高考英语知识串讲

2008高考英语知识串讲
第1讲
Language Points
1
share
v 分享合：share sth with sb


n 份股份

spare
a 业余备：spare time a spare tire


v 抽出匀：spare me five minutes
spare one of sandwiches for the boy


spare no efforts：遗余力
spare no expense：惜工

save
v 节省救出
2
He felt lucky to have survived the war
3

with sb aboutover sth：某某事争

argue
foragainst sth：赞成反…


Sb intoout of (doing) sth：说服某做做某事
4
havemakeletseewatchlisten to
+宾+宾补(dodoingdone)

get sb to do sth

have+宾+宾补(to doto be done)
5
So+语+助动词

Soneithernor+助动词+语

So it iswas with+语
6
shouldought toneedcouldmightwould+dohave done
7
exceptbutexcept forexcept thatexcept whclause

besidesin addition

apart from

but forwithout
8
The first time+句

For the first time：作时间状语

It’s the first time+thatclause(完成时)

the first+名词+to do
9
most

most of the +n(pl)pron

the majority of (the)

mostly （状）
10
be equal to sth：…相等

be equal to (doing) sth：胜(做)某事

equal sth：…相等

equal sb in sth：…方面某匹敌
11
compare…towith…

compared towith…
12
a great many

severaltwo dozenhundred +n(pl)

(many) dozens of

a great many of +thethesethose+n(pl)

sevealtwo dozen of +pron
13
much too+adjadv(原级)

too much+n(u)

too many+n(pl)
14
没动态

come about(疑问句否定句)

happen(表示偶然碰巧意)

sth+ take place(表示组织计划)

break out(指战争灾害疾病等爆发)

occur(happen通)
It occurs to sb thatto do…：某突然想起…
15
npronadjadvprepphrase

to do：表

With+宾+宾补 doing：表正进行

Done：表
16 强调句型判断方法：果句子中it bethat掉原句通强调句否强调句例：
It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday
二语法专题──名词考点
1 考查数名词数名词尤许数名词定情况变数名词
2 考查名词格 ’s格of格双重格
3 名词作定语
4 名词名词短语辨析
5 名词介词冠词动词搭配
三题型纳──辨析型单项填空
1 名词辨析
名词辨析首先注意名词单复数意义区parent指父亲母亲parents指父母双亲people指a people指民族次注意数数时意义区 exercise指锻炼exercises指练题练操次注意义名词义名词区 event指发生重事件体育项目incident指偶发事件accident指意外事件注意形词区 cloth指布cloths指种途布clothes指衣服(复数)clothing衣服(总称)
2 动词辨析
动词辨析首先解动词物物 reply意回答答复面接名词时需接介词to 时物动词接句时物动词次弄清动词词义区 advisepersuade 前者指劝说劝告强调程者指说服强调结果区种非谓语动词间意义法：动词ving形式表示正进行伴动作ved形式表示完成动to do形式表示进行动作等
3 形容词副词辨析
形容词副词注意义词间区 clever指问题处理圆滑bright指问题反应快wise指选择正确等外widebroad strongpowerful interestinginterested excitingexcited等二注意形形容词副词 close作形容词时意亲密作副词时意接拢三注意根副词区 hardhardly 前者指猛烈努力者意四注意副词形式形容词 friendly lovely lively实际形容词切作副词五注意形容词位置区 present+nn+present前者指前者指场
4 介词辨析
介词辨析两方面入手介词词义 across through past over动作介词across强调表面横越through强调空间穿past强调侧面旁边over强调空中越接触表示越段距离空间等外above over on with by of to to for区
5 连词辨析
连词区：连词意义：when whileas because sincefor whetherif though asalthough等二注意时间名词短语转化成连词： everyeach time the firstsecond…time the moment the minute等作连词连接句三注意副词转化成连词 directly immediately instantly等四注意连词词序 only ifif only 前者意者意…
6 代词辨析
代词辨析包括定代词 other others the other the others another等称代词 one it that等关系代词 whichthat whichas whoseprep+whichwhom等
1 Does the teacher____ you to go home this weekend
A allow B consent C agree D approve
2 After the big fire the house was completely____
A ruined B destroyed C damaged D spoiled
3 The hunter said he was lucky to get out of the forest____
A living B alive C lively D live
4 ____ talking with his Grandma he went away without saying a word
A Tiring with B Tiring of C Tired with D Tired of
5 It’s necessary to have some____ knowledge for this job
A electric B electrical C elctron D electricity
6 The photo____ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year
A hang B hanging C hung D hanged
7 On New Year’s Day people especially girls always wear new____new hats new coats new trousers and new shoes
A clothes B clothing C cloth D cloths
8 He stays up____ in the evenings to go online to get the____ information
A late latest B lately last C late last D latest latest
9 ____ is it to ask her about her about that She doesn’t know it either
A What good B How good C What a good D How much good
10 ____ I had done it I knew I had made a mistake
A Hardly B Directly C mostly D Nearly
11 It is said you went to see Jenny yesterday What has become___ her
A from B of C into D
12 Who do you think will be allowed____ there tomorrow
A visit B to visit C visiting D visited
13 Today we can either fly to Hainan Island or take a ship___ the sea
A in B across C from in D across from
14 You wil find what great benefit the computer you own can be____ each time you use it to help you work
A for B of C at D on
15 I thought he was not____ of a professor the first time I heard him speaking to the children at the platform in the hall of our school
A something B anything C somebody D anybody
16 We’ve missed the last bus I’m afraid we have no____ but to take a taxi
A way B choice C possibility D selection
17 ____ students have graduated from this school in the last twenty years
A Tens of thousands of B Tens upon thousands of
C Tens in thousands D Ten thousands of
18 The farmers plan to produce three times____ in the year before last to meet the increasing need of the people
A of crop as much this year as B as much crop this year as
C as more crop this year as D much crop this year than
19 I think the house is____ large for a family of four people and the price is very reasonable
A too B rather C fairly D a little
20 His mother dislikes him for he____ lies
A tells B is always telling C has told D always told
15 ABBDB 610 BBAAB 1115 BBDBB 1620 BABCB
第2讲
Language points
1 sbsth+adjn
sbsth+to do
consider(认)＋ sbsth+as
thatclause
n
consider(考虑)＋ doing
疑问词+to do sth
…作…译法：consider…as
think oflook ontakeregardtreathave…as
2 to do
A way+ of doing
(thatin which)+定语句
A method of doing sth
by this means
You can solve the problem+ with this method
in this way
by means of通…方式…手段
by thisthat means通种种方式
by all means务必定（回答）然行请
by no means决点（句首时倒装）
3 protect…(from) doing sth
preventstop…(from) doing sth
keep…from doing
keep…doing
under the potection of…
4 as well
as well as
mightmay as wellhad better
5 to do
specially+ forphrase
especially
6 along the river着河流
over the river河正方
through the forest穿森林
by the river河边
on the bank河岸
7 follow the instructions
follow one’s advice
as follows
8 be responsible to sb for sth
9 n
doingto do sth
sb to do sth
prefer+ sth to sth
doing A to doing B
to do A rather than do sth
that sb (should) do sth
10 n+after +none +n +after another
接（强调动作重复）
n +by +n 接（强调动作变化）
tree after treeday by day
11 say hi to sb
Please remember me to sb
某问 Send my regards to sb
Send the best wishes to sb
12 +be +adj +to do 定式般动式语存逻辑动宾关系定式动词物动词时应加适介词
+be +adj +to do It be +adj+ (forof sb) +to do sth
eg This question is difficult to answer
It’s difficult to answer the question
The man is hard to work withIt’s hard to work with the man
定式作定语时修饰词间存逻辑动宾关系语该动作执行者时常常动形式
Eg He wants water to drink
She has a room to live in
I will go to Beijing tomorrow Do you have anything to be taken there
二语法专题──冠词考点
1 考查冠词基法例：复数名词数名词表示泛指冠词the+单数名词表类指aan+单数名词表泛指
2 考查冠词惯法：in case of fire be wounded in the leg on the telephone leave college等
3 考查冠词活：抽象名词具体化a success aan+专名词表泛指an Edison
4 考查零冠词法
三题型纳──结构型单项填空
结构型试题常表现句子中某成分省略标点符号出现倒装插入成分前分离等引起句子结构变化扰乱句子判断
1 省略复合句宾语句定语句中谓语部分行动词省略导致定式作状语产生误解
2 标点符号影响受汉语惯影响会句子中标点符号弄错句子结构
3 插入语影响句子中间插入某成分句子显支离破碎造成句子结构误解
4 倒装句型基结构：(1)完全倒装(2)部分倒装：1）特殊疑问句般疑问句中2）soneithernor+dobehave情态动词＋语3）虚拟语气条件句中省略if时were had should应置句首采倒装结构4）表示祝愿句子：may+语+动词原形5）as though引导步状语句时：提前部分+as+语+谓语动词6）表示否定意义副词介词短语连词词组置句首7）not until+时间状语句置句首时句应采倒装结构句正常语序8）not only…but also…连接两句子时第句子采倒装结构第二句子采倒装结构9）no sooner…tham… hardly…when… scarcely…when…表示……强调两动作接连发生no sooner hardlyscarcely置句首时句常had置语前采倒装结构句倒装 10）only+副词介词短语宾语时间状语句置句首时常采倒装only+语应采倒装11）sosuch…that…引导结果状语句中so+adjadvsuch置句首时句常采倒装结构
5 强调句型感叹句列句应
6 独立格结构1) n+to do 2) n+doing 3) n+done 4)n+prep+n 5) n+adjadv 6)n+n 7) with+n+to dodoingdoneadjadvprep+n
1 He said he would do what he could____ us
A help B to help C helping D helped
2 He spent all the money he had____ that dictionary
A buy B to buy C buying D bought
3 There are more than three thousand students in my school most of____ from the country
A that B which C whom D them
4 It is his cleverness not his strenth ____ defeated his rival
A that B which C what D who
5 The way you think of_____ our living conditions sounds reasonable
A improve B to improve C improving D improvement
6 I feel strongly that whatever you____ matter to me
A don’t B do doesn’t C don’t do D doesn’t do
7 Is this school____ you studied in two years ago
A that B when C it D the one
8 Please tell me the way thought of____ the garden
A take care of B to take care of
C taking care of D how to take care of
9 Mr Wang was much disappointed to see the washing machine he had had____ went wrong again
A it repaired B to be repaired C repaired D repairing
10 We will do everything we can____ our city
A to save B save C saving D saved
11 The air quality in Beijing as well as in the neighboring cities we once spent much time____ better and better
A in getting B having got C in is getting D has got
12 Who did the teacher as well as the monitor ____ an article for the wall newspaper
A has write B has written C have write D have written
13 What do you consider____ to her
A to happen B happening C happened D happens
14 Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to____ some schools for poor children
A set up B setting up C have set up D having set up
15 To his joy the day he looked forward to____ at last
A coming B come C came D have come
16 How long do you think it is____ she arrived here
A when B that C before D since
15 BCDAB 610 BDBCA 1116 CCCBCD

第3讲
Language points
1 owe sb sthowe sth to sb欠某某物
owe sth to sbsth …功…
owing to… …
＝thanks tobecause ofdue to…
2 think highlypoorlylittlea lot +of sbsth
speak highlywellbadly +of sbsth
sing high praise for sbsth
3 apologize to sb for (doing) sth
make an apology to sb for (doing) sth
excuse sb for (doing) sth
forgive sb for (doing) sth
pardon sb for (doing) sth
4 make an impression on sb
have an impression of sth
impress sth onupon one’s mind
5 serve in the army
on the office
serve the peoplethe dish
serve sb with sthserve sth to sb
serve as the chairman
6 make jokes about 取笑 …开玩笑
＝make a joke about
laugh at 嘲笑
have a joke with sb 开某玩笑
play a joke on sbplay tricks on sb 戏弄
in joke 闹着玩开玩笑
7 to do
It’s time+ for sth
For sb to do sth
Thatclause（般时）
8 the oneones代类事物中特指
one 代文提类名词中表泛指
it 指文提事物
that 代文出现带定冠词名词数名词
9 none 回答how manyhow much引导问句常of连
no one 指回答who引导问句
neither 两者表单数
nothing 指物回答what引导问句
10 cloth 布(u) a piece of cloth
表示某种特殊途布块（桌布）：Wipe up the water with a cloth
clothes 衣服服装没单数形式复数名词：
A suit of clothes 注：直接数词修饰many few his my thse类词修饰作语时谓语动词复数
clothing 服装衣着复数形式物质名词衣服外包括幌子手套鞋袜类东西作语时谓语动词单数A piece of clothing an artcle of clothing
dress 指穿外面衣服尤指社交场合穿礼服妇女连衣裙
suit 成套衣服
11 live 活着生命(作定语指鸟动物)实况直播
lively 活泼生气生动
alive 活着气表语形容词句中作表语置定语
living 活着健现行
12 receive 收接(客观动作)accept 接受领受(观意愿)
接受教育惩罚支持遭受幸接客：receive
接受某条件建议：accept
13 turn+adj 常表示某种状态状态变化然现象
The weather has turned much colder

go+adj 常表示变坏情况：The milk went wrongbad
become+adj 强调施动者作变化结果
Please don’t get angry
come+adj 般表示方面变化
My dream has come true
14 含插入语疑问句：
What do you think has happened to him
How do you suppose the film will end
Why do you believe he is unfit for the office
15 复合句反意疑问句：疑问部分根句确定句语Iwe 谓语think suppose believe hope imagine expect guess know feel be sure be told时疑问部分根句确定否定转移时疑问部分肯定语气
She think it is a good idea doesn’t she
I think it is a good idea isn’t it
I don’t think it is a good idea is it
二语法专题──代词考点
1 定代词：(1)all any none both either neither (2)another other the other others the others (3)复合定代词：someone anyone everyone no one something anything everything nothing
2 it法：
(1)it作实意代词代日期时间季节距离代身份明心目中事代文已提文提物某种情况代指示代词this that
(2)it作引导词：作形式语形式宾语代定式动名词句it强调句型
3 代词one ones the one the ones that those法
4 称代词中注意格宾格区反身代词注意语致
三题型纳──语搭配型单项填空
语言惯表达语言长期程中结果意改变表现形式介词短语名词短语非谓语动词短语惯搭配等方面语搭配型单项填空考查英语语搭配掌握运需时加注意积累切想然
1 介词宾语：介词面常接名词代词动名词作宾语考试时注意惯法：far from satisfiedover take sth for granted in hospitalin the hospital at seaat the sea
2 冠词增删：固定搭配中名词前冠词惯法掉增加会意思发生变化：in prisonin the prison in bedon the bed in schoolin the school in possession ofin the possession of in charge ofin the charge of in front ofin the front of
3 非谓语动词短语考查重点：非谓语动词逻辑语关系二非谓语动词谓语动词表示动作时间先关系三非谓语动词惯法外非谓语动词短语已非谓语动词短语中游离出成表达某种意思固定搭配：to be true to tell you the truth to be exact judging byfrom exactly speaking frankly speaking compared towith等
4 动词搭配：mean to do sthmean doing sth forget to do sthforget doing sth be used to doing sthused to do sth head forgo to lend toborrow from set aboutset out write downtake downput down等
5 动词短语：have a coldcatch cold take placetake one’s place等
6 短语动词：run outrun out of stick tokeep on bring inbring on等
7 形容词短语：be strict within different fromin be careful ofwith等
8 名词短语：the number ofa number of a knowledge of等
1 No matter what you see don’t take it for____ but use your head to think it over
A grant B granting C granted D grantness
2 When writing he often keeps a dictionary____
A in hand B on hand C at hand D hand in
3 His wife often goes to____ on Sundays
A church B a church C the church D churching
4 It is good for you in your future life____ English
A have good knowledge of B to have good knowledge of
C to have a good knowledge of D has a good knowledge of
5 ____ what he said he has been to Australia
A Judge by B Judged by C Judging from D To judge from
6 She is always ready to help others and asking for nothing____
A in return B in case C in addition D in turn
7 They held a ceremony____ those killed in the battle
A instead of B in favor of C by means of D in honor of
8 The man____ the shop said we could have two days off
A in charge of B in the charge of
C take charge of D take the charge of
9 When they got to America they nearly____ money
A ran out B ran out of C ran away D ran away from
10 Word came that Brown____ the record in yesterday’s match
A made B stroke C beat D hit
11 Look little Betty is giving a talk to the children and is____ a teacher
A somebody of B anybody like
C something of D like anything
12 Mr Wang is very old but he works like a young man In deed I can’t admire him____
A very much B so well C too much D quite well
16 CCACCA 712 DABCCC

第4讲
Language points
1 sth
sth for sth
prepare+ for sth
to do sth
be prepared for
be prepared to do sth
make preparations for
2 They tied for first place in the game
We tied with the visiting team in the basketball match
The dog is tied to a tree
3 affect vt 影响
effect n 效果作
have a goodbad effect on
in effect事实
cause and effect果
take effect生效起作
come into effect生效实行
effort n 努力
without effort毫费力
make every effort切努力
spare no effort遗余力
3 weigh vt 称…重量
vi 重达… 重量…
put on weight
lose weight
by weight
in meterspoundscalories
by the daythe weekthe yardthe dozenthe ton
4 in…参加…赛
compete+ withagainst……竞赛竞争
for…角逐…获取…竞赛
5 Where there is a river there is a city
Where there is a will there is a way
Where there is life there is hope
6 do sth

not do sth
do sth than do sth
would rather+ would do sth rather than do sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
thatclause+ did──表现
had done──表
7 do damage to sth
live one’s dream
in ruinsin pieces
under attackdiscussionconstructionconsiderationtreatment
8 almost 差距nearlynever no no one none
nobody nothing nowhere等否定词连
not连
nearly 述否定词连not连构成
Not…nearly 意远非…远…
二语法专题──形容词副词考点
1 形容词副词辨析：般规律循常时积累应注意点：(1)分清形容词副词语法功形容词常作定语副词常作状语(2)掌握具体形容词副词基含义语法功therefore意句中起关联作(3)副词两种形式中种形式形容词相种形式形容词加ly意义太相应加分辨常见：close接──closely仔细密切high高──highly高度free免费──freelylate晚迟──latelydeep深──deeply深刻深入near邻──nearly hard努力──hardlymost──mostly
wide宽阔──widely广泛easy容──easily容易
(4)副词形容词词形完全相换言词时兼形容词副词两种词性常见：early straight slow enough fast hard long firm等
2 形容词副词词序：
(1)enough作形容词修饰名词时前作副词修饰形容词副词时位例：enough timetime enough strong enough
(2)形容词修饰复合定代词时置something important
(3)as how so too修饰单数名词时词序：ashowsotoo+adj+aan+ntoo large a room how interesting a film Mike is as clever a boy as Tom
(4)such修饰单数名词时词序：such+aan+adj+nsuch a large room 名词前one some many all no等修饰时词序：onesomemanyallno+such+adj+n
(5)形容词作定语时词序：县官行令宴国──限定词＋描绘性形容词＋长短高低等形容词＋新旧＋颜色＋国家区＋材料＋途＋修饰名词限定词包括：前位限定词：倍数词分数词all both half double等中位限定词：冠词物代词指示代词格some any no every each either neither enough much whose等位限定词：基数词序数词little(表示少)few last next other another more less most several least plenty of等定量代词限定词排列序：前位＋中位＋位＋中心词
(6)倍数表示法：A is n times bigger than B
as big as
the size of
John has five times as many books as mine
3 形容词副词较等级：
(1)A>B时较级＋than
(2)A>BB包含A时
He is older than any of the other boys(any other boy) in his class
A>BB包含A时
He is richer than any of the people here
I’m taller than any student of your class
(3)较级＋and＋较级：表示身变化
The＋较级the＋较级：表示变化
(4)否定词＋谓语＋较级相高级
I’ve never seen a nicer bird than this one
How beautifully she sings I have never heard a better voice
(5)常见较级高级形容词副词：cpmparative(ly) relative(ly) particular(ly) special(ly) excellent(ly) extreme(ly) perfect(ly) complete(ly)等
(6)more+原级+than 说…说…
(7)修饰较级副词：any even far much rather still yet a bit a little a lot by far 加very many more fairly quite(quite better外)
4 形容词副词成分区：
(1)作定语形容词(数a开头)：afraid alike alive alone ashamed asleep awake ill well 作定语分改frightened similar living lone shy sleeping waking sick healthy 时形容词作定语般作置定语
(2)作状语般副词时形容词作伴状语
He hurried home full of fear All men all created equal
三题型纳──语境语境＋语法型单项填空
题干附加语言信息词法句法等知识融入语境中试题语境化特点：果单独空白选项选项正确然题干选项联系起考虑佳选项常见题型：(1)话语境运话语境命题高考种趋势应该正确理解话双方语气时态语态确定正确选项(2)句中语境：试题选项中适问题根句子语境意义判断出佳答案(3)动词时态语态情态动词语气形容词副词级
1 Why Tom your shirt is so dirty
Mom I____ my store room downstairs
A cleaned B have cleaned C was cleaning D have been cleaning
2 I think Gorge doesn’t really care for TV plays
Right ____ he still watches the program
A and B but C or D so
3 If you can’t come tomorrow we’ll____ have to hold the meeting next week
A yet B even C rather D just
4 I’m going to Beijing tomorrow Do you have anything____ to your brother there
A to take B to be taken C taken D take
5 We are sure everything here____ by the time you come back from abroad in a few years
A had changed B will have changed
C had been changed D will have been changed
6 Hello you____ 32365668 I’m sorry but I’m unable to answer your call right now
A reached B are reaching C have reached D had reached
7 The meeting is not over and you____ not leave
A will B shall C may D need
8 Had I learnt English well I____ the interview for the job tomorrow
A would take B would have taken C shall take D could be taken
9 Bob is____ honest boy and he won’t tell lies
A most B the most C a most D very much
10 With the doctor’s treatment Sally feels____ better now
A very B fairly C so D quite
11 Though the ship sunk all the people on her____ be resuced
A could B should C had to D were able to
12 We will all appreciate____ you can come to join us in developing my hometown
A that if B it if C it that D that when
13 ____ he said to us yesterday____ true
A What can was B That can was
C Can what be D Can that be
14 He told me that he would remember the days in Beijing University forever____ he got much help there from Professor Zhu
A where B which C that D when
15 ____ is what he did not what he said that moved us greatly
A It B This C Which D As
15 DBDBD 610 BBACD 1115 DBCDA


第5讲
Language points
1 sth：…致符合
sb：意某
with one’s ideaopinion 意某意见
what sb said (观点说话)
to on’s planarrangementsuggestion
agree 意某计划安排意见
aboutonupon sth意做某事
to do sth
thatclause
2 ofabout sth 提醒
remind sb to do sth
thatclause 回忆起…
3 add…to…：…加()…
add toincrease：增添增进
add up (to)：加(起)总计达…
4 success n(U)成功(C)成功者事
succeed v successful a successfully ad
be successful in (doing) sth
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
have success in doing sth
Sbsth is a success
5 bestaykeep+in touch with 表状态
be out of touch with
get in touch with 表动作
lose touch with
6 in case of+短语
in case+句
in no case决
in any case
in that case果样
7 expensivecheap
valuablevalueless
pricelessvery expensive：价
8 respond (vi)+ to…：…回应
withby：…(方式)回答响应
resonse (n)
9 be harmful to sbsth
do sbsth harm
do harm to sbsth
do sbsth good
do good to sbsth
10 die out：(家族物种等)死光灭绝
(俗做法观念)消失时(火)熄灭
die away：(风声音光线等)逐渐停止(消失)
die down：(指炉火等)渐熄(指骚动等)渐息(指闹声)消失
die off：先死…死
die of：死(疾病年老饥饿情感等)
die from：死外(损伤事天灾等)
11 as athe result of：…
as a result：结果
result from：…引起
result incause：导致致…
12 take measures to do sth：采取措施
make clothes to one’s own measure：量体裁衣
13 late：晚迟久前
latelyrecently：
last：
latest：新
later：结构常：段时间＋later：…
14 adapt to sthsb：适应某物某
adapt sthsb to sthsb：某物某适应某物某
adapt oneself to：适应某事
adapt from：根…改写改编
adapt：指修改改变适应新条件
You should adapt yourself t the new environment
adjust：指调整调节适应
You can’t see through the telescope until it is adjusted to
your eyes
fit：指适合引申吻合
The shoes fitted me well
suit：指合求口味性格情况等
No dish suits all taste
match：指色调形状性质等相配相称
A red jacket doesn’t match green trousers
adopt sb：收养
sth：采
15 devote oneselftimelife to
look forward to doing sth
beget used to
stick toget down toobject to
16 free of charge
for free
be free from
set sbsth free
17 by force：武力强行
be in force：生效
comego into force：生效
force one’s way：强行前进进入
18 It’s one’s turn to do sth：轮某干某事
take one’s turn：次轮某
in turn：次轮流反转
by turns：轮流交
take turns (at) doing sthto do sth：轮流干某事
二语法专题──介词考点
1 常介词意义区
(1)表示时间 at+时间点：…时刻…点钟…岁时
on+某天某天某时间：某日星期某日早中晚等
in+时间段：…期间……时间
by+时间：…前迟…常完成时连
(2)表示方位：inontooff
(3)表示部位
on+ the headshoulderbacknose：表示拍较硬凸形部位
in+ the faceearstomacheye：表示拍较软凹形部位
by+ the armhandnose 表示牵拉抓某部位
(4)表示间：betweenamong
(5)表示方式
by：…(交通工具)通…(方法)常接冠词名词动名词
with：…工具手段身体某部位常接带冠词具体某工具
in：表示表达方法媒介工具材料等
through：通…途径方式方法
(6)表示穿越
through：表示物体里面穿表示着街道河流走
across：表示物体表面表示横街道河流
over：表示物体方越表示挎肩
2 介词＋关系代词引导定语句
3 with复合结构
4 含介词固定搭配
①冠词意义
in front ofin the front of
in charge ofin the charge of
out of questionout of the question
at tableat the table
on earthon the earth
②介词意义
know sb认识某know about sb解某
shoot sb击中某shoot at sb某射击
search sb搜身search for sb搜寻某
believe sb相信某话believe in sb信某格
benefit sb某受益benefit from sb某里益处
③画蛇添足
serve for the people民服务
enter into the room进入房间
follow behind me面
at the moment… ……
in thisthatlastnext year年年年明年
in oneanyeacheverysomeall year
年年年年某年全年
marry with sb某结婚
go to abroad出国
live in upstairs住楼
④张冠李戴
be caught in the rain雨淋着（by）
leave for someplace动身某（to）
set an example to sb某树立榜样（for）
in the direction着…方（to）
do a favor for sb帮某忙（to）
different from…（with）
with the help of…帮助（under）
steal sth from sb偷某东西（of）
⑤丢三落四
drop in on sb拜访某（丢on）
drop in at someplace参观某（丢at）
look down upon瞧起（丢upon）
think of…as认…（丢of）
look on…as认…（丢on）
rxplain to sb sth某解释某事（丢to）
from behind the door门面（丢behind）
be worth listening to值听（丢to）
三题型纳──逻辑型单项填空
类题型句子形式句子意义考查英语句子握理解情况具体表现谓致意义致称致非谓语动词介词逻辑语致等方面
1 Qiong Yao with her works____ very popular with us young people
A be B are C were D become
2 What I like best to tell you the truth ____ in my opinion the books my brother bought me as my birthday present last week
A are B is C have D existed
3 The teacher told us that practice____ perfect
A make B makes C made D making
4 Hurry up if you____ there with us
A go B will go C would go D could go
5 At the age of seven ____
A his father died B he lost his father
C his dog followed him D his parents divorced
6 ____ his mother saw him playing games with other children
A On his way home B From his room
C From her office D Under his nose
7 She has long been expecting a chance to study abroad and at last she got____
A it B that C another D one
8 If a student can make what has been learned____ whether in class or from social practice he will make steady progress
A his own B him C himself D his
9 He is one of the students who I’m sure always do____ best
A his B their C my D one’s
10 Neither Rose nor Henry likes to attend the meeting ____
A does she B does he C do they D did you
11 ____ more attention the tree may grow better
A Give B Giving C Given D To give
12 Someone must have taken it away this morning ____
A haven’t they B hasn’t he C don’t they D didn’t he
13 What do you think worries him so much ____
A He didn’t pass the exam B His father is seriously ill
C Lost his bike D What Jim said just now
14 Miss Wilson whose parents are____ working in China is studying in Peking University now
A either B all C both D no
15 The teacher as well as a number of students____to attend the party yesterday
A were asked B was asked C were asking D was asking
15 DABBB 610 CDDBC 1115 CDDCB



































第6讲
Language points
1 keep a record of
keep records of
breakbeat the record forin+赛项目
holdkeep the record of
set (up) the world record forin+赛项目
set up a new world record
make a recordmake records
playput on a record
2 sbsthbe satisfied with sbsth
satisfy one’s desireshungerthirst
the conditions

to one’s satisfaction
adj satisfying satisfied satisfactory
3 treat a disease
sb
treat sboneself (to sth)
This is my treat
Dutch treat
4 explainwhisper sth to sb
explainwhisper to sb sth
in a whisperin whispers
5 character 性格物汉字
characteristic 特征特点
6 trouble sb to do
be troubled with
asklook for trouble
get into trouble
be in trouble
get out of trouble
have trouble (in) doing sth
have trouble with sth
make trouble：闹事
take (the) trouble to do：力设法做…
put sb to the trouble of doing：麻烦某做…
7 turn on turn off
turn in givehand out
turn up turn down
turn aroundround
turn away
turn over
turn back
turn out (to be)
turn to sbsth
7 only if… …
had done──
if only …该＋ didwere──现
wouldshould do
didwere
9 at one timeonce
at timessometimes
at all timesalways
at a timeeach time
for a timefor some time
at no time
at the same time
10 supply sth to sbsupply sb with sth
provide sth for sbprovide sb with sth
offer sb sthoffer sth to sb
11 have a habit of doing
formdevelop the habit of
be in the habit of
12 face the music 危惧
play musicperform music
13 more than 仅仅超
more than one+n(单)+V(单)：止
More than one student likes this film
more than+nadj 远非仅仅…
Bamboo is used for more than building
no more than 仅仅
not more thanat (the) most …超…
more…than…：说…说…
The man is more brave than wise
14 the next time时间名词短语作属连词引导时间状语句外the first time every time each time the moment the minute the second
二语法专题──动词动词短语考点
1 动词动词短语考查重点放特定语境中辨析
2 组常考动词短语
1 get along：离开进展继续
get across：越…理解
get away：逃走逃避离开
get back：回取回
get down：记吞
get off：车(飞机)班
get on：车
get in：车收割站插话
get up：起床站起(风)变猛烈
get through：(电话)接通通完完成
get together：聚会收集
2 take away：走带走消(病痛等)减
take down：取记拆掉吞病倒
take out：拔掉切带(某)出获
take off：脱掉起飞成功
take up：占(时间空间)…作爱消遣事
3 break away (from) 逃掉脱离改掉
break down：出障失败中断
break in：突然进插嘴
break into：强行进入插嘴
break out：突然发生爆发
break up：解散结束破裂绝交
4 come about：发生
come across：(偶然)遇见
come on(upon)：偶然碰见出现
come on：吧快点加油
come along：道
come in：进市
come out：出出版…结果
come over：访产生
come round：访
come to：合计苏醒谈
5 pick out：挑选找出
pick up：起捡起收拾学会(车)接取：
改进改善重新开始继续感染(疾病坏惯)
6 give away：赠送泄露出卖
give back：送回
give in：屈服步投降
give off：发出(蒸汽光等)
give out：分发耗筋疲力发出(气味热等)
give up：放弃
7 cut down：砍倒削减压缩
cut in：插入插话插队
cut off：切断隔断断绝
cut out：剪成戒掉

8 make…into(out of)…：…成(变成)…
make…of(from)…：…制成…(动式)
make for：…助
make it：时赶成功做成
make out：理解清填写假装
make up：构成编写编造解弥补凑足准备
9 look aboutaround：环顾四周四处
look after：顾料
look at：注视
look down onupon：起
look for：寻找
look forward to：期盼(to介词)
look into：调查
look like：起似
look out：外心找出

look over：审阅翻阅检查
look through：翻浏览
look to：注意负责
look up：查阅
look up to：尊敬
11 bring about：引起导致
bing back：送带回想起
bring down：降低（温度价格）
bring on：带引起
bring out：取出显示出衬托出出版推出（作品）
bring through：渡（困难危机）
bring up：提出培养呕吐
12 call at：访问（某）
call away：走转移（注意力）
call back：唤回回电话
call for：取（某物）接（某）求号召
call in：召集
call off：走转移开取消
call on：造访（某）
call (up) on sb to do sth：（请）某做某事号召某做某事
call out：声（喊）
call up：（…）电话
14 go back：回回顾回溯
go by：（…）旁边（时间机会）…
go down：落降减弱
go in for：参加（考试赛）事（职业）爱
go into：达进入事调查
go out：出出国熄灭
go over：复演检查
go through：通检查审查查找历做完完
go up：升涨
15 hold back：阻止忍住
hold out：支持坚持
hold to：抓紧坚持
hold up：竖起阻碍延误
catchgetseizetake hold of：抓住
keep hold of：抓住握住
16 put away：收拾放弃消存蓄
put down：放写车镇压
put off：推迟推脱高兴
put on：穿戴演装（样子）开（电灯）增加
put out：扑灭生产发表高兴
put up：举起撑起架起张贴
17 set about：开始着做某事（+ndoing）
set out：动身开始想（+to do）
set up：建立创立树立
三题型纳──交际型单项填空
英语交际型试题考查社会交中常日常交际语考查方式应答提问辅跨文化交际中中英交际文化差异明显交际项目重点象包括请求建议回答祝愿回答道歉回答感谢观点回答
1 Help yourself to some apples and grapes please _____
A Yes of course B Thank you
C That’s right D Yes I will
2 Many happy returns of the day ____
A The same to you B Me too
C Thank you D Don’t be polite
3 I’m sorry but I didn’t mean to break it _____
A Why not be careful C Why so careless
C Be careful next time D You’re too foolish
4 Thank you for your help _____
A With pleasure B No thanks
C It’s my pleasure D I didn’t help you much
5 Bruce works very hard _____
A So he does B So does he
C It’s the same with you D So you do
6 Are you sure it’s going to snow this weekend _____
A I don’t think B I think not so
C I don’t think about it D I don’t think so
7 How do you like your Chinese teacher _____
A He is very kind B Yes I like him very much
C No I dislike him D He is much better now
8 I’ll be away for a few days Would you mind looking after my dog Not at all_______
A I’d rather not B I’d be glad to
C I have no time D I’d like it
9 Hey look where you are going Oh I’m terribly sorry____
A I’m not noticing B I wasn’t noticing
C I haven’t noticed D I don’t notice
10 How often do you eat out ____ but usually once a week
A Have no idea B It depends
C As usually D Generally speaking
11 Go for a picnic this weekend OK
_____ I love getting close to nature
A I couldn’t agree more B I’m afraid not
C I believe not D I don’t think so
12 Let’s go and have a good drink tonight
____ Have you got the first prize in the competition
A What for B Thanks a lot C Yes I’d like to D Why not
13 Now where is my purse _____We’ll be late for the picnic
A Take your time B Don’t worry C Come on D Take it easy
14 Excuse me could you tell me the time
Sorry I don’t have a watch with me
_____
A It’s a pity B Thanks a lot
C I’m sorry to hear that D Thanks anyway
15 Do you think I could borrow your bike ______
A Yes you may borrow B Yes you could
C Yes help yourself D Yes go on
15 BCCCA 610 DABBB 1115 AACDC











第7讲
Language points
1 choose：选中选出（结果）
choose from：…中挑选
pick：挑选（东西）
select：选择（程）
elect：选举
vote：投票
2　be similar to
the same as
3 light lit lit(置定语状语表语完成时动态)
lighted lighted(前前态梦otet )
4 celebrate+sth
in celebration offor the celebration of：庆祝…
congratulate+sb+on+sth
5 give away：离开赠送
keep away (from)：离开

break away (from)：脱离
put away：存储
do away with：处理掉
turn away：解雇
throw away：扔掉
6 honour vt ：尊敬…荣
n ：尊敬(pl)光荣荣誉
in honor of：纪念…尊敬
a sense of honour：廉耻心
show honor to sb：尊敬某
7 pain (n)：指般疼痛pains：麻烦努力意
ache (v)：指局部较持久疼痛陷痛
(n)常见复合词中：headachestomachace
hurt vt：伤害
vi：常指精神感情伤害指肉体伤害
8 a bita little：点肯定句中修饰动词形容词副词较级
not a bitnot at all
not a littlevery much
a bit of +n(u)
a little
9 in aone word：简言总
in other words：换句话说
in words：语言口头
word (u)：消息诺言
10 such as：列举事物列举部分
for exampleinstance：举例说明表列举等
namelythat is (to say)：（列举全部）
11 develop healthy habits：养成健康惯
develop an interest in sth：培养…兴趣
develop…into…：…发展成…
develop from…：…进化发展起
develop natural resources：开发然资源
develop films：洗胶卷
12 现进行时时代般现时表示常性重复性动作句中常见副词：forever always repeatedly constantly everyeach dayyear 时表达种感情色彩：满厌烦赞扬等
She is always helping others
The problem is that 300 people are dying each day from illnesses caused by smoking
二语法专题──动词时态语态考点
1 试题立意简单直接结构立意转情景立意试题创设语境明确交际情景话形式出现数发生学生学日常生活中真实情景
2 题干中效信息眼穿隐藏字里行间年类考题中少情景中出现明显时间信息时间状语等
3 解决时态语态问题时遵循解题思路：
（1）动作发生什时间？题干中参信息
（2）动作语关系动动
4 四组容易混淆时态：
（1）现完成时般时区：现完成时强调动作结果现影响属现时范畴般时强调动作发生时间属时范畴般时需表示境时间连表时间文现完成时表示时间状语连
（2）完成时般时区：完成时表示某时间起点前发生动作存状态完成时强调动作发生般时表示现时间起点前发生动作存状态
（3）完成时现完成时法区：两种时态常段时间状语连现完成时表示延续现现关动作（句中表示特定时间状语）完成时表示某时前已完成延续某时动作（句中表示特定时间状语）
（4）完成时shallwill+have done构成表示动作状态延续某时刻常延续性动词带表示某时间状语状语句：by the end of this month by then this time next week by the time等完成进行时shallwill+have been doing构成表示某动作某时间前已开始直持续进行着
5 关动语态种特殊法：
（1）动形式表动：表示感觉变化feel look smell sound taste turn prove get等系动词动形式表动意义动词let blame定式作表语定语时动形式表动意义
（2）get+分词构成动语态：种形式动语态：①做事（get dressed穿衣）②设法做称心事（get elected选）③客观原遇意事（get burned烧焦）④表示命令（get washed洗洗吧）
（3）表示（某物）需need want require等动名词动形式表动
（4）说类3动句型：果想话说谨慎列动结构：①It is said that…②There is said to be…③sbsth is said to…类句型动词believe think consider suppose hope suggest report know understand等
6 某固定句式中动词时态固定约定俗成：
（1）ThisIt is the firstsecond…time+thatclause that句般现完成时果前边is改was that句完成时
（2）It ishas been+段时间+since句：since句中般时果前边is改wassince句中完成时
（3）be about to do…when… 意…（时）突然…
（4）be(waswere)+doing…when… 意正干…（时）突然…
（5）HardlyScarcely had…done…when… No sooner had…done…than… whenthan句里般时表示刚刚……
（6）It+be+段时间+before句：果句时句般现时表时意长时间发生某事果句时句时意长时间发生某事
三题型纳──综合型单项填空
综合型单项填空已成高考英语命题种趁势求具备方面知识力：
1交际力：交谈中必须解掌握种交际功语言形式正确理解说话者心理选出正确答案
2 语境理解力：弄清说话者字面意义基础必须够深层理解出言外意作出正确选择
3 扎实词汇知识：方面必须正确辨词汇意义感情色彩方面必须掌握词汇正确搭配惯固定结构
4 牢固语法知识：必须掌握牢固英语语言基础知识种语言现象学知识进行科学解释
1 What about____ passage
It’s too difficult____ passage for me
A a a B a the C the a D the the
2 How is your grandmother She____ for many years
A died B has died C has been died D has been dead
3 Why is the boy crying there Because____ his father
A being scolded by B scolding
C of scolding D of being scolded by
4 What do you think make Jenny unhappy and worried
____ her new PC
A Because she lost B Lost
C As a result of losing D Losing
5 Could I borrow your motor bike Yes of course you____
A might B could C can D should
6 Can I help you sir
Yes I bought this radio her yesterday but it____
A didn’t B won’t work C can’t work D doesn’t work
7 I like____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright
A this B that C it D one
8 You haven’t been to Beijing have you
____ How I wish to go there
A Yes I have B Yes I haven’t
C No I have D No I haven’t
9 Your phone number again I____ quite catch it
It’s 9568442
A didn’t B couldn’t C don’t D can’t
10 Will 200____
I’m afraid not We need at least 50 more dollars
A count B satisfy C fit D do
11 He came home after midnight and____ he got drunk
A worse still B that means
C what’s the matter D what else
12 You can ____ come to join us in the singing programme
A if you happy B when you possible
C if you please D when you necessary
13 Mr Smith ____ of the____ speech started to read a novel
A tired boring B tiring bored
C was tired bored D was tiring boring
14 I have a lot of books half of____ novels
A which B that C whom D them
15 CDDDC 610 DCDAD 1114 ACAD


第8讲
Language points
1 recognize sb as：认出某…
be recognized as：某认作…
recognize sb to do sth：承认某做某事
recognize thatclause
recognition (n)
2 dress：表动作表状态＋ dress sb
be dressed in
have on：表状态进行时
wear：表状态＋（衣服鞋帽领带围巾首饰眼镜）
表示某时间穿戴常进行时
put on：表动作
3 prove sth
sth to sb
sth to be
as
(to be)thatclause
4 beyond control：法控制
in control：控制着
under control：控制中
out of controllose control of：失控
5 tear sth tointo pieces
sth in halfinto halves
sth open
sth down
at sth：撕扯着…（表程）
sth：撕碎撕破（表结果）
up：毁掉
off：脱跑掉
away from…：…夺走
6 attend schoolchurch
attend the meetinglecture
join partyleagueclubsb
join in the partyactivity
7 call on sbdrop in on sb
call at a placedrop in at a place
visit +sba place
pay a visit to a place
8 be (well) worth + ndoing sth
be worthy + of+n
of+being done
to be done
9 pay for sth
pay sb for sth
pay sb money for sthpay money to sb for sth
pay off：全部清
pay back：偿报复
10 makecarry outperformdo experiment
by experiment
experiment onupon…：…进行实验
二语法专题──非谓语动词考点
1 非谓语动词句法功
具词部分特征
作句子成分

名词
形容词
副词

宾
表
定
状
补
定式
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
动名词
√


√
√
√
√


现分词

√
√


√
√
√
√
分词

√
√


√
√
√
√
2 定式分词作状语较
名称
状语类型
时间
目
结果
原
方式
条件
伴
步
定式

√
√
√




现分词
√

√
√
√
√
√
√
分词
√

√
√
√
√
√
√
注：定式分词作结果状语法意义定式常only never连强调意想结果失情绪分词句果关系句表原分词形式表结果
3 非谓语动词选择原：（1）逻辑语间关系：谓动宾（2）谓语动词时间关系：①谓语前般完成式②谓语时发生般现分词③谓语般定式
4 接ing分词作宾语动词
建议险献身忍受期停顿
放弃延期悔失坚持欣赏实践成
注意原谅避反考虑求禁
允许惯介意价值开始想动名
应动词词组分：advise suggest risk devote oneself to havebearstand(忍受) look forward to stop give up delay put off regret miss keep (on)insist onstick to enjoyappreciate feel like practice finish pay attention to excuse escape avoid object to consider require cannot help forbid permit beget used to mind be worth set about imagine
三题型纳──完形填空解题决
巧首句信息：①利首句握文章体裁：果文章开头交代事情发生时间点物等毫疑问记叙文果文章开门见山点明话题作者观点议文说明文②分析首句信息预测文容：般情况根首句线索粗知短文概容首句提示加语法分析逻辑推理助短文中关键词语提供信息文间关系进步确切解短文容确定答案开辟道路
例1：Monty owns a horse ranch(牧场) in San Sedro Once when asked about his____ he told the story about a young man son of a horse trainer
A life B success C family D education
[分析]文开头断定记叙文时第句话透露出Monty定成文a horse trainer知出身贫贱断定询问生活家庭受教育情况询问成功秘诀
例2：…Being alone in outer space can be frightening That is one reason why astronauts on solo(单独) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them____
A tired B asleep C conscious D busy
[分析]文章开头谈进行太空旅行会感孤单通常单独旅行宇航员安排工作排遣种孤独情绪常识知忙碌时候会感孤单三项第句话没关系
例3：When I come across a good article in reading newspapers I often want to cut and keep it But just as I am about to do so I find the article on the____ side is also interesting…
A each B other C another D either
[分析]作者非常喜欢阅读报纸文章想文章剪保留时发现背面文章样趣文中newspapers常识知报纸两面other

第9讲
Language points
1 when 指时间某点句中谓语动词非延续性指段时间（句中谓语动词延续性动词）句动作句动作时发生
意时常结构：be about to…when…
as 强调句动作句动作时发生前
while 表示两者情况
2 be of ＋抽象名词＝be + adj
be of (great) + usehelpvalueimportance
be (very) + usefulhelpfulvaluableimportant
3 journey：适范围广指陆海空旅行常指距离较远旅行
trip：指短时间短距离旅行
travel：泛指旅游前面般冠词
travels：指旅行历
journeytrip强调返性travel侧重返性章程旅行
Voyage：海旅行航海
4 hope：指现关希接名词双宾语复合宾语
wish：指美祝愿表达现发生令遗憾事接句时虚拟语气
hope for：希期（某物）信心
We hope you’ll be very happy
I wish I had gone to that party
We haven’t heard from him for a long time but we are still hoping for a letter

5 n诺言指前途性
There is a promise of better weather tomorrow
keep a promise→break a promise
promise carry out a promise：履行诺言
fulfill a promise：实现诺言
v许诺答应…迹象…
I can’t promise but I’ll do my best
The clouds promise rain
promising adj 前途希
6 put up：搭起建筑
set up：建立成立
build：建造
build up：建立
found：创立创办
7 aroundround the corner：拐角处
in the corner：角落里
on the corner：拐角
at the corner：拐角处（on范围）
8 sbsth
praise sb for (doing) sth：…赞扬…
sb as…：称赞……
sing high praise for：称赞…
in praise of：赞美
9 population：进行提问时what口少large small表示少时has a population of…
population：作语时谓语动词单复数面表语决定
What’s the population of China
China has a population of 13 billion
The population of New Zealand is small
The population of developing countries are mostly peasants
10 come to terms with：达成协议妥协
take possessions of：获占
inwith relation to：…关联关
in memory of sb：纪念某
match…with…：……搭配起
二语法专题──情态动词虚拟语气考点
1 表示推测：情态动词＋ be＋表：现状态
be doing：现动作
have done：
maymight have done：干某事
cancould have done：够干某事
shouldought to have done：应该干某事
needn’t have done：必干某事
wouldshould likelove to have done：想干某事
had better have done：初干某事
would rather have done：然真该干某事
注：情态动词表推测时反意疑问句应情态动词变推测考虑
2 情态动词辨析特殊法：
（1）cancould肯定句中表够（强调生俱力）be able to强调设法完成某具体动作
（2）used to表示常常干某事暗示现干表示直存状态would表示常常干某事涉现情况表示直烦事情
（3）needdare作实义动词时应needdare to do 作情态动词时般肯定句中
（4）shall第三称表示征询方意见请求第二三称时表示命令强制允诺威胁
（5）will表示意愿必然趋势
If he won’t help us all our plans will be ruined
The window won’t open
3 虚拟语气应结构中：
（1）种定语句：It’s time that+did
（2）两种目状语句：
so thatin order that+ canmaycouldmight +do
（3）三种时变化句：
① wish 现→didwere
if only ＋ →had done
as ifthough →couldwould do
② would rather ＋ 现→didwere
→had done
③ 现：if+didwere would+ do
：if+had done would+ have done
： did
if+ were to do would+ do
should do
注意：if引导虚拟条件句外倒装条件句werehadshould提前混合时间句虚实错综句含蓄条件句or otherwise with without but for引导
（4）四种名词性句：
①表语important natural necessary possible strange arranged decided demanded ordered requested suggested surprising a pity no woder时语句虚拟语气例：
It’s important that we (should) help each other
②动词坚持(insist)两命令(command order)三建议(advise propose suggest)四求(ask demand request require)宾语句虚拟语气例：
He insisted that he (should) be sent to the West
注：insist(坚持说) suggest(暗示表明)时句应陈述语气：
Her pale face suggested that she was ill
③idea plan表示坚持命令建议求等动词源名词作语时表语句虚拟语气例：
My suggestion is that we (should) hold a class meeting
④idea plan表示坚持命令建议求等动词源名词位语句虚拟语气例：
The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely
三题型纳──完形填空解题决二
巧文语境①注意文信息提示：信息提示出现前文时根前文信息提示确定答案信息提示出现文时应该先空暂时搁置理解文基础确定答案②通读全文利复现词语：完形填空试题中词语会重复出现语篇中词汇复现语篇中句子相互衔接构成完整机意义整体握反复出现词语助确定正确答案
例1：Reading is a way of learning English without classes or a teacher It helps develop learners’ independence And while reading graded readers learners don’t have to run a____ because the language is at their level
A dictionary B teacher C student D recorder
[分析]because引导原状语句读物中语言符合读者语言水读者然必求助词典
例2：All of a sudden I started to feel rather__1__ She wondered why I was looking for this sort of__2___ I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience
1 A encouraged B dissatisfied C hopeless D pleased
2 A place B job C advice D help
[分析]文章讲作者应聘工作没验信心心里感十分踏实文中I felt even more hopeless知第1题填hopeless暗示作者种心情it would be difficult to get a job without experience呼应第2题选job
例3：Years ago in Scotland the Clark family had a dream Clark and his wife worked and____ making plans for their nine children and themselves to travel to 2(America) It had taken years but they had 3(finally) saved enough money and had gotten passports and reservations for the whole family on a new liner t the United States
A spent B counted C saved D played
[分析]分析面段文字知Clark夫妇存钱目家出旅游根文中but they had 3(finally) saved enough money知第1题答案C项
第10讲
Language points
1 in other wordsin another word：换句话说
in a wordin one word：总言
have a word withhave a few words with：…说句话
have words with：…争
2 can never…too…
can not…too… 样…分越…越
3 as+adjadv(原级)+as possibleas…as one can …
4 appreciate +ndoing
appreciate +it+ thatclause(真宾)
5 to dodoing
intend+ sb to do
thatclause(虚拟语气)
intend… + as… 算()…成…
be intended for…：(…)准备
6 marry sb to sb
beget married to sb
marry sb
beget married to sb with sth
7 部分否定句：all both every everyone everything等总概括词否定词not连时表示部分否定意思非……
8 make up：化妆编造组成(部分组成整体)占…(例)
be made up of：整体部分组成
be composed of
consist of
make up for：弥补
9 in(out of) conditionin good(bad) condition：情况良(糟糕)
Onupon condition that(引导条件状)：果……条件
10 vi 受苦受害受损失
He suffered a lot during the war
suffer Your reputation will suffer
vt：遭受容忍耐住
He is suffering the loss of his wife
These plants cannot suffer a cold winter
suffer from 患…病受…苦
Last week I suffered from a bad cold
His hometown suffered from heavy floods in 1998
二语法专题──定语句解题方法
1 通读全句判断否定语句
2 题干疑问句恢复陈述语序
3 认真分析句中提供信息确定定语句类型限制性定语句非限制性定语句
4 确定句中缺成分做出正确选择
5 选项填入句子中语意否通
6 程中注意标点符号位置列连词but and作
三题型纳──完形填空解题决三
根文化背景常识：①利英语国家文化背景知识英语国家文化背景知识包括英语国家风俗惯历史事件理位置等做题时积极调动文化背景知识注意中西文化方面存差异会简化复杂分析判断程选出正确答案②结合生活常识避免常识性错误完形填空文章容常日常生活相关语言握准确时充分利社会知识科普常识帮助判断求时体验生活博览群书
例1： Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents They are very busy working to support the family They don’t act in the romantic ways that I read in books or I se on TV Flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more out of the question
A Taking B Passing C Buying D Sending
[分析]利文化背景知识解答众周知Valentine’s Day西方国家情节天情间夫妻间般互送鲜花庆祝助文化背景知识快选出答案
例2：Roberta appeared on the stage She took a deep breath and began to speak Now she was Portia a strongwilled in Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice The theatre was filled with people She was speaking with a power she had never before experienced the words flowing smoothly from her
A member B actress C player D character
[分析]题考查文化背景知识莎士亚英国文学巨匠作品耳熟详尤威尼斯商更广知中物乐助安东尼奥贪婪私夏洛克机智漂亮鲍西亚根文意知题答案
例3：Fire stations are strangely exciting places In the normal course of events the great doors are shut and behind them the fireengines wait peacefully brightly cleaned and lovingly cared for But the moment the fire alarm sounds the huge doors open immediately and the firemen come
A fleeing B laughing C jumping D rushing
[分析]考查生活常识火警时候消防队员快速出动处rushing表示方式修饰come
Fleeing逃逸laughing笑jumping跳均语境符
例4：It was New Year’s night An aged man was standing at a window He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep____ sky
A grey B blue C black D cloudy
[分析]考查生活常识晚天空颜色般深蓝色
It was a bright Saturday morning in the late fall I had stopped at a café to enjoy a cup of coffee and__1__ the morning newspaper Suddenly I__2__ a hand on the back of my jacket and heard someone say Hey Steve How ya doin’
__3__ up I saw a boy wearing a mechanic’s uniform worn by employees of the gasoline station next to the café He looked__4__ but at first I was unable to__5__ where we had met
He also held a cup of coffee so I asked him to join me Very soon his__6__ and probably my coffee began to thaw(解冻) out my__7__
Five years earlier he had been traveling home late on a February night A fierce__8___ had arrived that afternoon and by midnight the snowdrifts were getting__9___ He recalled__10__ a drift just down the road from my house
He had walked to my house for__11__ I had taken my pickup and a towrope and__12__ his car out of the snowdrift and up to the highway where maintenance(维护) trucks had__13___ away the snow
This has been a__14__ occurrence here during the winter I cannot__15__ the times someone has also pulled my car from a snowdrift
___16__ it was an unforgettable experience for him and his memory of our unexpected meeting in a snowstorm__17__ my entire day
Leo Buscaglia wrote Too often we underestimate(低估) the__18_ of a touch a smile a kind word a listening ear an honest compliment(赞扬) or the smallest act of__19__ all of which have the potential to turn a__20__ around
1 A preview B scan C order D buy
2 A noticed B got C caught D felt
3 A Looking B Standing C Rising D Glaring
4 A sensitive B friendly C familiar D grateful
5 A reflect B determine C regain D recall
6 A story B experience C appearance D greetings
7 A heart B feeling C memory D wonder
8 A sandstorm B snowstorm C hurricane D rainfall
9 A high B slippery C thin D deep
10 A blocking B hitting C knocking D crashing
11 A help B advice C emergency D shelter
12 A pulled B dragged C pushed D dug
13 A collected B cleared C threw D melted
14 A basic B common C forgettable D practical
15 A count B keep C master D predict
16 A Besides B Therefore C However D Otherwise
17 A covered B influenced C brightened D filled
18 A meaning B relation C value D power
19 A caring B offering C sharing D forgiving
20 A course B fate C truth D life
文篇夹叙夹议文章作者咖啡馆里喝咖啡时候遇风雪夜帮助年轻作者已记起方年轻作者予帮助年忘作者意识善意举动力量
15 BDACD 610 ACBDB 1115 AABBA 1620 CCDAD
第11讲
Language points
1 lean againstonupon+n
n+againstonupon+n
back仰
forward俯身前
to the left左侧身
totoward…：倾……倾斜
2 match +n +towith +n：…（…）调相配
match +n +againstwith +n：…（…）交手…赛
3 be sure ofabout +npron：…握确信…
thatclause：确信
whclause：确定…知道…
sb be sure to do：定会…必定…
sb be certain to do
It is certain thatclause
thatclause
make sure+ of sthdoing sth：确信…握
to do sth：定做…
4 expect+ sbsth：期预料
to do sth：期做某事
n+ to do：期…做…
to be done：期……
thatclause
…+ thanas+ clause
(it is) expected
You arrived earlier than I had expected
expected
5 appear 接as if 强调外表某种印象时含实际非
起 seem：as if 暗示判断定根种判断接事实
look：接likeas if强调视觉印象面形容词
6 engage sb to sb：某某订婚
get engaged to sb：某订婚(动作)
be engaged to sb：某订婚(状态)
be engaged in (doing) sth：忙事某事
7 It is no gooduse +doing sth
There isseems no point in doing sth
There is no need to do sth
8 use uprun out of 完
give outrun out 耗
9 rather than：
other thanexcept
or rather：更确切说
10 get through：做完办完完通接通度完
go through：历(痛苦困难)翻阅参观查
look through：浏览
see through：穿透
break through：突围
put through：电话接通成交完成
pull through：()恢复健康()度难关
11 be present at…：出席
present adj：做置定语：All the people present are students
present sth to sb 某颁发……赠送…
present sb with sth
for the present：暂时
up to the present：直现
at present：目前
present n：礼物
12 be known asfortoin
under debate
would like to do
feel like doing
13 adapt to：适合
to relate to：…关
get down to：开始做着手
介 stick to：坚持
词 pay attention to：注意
look forward to：期

addict oneself to：沉溺…
be addicted to：沉溺…
devote…to…：致力
二语法专题──名词性句解题思路
1 通读全句首先考虑某种句型
2 题干疑问句首先恢复正常语序
3 观察设空前前确定相关句性质
4 确定句性质回忆相关句法特点作出取舍
5 注意标点符号列连词(and but)作
6 选项代入句子前否语意贯通
三题型纳──完形填空解题决四
灵活掌握名词动词句子中应①结合语境名词动词词义辨析选出佳答案：词义辨析集中实词名词动词形容词副词设题通常义词反义词易混词形式出现求做题时根文语境确定答案意义相反相差较选项剔掉选择句子结构完整语法正确语意符合逻辑佳答案②夯实基础牢记含名词动词短语固定搭配：含义清晰名词动词短语固定搭配边读边猜测答案遇空白前构成固定搭配选项符合文意考虑选项时注重短语固定搭配积累
例1： Only a miracle(奇迹) can save him now the little girl went to her bedroom and took out her piggy bank She emptied all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully Then she her way six blocks to the local drugstore
And what do you want asked the chemist
A followed B made C felt D found
[分析]考查动词词组辨析语境女孩听父母谈弟弟病厉害家里已没剩少钱奇迹救倒空储钱罐结合文问话And what do you want Asked the chemist知药店Followed one’s way 着走made one’s way …走felt one’s way 摸索前进found one’s way 发现途径结合题意处应选B
例2：Stop that man Vernon shouted He has a bomb Everywhere passengers were____ their feet and screaming
A running over B jumping over C running to D jumping to
[分析]考查结合语境选择动词短语力文提携带炸弹听种情况反应应惊跳起尖着选答案D
例3：Why is setting goals important Because goals can help you you be and experience everything you want in life Instead of just letting life happen to you goals allow yourself to____ your life happen
A leave B cause C make D get
[分析]考查动词短语惯搭配make sb do sth 某做某事余项符合表达惯省略to定式作宾补
例4：I began to feel selfconscious A voice said to me Why can’t you look like her ____ you’re so fat Although I wasn’t fat…
A When B Because C If only D How come
[分析]考查惯搭配How come…意会…什全文语境：作者处班级学生较钱尤穿着方面更挑剔更注意身材唯恐发胖作者考虑情况感算胖处意：什起样？什会胖呢？
第12讲
Language points
1 be convenient to do
be convenient to sb
2 to one’s taste：合某口味
show good taste in：…鉴赏力
have aan…taste：…味道
taste good：吃起
have a taste forin：喜…
3 rob sbplace of sth
steal sth from sb
steal sb sth
4 contribute…to… …捐献(投稿)
contribute to…：促成助
make a contribution totowards：…捐献
5 as follows：
follow the example of：…榜样
6 remind sb of sthremind sb about sth
remind sb thatclause
remind sb to do sth
7 A is to B what C is to D
stand out
start with
set aside：…置旁留出拔出
be gonemissinglostleft
8 impress…on… …印…
impress sb (with sth)：某牢记(某事)
impress sth on sb：某铭记某事
be impressed byatwith：…感动
be impressed on one’s mindmemory：印脑海里
9 recommand+ sbsth to sb：某推荐某某物
sb for sth：推荐某做(某工作)
sth for…：推荐某物作(某途)
sb as…：推荐某…
doing sth：
sb to do sth 建议做某事
thatclause (should)
10 remain +adjndoingto do介词短语：然保持某种状态
It remains to be seen…：…情况发展
remaining：现分词作前置定语：the remaining three dollars
the three dollars left
stay +adj：继续处某种状态
keep + adj 继续处某种状态
n +adjdoing
11 lead to…：导致
lead…to…：…带…
12 differ fromwith sb onaboutupon sth：某…意见
make a difference：起作发生影响
make someno difference：（没）关系影响
二语法专题──状语句考点
高考状语句考查体现成分省略时态代语序倒装连词辨析四方面
1 成分省略
①时间点条件步方式等状语句中果语it句语致谓语动词含be时句语be起省略
Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to
Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible
②较状语句中省略句相部分
I know you more than he (knows you)
Tom is two years older than Alice (is)
③as()引导步状语句表语前冠词省略
Hero as he is he has shortcomings
④省略
Please drop in any time you like
Is it going to rain If so I’ll stay at home but if not we will go out
2 时态代
①时间条件步状语句中须般现时代般时般时代时
If it rains tomorrow we won’t go fishing
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped
②The more…the more…句型中前句起条件状语句作现时表
The harder you work the greater progress you’ll make
③after before as soon as等连词身暗示时间先般时代完成时会产生时间混乱
I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework
The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived
He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory
3 语序倒装
①no sooner…than… hardlyscarcelybarely…when…句型中句常完成时句常般时置句首时句倒装
No sooner had he got home than it began to rain
②sosuch…that… not until…置句首时句倒装
So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak
Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened
4 连词辨析根文语意推断属种状语句然选择连词
三题型纳——完形填空解题决五
握文章脉络识句式特点①握文章脉络偏重观点态度慎边读边做通通览全文基础整体握文脉找出完形填空短文题意作者观点态度文章展开线索等信息②学语法知识积累句型句式高考淡化语法注重情景扎实语法功底良语感完形填空题帮助
例1：It was pouring outside We all stood there____ some patiently others annoyed because nature messed up their hurried day I got lost in the sound and sight of the…
A chatting B waiting C complaining D talking
[分析]细读全文知语境外面着倾盆雨站里等雨停干事情
例2： Tonight was supposed to be____ to celebrate six months You do remember we’re engaged don’t you
A normal B sleepless C special D sad
[分析]篇文章谈情侣历该题易误选B认会激动睡着结合语境知庆祝订婚六月晚应具特殊意义
例3：The story____ to be this George bought a lottery ticket(彩票) a few days ago and won a prize of 500000
A turned up B turned out C turned down D turned off
[分析]考查常见句式句意：事证明样：乔治天前买彩票获奖50万美元turn out to be 结果证明表示结果出意料外四选项中turn out接to be
例4：Ellsworth a patient who had suffered several failures in business did not show much interest in painting at first But____ the weeks went by Swain’s visits grew more frequently
A as B with C since D had to
[分析]分析语境知处意着时间周周处填withwith接句子As time went by 着时间推移熟知句式
For some time I’ve had a church member provide me with a rose to pin on my suit every Sunday __1__ I always got a flower on Sunday morning I really did not__2__ much of it It was a nice gesture that became__3__ One Sunday however what I considered__4__ became very special
As I was leaving the Sunday service a little boy__5__ and said Sir what are you going to do with your flower Do you__6__ this I said pointing to the rose pinned to my coat
He said Yes sir I would like it if you are__7__ going to throw it away The little boy said Sir I’m going to give it to my granny My mother and father got_8__ last year I was living with my mother but I could not__9__ so she sent me to live with my grandmother She has been so good to me that I want to give that pretty flower to her for__10__ me
When the little boy finished I could hardly__11__ My eyes filled with tears and I knew I had been touched in the__12__ of my soul I reached up and__13__ my flower With the flower in my hand I looked at the boy and said Son that is the__14__ thing I have ever heard but you can’t have this flower because it’s not__15__ If you’ll look in front of the platform you’ll see a big__16__ of flowers Different families buy them for the__17__ each week Please take those flowers to your granny because she__18__ the very best
If I hadn’t been__19__ enough already he made one last statement and I will always treasure it He said What a__20__ day I asked for one flower but got a beautiful bouquet
1 A Because B Although C If D Once
2 A speak B think C remind D care
3 A rule B practice C custom D routine
4 A valuable B useless C ordinary D normal
5 A approached B stopped C interrupted D followed
6 A notice B see C like D mean
7 A always B just C ever D already
8 A divorced B lost C disturbed D troubled
9 A stand B understand C stay D help
10 A comforting B adopting C supporting D loving
11 A move B speak C breathe D refuse
12 A depths B back C bottom D corner
13 A uncovered B unloaded C unpinned D unwrapped
14 A sweetest B nicest C saddest D strangest
15 A real B fresh C expensive D enough
16 A pile B bouquest C collection D chain
17 A relatives B old C poor D church
18 A deserves B proves C sounds D matches
19 A challenged B surprised C touched D taught
20 A sunny B special C lucky D wonderful
15 ABDCA 610 DBACD 1115 BACBD 1620 BDACD









第13讲
Language points
1 lack+ wisdommoney
v be lacking in+courage
lack for nothing
for lack of：缺乏…
have no lack of：缺乏…
athe lack of：…缺乏
2 persuade sb to dopersuade sb into doing sth
persuade sb not to dopersuade sb out of doing
sb to dourge sb into doing：强烈求某干某事
urge sth on sb：某强调某事
thatclause+(should) do：强烈求…
3 on the contrary
be contrary to…
on the other hand
4 in case+句
in case of+短语
in thisthat case
in any case
5 be content with：…感满足
be satisfiedpleased with
be content to do…：满足做…
content (n)：容目录
6 at (the) sight of：见
at first sight：乍见
catchgethave (a) sight of：见发现

lose sight of：见
out of sight：视线外
inwithin sight：视线
7 live through：活历…未死
live with：…住接受忍受某事
live on：…生
live by+doing：…生
8 knock about：处漫游(风浪)击(船)
knock into sb：撞(某)
knock down：撞倒
knock over：撞翻
knock…off…：……撞
9 what’s up
wha’s the matter
what’s wrong
what’s happening
10 witness n：目击者证证
vt：目击证明…作证
tip n：费尖尖端
vt：倾斜倾倒…费
11 at hand：处手边
nearclose at hand：手边
on hand：手头
in hand：手中掌握中
by hand：手工
at second hand：间接二手
hand in hand：手拉手关系密切
12 in harmony with：…协调谐
leave out：省遗漏
leave…alone：理会…
be worn out：筋疲力
二语法专题──特殊句式考点
特殊句式包括：倒装句强调句省略句反意疑问句谓致情景交际句式基结构特殊情况法句式重点熟记法注重句意理解
三题型纳──阅读理解解题决──旨意题
1 根文章第段首句确定文章旨新闻报道第段般首先概括全文中心外说明性议性文章会开门见山提出文章中心阐述观点文章第句话第段全文旨意概括文进步解释说明般具体事例信息全文具先总分特点捕捉文章题句时应该包含题句段落进行适分析
例：Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess if they are properly used If fire didn’t hurt when it burned children would play with it until their hands were burned away Similarly if pain existed but fear didn’t a child could burn itself again and again because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before A really fearless soldierand some do existis not a good soldier because he is soon killed and a dead soldier is of no use to his army Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might soon die out…
Q The best title for this passage should be____
A No pains No Gains B Pain and Actions
C The Value of Fear D The Reason Why People Fear
[分析]文章第句话开门见山点明题：果利恐惧痛苦动物拥两样价值东西文展开述说明恐惧价值答案C
2 题句篇尾题句位段末文章特点作者采先摆事实结写作手法作者表述细节纳点结建议结果概括题做题时判断读容细节性描述涉问题集中表达果文章首先提容般性事实细节描写具体事例文章中心纳作者观点意图体现极重点细读段然回头利题句进步理解文章细节
例：…Free time increased considerably following the shortening of the working week ie from six days to five days and from ten hours to eight hours a day In fact the working day couldn’t be too long otherwise people wouldn’t have the time to spend their money The amount of a family’s budget spent on outside entertainment such as parties films and concerts has increased from just under 6 in Ford’s day to about 9 today On the other hand we spend only a quarter of what our greatgrandparents paid for reading materials
It is difficult to see how our spending patterns may change in the future We already know that our population is aging and this will have an effect on the amount of money we spend on medical care
Q What is the subject discussed in the text
A Changing patterns in spending B Changes in family planning
C Decrease in food demand D Increase in family income
[分析]结合前文提细节知文章段第句话全文讨题──消费方式变化答案A
3 旨出现文章中间议文说明文中作者首先列举说明错误观点认识误区然点明观点说明中心点题样文章题句出现篇中
例：A close friend siad If I could only figure this out I think I could find happiness I have heard this before and will hear it again I am sure
Many people believe that finding happiness is all about finding something else they want Not many have ever found long term happiness by achieving another goal The answer to finding happiness is to look within yourself
In other words happiness is a completely inside job The most important piece to finding happiness is to comprehend happiness is a choice and not the result of an experience If all happiness could be found as the result of an acquisition(成) meeting a goal or having anything then a person’s happiness would always be subject to something else
Q Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A Look within to find happiness
B Happiness a choice or the result of an experience
C The definition of happiness
D How can we create happiness
[分析]作者首先引观点然材料第二段点明题：心寻找幸福B项表示确定两种观点作者意图符C项仅仅文章细节D项文章述中心
第14讲
Language points
1 reach＋点数字
达 get普通语
获 achieve＋目标希成功
win赢＋赛荣誉
gain获(某种利益)＋金钱验
2 put in：断插嘴插入
put away：放收起留存
put on：穿演
put off：推迟延期
put out：生产扑灭
put up：举起张贴
put aside：搁置旁储存
put down：写记
put back：放回送回
put forward：提出意计划
3 hesitate in (doing) sth：…方面犹豫灵敏
hesitate about doing sth：关…犹豫决
hesitate what to do：犹豫着知做什
hesitate to do sth：愿(欲)做某事
4 a leadon collision：正面突(相撞)
come into collision with：…突

in collision：相撞突中
in the collision with：…碰撞中
collision between A and B：AB相撞
5 set about+doing
set out to do sth
set outset off
6 benefit sbsth：…受益
sb benefit fromby：…中获益
7 all the way：路直始终
on theone’s way (to)：…路
in the way：挡道
8 It is likely thatclause
It is possibleprobable thatclause
sbsth be likely to do
It is possible for sb to do sth
sth is probable
9 rob
warn
cure +sb of sth
cheat
inform
10 throw light uponon：阐明…
be absorbed in：全神贯注…热衷…
be available for sthto do sth：…效利
be sensitive to sth：…敏感
rang from…to…：范围……
二题型纳──阅读理解解题决二──事实细节题
事实细节文章机组成部分作者表达中心思想具体手段准确理解篇文章必须重视名日期事实数点等
1 原文直接找答案需信息解答类题时采号入座方法先找原文关键信息然原文中信息面题目答案
例：…The new strategy involves fuel cells which are devices that use chemical reactions to produce electrical currents Researchers from St Louis University used a type of protein called enzymes(酶) In the cells of living things including people enzymes are what spark chemical reactions To keep up with the pace that our bodies demand our cells constantly produce new enzymes as the old ones break down
Scientists had tried using enzymes in fuel cells before but they had trouble keeping the electricity flowing That’s because unlike the enzymes in our cells the enzymes in fuel cells break down faster than they can be replaced
To get around this problem the St Louis researchers invented molecules that wrap around an enzyme and protect it Inside this molecular pocket an enzyme can last for months instead of days
Q Researchers have molecules wrap around an enzyme in order to____
A make the enzymes in fuel cells break down slower
B produce enough enzymes to break down
C keep up with the pace that our bodies demand
D keep the enzymes in fuel cells from breaking down
[分析]第四段句话That’s because unlike the enzymes in our cells the enzymes in fuels cells break down faster than they can be replaced知目燃料电池中酶分裂速度降低答案A
2 信息进行加工类题目够文章中找信息原文信息做题直接需需原文信息进行合理加工处理作简单推理介事实细节题推理判断题间种题型
例：In the summer of 1941 I was 5 years old It was a time when the Nickles Bakery sent salesmen in redandwhite trucks doortodoor in our town of Greenville Pennsylvania selling baked goods
One day a Nickles salesman drove his truck loaded with goodies into our driveway He opened the rear doors took out his display of baked goods and went into our home to offer my mother the specialties of the day
While he was inside I sneaked around to the rear of his truck with its doors wide open and I took a package of oatmeal(燕麦) cookies hurried to the rear of the house and ate the entire package of cookies
Soon the truck sped away and I never gave what I had done another thought…until 27 years later during the summer of 1968
Q In the 27 years after he ate the oatmeal cookies the author____
A felt sorry all the time B tried to find the salesman and pay him
C never thought about what he had done
D often remembered the scene
[分析]文章第四段知作者27年中做事情忘记没想Soon the truck sped away and I never gave what I had done anther thought…until 27 years later during the summer of 1968原文中never gave…another thoughtC选项中never thought about相应
3 综合信息题类题目信息仅仅涉文章某句话涉文章句话时散落文章段落求原文提供信息综合起分析断章取义张冠李戴
例：I lacated the bakery and told the superintendent() my story expecting him to understand my plight and tally up the charges
I’d pay up and my conscience would be put at ease
Instead he laughed out loud and said You mean to tell me that you want to pay for something that happened 27 years ago when you were only 5 years old
He laughed again and said Reverend(牧师) consider the debt paid
I felt relieved and my conscience was right
Q Why did the author feel his conscience was right in the end
A Because he paid for those cookies plus 27 years of interest
B Because he was respected as a minister by the superintendent
C Because the superintendent told him the debt had been paid
D Because he was pardoned by the superintendent
[分析]综合说话知没作者付钱原谅作者时作者心释然答案D
第15讲
Language points
1 complain to sb aboutof sth
take a complaint to sb aboutof sth
2 apologize to sb for (doing) sth
make an apology to sbsay sorry to sb
3 on doing sth
insist+ 坚持…坚决求＋that+(should) do
认坚持说＋that+陈述语气
4 It is no harmgooduse+doing
It is useless+doing
It is a waste(of timemoney)+doing
It is worthwhile+doing
There is no gooduse+in+doing
There is no use to do sthfor sth
There is no need to do sth
There is no doubt aboutthatclause
There is no sense+in+doing
There is no point+in+doing
5 beget used to+doingbeome used to+doing：惯…
used to do sth：惯…
be used to do sth：做…
6 for sale：售
on sale：市减价
7 How are you getting onalong with…：询问相处情况某工作学进展情况

What does…look like：询问某(物)外表起侧重事物外表
What is…like：询问物品质性外表询问天气
What does sb like：询问某喜欢什？
How do you like…What do you think of…：某认…样
What are you：询问某职业？
8 exchange sth for sth
exchange sth with sb
in exchange for：作交换（…交换）
9 view：眼界视野外表示观点风景等
image：指想心中影意象指肖形象
sight：视野强调视域身数名词
outlook：景色指里面外景色
10 in respect of：涉关
respectful：尊敬礼貌
respectable：体面身份
respect (nv)：尊敬
11 trial and error：反复实验断摸索
be aware of：意识…知道…
allow for：考虑…
be willing to dothatclause+(should) do：愿意做…
in vain：徒劳
drive off：驱赶
stand on ceremony：拘形式
adjust (oneselfsth) to sth：适应…
participate intake part in
二题型纳──阅读理解解题决三──推理判断题
题型短文结隐含意义(寓意)作者倾文章调写作思路目等进行考查原文中没提情况进行推理想象理解原文基础观全文汇集短文提供项信息严格作者陈述观点描述事实进行正确合逻辑推引申选出符合原文信息作者意图观认合理佳答案
1 写作意图题文章作者点明写作意图读者体会种情况出现记叙文夹叙夹议文章中
例：ALBANY New York Students who rely on working at night to improve their grades might want to sleep on that strategy a new survey in the US says those who never study all night have slightly higher grades than those who do
A survey of 120 students at St Lawrence University found that students who have never pulled an allnighter on average have higher grades than those who have The survey found those who do not study through the night have a grade point average of 32 compared to 295 for those who have
Q The purpose of the passage is to tell us____
A the bad effects of pulling an allnighter
B pulling an allnighter leads to sleep problems
C doubts about allnighters
D allnighters hurt students’ grades
[分析]段科普阅读材料介绍项研究──晚突击学成绩非没提高反受影响D项作者写作目A项意义范围B项偏离文章说明中心容C项意义模糊
2 态度倾题作者态度倾隐含文章中会明确说明态度倾题较难度推理判断题型类题目般分两类：作者某具体事物观点法类作者某物评价议文记叙文考查作者态度倾果议文应该抓住作者点果记叙文应该特注意作者总结性文字
例：The NBA now has a serious image problem more than any other sport it’s pulled in two opposite directions As it’s been for years whites make up a majority of the fans blacks make up a majority of the players And as those players have benefited from everupwardspiraling(断升) paychecks they’ve exercised their influence to shape the sight of the game around them in their own image
…
The NBA has the potential to be a bridge between cultures a way to bring both sides together in cheering some of the best athletes of any color But it’s a fragile bridge indeed where every black or white element apparently forces out its ethnic(种族) opposite And it’s not hard to imagine a time when nobody will be interested in crossing over
Q The author’s attitude towards the NBA culture could be described as____
A supportive B doubtful C critical D neutral
[分析]文议文分析全文作者认NBA文化中黑文化白文化间互相突利NBA发展作者实际NBA文化进行批判A项支持B项怀疑D项中立
3 细节推断题细节推断根文章中阐述细节运基础知识进行分析推敲复出符合文章原意结种推断方法类题求根语篇关系推断具体细节时间点物关系物身份具体信息等解答类题文章提供信息出发抓住关键信息词运逻辑思维哲学原理助定常识进行分析推理判断进行细节推断必须吃透相关文段意思
例：In many countries the standard of living enjoyed by their people had increased rapidly in recent years Sadly not everyone in these countries is so fortunate and many people in rich countries are homeless
The reasons for homelessness are various but poverty is undoubtedly one of the main causes The homeless people may have become jobless and then unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads Often the fact that unemployed people get help from the government prevents this from happening but not always
…
Some cynics(愤世嫉俗) declare that homeless people choose to live the life which they lead But who would willingly choose to live in a shop doorway under a bridge or in a cardboard box
Q It can be inferred from the text that____
A you will not find homeless people in countries with a high standard of living
B the mental ill live on the street because they want the company of other homeless people
C he unemployed who receive help may still be among the homeless
D the homeless are willing to live under a bridge or in a cardboad box
[分析]根第二段句Often the fact that unemployed people get help from the government prevents this from happening but not always知政府会(偶尔)帮助失业员常失业员然家
4 逻辑结题逻辑结型试题特点考查逻辑思维判断力求根文章提供细节推断出合逻辑容解答类题首先找出短文题然题意求进行推断
例：…Chapman feels it his duty to help the rural areas that get left behind Ask him about the satisfaction of setting up the community wireless network and he’ll mention two women who are attending online universitiesor grandparents easily emailing their grandchildren far away
When the members of the community contribute their effort like this they feel a sense of ownership Chapman says We may operate the network but it’s owned by the citizens of the community It’s for the public good
Q From the last two paragraphs we know that____
A West Virginia Broadhand only does good to old citizens
B West Virginia Broadhand is operated by the community
C Chapman is a man of social responsibilities
D Chapman isn’t very much satisfied with his work
[分析]文中Chapman描述话中感受着强烈社会责感感帮助偏远区责样做公众利益
5 预测想象题预测想象型试题考查容般文意中没明确说明根语篇握作者写作思路事件出现结局文涉容文容进行科学合理预测
例：…Completing a college application can take some time But answering all the questions is not enough Another important step is taking admissions tests The SAT is the college entry test that American high school students most commonly take Another one is the ACT
Colleges and universities may also require international students to take the TOEFL (the Test of English as a Foreign Language)
If you have a general question for our Foreign Students Series write to special@voanewscom
Q What will the author most probably talk about next
A SAT B ACT C FSS D TOEFL
[分析]第段介绍美国高中生学入学考试两段提外国考生参加TOEFL考试文极加说明
第16讲
Language points
1 have mercy on：…表示怜悯
at the mercy of：…摆布控制
beg…for mercy：乞求…怜悯
show (littlemuch) mercy to sb：…(毫非常)仁慈
without mercy：怜悯心
2 keep sb company
accompany sb to a place
in the company of sb
accompany sb (aton sth)：某伴奏
3 (c)wealth：(量)财产
fortune (u)luck：机会运气
(c)fate：前途命运
fortunatelucky
fortunatelyluckily
4 a spare room：备房间
in one’s spare time：某空闲时间里
spare me five minutes：抽出5分钟
spare no efforts：遗余力
spare no expense：惜成
spare time：花费时间
kill time：消磨时间
waste time：浪费时间
5 in terms of：…言…角度根
in the long term：长远
in the short termat the moment：目前
in sb’s terms：…
in relative terms：相言
in generalpracticalfinancial：总体实际财政角度
6 go about (doing) sth：着手事某事
as far as I know：知
goget down on one’s knees：跪
tend to do：倾干什
tend to sth：倾什
therefore (adv)as a result of that
so (conj)
7 in the eyes of sbin sb’s eyesin one’s opinion：某
keep an eye on sb：留神
look sb in the eye：目转睛某
keep one’s eyes open：留心密切注意
8 sb sth：某端…
sb with sthsth to sb：出…款某
serve to do sth：起…作
as…：担充…
sbsth：…服务端(饭菜)
First come first served：先先招
Make the past serve the present：古
Let those who can serve as teachers：者师
二题型纳──阅读理解解题决四──词义猜测题
利文章提供语境推测生词阅读必备技词义猜测题高考必考题型考词汇生词熟词新义称代词指代容
1 根定义解释复述猜测词义种情况生词出现前面定义解释生词面or破折号引出找准正确理解生词释义生词含义清楚释义部分单词短语句子做类题时注意生词复述部分构成位语句中逗号破折号号分号等连接
例：…In another survey 79 of teens agreed that people at their age aren’t careful enough when giving out information about themselves online Besides careless blogging can also affect blog viewers When you are angry or frustrated your blog is the first place you turn to The words you post then may not be rational which you may regret later To minimize the negative effect change the permission setting and make such posts private so that only you can read them
As long as you are careful with what you post blogging is a great means of staying in touch with friends and displaying one’s creative works
Q The underlined word rational probably means____
A strange B perfect C helpful D reasonable
[分析]通句中定语句which you may regret later知令悔话肯定理智欠思考太合理发泄表达D选项贴rational意思：合理道理
2 根果关系猜测词义果关系总时出现文章中时原前结果时结果前原根特定逻辑关系推测生词含义
例：…Technology greatly influences our standpoint on how fast we think everything needs to be done If you put a dollar in the soda machine you expect the bottle to move forward and fall down to the bottom You can’t count how many times you’ve smacked the machine if it went too slow for your expectations You wanted instant results immediate fulfillment…
Q The underlined word smacked in the paragraph probably means____
A clapped B hit C kicked D pushed
[分析]句半部分if it went too slow for your expectations知带果显然机器满意知道拍少次四选项中B符合A：鼓掌轻拍C：踢D：推均合适
3 根搭配关系猜测词义时分析句子结构辨句子成分分清搭配关系判断词义前提通搭配关系确定划线名词指代象物外转折词but步条件状语句unlike in spite of despite however等介词副词构成意义关系
例：Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in an art museum called the Louvre in Paris France The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries The Louvre has not always been a museum The first building was a fort In 1190 it was the king’s castle with high walls and a round tower It had a moat to keep out his enemies Over the years the number of buildings around the castle grew By 1350 the castle was no longer needed as a fort The Louvre became a palace home for French kings and queens
Q The underlined word moat probably means____
A a high tower built in former times where soldiers watched out for enemies
B a long and deep ditch dug round a castle and was usually filled with water
C a cart pulled by horses on which soldiers fought
D a long and high wall around castle
[分析]句中知国王城堡着高高围墙圆形塔楼接提抵御敌moat围墙塔楼排AD马车符合逻辑应该护城河壕沟选B
第17讲
Language points
1 concern (vt)：涉关心
concern(n)：关心担心关联
concerning(prep)as concerns：关…
be concerned with：…关
have no concern with：…关
show concern for sb：关心某
asso far as…be concerned：…言
2 rise(vi)
raise(vt)
arise(vi)arosearisen：出现发生
arouse(vt)arousedaroused：唤醒唤起
3 feed(v) (fed fed)：喂养
feed sb (sth)：喂食
feed sb withon sth：…喂养
feed sth to sb：喂……吃
(animals) feed on…：(动物)…食
feed on：常动物
live on：常
4 be anxious aboutfor sbsth：担心…
be anxious for sth：…担心忧虑
be anxious (for sb) to do sth：渴某物
5 in consequenceas a result：结果
in consequence of：…缘
as a consequence (of)：作…结果
consequence：指发生结果果
result：指结果(cause)相
6 pass away：世逝世
pass by：…旁走
pass on：传递传授
pass through：穿…历…
pass off：消失
pass down：传
pass out：昏倒
7 blame sb for (doing) sth
blame sth on sb
sb be to blame for (doing) sth
sb be blamed for sth
8 charge sb money for sth
价 charge money for sth
sb be in charge of sth
sth be in the charge of sb
9 admit sbsth into to sth：允许某(物)进入
sb be admitted to schoolhospital
sth
admit+ doing sth
承认 thatclause
10 make sense：讲通道理意义
make sense of sth：懂解…含义
make no sense：讲通意义
in a sense：某种意义言
11 be involved in：参卷入
go with：…相符相配
attach to：…属参加附属
associate…with…：……联系起
react to sth：…作出反应
react onupon：…产生影响
leave behind：忘带留
be abundant inwith：丰富量
go for：…喜欢…
tie…to…：…系拴…
what if…：果…办？
remark onupon sbsth：谈评某物
beyond one’s power：超出某力
12 apply oneself to：专注…
apply…to…：应…适
apply to…：适…
apply (to sb) for…：(…)申请请求
13 lay off：解雇
lay down：放武器交出
lay out：展开展示
lay aside：…搁置旁
14 tell…apart：区分分辨
take…apart：…拆开
apart frombesides
apart fromexcept
15 get hold of：抓住
get along with…：…相处进展
get rid of：掉
二题型纳──短文改错解题决
短文改错做常见类型记牢
名词爱考数格冠词前错少
动词时态语态非谓搭配莫错
连代形副错样意混淆
介词半考搭配漏误想周
句法涉致句考关系词
语法句法均未错逻辑推理寻找
二六惯常回读复查敲定稿
注：①致包括谓致代词相应限定词数性称方面致语语补语宾语宾语补足语致②二六通常指处处余两处需补加成分六处需更改然非定仅供参考
1 常见词法错误短文改错试题中词法错误包括动词名词冠词形容词副词代词介词等词类误义词混淆固定搭配错误等方面根句子成分分析句子结构具体词含义作出正确判断解答类试题关键
①动词设错形式般：动词时态语态谓致非谓语动词谓语动词缺失短暂性动词延续性动词混等
例：I will send you the photos we take together last week[分析]考查谓语动词时态根句意发送周拍摄片知片拍摄应般时
例：The color TV set produced in their factory are selling to several countries[分析]考查谓语动词语态根句意工厂生产彩色电视机卖许国家知动语态
例：More than one student have attended the meeting about the wildlife protection[分析]考查谓致many a more than one修饰单数名词概念表示复数意义中心词单数谓语动词应单数形式
例：We found that some little girls were made do the job from morning till night[分析]考查非谓语动词make接带to定式作宾补动语态中定式符号to省略
例：According to the survey students working to earn money for their own use[分析]谓语动词缺失该句中workingving形式单独作谓语根句意应working改原形work作谓语动词
例：They had got in touch with each other for ages before they met at last[分析]考查短暂性动词延续性动词辨析get in touch with表示短暂性动作表示时间段for ages连应got改keptbeen
②名词数名词单复数数名词名词格名词作定语等考查
例：Xiao Ming and I walked into the bar and ordered two coffee
[分析]考查数名词单复数误coffee数名词数词连时数名词表示杯咖啡两杯coffee改coffees
例：Holding the Olympic Games is great success to our country
[分析]考查抽象名词具体化success成功讲时数名词指具体件事时数名词前面须加定冠词a
例：The woman teachers are dancing in the hall and everyone is happy
[分析]考查名词作定语man woman等作定语时单复数形式修饰名词单复数定处应该woman改women
③冠词固定搭配中冠词误冠词漏定冠词aan误等方面进行考查
例：Suddenly I caught a sight of my old friend in the crowd
[分析]考查固定搭配catch sight of固定搭配意瞥见
例：Everyone knows that the sun rises in east[分析]考查冠词漏表示方位方等名词前定冠词the
例：On the way to the village they met a 11yearold boy who looked a little frightened[分析]考查定冠词短语11yearold读音元音音素[i]开头前应定冠词an
④形容词副词试题中般设两行难度适中常见考点：形容词副词误形容词副词较等级误较等级修饰语误等
例：Some students will be happy in an open educational school than in a traditional classroom[分析]考查形容词较等级该句中含than较级句型happy应改happier
例：I was very angry but they were very angrier[分析]考查较等级修饰语较级前表示程度副词even much very much still any a lot a bit a little far等修饰very quite so fairly等词修饰形容词副词较级
⑤代词常见考点：称代词物代词误定代词误等类试题解答关键准确握行文逻辑关系
例：The twins begin to hate this kind of work that can destroy his happiness[分析]考查物代词该句语twins复数形式面代词his单数形式语致应his改their
例：He and his children felt tired but neither of them would stop to have a rest[分析]考查定代词neither指两该句明显指三三neither应改none
⑥介词考查介词遗漏
例：Last Sunday we took a bus to visit to a factory
[分析]考查介词visit作名词时常介词to连构成短语pay a visit to意参观拜访作动词时物动词面直接表示点名词
例：I disagreed him about how we ought to deal with the matter
[分析]考查介词遗漏Disagree with sb about sth意意某某事
2 常见句法错误短文改错中句法错误通常表现简单句复合句疑问句祈句感叹句强调句等错误类句子短文改错中占例较解答类试题时句子结构分析正确关键
①简单句考查基句型
例：His words made all of us were happy[分析]考查简单句make接复合宾语应掉be动词were
例：How beautiful flowers he gave me as a present for my birthday
[分析]考查感叹句感叹词该句中beatiful修饰名词flowers应what引导
例：There had a discussion on how to solve the problem yesterday afternoon[分析]考查there be句型There be句型表示谓语动词be动词
②强调句考查基句型结构
例：It was at midnight when my brother and I got back home yesterday
[分析]考查强调句型判断it is…句型强调句型否句恢复成原句否it iswas…thatwho…掉果掉剩成分然组成完整句子强调句型否
例：Why is that smoking is not allowed here[分析]句强调句强调疑问词why该句强调句型掉原成：Why is smoking not allowed here
③复合句状语句定语句名词性句等考查解答类试题关键读懂句意基础判断属什句
例：When he was a little boy his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family[分析]考查状语句该句so…that…句型意……very改so
例：The clever boy made a hole in the wall through it he could climb out[分析]考查定语句分析句子知两分句间没列连词列句分句应该定语句修饰先行词hole应it改关系代词which
3 常见行文逻辑错误情况短文改错试题中判断错误某词身甚整句子身文整篇文章理解属文章逻辑关系考查求做题时准确握文章意思逻辑关系篇章结构等
（1）前句间文中逻辑错误
例：This was a lie and his teacher did not know[分析]考查句间逻辑关系应该转折关系and改but
例：Xiao Ming and I went to the same school and then to the same university So we hadn’t met each other since then[分析]前两句子应该转折关系果关系
（2）代词副词指代引起逻辑错误
例：I gave private makeup lessons to three of my friends so that we would have a chance of passing the examination[分析]考查代词指代根句意出前称致应we改they指代three of my friends
例：I’ll never forget the first day at that factory We arrived here early in the morning[分析]that factory知作者写句话时立足点工厂应here改there表示离说话较远方
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