people But it didn’t completely make sense My dad never once said If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman What he said was You need to think like a fish Years later with great efforts to promote longterm services to people much older and richer than me I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers It is not an easy job I will show you how in the following chapters
31 Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine
A He could not catch a fish
B His father was not patient with him
C His father did not teach him fishing
D He could not influence a fish as his father did
32 What did the author’s father really mean
A To read about fish
B To learn fishing by oneself
C To understand what fish think
D To study fishing in many ways
33 According to the author fish are most likely to be found _________
A in deep water on sunny days
B in deep water on cloudy days
C in shallow water under sunlight
D in shallow water under waterside trees
34 After entering the business world the author found _________
A it easy to think like a customer
B his father’s fishing advice inspiring
C his first boss’s sales ideas reasonable
D it difficult to sell services to poor people
35 This passage most likely comes from _________
A a fishing guide
B a popular sales book
C a novel on childhood
D a millionaire’s biography
解析
试题分析：文叙述作者通父亲教授钓鱼时鱼样思考学会钓鱼道理告诉家事商业销售时消费者样思考
31 A细节理解题根第段But that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything I usually got pretty upset 知作者感难捉条鱼选A
32 D推理判断题根The more I understood fish the more I became effective at finding and catching them越解鱼越效找鱼抓住鱼知处父亲意思解钓鱼方法选D
33 D推理判断题根That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water知鱼喜欢浅水里喜欢深水里排AB两项根water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade Yet fish don’t have any eyelids（眼皮）and the sun hurts their eyes知鱼喜欢呆阴凉处喜欢呆阳光直射方排C项D项水边树浅水处鱼喜欢呆方处更发现鱼选D
34 B推理判断题根I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers逐渐解需消费者样思考父亲You need to think like a fish相似父亲话启发选B
35 B推理判断题根It is not an easy job I will show you how in the following chapters份轻松工作面章里展示做推断教授家销售书选B
考点定位事类短文阅读
名师点睛文设计问题推理判断题通贯穿全文You need to think like a fish通讲述钓鱼方法介绍销售技巧充分考查学生语篇理解力文语境理解力第35题具引出文作充分暗示文题
72015·广东D
It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction Each class had unique characteristics
In recent years many writers have begun to speak the ＇decline of class＇ and ＇classless society＇ in Britain And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class
But pronouncing the death of class is too early A recent wideranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences Thus class may not be culturally and politically obvious yet it remains an important part of British society Britain seems to have a love of stratification
One unchanging aspect of a British person＇s class position is accent The words a person speaks tell her or his class A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice Most people said this accent sounded ＇educated＇ and ＇soft＇ The accents placed at the bottom in this study on the other hand were regional（区）city accents These accents were seen as ＇common＇ and ＇ugly＇ However a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice
In recent years however young upper middleclass people in London have begun to adopt some regional accents in order to hide their class origins This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed However the 1995 pop song ＇Common People＇ puts forward the view that though a middleclass person may ＇want to live like common people＇ they can never appreciate the reality of a workingclass life
41 A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain ________
A it is time to end class distinction
B most people belong to middle class
C it is easy to recognize a person’s class
D people regard themselves socially different
42 The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________
A variety
B most people belong to middle class
C authority
D qualification
43 The study in the US showed that BBC English was regarded as _________
A regional
B educated
C prejudiced
D unattractive
44 British attitudes towards accent _________
A have a long tradition
B are based on regional status
C are shared by the Americans
D have changed in recent years
45 What is the main idea of the passage
A The middle class is expanding
B A person’s accent reflects his class
C Class is a key part of British society
D Each class has unique characteristics
解析
试题分析：篇短文讲述英国社会中阶级划分重部分作者短文中介绍两项调查通调查结果英国社会里阶级划分没消失英国社会重部分
41D细节理解题根短文第三段容知关阶级消亡说法英国众进行调查结果发现90然划分定阶层中73认阶级英国社会必少部分知然认社会中区选D
42B词义猜测题根短文第三段容知根项关英国社会阶级否开始消亡调查知绝
数然认英国社会中存阶级英国社会中重部分知英国阶级划分非常热衷stratification划分B选项义词选B
43D细节理解题根第四段中However a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least知美国关英语口音调查结果正英国调查结果相反认方口音吸引BBC英语吸引选D
44D推理判断题根短文段容知In recent years however young upper middleclass people in London have begun to adopt some regional accents见现英国口音态度开始改变选D
45C旨意题篇短文讲述英国社会中阶级划分重部分作者短文中介绍两项调查中项告诉数觉阶级英国社会必少部分项调查关说口音英国美国调查结果正相反说明英国阶级划分根源非常深知C选项：阶级英国社会中重部分符合短文意选C
考点定位文化类短文阅读
名师点睛篇短文介绍英国社会中存阶级划分现象通调查数证话题短文属中难度考查学生语篇理解力词义猜测推理判断概括旨意力学生时英语学中具备说英语国家文化背景知识做题处
82015·陕西D
Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades Other forms of prenatal involvement including volunteering at school and observing a child＇s class also fail to help according to the most recent study on the topic
The findings challenge a key principle of modern parenting(养育子女) where schools except them to act as partners in their children＇s education Previous generations concentrated on getting children to school on time fed dressed and ready to learn
Kaith Robinson the author of the study said I really don＇t know if the public is ready for this but there are some ways parents can be involved in their kids＇ education that leads to declines in their academic performance One of the things that was consistently negative was parents＇ help with homework Robinson suggested that may be because parents themselves struggle to understand the task They may either not remember the material their kids are studying now or in some cases never learnt it themselves but they＇re still offering advice
Robinson assessed parental involvement performance and found one of the most damaging things a parent could do was to punish their children for poor marks In general about 20 of parental involvement was positive about 45 negative and the rest statistically insignificant
Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to get involved because children with good
academic success do have involved parents admitted Robinson But he argued that this did not prove parental involvement was the root cause of that success A big surprise was that AsianAmerican parents whose kids are doing so well in school hardly involved They took a more reasonable approach conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives
58 The underlined expression parental involvement in Paragraph 1 probably means
A parents＇ expectation on children＇s health
B parents＇ participation in children＇s education
C parents＇ control over children＇s life
D parents＇ plan for children＇s future
59 What is the major finding of Robinson＇s study
A Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way
B Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally damaging
C Parental involvement is not so beneficial as expected
D Parents are not able to help with children’s homework
60 The example of AsianAmerican parents implies that parents should
A help children realize the importance of schooling
B set a specific life goal for their children
C spend more time improving their own lives
D take a more active part in school management
解析
试题分析：文章介绍预期父母度参孩子教育未必效果父母应该帮助孩子意识学校教育重性
58句意理解题根第段句子：Other forms of parental involvement including volunteering at school and observing a child’s class知parental involvement指父母参孩子教育选B
59细节理解题根文章第二段句子：but there are some ways parents can be involved in their kids’ education that leads to declines in their academic performance知Robinson研究发现父母参孩子教育没预料效选C
60细节理解题根文章段句子：They took a more reasonable approach conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives知美国父母例子暗示父母应该帮助孩子意识学校教育重性选A
考点定位教育类阅读理解
名师点睛篇文章容学生较熟悉生活密切联系旨意理解篇文章篇幅适中考查细节理解题句意理解题考生通读文章基础注意细节理解难找出答案
92015·四川C
Across Britain burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers But according to a new study we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work Now the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours they would earn as much as＄172000 a year
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do as well as the hours they are working to determine the figure This would make their yearly income ￡30000 more than the Prime Minister earns
By analysing the numbers it found the average mother works 119 hours a week40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime After questioning 1000 mothers with children under 18it found that on most days mums started their routine work at 7am and finished at around 11pm
To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on including housekeeper parttime lawyer personal trainer and entertainer Being a parttime lawyer at ￡4898 an hour would prove to be the most profitable of the mum jobswith psychologist（心理学家）a close second
It also asked mothers about the challenges they face with 80 percent making emotional（情感） demand as the hardest thing about motherhood
Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends
The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day The emotional physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be neverending but children are also sources of great joy and happiness Investing（投入）in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent
38How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister
A￡30000 B￡142000
C￡172000 D￡202000
39The biggest challenge for most mothers is from
A emotional demand B low pay for work
C heavy workload D lack of training
40What is stressed in the last paragraph
A Mothers’importance shows in family all year long
B The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile
C Mothers’devotion to children can hardly be calculated
D Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return
41What can we conclude from the study
A Mothers’working hours should be largely reduced
B Mothers should balance their time for work and rest
C Mothers’labour is of a higher value than it is realised
D Mothers should be freed from housework for social life
解析：篇写母亲节文章母亲节天会母亲做出事束花等等作者认母亲职业值全年关注包含太
38B细节理解题根文章they would earn as much as＄172000 a yearThis would make their yearly income ￡3000 more than the Prime Minister earns知总理工资17200030000142000选择B
39A 细节理解题根文章倒数第三段It also asked mothers about the challenges they face with 80 percent making emotional（情感） demand as the hardest thing about motherhood知选择A
40B 细节理解题根段The emotional physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be neverending but children are also sources of great joy and happiness知选择B指母亲付出牺牲巨值
41C 推理判断题根文章第段But according to a new study we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year知作者认母亲重性应该更关注选择C
考点定位考查说明文阅读
名师点睛篇篇说明文说明母亲职业伟阅读说明文重点读懂说明事理说明文阅读中求考生特注意数字等第38题外需抓住关键词中心词迅速文中进行定位解决细节题3940题文章容解通常题第段出现考生善握题
102015·天津D
Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk I went to a friend He looked at me for a moment and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had Be bold and brave — and mighty (强) forces will come to your aid
Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past it was seldom because I had tried
and failed It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all On the other hand whenever I had plunged into deep water forced by courage or circumstance I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again
Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces They are potential powers we possess energy skill sound judgment creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize
Admittedly those mighty forces are spiritual ones But they are more important than physical ones A college classmate of mine Tim was an excellent football player even though he weighed much less than the average player In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player who had nothing but me between him and our goal line said Tim I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet（子弹） — and stopped him cold
Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight But it can be taught to children and developed in adults Confidence builds up Surely there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life boldness in itself is no guarantee of success But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds
So always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed
51 Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past
A He faced huge risks
B He lacked mighty forces
C Fear prevented him from trying
D Failure blocked his way to success
52What is the implied meaning of the underlined part
A Swallow more than you can digest
B Act slightly above your abilities
C Develop more mysterious powers
D Learn to make creative decisions
53 What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game
A His physical strength B His basic skill
C His real fear D His spiritual force
54 What can be learned from Paragraph 5
A Confidence grows more rapidly in adults
B Trying without success is meaningless
C Repeated failure creates a better life
D Boldness can be gained little by little
55 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A To encourage people to be courageous
B To advise people to build up physical power
C To tell people the ways to guarantee success
D To recommend people to develop more abilities

考点定位议类短文阅读
名师点睛文篇夹叙夹议议文整体难度中等偏考生阅读文首先需找出文章点然找出作者支撑点52题词句猜测题需联系文前句判断字面含义判断54题需抓住段中心句找段落意55题作者写文目需文章整体握选择正确答案
112015·浙江A
From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation When children are little we make them read aloud before the teacher and other children so that we can be sure they know all the words they are reading This means that when they don’t know a word they are going to make a mistake right in front of everyone After having taught fifthgrade classes for four years I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously
One day soon after school had started I said to them Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before I would like you to read a lot of books this year but I want you to read them only for pleasure I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it that’s enough for me Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean
The children sat stunned and silent Was this a teacher talking One girl who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished Then still looking at me she said slowly and seriously Mr Holt do you really mean that I said just as seriously I mean every word of it
During the spring she really astonished me One day she was reading at her desk From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was I said to myself It can’t be and went to take a closer look Sure enough she was reading Moby Dick in edition with woodcuts I said Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going She answered Oh sure but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom isan exciting joyous adventure Find something dive into it take the good parts skip the bad parts get what you can out of it go on to something else How different is our meanspirited picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of understanding that can be dug out of a book
41 According to the passage children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________
A reading little and thinking little
B reading often and adventurously
C being made to read too much
D being made to read aloud before others
42 The teacher told his students to read______
A for enjoyment B for knowledge
C for a larger vocabulary D for higher scores in exams
43 Upon hearing the teacher’s talk the children probably felt that________
A it sounded stupid
B it was not surprising at all
C it sounded too good to be true
D it was no different from other teachers＇ talk
44 Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage
A She skipped over those easy parts while reading
B She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks
C She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books
D She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school
45 From the teacher＇s point of view_________
A children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D reading involves understanding every little piece of information
解析
试题分析：作者认阅读应该种快乐强迫性阅读强调通快乐阅读培养阅读惯
41 D细节理解题 题目意思根文段孩子害怕者喜欢读书____根第段第四行This means that when they don’t know a word they are going to make a mistake right in front of everyone 意意味着知道单词时候会犯错面前犯错会带害怕
42 A 细节理解题 根第二段作者话Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before I would like you to read a lot of books this year but I want you to read them only for pleasure I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it that’s enough for me Also I’m not going to ask you what words meanbut I want you to read them only for pleasure 意现说关阅读事情没听说老师说希读书年想读书乐趣想问问题否理解文章果足够理解喜欢书想读说已足够想问单词意思
里enjoymentenjoypleasure义词答案选A
43 C细节理解题 根The children sat stunned and silent 孩子震惊沉默坐着第三段第四行seriously Mr Holt do you really mean that’出答案老师说话孩子震惊耶奇怪会确定问老师真样？表明学生太相信答案选项it sounded too good to be true意听起太致相信真
44 C细节理解题种题目判断正误题答题时定细心选择错误正确题选择正确意味着3错误正确根第四段句话She answered Oh sure but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part 回答说哦然跳部分继续读部分出答案女孩知道欣赏文章
45 B细节理解题 四选项意思分A孩子阅读时候够区部分部分B应该留学生孩子选择读什读C学校阅读永远会愉快启发性体验D阅读需理解部分信息实根常识判断CD错误然结合全文意作者认孩子应该强迫读读选择材料读
考点定位篇记叙文
名师点睛记叙文文章相言较容易做细节题占数需细心答案文章中找必须选项匹配排终够出佳答案遇答案较接时候尤需细心说41题CD选项两者being made to read实种表达间接说明答案两中选择
122015·浙江B
Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers percentagesand other data A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data
Graphs can seem frightening but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story The graph has a title a main idea and supporting details You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text
Most graphs have a few basic parts a caption or introduction paragraph a title a legend or key and labeled axes An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005) Captions usually summarize the author＇s main point as well The title is very important It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown A legend also called a keyis a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph Many graphs including bar graphs and line graphs have two axes that form a corner Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph Each axis will always have a label The label tells you what each axis measures
Bar Graphs
A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show
amounts In Graph 1 we see that the xaxis shows grades
that students earned and the yaxis shows bow many
students earned each grade You can see that 6 students
earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the
vertical measurement There is a lot of information we can
get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1)
Line Graphs
A line graph looks similar to a bar graph but instead of
Bars it plots points and connects them with a line It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way To read a line graph it’s important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line
segments between the points This type of graph is most
commonly used to show how something changes over time
Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2)
The unit of measurement for the xaxis is days The unit of measurement for the yaxis is kilometers Thus we can see that on the first day the pipit flew 20 kilometers The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2If the line segment angled dawn as between Day 4 and Day 5it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before This line graph is a quick visual way to tell the reader about the bird’s migration
Pie Graphs
A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie The circle is divided into sections and each section represents a fraction of the data The graph is commonly used to show percentages the whole pie represents l00 percent so each piece is a fraction of the whole
A pie graph might include a legendor it might use icons or labels within each slice This pie graph shows on month’s expense (See Graph 3 )
Food 25
Movies 12
Clothing 36
Savings 20
Books 7

46 When used in a grapha legend is_____
A a guide to the symbols and colors B an introduction paragraph
C the main idea D the data
47 What is the total number of students who earned a C or better
A 4 B6 C10 D20
48 The bird covered the longest distance on _____
A Day 1 B Day 2 C Day 3 D Day 4
49 Which of the following cost Amy most
A Food B Books C Movies D Clothing
解析
试题分析：篇说明文介绍图表类型相关作通条形图线形图饼形图介绍学生学会读图运英语解决实际问题
46A 根第三段出答案第三段出现两次legend第次第行a legend or key 第二次第六行A legend also called a keyis a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph 图例称关键指导图中符号颜色答案直接第六行找答案选项表述样a guide to the symbols and colors
47D 根表述In Graph 1 we see that the xaxis shows gradesthat students earned and the yaxis shows bow manystudents earned each grade You can see that 6 studentsearned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on thevertical measurement 图1中X轴显示学生获等级Y轴显示等级学生数
6学生获A延伸6垂直测量出答案外实需文字说明直接图读图出答案C包含ABC中A6 B 10C4答案20
48C 需文字说明直接图读图出答案曲线图出答案Day3
49D需文字说明直接图读图出答案 扇形图出Clothing占例
考点定位说明文
名师点睛初步尝试考查解读图表数力满足考生进步学社会实践需求份阅读然文字容涉少专业术语表达图已说明切需认真读文章读图前必须备注说明说起点少格代表什免出错外种题目涉种学科力说文科政治历史理会常出现图表
132015·浙江D
In 2004 when my daughter Becky was ten she and my husband Joe were united in their desire for a dog As for me I shared none of their canine lust
But why they pleaded Because I don’t have time to take care of a dog But we’ll do itReally You’re going to walk the dog Feed the dog Bathe the dog Yes yes and yes I don’t believe you We will We promise
They didn’t From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppy that first day ) neither thought to walk the dog While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots to schedule her vet appointments to feed and clean her Misty knew this on day one As she looked up at the three new humans in her life (small medium and large) she calculated The medium one is the sucker in the pack
Quickly she and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind meld (心灵融合) She’d look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers beam her need and then wait trusting I would understand — which strangely I almost always did In no time she became my feet as I read and splaying across my stomach as I watched television
Even so part of me continued to resent walking duty Joe and Becky had promised Not fair I’d balk (心甘情愿做) silently as she and I walked Not fair I’ d loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home
Then one day — January 1 2007 to be exact — my husband s doctor uttered an unthinkable word leukemia ( 白血病) With that I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital doing anything and everything I could to ease his discomfort During those six months of hospitalizations Becky 12 at the time adjusted to other adults being in the house when she returned from school My work colleagues adjusted to my
taking off at a moment＇s notice for medical emergencies Every part of my life changed no part of my old routine remained
Save one Misty still needed walking At the beginning when friends offered to take her
through her paces I declined because I knew they had their own households to deal with
As the months went byI began to realize that I actually wanted to walk Misty The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quiet peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day＇s medical drama unfolded The evening walk was a time to shake off the day＇s upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise
When serious illness visits your household it＇s not just your daily routine and your assumptions about the future that are no longer familiar Pretty much everyone you acts differently
Not Misty Take her for a walk and she had no interest in Joe＇s blood counts or ’one marrow test results On the street or in the park she had only one thing on her mind squirrels She Was so joyous that even on the worst days she could make me smile On a daily basis she reminded me that life goes on
After Joe died in 2009Misty slept on his pillow
I＇m gratefulto a point The truth is after years of balking I＇ve come to enjoy m’ walks with Misty As I watch her chase after a squirrel throwing her whole being into the hereandnow of an exercise that has never once ended in victory she reminds me too that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future there＇s almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment
55 why didn＇t the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story
A She was afraid the dog would get the family into trouble
B It would be her business to take care of the dog
C Her husband and daughter were united as one
D She didn＇t want to spoil he’ daughter
56 Which of the following is the closest in meaning to The medium one is he sucker in the pack (Paragraph 3)
A The middleaged person loves me most
B The mediumsized woman is the hostess
C The man in the middle is the one who has the final say
D The woman is the kind and trustworthy one in the family
57 It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_______
A Misty was quite clever
B Misty could solve math problems
C the writer was a slow learner
D no one walked Misty the first day
58 The story came to its turning point when________
A Joe died in 2009
B Joe fell ill in 2007
C the writer began to walk the dog
D the dog tired to please the writer
59 Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in hospital
A Misty couldn’t live without her
B Her friends didn’t offer any help
C The walk provided her with spiritual comfort
D She didn＇t want Misty to ’others companion
60 What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage
A One should learn to enjoy hard times
B A disaster can change everything in life
C Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead
D People will change their attitude toward you when you are in difficulty
解析
试题分析：篇记叙文讲述作者遛狗体验中悟出生活哲理——时生活艰难前途难测生总希快乐
55 B 细节理解题 根第三段第二行While I was slow to accept that I would be the one to keep track of her shots to schedule her vet appointments to feed and clean her作者慢慢意识接父女俩手尾说安排见宠物医生等意味着终顾狗
56 D 猜词题根3单词意思难知道small指作者女 medium指作者woman and large指作者丈夫根文心灵相通难出答案狗认妇女（作者）信心学科网
57 A 推理题根第三段Misty knew this on day one第天知道 she calculated计算
出答案狗非常聪明外根意思排选项BCDB Misty could solve math problems算文章中出现计算词语够出够解答数学题结根常识排C the writer was a slow learner容没提D no one walked Misty the first day选项答案原文第天知道致
58 B 细节理解题根第六段第句话Then one day — January 1 2007 to be exact — my husband s doctor uttered an unthinkable word leukemia ( 白血病) 然2007年1月1日确切说丈夫医生宣布丈夫白血病说明天转折点出答案B
59 C 细节理解题根第八段第二行quiet peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the day’s medical drama unfolded安静安静时间收集想法 切精神安慰答案选择The walk provided her with spiritual comfort散步带心灵安慰
60 C 推理题根文章句话no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future there＇s almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment现困难者难预计总提取快乐方法题易错选A然句话正确篇文章说困难时期享受快乐
考点定位记叙文
名师点睛种记叙文定理清作者思路作者历事情波折初想法想法样说初想养宠物狗狗陪伴体会
142015·重庆B
In ancient Egypt a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment Modern businesses have been following his leadwith more tactics（策略）
One tactic involves where to display the goods Foe example stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food（垃圾食品）later in their trip In department stores section is generally next to the women’s cosmetics(化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe bored customers are likely to wander over cosmetics they might want to try later
Besides businesses seek to appeal to customers’ senses Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day Music sells goods too Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played sales
of French wine went up
When it comes to the selling of houses businesses also use highly rewarding tactics They find that customers make decision in the first few second upon walking in the door and turn it into a business opportunity A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly When entering the house the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows and then the poll through an open stairway leading to the lower level The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these 10 million houses
40 Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section
A To save customers times
B To show they are high quality foods
C To help sell junk food
D To sell them at discount prices
41 According to Paragraph 3 which of the following encourages customers to buy[源学+科+网]
A Opening the store early in the morning
B Displaying British wines next to French ones
C Inviting customers to play music
D Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread
42 What is the California builder’s story intended to prove
A The house structure is a key factor customers consider
B The more costly the house is the better it sells
C An ocean view is much to the customers’ taste
D A good first impression increases sales
43 What is the main purpose of the passage
A To explain how businesses turn people into their customers
B To introduces how businesses have grown from the past
C To report researches on customer behavior
D To show dishonest business practices
解析
试题分析 文解释什水果放店里显眼位置目促进面商业交易
40C 推断题根第二段提they know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that
they will buy some more junk food later in their trip够稍卖出垃圾食品选C项
41D 推断题根第三段提Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day知烤面包味道促进购物面包味充满着整商店选D项
42D 推断题根段提When entering the housethe customer would see the Pacific Ocean throught the windows and the the pool throught an open stairway leading to the lower level The instant of water on both levels helped sell these 10million houses进入房间窗外太洋游泳池时销售业绩会增长选D项
43A 推断题文解释什水果放店里显眼位置目促进面商业交易选A项
考点定位社会生活类阅读
名师点睛社会生活类阅读数细节理解推断题考生握题干意准备定位找相关信息注意文章中汉语注释紧张 while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe bored customers are likely to wander overcosmeticsthey might want to try later词意忽视影响文章整体理解
152015·重庆C
Join the discussion…

LakeLander ·2 hours ago
Today a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading making many passengers upset I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaperoutloudonthetrain Ihave never had the courage to do it though
Pak50 ··· ·57 minutes ago
Why not give it a try Perhaps you should take lessons on a
musical instrument The late musician Dennis Brian is said to have
asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio When his
request was refused he took out his French horn(号) and started
to practice
Angie O’Edema·42 minutes ago
I don’t see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public Don’t do to others what you wouldn’t like to be done to yourself Once a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone I left my seat quietly giving him some privacy to finish his conversation He realized this and apologised to me When his phone rang again later he left his seat to answer it You see a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better
Taodas ·29 minutes ago
I did read my newspaper out loud on a train and it turned out well The guy took it in good part and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh
Sophie 76 ·13minutes ago
I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train but several years ago I read some chapters from Harry Porter to my bored and noisy children Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did
44 The passenger made an apology to Angie O’Edema because____
A he offered his seat to someone else
B he spoke very loudly on his phone
C he refused to talk with Angie
D he ignored Angie’s request
45 Who once read a newspaper out loud on a train
A Pak50 B Angie O’Edema C Taodas D Sophie76
46 What is the discussion mainly about
A How to react to bad behavior B How to kill time on a train
C How to chat with strangers D How to make a phone call
47 Where is the passage most probably taken from
A A webpage B A newspaper C A novel D A report
解析
试题分析 讲述Lake Lander坛描述遇文明现象众发表关历
文明现象描述法
44B 推断题根第三段提Once a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone I left my seat quietly giving him some privacy to finish his conversation He realized this and apologised to me 知火车声讲电话道歉选B项
45C 细节理解题根倒数第二段提I did read my newpaper out loud on a train知Taodas火车声读报纸选C项
46A 旨意文文明行做出反应讨选A项
47A 推断题文篇社会现象讨根出现讨时间彼隔开时间长知网络选A项
考点定位社会现象类阅读
名师点睛文坛截取关文明现象讨难度中等注意题干提问方式找问题切入点容易出答案第44题中题干中运made an apology to文章中运apologised to注意时词汇积累会类题目更目标性47题中提文章源根段落设计格式显示时间问题推断出网络坛注意扩阅读范围加运网络局限文体
162015·重庆E
The values of artistic works according to cultural relativism(相义) are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions Such a view however fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries
History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries Unique works of this kind are different from today’s popular art even if they began as works of popular art They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future
In a 1757 essay the philosopher David Hume argued that becausethe general principles of taste are uniform(变) in human naturethe value of some works of art might be essentially permanent He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years Works of this type he believed spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art For example evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist
52 According to the passage what do we know about cultural relativism
A It introduces different cultural values
B It explains the history of artistic works
C It relates artistic values to local conditions
D It excites the human mind throughout the world
53 In Paragraph 2 the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____
A great works of art can go beyond national boundaries
B history gives art works special appeal to set them apart
C popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts
D great artists are skilled at combining various cultures
54 According to Hume some works of art can exist for centuries because_____
A they are results of scientific study
B they establish some general principles of art
C they are created by the world’s greatest artists
D they appeal to unchanging features of human nature
55 Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage
A Are Artistic Values Universal B Are Popular Arts Permanent
C Is Human Nature Uniform D Is Cultural Relativism Scientific
解析
试题分析 文说明文介绍根文化相义艺术作品永恒受欢迎原类审美具性展开说明
52C 推断题根第段第句话知根相义艺术作品艺术价值社会济条件结合块选C项
53A 推断题根第二段提第二行第三行提知会莫扎特日音乐进行较正日
画作巴黎画廊进行较艺术作品没国界选A项
54D 推断题根第三段第句话提知Davide辩风格原没变化艺术会永生选D项
55A 题标题文相角度说艺术价值反应时社会济作者提出观点选A项
考点定位文化类阅读
名师点睛文章容较简单集中考查细节题类题型考生首先问题中找关键词然线索运略读查阅技巧文中迅速寻找细节找部分容仔细阅读遍仔细较选项文中细节细微区525354三道题分属第段第二段第三段递进原定位段落较容易题属旨标题握整体提取中心阅读理解整体说目标性较强
172015·安徽C
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information are people remember less If you know your computer will save information why store it in your own personal memory your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how
In a recent study Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory In the first experiment they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer The first group of people understood thatthe computer would save the information The second group understood that the computer would not save it Later the second group remembered the information better People in the first group knew they could find the information again so they did not try to remember it
In another experiment the researchers gave people facts to remember and told them where to find the information on the Internet The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹) Surprisingly people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts When people use the Internet they do not remember the information Rather they remember how to find it This is called transactive memory (交互记忆)
According to Sparrow we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet Instead computer users are developing stronger transactive memories that is people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date This doesn＇t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing
64 The passage begins with two questions to ______
A introduce the main topic B show the author＇s altitude
C describe how to use the Interne D explain how to store information[源ZxxkCom]
65 What can we learn about the first experiment
A Sparrow＇s team typed the information into a computer
B The two groups remembered the information equally well
C The first group did not try to remember the formation
D The second group did not understand the information
66 In transactive memory people ______
A keep the information in mind B change the quantity of information
C organize information like a computer D remember how to find the information
67 What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow＇s research
A Weare using memory differently B We arebecoming more intelligent
C We have poorer memories than before D We need a better way to access information[源学|科|网Z|X|X|K]
答案
64 A
65 C
66 D
67 A
解析
试题分析：文章讲互联网类记忆带影响互联网者越越赖互联网储存信息样做否会丧失记忆事物力呢？专家怀疑互联网正改变记忆容记忆方式
64 A 写作意图题根第段Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how知作者两问句引出讨话题
65 C 细节理解题根第二段People in the first group knew they could find the information again so they did not try to remember it知答案
66 D 细节理解题根倒数第二段Rather they remember how to find it This is called transactive memory (交互记忆)知交互记忆里记样找信息
67 A 细节理解题根段but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing知互联网记忆产生影响改变记忆力方式
考点定位心理类短文阅读
名师点睛般说举例目引出讨话题例子面找总结性话语Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how举例意图三道题属细节理解题直接文章找提示性语句道题定难度需进行推理排
182015·安徽E
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust Food can also have a specific meaning and play a significant role in a family or culture＇s celebrations or traditions The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村) and urban areas within one country
Sharing bread whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table is a common symbol of togetherness Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations In the southern United States pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year In Greece people share a special cake called vasilopita A coin is put into the cake which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child and food can play a significant role In China when a baby is one month old families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving redcolored eggs to guests In many cultures round foods such as grapes bread and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity
Nutrition is necessary for life so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world
72 According to the passage sharing bread______
A indicates a lack of food B can help to develop unity
C is a custom unique to rural areas D has its roots in birthday celebrations
73 What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year
A Trust B Success C Health D Togetherness
74 The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______
A using examples B making comparisons
C analyzing causes D describing processes
75 What is the passage mainly about
A The custom of sharing food B The specific meaning of food
C The role of food in ceremonies D The importance of food in culture
答案
72 B
73 B
74 A
75 D
解析
试题分析：文章讲食物文化关系文化里包含着饮食传统庆祝方式食物通两种基方式扮演着沟通角色
72 B 细节理解题根第段Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust知分享食物促进团结建立信
73 B 细节理解题根第三段A coin is put into the cake which signifies (预示) success in the New Year知硬币预示着年成功
74 A 细节理解题根倒数第二段In China when a baby is one month oldIn many cultures round foods知作者举例方法解释食物庆祝中角色
75 D 旨意题根第段and play a significant role in a family or culture＇s celebrations or traditions第四段Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate段food is such an important part of different cultures around the world知文章讲食物文化中作
考点定位社会类短文阅读
名师点睛篇题目设置考查考生细节理解力文章意握做细节理解题需快速文章中找信息第四题旨意题考生容易误选A项A项太片面文章前两段讲容
192015·湖南A
Forget Cyclists Pedestrians are Real Danger

We are having a debate about this topic Here are some letters from our readers
■Yes many cyclists behave dangerously Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders
People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone quite unaware of what is going on around them They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere The rest of us have to evade (避) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision
The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be at least for the moment in worlds of their own that are to them much more important than the welfare of others
——Michael Horan
■I love the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints May 29) I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads
I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me
The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used
The police do nothing What a laugh they are
The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets fluorescent (发荧光) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them
——Carol Harvey
■Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians) ride at speed along the pavements and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red
I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him
Other road users including horse riders manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists
It＇s about time they had to be registered and insured so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle or cause an accident at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim

——JML
Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper

56Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _______
A drivers should be polite to cyclists
B road accidents can actually be avoided
C sine pedestrians are a threat to road safety
D walking while using phones hurts one＇s eyes
57Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should _______
A be provided with enough roads
B be asked to ride on their own lanes
C be made to pay less tax for cycling
D be fined for laughing at policemen
58What is a complaint of JML
A Very few drivers are insured
B Cyclists ride fast on pavements
C Pedestrians go through red traffic lights
D Horse riders disrespect other road users
59The underlined word they in the third letter refers to ______
A accidents B vehicles
C pedestrians D cyclists
60The three letters present viewpoints on _______
A real source of road danger
B ways to improve road facilities
C measures to punish road offences
D increased awareness of road rules
答案
56．C
57．B
58．B
59．D
60．A
解析
试题分析：文围绕题展开场争——谁马路安全隐患威胁
56．C细节理解题根第段中句话：But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders(路更严重罪犯)知Michael Horan观点路道路安全存威胁选C
57．B细节理解题根第八段开头：The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets知Carol Harvey建议骑行车应该应该走车道骑选B
58．B细节理解题根倒数第四段第句话：Cyclists jump on and off pavements(which are meant for pedestrians)ride at speed along the pavement and think they have special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red知JML抱怨骑行车骑太快道路安全产生隐患选B
59．D细节推理题段说：It’s about time they had to be registered and insured so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle or cause an accident at least they can be tranced and there might be an opportunity to claimJML希行车拥者登记撞行者车辆制造出车祸时候够追查They指cyclists选D
60．A旨意提根文章标题读者信难发现篇文章围绕底谁（行车者行）道路安全存隐患选A学科网
考点定位社会现象类短文阅读
名师点睛文考查社会现象类短文阅读求考生根作者细节描述掌握社会现象起结果影响然做题进行纳篇文章旨出议题出讨意见法求学生够通字里行间细节描写找出议题想法例第段第二句：But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders出Michael Horan法方便做出第56题做种文章时定抓住表达作者者态度观点句子
202015·湖南C
Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly Imagine having your entire houses garage and yard inspected at any time with no warning Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living and a keeper＇s reputation depended on results A few times each year an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station The inspections were supposed to be a surprise but keeper sometimes had advance notice
Once lighthouses had telephones keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching After boats began flying special flags nothing the inspector aboard the keeper＇s family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first As soon as someone spotted the boat everyone would do lastminute tidying and change into fancy clothes The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust
Despite the serious nature of inspections they resulted in some funny moments Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection At the time people did not have dishwashers in their homes In an effort to clean up quickly Mrs Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan covered them with a cloth and stuck them in the oven If the inspector opened the oven door it would look like bread was baking he never did
One day Glenn Furst＇s mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house Like floor wax the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood This time though she used a little too much oil When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn＇s mother he slipped on the freshly oiled surface He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight Glenn late wrote After he steadied himself he shook Glenn＇s mother＇s hand and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened
66What does Paragraph I tell us about the inspection at the light station
A It was carried out once a year
B It was often announced in advance
C It was important for the keeper＇s fame
D It was focused on the garage and yard
67The family began making preparations immediately after ______
A one of the members saw the boat
B a warning call reached the lighthouse
C the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap
D the inspector flew special flags in the distance
68Mrs Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would ______
A result in some fun
B speed up washing them
C make her home look tidy
D be a demand from the inspector
69If the inspector had opened the oven door he would have seen _______
A an empty pan
B many clean dishes
C pieces of baked bread
D a cloth covering something
70The inspector waved his arms ______
A to try his best to keep steady
B to show his satisfaction with the floor
C to extend a warm greeting to Glenn＇s mother
D to express his intention to continue the inspection
答案
66．C
67．A
68．C
69．D
70．A
解析
试题分析文讲述利种方法应巡视员突袭
66．C细节理解题根第段倒数第四行倒数第三行：and a keeper’s reputation depended on the results（守名声取决结果坏）知选C
67．A细节理解题根第二段第三句话：As soon as someone spotted the boat everyone would do lastminute tidying and change into fancy clothes知建庭成员中旦发现船全家开始快速准备选A
68．C细节理解题根倒数第二段第二句话Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection 知没时间检查前洗碗MrsByrnes碗丢进烤箱避免inspector发现选C
69．D细节理解题根倒数第二段倒数第三行：MrsByrnes toss all the dishes into a big bread pan covered them with a cloth and stuck them in the oven知inspector开烤箱时候会块盖着布某物
选D
70．A细节推理题根段倒数第三行：After he steadied himself he shook Glenn’s mother’s hand and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened知inspector挥动着双手保持衡选A
考点定位社会生活类短文阅读
名师点睛社会生活类文章相言较容易做细节题占数需细心注意事情发展先序发展情节理清作者思路出答案时找出原句时需理解根前文推断进行选项匹配排终出佳答案
212015·新课标全国IIC
More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university It used to be the year off between school and university The gapyear phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year
This year 25310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS)
That is a record 147 increase in the number of students taking a gap year Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with and complete their chosen course Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible he said
But not everyone is happy Owain James the president of the National Union of Students (NUS) argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to￡15000 in debt It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree NUS statistics show that over 40 of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90 during vacating periods he said
29 What do we learn about the gap year from the text
A It is flexible in length
B It is a time for relaxation
C It is increasingly popular
D It is required by universities
30 According to Tony Higgins students taking a gap year ____
A are better prepared for college studies
B know a lot more about their future job
C are more likely to leave university in debt
D have a better chance to enter top universities
31 How does Owain James feel about the gapyear phenomenon
A He’s puzzled
B He’s worried
C He’s surprised
D He’s annoyed
32What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics
A Attend additional courses
B Make plans for the new term
C Earn money for their education
D Prepare for their graduate studies
答案
29 C
30A
31 B
32C
解析
试题分析：文提学学费高学生学学前先挣钱然学学样处学生更珍惜学时光更成熟责感带思考
29C 推理判断题短文第段More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university知间隔年学生前第三段第句话That is a record 147 increase in the number of students taking a gap year知体验间隔年数量升147说明越越受欢迎选C
30A 细节理解题名定位短文第三段Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with and complete their chosen course Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible he said第三段说优点间隔年学会更成熟责感学学帮助选A
31B 细节理解题根文章段But not everyone is happy 然提OwainOwain James the president of the National Union of Students (NUS) argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship证明学生难…more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree
说越越学生会gap year期间挣学费选B
32 C细节理解题根文章句话知：NUS statistics show that over 40 of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90 during vacating periods 数表明40学生学校兼职90学生假期工挣学费
考点定位社会社会类短文阅读
名师点睛题学生做兼职专职挣钱话题通相关数分析知学学生学费学生活带深刻影响考生应关注社会生活方面文章更理解文章解决相关问题
222015·福建A
Food festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations but the 2000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include checsc rolling in their annual plans Teams of fourdressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes roll a complete cheese along a 50metre course On the way they must not kick or throw their cheese or go into their competitors＇ lane Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones) All the
competitors arc served with beer or port wine the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese
Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10000 people head for the city of Albuquerque New Mexico They come from as far away as Australia the Caribbean and China but they all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy but hot enough to make your mouth burn your head spin and your eyes water Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March You might like to try a chocolatecovered habanero pepper—officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show But one thing＇s for sure—if you don＇t like the feeling of a burning tongue this festival isn＇t for you
La Tomatina—The World＇s Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatina—the world＇s largest food fight A weeklong celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week＇s events The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fightstarters get things going by casting
tomatoes at the
crowd
The battle lasts little more than half an hour in which time around 50000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves runs or fights back Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a muchneeded wash
56 In the Stilton cheese rolling competition competitors on each team must
A wear various formal clothes
B roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C kick or throw their cheese
D use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
57Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held
A In New Mexico B In the Caribbean C In Australia D In China
58The celebration of La Tomatina lasts
A three days B seven days C less than three days D more than seven days
59Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine
BMore than 10000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival
C Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival
D An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina
解析
试题分析：文篇说明文分讲述英国新墨西哥巴西关食物传统节日
56B细节理解题根第段第二句Teams of fourdressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes roll a complete cheese along a 50metre course知道四队伍穿着滑稽搞笑服装50米路程中卷完整奶酪面倒数第二句括号里面容 but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones奶酪木头选B
57A细节理解题根第二段第句Every year more than 10000 people head for the city of Albuquerque New Mexico知道新墨西哥发生事情段落中第三句Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival知道新墨西哥参加Fiery food festival选A
58B细节理解题根文章第三段第二句A weeklong celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week＇s events知道西红柿战西班牙节日持续时间周选B
59C细节理解题根文章第二段倒数第二破折号面文字or any one of the thousands of products that are on show知道意品尝展出千种食物选C
考点定位说明文阅读
名师点睛说明文文章相言较容易做细节题占数需细心答案文章中找必须选项匹配排终够出佳答案遇答案较接时候尤需细心选项会迷惑性需考生认真判断
232015·福建D
Life can be so wonderful full of adventure and joy It can also be full of challenges setbacks and heartbreaks Whatever our circumstances we generally still have dreams hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem because when we go to change the way we do things up come the old patterns and pitfalls that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place
This tension between what we feel we can have and what wre＇re seemingly able to have is the niggling suffering the anxiety we feel This is where we usually think it＇s easier to just give up But we＇re never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us It＇s the part that believes in life and its possibilities If you drop that you begin to feel a little dead inside because you＇re dropping you
So if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck how do we break these patterns
Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today＇s challenges
While deep down we know we can do it our mind—or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can＇t
That isn＇t a reason to stop it＇s just the mind that little man or woman on your shoulder trying to talk you out of something again It has done it many times before It＇s all about starting simple and doing it now
Decide and act before overthinking When you do this you may feel a little or large release from the jail of your mind and you＇ll be on your way
68It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should
Aslow down and live a simple life
Bbe careful when we choose to change
Cstick to our dreams under any circumstances
Dbe content with what we already have
69What is the key to breaking the old patterns
A To focus on every detailB To decide and take immediate action
C To listen to those close to us D To think twice before we act
70Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph
A Escape from your punishmentB Realization of your dreams
C Freedom from your tension D Reduction of your expectations
71What does the author intend to tell us
AIt＇s easier than we think to get what we want
B It＇s important to learn to accept sufferings in life
C It＇s impractical to change our way of thinking
D It＇s harder than we expect to follow a new course
解析
试题分析：文篇说明文作者介绍想放弃时候改变种模式种方法重新选择目标迅速作出决定
68C细节理解题文章第段第三句Whatever our circumstances we generally still have dreams hopes and desires说什情况然着梦想希欲第二段句If you drop that you begin to feel a little dead inside because you＇re dropping you果放弃会变生机放选C
69B细节理解题根倒数第三段第句Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time知道破旧格局需决定新目标立刻做出决定选B
70C分析推断题根划线句子知意逃出心牢笼结合文中思考前快速决定行动推测划线句子指考虑焦虑中解放选C
71A分析推断题全文作者想强调果断行动空想实现梦想欲选A起想成功行动更加容易
考点定位说明文阅读
名师点睛说明文文章更相言较容易做答案文章中找者通文中线索
分析出必须选项进行分析匹配排终够出佳答案结合文中联系掌握段意做题会太难
242015·福建E
Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain a healthy lifestyleGroup exercise is challenging yet fun and empowering Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the bodyHowever studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups it＇s not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health It＇s an opportunity to be social release endorphins and improve your strength Additionally group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructorMany people fear the gym because they feel lost and don＇t want to embarrass themselves If you feel you can relate then group training is an even better option for you It＇s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision (Hu) of a fitness instructor If you＇re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that＇ll keep your workout on track Don＇t let
fitness frighten you
If you＇re serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle it＇s extremely important to surround yourself with people who＇ll provide you with the proper emotional support I wouldn＇t scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn＇t expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health Surround yourself with people who uplift encourage and understand you Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class with a friend Plan to go for a jog together Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar Fitness can be both fun and social
Surrounding yourself with people who＇ll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals First decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive Don＇t let negativity ruin your motivation
72 The first paragraph focuses on
A the greatest challenge of group exercise
B the most effective way to improve physical fitness
C the contribution of group exercise to psychological health
D the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups
73 The underlined word upbeat in the second paragraph probably means
A cheerful B average C serious D temporal*)＇
74When it comes to emotional support the author thinks it necessary
A to sustain a colorful lifestyle
B to party on weekends with positive people
C to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly
D to surround yourself with supportive people
75 What would be the best title for the passage
A Seeking Support B Supporting Health
C Improving Your Strength D Building Up Fitness
解析
试题分析：文篇说明文介绍团体运动处起运动交流获支持够形处
72C细节题根文章第句Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain a healthy lifestyle团体运动项效增加身体健康保持健康生活方式选C
73A分析推断题划线短语句子参加upbeat集体健康课会正确锻炼前半句if you＇re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored if引导条件句意思假健身房游荡感心烦觉浪费时间单词应该浪费时间心烦相反意思选A
74D细节理解题根段第句Surrounding yourself with people who＇ll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals健康目标锻炼时候够尊敬支持起益处选D
75B分析推断题文章容说团体运动处团体运动包含处家起运动仅生理会处团成员会支持教练会信息支持选B
考点定位说明文阅读
名师点睛说明文文章更相言较容易做答案文章中找者通文中线索分析出必须选项进行分析匹配排终够出佳答案结合文中联系
掌握段意做题会太难
252015·新课标全国IB
The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota Florida my bags were packed before you could say sunshine I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C) thinking of beaches and orange trees When we touched down to blue skies and warm air I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness Swimming pools wine tasting and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend but the best part particularly to my taste dulled by months of cold weather root vegetables was a 7 am adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call
The market which was founded in 1979 sets up its tents every Saturday from 700 am to 1 pm rain or shine along North Lemon and State streets Baskets of perfect red strawberries the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck and most of all the tomatoes amazing large soft and round red tomatoes
Disappointed by many a broken vineripened(蔓成熟) promise I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years No matter how attractive they look in the store once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry hard and tasteless But I homed in with uncertainty on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist These were the real deal and at that moment I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months
Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton where luckily for me I was planning to have dinner that very night Without even seeing the menu I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it
24 What did the author think of her winter life in New York
A Exciting B Boring
C Relaxing D Annoying
25 What made the author’s getting up late early worthwhile
A Having a swim
B Breathing in fresh air
C Walking in the morning sun
D Visiting a local farmer’s market
26 What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter
A They are soft
B They look nice
C They taste great
D They are juicy
27 What was the author going to that evening
A Go to a farm
B Check into a hotel
C Eat in a restaurant
D Buy fresh vegetables
答案
24 B [源学#科#网]
25 D
26 B
27 C
解析
试题分析：文章讲述作者生活冬天寒冷纽约佛罗里达州萨拉索塔周机会作者里体验完全冬天
24 B推理判断题根文章第段第句The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter推测出作者纽约冬天生活令厌烦选B
25 D 细节理解题根文章第段句dulled by months of cold weather root vegetables was a 7 am adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call知作者早7点农产品市场意义知选D
26 B 推理判断题根文章第三段第二句No matter how attractive they look in the store once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry hard and tasteless知纽约西红柿商店里起吸引知选B
27 C 推理判断题根文章段尤倒数第二句知作者晚计划餐馆吃饭点西红柿选C
考点定位记叙类短文阅读
名师点睛文篇记叙类短文整体难度中等难度较2426题学生容易判断错误需通定推理判断正确学生首先倒数第二段句判断出作者原生活纽约理解第段第句描述纽约第26题考生根作者前面描述文字判断真正答案段文字描述判断求考生做类阅读时注意前间联系选择答案时切偏概全
262015·海A
Look to many of history’s cultural symbols and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty the snowman in the movie Frozen It appeared on some of the first postcards starred in some of the earliest silent movies and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos dating all the way back to the 1800s I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world
For example snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages built with great skill and thought At a time of limited means of expression snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art Some were created by famous artists including a 19yearold Michelangelo who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence Italy to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard
The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing works called the Winter of Death The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner Some were political in nature criticizing the church and government Some were a reflection of people’s imagination For the people of Brussels this was a defining moment of defining freedom At least until spring arrived by which time they were dealing with damaging floods
If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed don’t worry I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today Every year since 1818 the people of Zurich Switzerland celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman On the third Monday of April the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40foot pile of firewood After the bells of the Church of St Peter have rung six times representing the passing of winter the pile is lit When the snowman explodes winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down the longer summer is said to be
66 According to the passage why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages
A People thought of snow as holy art supplies
B People longed to see masterpieces of snow
C Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves
D Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought
67 The heyday of the snowman （paragraph 4） means the time when___________
A snowmen were made mainly by artists
B snowmen enjoyed great popularity
C snowmen were politically criticized
D snowmen caused damaging floods
68 In Zurich the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________
A the start of the parade
B the coming of a longer summer
C the passing of the winter
D the success of tradesmen
69 What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage
A They were appreciated in history
B They have lost their value
C They were related to movies
D They vary in shape and size
答案
66 C
67 B
68 C
69 A
解析
试题分析：文讲述历史文化标志：雪
66 C 细节理解题 根第二段第二句 At a time of limited means of expression snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky 时表达方式方法限雪天种艺术 说明雪流行种表达方式关键词expressmeans way 义
67 B 细节理解题 根黑体字面容has passed don’t worry I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today 已担心：解历史雪现然制造表明担心现没样东西换句话说现流行答案B
68 C 细节理解题 根celebrate the beginning of spring …庆祝春天开始知道答案应该冬天春天开始答案C
69 A 推理题根文章第句话look to many of history’s cultural symbols回顾许历史文化标志外整篇文章出现history结合文知道答案A （雪历史受欣赏）外根排法排选项B选项价值现然存表达错误C选项雪确电影关答案通文章出D选项文章中没提容
考点定位 篇说明文
名师点睛 细节题占数需细心答案文章中找答案设问容附外通排法选项匹配排终出佳答案遇答案较接时候尤需细心
272015·海C
One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a daylong leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar Brutus was not an honorable man he said He was a traitor（叛徒） And he murdered someone in cold blood The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him He made a bad decision they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind Caesar was nevertheless his superior You have to endeavor the executives said our policy is to obey the chain of command
During the last few years business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman wellknown advisers to the White House who started up a training company called Movers and Shakespeares They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually focusing on half a dozen different plays mostly for corporations but also for government agencies
The workshops all take the same form focusing on a single play as a kind of case study and using individual scenes as specific lessons In Julius Caesar sly provocation
（狡诈挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism
Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature the programmes contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background Their workshop on Henry V for example includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏) their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power Instead they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader And at the workshop on Caesar Mr Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus saying the noblest Roman of them all couldn’t make his mind up about things
Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride which led to his murder and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder they said raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss
73 According to paragraph 1 what did all the executives think of Brutus
A Cruel B Superior C Honorable D Bade
74 According to the passage the Adelmans set up Movers and Shakespeares to ________
A help executives to understand Shakespeare’s plays better
B give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare’s plays
C provide case studies of Shakespeare’s plays in literature workshops
D guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare’s plays
75 Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V
A To highlight the importance of catching opportunities
B To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win
C To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management
D To warn executives against power misuse
76 It can be inferred from the passage that ____
A the Adelmans’ programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized
B executives feel bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeare’s plays
C the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars
D Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field
77 The best title for the passage is _____
A Shakespeare’s plays Executives reconsider corporate culture
B Shakespeare’s plays An essential key to business success
C Shakespeare’s plays a lesson for business motivation
D Shakespeare’s plays Dramatic training brings dramatic results
答案
73 A
74 B
75 A
76 D
77 D
解析
试题分析：文章介绍莎士亚戏剧商业理方面运
73 A 细节理解题 根第段描述词语not an honorable man 受敬仰traitor 叛徒in cold blood 冷血等出答案cruel 残忍Superior 意较高（级位） 较（质量等方面） 较（数量） 等 rude 意粗鲁
74 B 细节题 根第二段词wellknown advisers to the White House 著名白宫顾问management training business 理训练商业知道答案leadership 理关中leadership（领导）management 义词
75 A 细节理解题 根Instead they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader相反强调年轻事年轻够抓住机会成力领导 知道答案强调抓住机会重性中highlight强调emphasize 义词seizes opportunity catch opportunities 义词学科网
76 D 推理题观全文文提莎士亚Adelmans创立培训商业培训理关领导关答案D Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field（莎士亚理领域起着重作）
77 D 标题题 四选项意思分A Shakespeare’s plays Executives reconsider corporate culture （莎士亚戏剧：理层重新认识企业文化）B Shakespeare’s plays An essential key to business success （莎士亚戏剧：成功商业关键）C Shakespeare’s plays a lesson for business motivation（莎士亚戏剧：商业动机节课）D Shakespeare’s plays Dramatic training brings dramatic results（莎士亚戏剧：戏剧训练带喜剧结果）标题题选择正确答案简练高度概括文章题相关综合素
D选项符合选项题关扩范围
考点定位 篇说文
名师点睛 篇文章相说定难度词少专业术语者专名词阅读带定障碍答案数够文章中找稍微点难77题旨意题会错选选项没握文章旨题目设置74题答案需进行转换够直接找答案推理题76题定难度

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