国家开放学电高级英语阅读(1)网络课形考网考作业答案
100通
考试说明：2020年秋期电该网络课纳入国开台进行考核该课程2形考务针该门课程汇总该科题形成完整标准题库会断更新考生复作业考试起着非常重作会您节省量时间做考题时利文档中查找工具考题中关键字输查找工具查找容框迅速查找该题答案文库网核教学考体化答案敬请查
课程成绩百分制计分章exercise测验占70计分学活动占20％网学表现占10三项成绩总分达60分方获课程学分
形考务（70分）
Chapter 1 Exercise（分值7分）
题目1
I Vocabulary skills（3 points）
Look at the columns below Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left (05 points each)
1the bus or subway
2proof of completion of courses of students
3money for students from scholarships grants or loans
4formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study
5courses by video video conferencing or computers to students in different places
6the points or grade a student gets on a test
答案：
II Reading Comprehension (4 points)
Read the passages then answer the questions that follow (1 point each )
Experiencing Culture Shock
A When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian she was excited to live in a new country to improve her Chinese and to experience a culture so different from her own But soon her excitement turned to frustration as she encountered one roadblock after another I felt like I couldn＇t accomplish anything My dorm room had no heat I couldn＇t get into the classes I wanted and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround I felt like no one was listening to me Eliza met with administrators sent letters of complaint and even contacted the consulate in Beijing but she got nowhere What Eliza didn＇t realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I＇m doing In fact it＇s really fun being in a place that＇s so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to
B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston Although he is an honors student now Yoshi didn＇t always have such an easy time studying in America Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates At first it seemed like I wasn＇t actually learning anything Yoshi＇s reaction was to totally withdraw he didn＇t participate in class discussion he spent lots of time alone in his room and he even skipped class on occasion I thought I could teach myself Now I recognize the value of the US academic system and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style
C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture For many international students studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages However it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it According to psychological studies the four stages of culture shock are 1 euphoria 2 hostility 3 gradual adjustment and 4 adaptation Culture shock can be manifested in many ways homesickness boredom stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture overeating or overdrinking withdrawal and inability to work effectively
D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different ways For example Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal it is not something to be ashamed of Luckily there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly For instance they can stay in touch with family and friends from home join international student organizations meet people from their own countries and get involved in campus activities Most importantly they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive
Recognizing Paragraph Topics（choose the paragraph letter）
题目2
7 an explanation of culture shock
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
题目3
8 ways that students can adjust to living in a new country
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
题目4
9 the experience of an international student in the United States
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
题目5
10 the experience of an international student in China
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
Chapter 2 Exercise（分值7分）
题目1
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase For example sun rain and wind are examples of kinds of weather Look at the columns below Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column (04 points each)
1kinds of extreme weather
2Earth’s natural materials and gases
3 diseases or health disorders
4 seasons of the year
5 natural areas or regions of the earth
答案：
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B or C (1 point each)
Seasonal Affective Disorder More than Just the Blues
A Joshua dreads the winter months not only because of the cold New England weatherthe sleet snow wind and rainbut because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter the days get shorter As the days get shorter he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home eating and sleeping A graduate student in philosophy Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research I soon realized that what I thought was just the ＇winter blues＇ was something more extreme than that Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD
B Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse from December through February) Scientists don＇t completely understand the exact causes of SAD but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the body＇s breathing heartbeat metabolism and hormone release The effects of SAD include moodiness irritability low energy increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes rice and bread) difficulty concentrating and the tendency to oversleep
C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984 humans have probably dealt with the disorder for thousands of years It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months Christmas Hanukkah and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light warmth and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year
D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better Naturally they need more light For people who have mild cases of SAD exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them Phototherapy or light therapy is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder In light therapy patients sit in front of a light box a strong artificial light for up to four hours a day Phototherapy is effective in over 80 of SAD cases and patients usually see results within three to four days Although the symptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness
题目2
6 Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because
选择项：
A he gets little work done
B he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder
C he is a graduate student in philosophy
题目3
7 Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months Scientists believe it is caused by
选择项：
A breathing heartbeat metabolism and hormone release
B moodiness irritability loss of energy increased appetite difficulty concentrating and sleepiness
C lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain
题目4
8 Humans have probably struggled with SAD since
选择项：
A ancient times
B December
C 1984
题目5
9 People who suffer from SAD can to feel better
选择项：
A do light therapy
B take antidepressant drugs
C eat carbohydrates
题目6
10 This passage talks about_____
选择项：
A what the SAD effects are
B Both A and B
C how to help SAD suffers
Chapter 3 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Read the passages then answer the questions that follow (1 point each )
Fast food can be good food
Many people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a dayso they turn to the convenience of fastfood restaurants Many of the items at fastfood restaurants snack bars and food stands are fattening and not very nutritiousBut fast food doesn’t have to be unhealthyyou can eat at fastfood restaurants and still eat well
Pay Attention to Calories and Fat Content
By paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has you can make smarter choicesCalories are units for measuring how much energy a food will producecondsider two fastfood meals A quarterpound hamburger with cheese jumbosize friesand a 16ounce soda have a total of 1535 calories and 76 grams of fat a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich a side salad with lowfat dressingand a glass of water at the same fastfood restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries wellyou can have a small hamburgera small serving of friesand a glass of waterAt a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fatthat’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger friesand 20 grams of fat that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burgerfriesand sada
There’s More That You Can Do
There are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantSFirst of allsay no when the cashier asks you if you want to supersize you meal (order an extra large portion of each item)Second ask for no mayonnaise or sauceor ask for it on the side (in a separate dish)Thirdsubstitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones For exampleinstead of ordering deepfried tempuraorder fresh vegetablesInstead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour creamorder a vegetable burrito with beans and riceand don’t eat the chipsAnother thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it firstThat wayyou will eat some vegetablesand you won’t be able to eat as much of your burger and friesFnallyeat slowly and stop eating when you’re full It sounds simplebut many people keep eating even after they become full
题目1
1What is the main idea of this article ________
选择项：
A It’s smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content
B Fast food is always bad for you
C You can eat well in fastfood restaurant
D Fastfood restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods
题目2
2A small hamburger and small firies has __________
选择项：
A more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad
B the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich and a salad
C fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad
D the same amount of calories and fat as a large portion of fries
题目3
3Some things you can do to eat well in fastfood restaurants are________
选择项：
A ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to surpersizing
B order a vegetable burrito instead of chips and eat sour cream
C order smaller portions and eat all the food you order
D order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water
题目4
4Manyonnaise and sauces probably_________
选择项：
A make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner
B make you eat more because they make your food taste better
C have a lot of fat and calories
D don’t have a lot of fat and calories
题目5
5 By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal_______
选择项：
A you eat less of the rest of your meal
B you eat more slowly
C you get full sooner
D you eat the rest of your meal more quickly
II Vocabulary skills（2 points）
Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box (04 points each)
题目6
changes damaging losing global available
The growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways For example Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan Instead of small meals of seafood rice and vegetables the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat dairy products and desserts like tiramisu a rich Italian dish full of chocolate cheese and sugar According to Japanese health researchers such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease strokes cancer and diabetes On the other hand the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially so the cost of these foods is going up In contrast fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren and families are eating healthier homecooked meals For these reasons fewer Czech men are having heart attacks the women are 10 losing a lot of weight and most people are living healthier lives
Chapter 4 Exercise（分值7分
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
题目1
Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right (04 points each)
1make sense
2pedestrians
3vehicle
4teenager
5fine
答案：
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D (1 point each)
These days it’s getting easier and easier to find your way around Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they don’t get lost GPS stands for Global Positioning System These devices use satellites in space to see where you are and give you directions to where you want to go And if you don’t have a GPS device you can simply go online to get stepbystep directions Websites like MapQuestcom and mappointmsncom can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds But how do they do it
MapQuest® uses data (information) from a few different sources to produce directions and maps Before MapQuest® went online it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations The website uses the data from those paper maps information from digital mapping companies and government databases At the moment MapQuest® uses more than 30 computers to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day
In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another MapQuest® first has to look at all possible routes Then MapQuest® looks at each part of each possible route It considers the types of roads on the different routes Are they dirt roads paved roads freeways or city streets It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are Are they right turns or left turns It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are An intersection is a place where two or more roads cross each other
MapQuest® can also tell you how long your trip will take you It does this by doing some math MapQuest® bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get through each intersection For example it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn Someday maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go but for now mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost
题目2
6What is the main idea of this article
选择项：
A Why mapping websites don’t work well
B Why mapping websites are better than paper maps
C How mapping websites work
D How the first mapping website started
题目3
7According to the article MapQuest®______
选择项：
A started as maker of government databases
B started as an Internet company
C uses millions of computers to read data
D starting by selling paper maps
题目4
8When you search for directions the first thing MapQuest® does is_______
选择项：
A consider how many turns you want to take
B print out a map and directions
C estimate driving time
D look at all possible paths
题目5
9When it’s deciding on the best route MapQuest® probably chooses ________
选择项：
A the route with the most turns
B dirt roads instead of paved roads
C freeways instead of dirt roads
D city streets instead of freeways
题目6
10 To estimate your driving time MapQuest® considers _________
选择项：
A the distance between turns on your route
B the speed limit for half of the route
C the fastest and slowest speed limits on your route
D the speed limits and types of turns on your route
Chapter 5 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Read the five mainidea questions that follow about the information in the reading Three details correctly answer each question Cross out the untrue unrelated detail (1 point each )
题目1
1 What are the definitions of the two main types of families
选择项：
A Human beings lived in looselyrelated groups Each group had a common ancestor long time ago
B The nuclear family consists of two parents and their biological or adopted children
C The extended family may include grandparents parents children and relatives living together on the same street or in the same area
D The nuclear family is the same as the extended family
题目2
2 What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family
选择项：
A The divorce rate went down and the birthrate began to rise in the early 1900s in the United States
B Couples did not want many children then
C In the early 1900s in the United States the divorce rated went down and the birthrate went down
D At that time couples were staying married for few years
题目3
3 What happened to families in industrialized countries in the 1930s and 1940s
选择项：
A Before and during World War II families faced few financial problems and women didn’t have to work away from home
B Men were at war so women had to work outside the home
C Before and during World War II families had problems
D Families had serious financial problems during World War II
题目4
4 What changes will happen to family structure during the next decades
选择项：
A Divorces would be fewer mothers would stay at home after the war
B Children began living at home longer
C After the war family structure changed back
D After the war there were more divorces and fewer stayhomemothers
题目5
5 What will families be like in the future
选择项：
A Many people want the traditional twoparent family back
B Twoparent family will probably come back and all other family forms will end
C Unmarried parents with adopted or foster children and oneperson households
D There may be more singleparent families
II Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box ( 04 points each)
题目6
living extended category typical believe
The Family of the Future
Many people today would like the traditional twoparent family back—that is to say they want a man and a woman to marry for life they also think the man should sport the family and the woman should stay home with the children However few families now fall into this 6 category In fact if more women decide to have children on their own the singleparent household may become more 7 typical than the traditional family in many countries Also unmarried couples may decided to have more children—or they might take in foster children or adopt And because people are staying single and 8 living longer (often as widows) there may be more oneperson households in the future On the other hand some people 9 believe similar events happen again and again in history If this is true people may go back to the traditional 10 extended or nuclear family of the past Others think the only certainty in history is changing in other words the structure of the future family could begin to change faster and faster—and in more and more ways
Chapter 6 Exercise（分值7分）
I Vocabulary skills（2 points）
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D （04 points each）
题目1
1 Some examples of the architecture of old Europe are the magnificent cathedrals and castles The design and building styles of modern architecture are excellent too What does the noun architecture mean in these sentences
选择项：
A the place with significant civilization everywhere
B people that study the culture of old Europe and other societies
C the art and science of designing the study of classical literature
D the form and plan of buildings and other structures
题目2
2 Perhaps the real beginning of civilization—with its scientific and technological discoveries and inventions—was in the Middle East and Africa Over five thousand years ago those ancient civilizations had astronomy mathematics medicine government and so on Which word is a synonym of the word civilization
选择项：
A technology
B cathedral
C culture
D astronomy
题目3
3 The cultural legacy of ancient Chinese and Indian peoples included walled cities the first governments tools for work and weapons for protection odern peoples built on this legacyWhat is a possible explanation of the word legacy
选择项：
A ideas and achievements passed from earlier generations to modern society
B a gift of money that somebody gives to another person
C international business conducted in cities and government structures
D the state or condition of being legal not against the law
题目4
4 For me the idea of ancient culture creates a contradiction in definitions said Karen going against Mei’s views Only modern things can be part of cultureOf course people that like classical art and music will contradict me
What might the noun contradiction mean
选择项：
A the opposition of two opinions
B wearing a Hawaiian shirt in an ancient culture
C the short forms of two words together
D to put words together
题目5
5 Because of the worldwide media—movies TV CDs the Internet newspapers magazines—everybody knows the same information plays the same music and enjoys the same jokesHow might you define the phrase the media
选择项：
A the combination of visual sound and printed ways to send ideas around the world
B communication styles include motions gestures and facial expressions
C the tradition of being in the middle—not on the extremes of possible views
D events that appear in the daily news and that everyone knows about
IIReading Comprehension (5 points)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Write T for True and F for False （1 point each）
题目6
Many visitors to different countries don’t realize how important it is to understand a country’s culture Sometimes people learn this lesson by making a big crosscultural blunder or embarrassing mistake In business situations these blunders can cost a lot of money or end business relationships
6It is important to understand other people’s cultures before you do business with them
选择项：
A F
B T
题目7
For example one company wanted to sell toothpaste in Southeast Asia In their advertisements they claimed that their toothpaste whitens teeth They didn’t understand that many of the local people chewed betel nuts to make their teeth black and that these people thought black teeth were attractive
7 The toothpaste company probably kept using the same advertisement in Southeast Asia
选择项：
A F
B T
题目8
In another case a car company tried to sell a car called Matador in a Spanishspeaking country The company thought that it was a strong name because it means bullfighter In Spanish matador is indeed a noun meaning bullfighter But it is also an adjective meaning killing Imagine driving around in a car called Killing
8 The car company that tried to sell a car to a Spanishspeaking country probably didn’t sell many Matador cars in that country
选择项：
A F
B T
题目9
A European businessman had an important meeting with a company in Taiwan He wanted to bring gifts for the people he was meeting with He thought that something with his company’s logo on it would be a nice gift So he bought some very nice pocket knives and had his company’s logo printed on them He didn’t know that giving a knife as a gift symbolizes cutting off a friendship
9 The European businessman probably researches new cultures before he visits them now
选择项：
A T
B F
题目10
It’s very easy to make blunders like these people did But it’s also very easy not to Before you visit a new country research that country’s customs and etiquette (social rules for polite behavior) You can find a lot of information online Just go to a search engine and type in key words like crosscultural etiquette or cultural information Taiwan By spending a few minutes doing research you can save yourself from a lot of embarrassment and make sure you don’t accidentally offend anyone
10 What you can disagree with people to save yourself from making crosscultural blunders
选择项：
A T
B F
Chapter 7 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Write T for True and F for False on the Answer Sheet (1 point each)
题目1
For instance a doctor doesn’t always have time to thoroughly explain an illness In these cases the Internet can be a valuable resource—a place to read all about the causes symptoms and remedies for an illness
1 One benefit of using the Internet as a medical resource is it has a lot of information about illnesses and diseases
选择项：
A F
B T
题目2
For example some websites claim that sniffing (smelling) a newspaper can cure nausea (the feeling of being sick to your stomach and wanting to vomit)
2 One possible remedy for nausea is drinking a lot of tea
选择项：
A T
B F
题目3
Other websites suggest that a person with a cold should keep a piece of raw garlic in his or her mouth all day and bite down on it every few minutes to release the juice People with smelly feet are told to soak their feet in tea for half an hour
3 The websites remedies might be unpleasant or odd but they probably will cause harm And who knows They might actually be unhelpful
选择项：
A F
B T
题目4
An herbal remedy for helping your memory may also be a blood thinner So if your doctor prescribed (put you on) a blood thinner and you start taking this herb without asking your doctor about it a simple cut could be deadly you might not be able to stop bleeding
4 A person who is taking a prescribed drug should probably talk to the doctor before taking an herbal remedy
选择项：
A F
B T
题目5
The bottom line is this be careful when using the Internet as a health resource Use it to find information that you can discuss with your doctor But don’t spend a lot of money on miracle cures
5 The best way to use the Internet as a medical resource is to read about your illness and discuss what you find out with your doctor
选择项：
A T
B F
II Vocabulary skills（2 points）
Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box ( 04 points each)
题目6
disease substance classification prevent figure
In a smalltown farm market hundreds of elderly people drink a glass of sour dark cherry juice every day These happy senior citizens some of them over the age of 90 claim that the natural fruit juice cures—or at least decreases—the pain of their arthritis a 6 disease of the joints of the aging body It’s a folk remedy not a proven medical therapy Nevertheless science is beginning to 7 figure out why sour cherry juice might work to improve the health of patients with arthritis The secret is in the 8 substance that gives the cherries their dark red color It belongs to a 9 classification of natural nutrients that color blueberries strawberries plums and other fruits—and vegetables too Moreover these coloring substances may help to 10 prevent serious health disorders like heart disease and cancer In other words vitamins and fiber are not the only reasons to eat fruits and vegetables To take advantage of natural whole foods advise nutritionists
Chapter 8 Exercise（分值7分）
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D ( 04 points each)
题目1
1At all hours the media offer language learners reallife audio visual instruction and practice in aural comprehension
选择项：
A hospital and health information
B understanding spoken language
C the answers to test questions
D reallife experience
题目2
2 Highquality TV programming —a good plan of shows about various fields of study—can increase people’s knowledge and improve their thinking abilities
选择项：
A scientific and medical shows
B movies with good music
C academic lecture courses
D choice and organization of shows
题目3
3 Television and video provide almost everyone with good entertainment—a pleasant way to relax and spend free time at home
选择项：
A amusement or pleasure
B freedom from worry and tension
C relaxation through exercise
D fun through serious study
题目4
4 Images of violence on the screen scare people giving them terrible nightmares when they sleep
选择项：
A dark stormy weather
B bad conditions
C physical disabilities
D behavior that hurts people
题目5
5 The talk shows of trash TV make instant stars of real people with strange or immoral ideas who tell their most personal secrets shout angrily and attack one another
选择项：
A valuable programs
B negative effects
C shows without quality
D normal life stories
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following sentences by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D (1 point each)
A
Everyone makes mistakes or so the saying goes But have you ever heard about mistakes in Hollywood When most people think of Hollywood they think of blockbusters (very successful movies) highpaid actors glitz and glamour But according to one Website many Hollywood movies are full of mistakes Some are technical errors For instance in a scene of the sciencefiction adventure film The Matrix when the main character steps out of his car the viewer can clearly see the camera crew in the car window In another scene the same character is typing on his computer yet the computer screen is blank Other movie mistakes are historical For example the epic Gladiator an Oscar winner is known for having lots of historical errors Throughout the movie the gladiator Maximus refers to his home in Spain and the other characters call him the Spaniard However in 180 AD when the movie takes place Spain as a country or even as a concept didn＇t exist yet At another point in the movie Maximus says that his homeland of Spain has the best horses But horses weren＇t brought to the Iberian Peninsula until the invasion of the Moors (North Africans) in 711 AD more than 500 years after the movie takes place The historical drama Titanic another Oscar winner also has its share of historical blunders The Titanic sunk in the year 1912 So why is one of the characters wearing a digital watch In fact movie watchers have found over 100 mistakes in The Matrix Gladiator and Titanic Can you think of any errors in your favorite films
B
How susceptible are you to advertising Has a TV commercial or magazine ad ever made you buy the product that was advertised If so perhaps you have been subjected to subliminal advertising Subliminal advertising is a kind of advertising that appeals to the subconscious The word subliminal comes from the Latin sub meaning lower beneath or under and limen meaning threshold (the level at which something begins to happen) Thus subliminal advertising stimulates your brain at a level below conscious perception You cannot see hear or perceive subliminal ads but they may affect you just the same
There are two main types of subliminal ads The first involves flashing messages quickly during a commercial or film The messages appear and disappear so rapidly that the mind cannot process them consciously but it might receive them passively at a subconscious level James Vicary a market researcher first introduced this kind of subliminal advertising in 1957 when he flashed the words Eat Popcorn and Drink CocaCola every five seconds during a movie The messages couldn＇t be seen yet Vicary claimed that the moviegoers＇ brains could perceive them Coke sales went up by 18 and popcorn sales by over 50 More recently the same type of subliminal advertising was used in a negative ad for a political campaign In the ad the word rats flashed up briefly during the part of the ad describing one party＇s healthcare plan The purpose was to associate that opposing party with the negative word rats The second kind of subliminal advertising involves hiding or incorporating images into visual advertisements A wellknown example is on a package of a famous brand of cigarettes Some say that if you look closely you can see the image of a man who is sexually aroused In fact a lot of subliminal advertising involves sex coming from the idea that sex sells One media researcher claims that everything from crackers to alcohol to soda has used subliminal sexual imagery to appeal to buyers
Although studies show that consumers believe strongly in the power of subliminal ads no one can prove the effects of subliminal advertising Psychologists and others who study subliminal stimuli have not been able to show that subliminal advertising actually works Many advertising researchers believe that traditional ads in which a powerful image is used to sell a product are more effective than subliminal advertising All the same it still remains a controversial topic one that is on the mind of buyers and sellers alike
题目6
6 What is the best title for the Paragraph A
选择项：
A The Success of Hollywood Movie Madness
B Hollywood Bloopers Mega Movie Mistakes
C History or Hollywood Hollywood Interprets Famous Historical Events
题目7
7 What is the best title for the Paragraph B
选择项：
A The Effect of Advertising on the Human Brain
B Sex Sells This History of Sex in Advertising
C Subliminal Advertising What Is It Does It Work
题目8
8The Moors invaded Spain ______ the movie Gladiator takes place
选择项：
A before
B after
C since
题目9
9 Another word for mistake is ______
选择项：
A error
B blunder
C A and B
题目10
10The subconscious is the part of the brain that _______
选择项：
A passively notices and remembers information
B actively notices and remembers information
C does not notice or remember information
Chapter 9 Exercise（分值7分）
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
题目1
Which of the words below contain a prefix with a negative meaning Choose N Choose X for the words without negative meanings ( 04 points each)
discourage
答案 N
disrespect
答案 N
illustrate
答案 X
instant
答案 X
illegal
答案 N
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D (1 point each)
Meeting the Perfect Mate
What is the best way to meet the perfect husband or wife I am continuing to interview students on campus trying to answer this question for my sociology class So far people have mentioned arranged matches discos and bars computer dating services and personal ads One guy even said he thought supermarkets were the best places to meet women I guess you can talk a lot about a head of lettuce
I decided to go to the school cafeteria to interview some people there
I think date cafés are the best way to meet people said my friend Rahul
Date cafés What＇s that I asked
Well a date café is both a café and a dating service You go to the café order a cup of coffee or whatever you want and look through people＇s profiles Then if someone interests you you can send him or her an email and arrange a date at the café You can also fill out your own profile and have people email you The form asks you about everything from looks to interests to religion The date café is a relaxed way to make contacts
Are there many of them around I asked
Hmm Well there＇s one near campus called Drip In fact I had a Drip date just last week said Rahul
Drip But isn＇t that a word that＇s used to describe someone who is dull and boring It doesn＇t sound too promising
Yeah well it＇s funny you say that because my date was pretty uninteresting She barely talked at all and she kept looking down at her coffee mug
Well what about a mail order bride said Rahul＇s roommate Joni
A what I asked
A mail order bride You know you search for your wife in a catalog and the next thing you know you＇re married With the Internet it＇s easier than ever she said
Ugh that sounds awful I said Have you ever met anyone who has done that
Yes my uncle did it His marriage ended a year later The truth is I＇m against it Usually the women come from poor countries and don＇t know what they＇re getting into My uncle＇s wife had a really hard time adjusting and went back to her country as soon as they split up
I think mail order is out Any other suggestions
I find that meeting people through classes or extracurricular activities is a good idea said Michelle For instance I signed up for a Japanese cooking class both because I like Japanese food and because I thought I might meet someone nice with similar interests
And did you
Yeah I made lots of friends Sumi Katrina Mariahno guys though The class was 90 women In fact now that you mention it the same thing happened with the salsa class the pottery class and my Tai Chi class I met a lot of nice women but I definitely did not find the man of my dreams
Last I interviewed a couple in the library
Friends they said We met through friends It＇s the best way to find the perfect mate
Really I said And why is that
Well your friends usually know what you like And also you know the person is someone you can trust not like meeting someone in a bar or a supermarket For instance we met because Chris＇s lab partner thought we would really get along
Yeah Scott and I met and I immediately liked him I emailed him and it took him three months to email me back
Well I＇m a little shy but it eventually worked Here we are a year later and still together
Well that＇s the best story I＇ve heard yet I said But if I＇ve learned one thing in this study it＇s that meeting someone special no matter how you do it is difficult
题目2
6If you interview someone you __
选择项：
A ask himher a lot of questions
B ask himher to fill out a form
题目3
7 A person＇s profile probably __
选择项：
A shows a picture of the person
B tells something about the person
题目4
8 A drip is __
选择项：
A a kind of computer dating service
B a dull boring person
题目5
9 If something is awful it＇s __
选择项：
A interesting and unusual
B unpleasant and bad
题目6
10 If you and your mate split up you __
选择项：
A end your relationship
B get engaged
Chapter 10 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Choose T for True and F for False (1 point each )
题目1
Competition in Olympic sports is supposed to be fair However in judged sports fairness is impossible Therefore judged sports should be banned from the Olympic games A judged sport is any sport that requires judges to determine a winner For example gymnastics figure skating half pipe (snowboarding) and diving are all judged sports
1The writer believes judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics
选择项：
A T
B F
题目2
Why do I believe that judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics First of all judges don’t see everything For example a mistake in figure skating can happen in a fraction of a second If a judge blinks or looks away for a moment he or she might miss the mistake and give the skater a higher score than the skater deserves
2One reason that judged sports should not be allowed in the Olympics is that judges can have different opinions
选择项：
A T
B F
题目3
Second two judges can disagree about which athlete gave the best performance In sports in which the difference between gold and silver is usually a few hundredths of a point this kind of subjectivity is unacceptable Can anyone really say with certainty that a gymnast who receives a score of 9825 is a better gymnast than one who scores 9823
3One argument against banning judged sports from the Olympics is that people should stop arguing about it
选择项：
A T
B F
题目4
A lot of people claim that judged sports are subjective and should not be allowed in the Olympics They feel that only sports that are measured objectively for things like speed such as swimming track and skiing should be allowed because judges can’t be objective and fair I disagree with these people Why I believe that no sport is 100 fair and objective
4 The writer here believes all sports are objective
选择项：
A T
B F
题目5
Some athletes may win because their equipment is better than their opponents’ equipment For example in the 2000 summer Olympics some swimmers wore controversial hightech suits The maker of the suit claimed that the fabric could make a swimmer 3 faster No one could prove that this was true but they couldn’t prove that it wasn’t true either
5 The equipment can be one reason that decides athletes’ sports scores
选择项：
A T
B F
题目6
II Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Match the following vocabulary items on left with their possible explanations on right ( 04 points each)
coworker
contribute
promotion
progress
intermission
答案：
形考务二（30分）
破冰行动（属章：Guidelines分值5分需教师批阅）讨区
异国特色食谱（属章：Chapter 3分值5分需教师批阅）讨区
身边家庭模式（属章：Chapter 5分值5分需教师批阅）讨区
新闻采访稿（属章：Chapter 8分值5分需教师批阅）互动评价
网表现（属章：章节分值10分需教师批阅）
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100通
考试说明：2020年秋期电该网络课纳入国开台进行考核该课程2形考务针该门课程汇总该科题形成完整标准题库会断更新考生复作业考试起着非常重作会您节省量时间做考题时利文档中查找工具考题中关键字输查找工具查找容框迅速查找该题答案文库网核教学考体化答案敬请查
课程成绩百分制计分章exercise测验占70计分学活动占20％网学表现占10三项成绩总分达60分方获课程学分
形考务（70分）
Chapter 1 Exercise（分值7分）
题目1
I Vocabulary skills（3 points）
Look at the columns below Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left (05 points each)
1the bus or subway
2proof of completion of courses of students
3money for students from scholarships grants or loans
4formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study
5courses by video video conferencing or computers to students in different places
6the points or grade a student gets on a test
答案：
II Reading Comprehension (4 points)
Read the passages then answer the questions that follow (1 point each )
Experiencing Culture Shock
A When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian she was excited to live in a new country to improve her Chinese and to experience a culture so different from her own But soon her excitement turned to frustration as she encountered one roadblock after another I felt like I couldn＇t accomplish anything My dorm room had no heat I couldn＇t get into the classes I wanted and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround I felt like no one was listening to me Eliza met with administrators sent letters of complaint and even contacted the consulate in Beijing but she got nowhere What Eliza didn＇t realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I＇m doing In fact it＇s really fun being in a place that＇s so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to
B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston Although he is an honors student now Yoshi didn＇t always have such an easy time studying in America Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates At first it seemed like I wasn＇t actually learning anything Yoshi＇s reaction was to totally withdraw he didn＇t participate in class discussion he spent lots of time alone in his room and he even skipped class on occasion I thought I could teach myself Now I recognize the value of the US academic system and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style
C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture For many international students studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages However it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it According to psychological studies the four stages of culture shock are 1 euphoria 2 hostility 3 gradual adjustment and 4 adaptation Culture shock can be manifested in many ways homesickness boredom stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture overeating or overdrinking withdrawal and inability to work effectively
D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different ways For example Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal it is not something to be ashamed of Luckily there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly For instance they can stay in touch with family and friends from home join international student organizations meet people from their own countries and get involved in campus activities Most importantly they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive
Recognizing Paragraph Topics（choose the paragraph letter）
题目2
7 an explanation of culture shock
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
题目3
8 ways that students can adjust to living in a new country
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
题目4
9 the experience of an international student in the United States
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
题目5
10 the experience of an international student in China
选择项：
A A
B B
C C
D D
Chapter 2 Exercise（分值7分）
题目1
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase For example sun rain and wind are examples of kinds of weather Look at the columns below Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column (04 points each)
1kinds of extreme weather
2Earth’s natural materials and gases
3 diseases or health disorders
4 seasons of the year
5 natural areas or regions of the earth
答案：
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B or C (1 point each)
Seasonal Affective Disorder More than Just the Blues
A Joshua dreads the winter months not only because of the cold New England weatherthe sleet snow wind and rainbut because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter the days get shorter As the days get shorter he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home eating and sleeping A graduate student in philosophy Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research I soon realized that what I thought was just the ＇winter blues＇ was something more extreme than that Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD
B Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse from December through February) Scientists don＇t completely understand the exact causes of SAD but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the body＇s breathing heartbeat metabolism and hormone release The effects of SAD include moodiness irritability low energy increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes rice and bread) difficulty concentrating and the tendency to oversleep
C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984 humans have probably dealt with the disorder for thousands of years It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months Christmas Hanukkah and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light warmth and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year
D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better Naturally they need more light For people who have mild cases of SAD exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them Phototherapy or light therapy is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder In light therapy patients sit in front of a light box a strong artificial light for up to four hours a day Phototherapy is effective in over 80 of SAD cases and patients usually see results within three to four days Although the symptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness
题目2
6 Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because
选择项：
A he gets little work done
B he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder
C he is a graduate student in philosophy
题目3
7 Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months Scientists believe it is caused by
选择项：
A breathing heartbeat metabolism and hormone release
B moodiness irritability loss of energy increased appetite difficulty concentrating and sleepiness
C lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain
题目4
8 Humans have probably struggled with SAD since
选择项：
A ancient times
B December
C 1984
题目5
9 People who suffer from SAD can to feel better
选择项：
A do light therapy
B take antidepressant drugs
C eat carbohydrates
题目6
10 This passage talks about_____
选择项：
A what the SAD effects are
B Both A and B
C how to help SAD suffers
Chapter 3 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Read the passages then answer the questions that follow (1 point each )
Fast food can be good food
Many people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a dayso they turn to the convenience of fastfood restaurants Many of the items at fastfood restaurants snack bars and food stands are fattening and not very nutritiousBut fast food doesn’t have to be unhealthyyou can eat at fastfood restaurants and still eat well
Pay Attention to Calories and Fat Content
By paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has you can make smarter choicesCalories are units for measuring how much energy a food will producecondsider two fastfood meals A quarterpound hamburger with cheese jumbosize friesand a 16ounce soda have a total of 1535 calories and 76 grams of fat a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich a side salad with lowfat dressingand a glass of water at the same fastfood restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries wellyou can have a small hamburgera small serving of friesand a glass of waterAt a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fatthat’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger friesand 20 grams of fat that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burgerfriesand sada
There’s More That You Can Do
There are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantSFirst of allsay no when the cashier asks you if you want to supersize you meal (order an extra large portion of each item)Second ask for no mayonnaise or sauceor ask for it on the side (in a separate dish)Thirdsubstitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones For exampleinstead of ordering deepfried tempuraorder fresh vegetablesInstead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour creamorder a vegetable burrito with beans and riceand don’t eat the chipsAnother thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it firstThat wayyou will eat some vegetablesand you won’t be able to eat as much of your burger and friesFnallyeat slowly and stop eating when you’re full It sounds simplebut many people keep eating even after they become full
题目1
1What is the main idea of this article ________
选择项：
A It’s smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content
B Fast food is always bad for you
C You can eat well in fastfood restaurant
D Fastfood restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods
题目2
2A small hamburger and small firies has __________
选择项：
A more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad
B the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich and a salad
C fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad
D the same amount of calories and fat as a large portion of fries
题目3
3Some things you can do to eat well in fastfood restaurants are________
选择项：
A ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to surpersizing
B order a vegetable burrito instead of chips and eat sour cream
C order smaller portions and eat all the food you order
D order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water
题目4
4Manyonnaise and sauces probably_________
选择项：
A make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner
B make you eat more because they make your food taste better
C have a lot of fat and calories
D don’t have a lot of fat and calories
题目5
5 By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal_______
选择项：
A you eat less of the rest of your meal
B you eat more slowly
C you get full sooner
D you eat the rest of your meal more quickly
II Vocabulary skills（2 points）
Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box (04 points each)
题目6
changes damaging losing global available
The growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways For example Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan Instead of small meals of seafood rice and vegetables the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat dairy products and desserts like tiramisu a rich Italian dish full of chocolate cheese and sugar According to Japanese health researchers such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease strokes cancer and diabetes On the other hand the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially so the cost of these foods is going up In contrast fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren and families are eating healthier homecooked meals For these reasons fewer Czech men are having heart attacks the women are 10 losing a lot of weight and most people are living healthier lives
Chapter 4 Exercise（分值7分
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
题目1
Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right (04 points each)
1make sense
2pedestrians
3vehicle
4teenager
5fine
答案：
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D (1 point each)
These days it’s getting easier and easier to find your way around Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they don’t get lost GPS stands for Global Positioning System These devices use satellites in space to see where you are and give you directions to where you want to go And if you don’t have a GPS device you can simply go online to get stepbystep directions Websites like MapQuestcom and mappointmsncom can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds But how do they do it
MapQuest® uses data (information) from a few different sources to produce directions and maps Before MapQuest® went online it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations The website uses the data from those paper maps information from digital mapping companies and government databases At the moment MapQuest® uses more than 30 computers to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day
In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another MapQuest® first has to look at all possible routes Then MapQuest® looks at each part of each possible route It considers the types of roads on the different routes Are they dirt roads paved roads freeways or city streets It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are Are they right turns or left turns It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are An intersection is a place where two or more roads cross each other
MapQuest® can also tell you how long your trip will take you It does this by doing some math MapQuest® bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get through each intersection For example it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn Someday maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go but for now mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost
题目2
6What is the main idea of this article
选择项：
A Why mapping websites don’t work well
B Why mapping websites are better than paper maps
C How mapping websites work
D How the first mapping website started
题目3
7According to the article MapQuest®______
选择项：
A started as maker of government databases
B started as an Internet company
C uses millions of computers to read data
D starting by selling paper maps
题目4
8When you search for directions the first thing MapQuest® does is_______
选择项：
A consider how many turns you want to take
B print out a map and directions
C estimate driving time
D look at all possible paths
题目5
9When it’s deciding on the best route MapQuest® probably chooses ________
选择项：
A the route with the most turns
B dirt roads instead of paved roads
C freeways instead of dirt roads
D city streets instead of freeways
题目6
10 To estimate your driving time MapQuest® considers _________
选择项：
A the distance between turns on your route
B the speed limit for half of the route
C the fastest and slowest speed limits on your route
D the speed limits and types of turns on your route
Chapter 5 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Read the five mainidea questions that follow about the information in the reading Three details correctly answer each question Cross out the untrue unrelated detail (1 point each )
题目1
1 What are the definitions of the two main types of families
选择项：
A Human beings lived in looselyrelated groups Each group had a common ancestor long time ago
B The nuclear family consists of two parents and their biological or adopted children
C The extended family may include grandparents parents children and relatives living together on the same street or in the same area
D The nuclear family is the same as the extended family
题目2
2 What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family
选择项：
A The divorce rate went down and the birthrate began to rise in the early 1900s in the United States
B Couples did not want many children then
C In the early 1900s in the United States the divorce rated went down and the birthrate went down
D At that time couples were staying married for few years
题目3
3 What happened to families in industrialized countries in the 1930s and 1940s
选择项：
A Before and during World War II families faced few financial problems and women didn’t have to work away from home
B Men were at war so women had to work outside the home
C Before and during World War II families had problems
D Families had serious financial problems during World War II
题目4
4 What changes will happen to family structure during the next decades
选择项：
A Divorces would be fewer mothers would stay at home after the war
B Children began living at home longer
C After the war family structure changed back
D After the war there were more divorces and fewer stayhomemothers
题目5
5 What will families be like in the future
选择项：
A Many people want the traditional twoparent family back
B Twoparent family will probably come back and all other family forms will end
C Unmarried parents with adopted or foster children and oneperson households
D There may be more singleparent families
II Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box ( 04 points each)
题目6
living extended category typical believe
The Family of the Future
Many people today would like the traditional twoparent family back—that is to say they want a man and a woman to marry for life they also think the man should sport the family and the woman should stay home with the children However few families now fall into this 6 category In fact if more women decide to have children on their own the singleparent household may become more 7 typical than the traditional family in many countries Also unmarried couples may decided to have more children—or they might take in foster children or adopt And because people are staying single and 8 living longer (often as widows) there may be more oneperson households in the future On the other hand some people 9 believe similar events happen again and again in history If this is true people may go back to the traditional 10 extended or nuclear family of the past Others think the only certainty in history is changing in other words the structure of the future family could begin to change faster and faster—and in more and more ways
Chapter 6 Exercise（分值7分）
I Vocabulary skills（2 points）
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D （04 points each）
题目1
1 Some examples of the architecture of old Europe are the magnificent cathedrals and castles The design and building styles of modern architecture are excellent too What does the noun architecture mean in these sentences
选择项：
A the place with significant civilization everywhere
B people that study the culture of old Europe and other societies
C the art and science of designing the study of classical literature
D the form and plan of buildings and other structures
题目2
2 Perhaps the real beginning of civilization—with its scientific and technological discoveries and inventions—was in the Middle East and Africa Over five thousand years ago those ancient civilizations had astronomy mathematics medicine government and so on Which word is a synonym of the word civilization
选择项：
A technology
B cathedral
C culture
D astronomy
题目3
3 The cultural legacy of ancient Chinese and Indian peoples included walled cities the first governments tools for work and weapons for protection odern peoples built on this legacyWhat is a possible explanation of the word legacy
选择项：
A ideas and achievements passed from earlier generations to modern society
B a gift of money that somebody gives to another person
C international business conducted in cities and government structures
D the state or condition of being legal not against the law
题目4
4 For me the idea of ancient culture creates a contradiction in definitions said Karen going against Mei’s views Only modern things can be part of cultureOf course people that like classical art and music will contradict me
What might the noun contradiction mean
选择项：
A the opposition of two opinions
B wearing a Hawaiian shirt in an ancient culture
C the short forms of two words together
D to put words together
题目5
5 Because of the worldwide media—movies TV CDs the Internet newspapers magazines—everybody knows the same information plays the same music and enjoys the same jokesHow might you define the phrase the media
选择项：
A the combination of visual sound and printed ways to send ideas around the world
B communication styles include motions gestures and facial expressions
C the tradition of being in the middle—not on the extremes of possible views
D events that appear in the daily news and that everyone knows about
IIReading Comprehension (5 points)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Write T for True and F for False （1 point each）
题目6
Many visitors to different countries don’t realize how important it is to understand a country’s culture Sometimes people learn this lesson by making a big crosscultural blunder or embarrassing mistake In business situations these blunders can cost a lot of money or end business relationships
6It is important to understand other people’s cultures before you do business with them
选择项：
A F
B T
题目7
For example one company wanted to sell toothpaste in Southeast Asia In their advertisements they claimed that their toothpaste whitens teeth They didn’t understand that many of the local people chewed betel nuts to make their teeth black and that these people thought black teeth were attractive
7 The toothpaste company probably kept using the same advertisement in Southeast Asia
选择项：
A F
B T
题目8
In another case a car company tried to sell a car called Matador in a Spanishspeaking country The company thought that it was a strong name because it means bullfighter In Spanish matador is indeed a noun meaning bullfighter But it is also an adjective meaning killing Imagine driving around in a car called Killing
8 The car company that tried to sell a car to a Spanishspeaking country probably didn’t sell many Matador cars in that country
选择项：
A F
B T
题目9
A European businessman had an important meeting with a company in Taiwan He wanted to bring gifts for the people he was meeting with He thought that something with his company’s logo on it would be a nice gift So he bought some very nice pocket knives and had his company’s logo printed on them He didn’t know that giving a knife as a gift symbolizes cutting off a friendship
9 The European businessman probably researches new cultures before he visits them now
选择项：
A T
B F
题目10
It’s very easy to make blunders like these people did But it’s also very easy not to Before you visit a new country research that country’s customs and etiquette (social rules for polite behavior) You can find a lot of information online Just go to a search engine and type in key words like crosscultural etiquette or cultural information Taiwan By spending a few minutes doing research you can save yourself from a lot of embarrassment and make sure you don’t accidentally offend anyone
10 What you can disagree with people to save yourself from making crosscultural blunders
选择项：
A T
B F
Chapter 7 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Write T for True and F for False on the Answer Sheet (1 point each)
题目1
For instance a doctor doesn’t always have time to thoroughly explain an illness In these cases the Internet can be a valuable resource—a place to read all about the causes symptoms and remedies for an illness
1 One benefit of using the Internet as a medical resource is it has a lot of information about illnesses and diseases
选择项：
A F
B T
题目2
For example some websites claim that sniffing (smelling) a newspaper can cure nausea (the feeling of being sick to your stomach and wanting to vomit)
2 One possible remedy for nausea is drinking a lot of tea
选择项：
A T
B F
题目3
Other websites suggest that a person with a cold should keep a piece of raw garlic in his or her mouth all day and bite down on it every few minutes to release the juice People with smelly feet are told to soak their feet in tea for half an hour
3 The websites remedies might be unpleasant or odd but they probably will cause harm And who knows They might actually be unhelpful
选择项：
A F
B T
题目4
An herbal remedy for helping your memory may also be a blood thinner So if your doctor prescribed (put you on) a blood thinner and you start taking this herb without asking your doctor about it a simple cut could be deadly you might not be able to stop bleeding
4 A person who is taking a prescribed drug should probably talk to the doctor before taking an herbal remedy
选择项：
A F
B T
题目5
The bottom line is this be careful when using the Internet as a health resource Use it to find information that you can discuss with your doctor But don’t spend a lot of money on miracle cures
5 The best way to use the Internet as a medical resource is to read about your illness and discuss what you find out with your doctor
选择项：
A T
B F
II Vocabulary skills（2 points）
Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box ( 04 points each)
题目6
disease substance classification prevent figure
In a smalltown farm market hundreds of elderly people drink a glass of sour dark cherry juice every day These happy senior citizens some of them over the age of 90 claim that the natural fruit juice cures—or at least decreases—the pain of their arthritis a 6 disease of the joints of the aging body It’s a folk remedy not a proven medical therapy Nevertheless science is beginning to 7 figure out why sour cherry juice might work to improve the health of patients with arthritis The secret is in the 8 substance that gives the cherries their dark red color It belongs to a 9 classification of natural nutrients that color blueberries strawberries plums and other fruits—and vegetables too Moreover these coloring substances may help to 10 prevent serious health disorders like heart disease and cancer In other words vitamins and fiber are not the only reasons to eat fruits and vegetables To take advantage of natural whole foods advise nutritionists
Chapter 8 Exercise（分值7分）
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D ( 04 points each)
题目1
1At all hours the media offer language learners reallife audio visual instruction and practice in aural comprehension
选择项：
A hospital and health information
B understanding spoken language
C the answers to test questions
D reallife experience
题目2
2 Highquality TV programming —a good plan of shows about various fields of study—can increase people’s knowledge and improve their thinking abilities
选择项：
A scientific and medical shows
B movies with good music
C academic lecture courses
D choice and organization of shows
题目3
3 Television and video provide almost everyone with good entertainment—a pleasant way to relax and spend free time at home
选择项：
A amusement or pleasure
B freedom from worry and tension
C relaxation through exercise
D fun through serious study
题目4
4 Images of violence on the screen scare people giving them terrible nightmares when they sleep
选择项：
A dark stormy weather
B bad conditions
C physical disabilities
D behavior that hurts people
题目5
5 The talk shows of trash TV make instant stars of real people with strange or immoral ideas who tell their most personal secrets shout angrily and attack one another
选择项：
A valuable programs
B negative effects
C shows without quality
D normal life stories
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following sentences by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D (1 point each)
A
Everyone makes mistakes or so the saying goes But have you ever heard about mistakes in Hollywood When most people think of Hollywood they think of blockbusters (very successful movies) highpaid actors glitz and glamour But according to one Website many Hollywood movies are full of mistakes Some are technical errors For instance in a scene of the sciencefiction adventure film The Matrix when the main character steps out of his car the viewer can clearly see the camera crew in the car window In another scene the same character is typing on his computer yet the computer screen is blank Other movie mistakes are historical For example the epic Gladiator an Oscar winner is known for having lots of historical errors Throughout the movie the gladiator Maximus refers to his home in Spain and the other characters call him the Spaniard However in 180 AD when the movie takes place Spain as a country or even as a concept didn＇t exist yet At another point in the movie Maximus says that his homeland of Spain has the best horses But horses weren＇t brought to the Iberian Peninsula until the invasion of the Moors (North Africans) in 711 AD more than 500 years after the movie takes place The historical drama Titanic another Oscar winner also has its share of historical blunders The Titanic sunk in the year 1912 So why is one of the characters wearing a digital watch In fact movie watchers have found over 100 mistakes in The Matrix Gladiator and Titanic Can you think of any errors in your favorite films
B
How susceptible are you to advertising Has a TV commercial or magazine ad ever made you buy the product that was advertised If so perhaps you have been subjected to subliminal advertising Subliminal advertising is a kind of advertising that appeals to the subconscious The word subliminal comes from the Latin sub meaning lower beneath or under and limen meaning threshold (the level at which something begins to happen) Thus subliminal advertising stimulates your brain at a level below conscious perception You cannot see hear or perceive subliminal ads but they may affect you just the same
There are two main types of subliminal ads The first involves flashing messages quickly during a commercial or film The messages appear and disappear so rapidly that the mind cannot process them consciously but it might receive them passively at a subconscious level James Vicary a market researcher first introduced this kind of subliminal advertising in 1957 when he flashed the words Eat Popcorn and Drink CocaCola every five seconds during a movie The messages couldn＇t be seen yet Vicary claimed that the moviegoers＇ brains could perceive them Coke sales went up by 18 and popcorn sales by over 50 More recently the same type of subliminal advertising was used in a negative ad for a political campaign In the ad the word rats flashed up briefly during the part of the ad describing one party＇s healthcare plan The purpose was to associate that opposing party with the negative word rats The second kind of subliminal advertising involves hiding or incorporating images into visual advertisements A wellknown example is on a package of a famous brand of cigarettes Some say that if you look closely you can see the image of a man who is sexually aroused In fact a lot of subliminal advertising involves sex coming from the idea that sex sells One media researcher claims that everything from crackers to alcohol to soda has used subliminal sexual imagery to appeal to buyers
Although studies show that consumers believe strongly in the power of subliminal ads no one can prove the effects of subliminal advertising Psychologists and others who study subliminal stimuli have not been able to show that subliminal advertising actually works Many advertising researchers believe that traditional ads in which a powerful image is used to sell a product are more effective than subliminal advertising All the same it still remains a controversial topic one that is on the mind of buyers and sellers alike
题目6
6 What is the best title for the Paragraph A
选择项：
A The Success of Hollywood Movie Madness
B Hollywood Bloopers Mega Movie Mistakes
C History or Hollywood Hollywood Interprets Famous Historical Events
题目7
7 What is the best title for the Paragraph B
选择项：
A The Effect of Advertising on the Human Brain
B Sex Sells This History of Sex in Advertising
C Subliminal Advertising What Is It Does It Work
题目8
8The Moors invaded Spain ______ the movie Gladiator takes place
选择项：
A before
B after
C since
题目9
9 Another word for mistake is ______
选择项：
A error
B blunder
C A and B
题目10
10The subconscious is the part of the brain that _______
选择项：
A passively notices and remembers information
B actively notices and remembers information
C does not notice or remember information
Chapter 9 Exercise（分值7分）
I Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
题目1
Which of the words below contain a prefix with a negative meaning Choose N Choose X for the words without negative meanings ( 04 points each)
discourage
答案 N
disrespect
答案 N
illustrate
答案 X
instant
答案 X
illegal
答案 N
II Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A B C or D (1 point each)
Meeting the Perfect Mate
What is the best way to meet the perfect husband or wife I am continuing to interview students on campus trying to answer this question for my sociology class So far people have mentioned arranged matches discos and bars computer dating services and personal ads One guy even said he thought supermarkets were the best places to meet women I guess you can talk a lot about a head of lettuce
I decided to go to the school cafeteria to interview some people there
I think date cafés are the best way to meet people said my friend Rahul
Date cafés What＇s that I asked
Well a date café is both a café and a dating service You go to the café order a cup of coffee or whatever you want and look through people＇s profiles Then if someone interests you you can send him or her an email and arrange a date at the café You can also fill out your own profile and have people email you The form asks you about everything from looks to interests to religion The date café is a relaxed way to make contacts
Are there many of them around I asked
Hmm Well there＇s one near campus called Drip In fact I had a Drip date just last week said Rahul
Drip But isn＇t that a word that＇s used to describe someone who is dull and boring It doesn＇t sound too promising
Yeah well it＇s funny you say that because my date was pretty uninteresting She barely talked at all and she kept looking down at her coffee mug
Well what about a mail order bride said Rahul＇s roommate Joni
A what I asked
A mail order bride You know you search for your wife in a catalog and the next thing you know you＇re married With the Internet it＇s easier than ever she said
Ugh that sounds awful I said Have you ever met anyone who has done that
Yes my uncle did it His marriage ended a year later The truth is I＇m against it Usually the women come from poor countries and don＇t know what they＇re getting into My uncle＇s wife had a really hard time adjusting and went back to her country as soon as they split up
I think mail order is out Any other suggestions
I find that meeting people through classes or extracurricular activities is a good idea said Michelle For instance I signed up for a Japanese cooking class both because I like Japanese food and because I thought I might meet someone nice with similar interests
And did you
Yeah I made lots of friends Sumi Katrina Mariahno guys though The class was 90 women In fact now that you mention it the same thing happened with the salsa class the pottery class and my Tai Chi class I met a lot of nice women but I definitely did not find the man of my dreams
Last I interviewed a couple in the library
Friends they said We met through friends It＇s the best way to find the perfect mate
Really I said And why is that
Well your friends usually know what you like And also you know the person is someone you can trust not like meeting someone in a bar or a supermarket For instance we met because Chris＇s lab partner thought we would really get along
Yeah Scott and I met and I immediately liked him I emailed him and it took him three months to email me back
Well I＇m a little shy but it eventually worked Here we are a year later and still together
Well that＇s the best story I＇ve heard yet I said But if I＇ve learned one thing in this study it＇s that meeting someone special no matter how you do it is difficult
题目2
6If you interview someone you __
选择项：
A ask himher a lot of questions
B ask himher to fill out a form
题目3
7 A person＇s profile probably __
选择项：
A shows a picture of the person
B tells something about the person
题目4
8 A drip is __
选择项：
A a kind of computer dating service
B a dull boring person
题目5
9 If something is awful it＇s __
选择项：
A interesting and unusual
B unpleasant and bad
题目6
10 If you and your mate split up you __
选择项：
A end your relationship
B get engaged
Chapter 10 Exercise（分值7分）
I Reading Comprehension (5 points)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false Choose T for True and F for False (1 point each )
题目1
Competition in Olympic sports is supposed to be fair However in judged sports fairness is impossible Therefore judged sports should be banned from the Olympic games A judged sport is any sport that requires judges to determine a winner For example gymnastics figure skating half pipe (snowboarding) and diving are all judged sports
1The writer believes judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics
选择项：
A T
B F
题目2
Why do I believe that judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics First of all judges don’t see everything For example a mistake in figure skating can happen in a fraction of a second If a judge blinks or looks away for a moment he or she might miss the mistake and give the skater a higher score than the skater deserves
2One reason that judged sports should not be allowed in the Olympics is that judges can have different opinions
选择项：
A T
B F
题目3
Second two judges can disagree about which athlete gave the best performance In sports in which the difference between gold and silver is usually a few hundredths of a point this kind of subjectivity is unacceptable Can anyone really say with certainty that a gymnast who receives a score of 9825 is a better gymnast than one who scores 9823
3One argument against banning judged sports from the Olympics is that people should stop arguing about it
选择项：
A T
B F
题目4
A lot of people claim that judged sports are subjective and should not be allowed in the Olympics They feel that only sports that are measured objectively for things like speed such as swimming track and skiing should be allowed because judges can’t be objective and fair I disagree with these people Why I believe that no sport is 100 fair and objective
4 The writer here believes all sports are objective
选择项：
A T
B F
题目5
Some athletes may win because their equipment is better than their opponents’ equipment For example in the 2000 summer Olympics some swimmers wore controversial hightech suits The maker of the suit claimed that the fabric could make a swimmer 3 faster No one could prove that this was true but they couldn’t prove that it wasn’t true either
5 The equipment can be one reason that decides athletes’ sports scores
选择项：
A T
B F
题目6
II Vocabulary Skills（2 points）
Match the following vocabulary items on left with their possible explanations on right ( 04 points each)
coworker
contribute
promotion
progress
intermission
答案：
形考务二（30分）
破冰行动（属章：Guidelines分值5分需教师批阅）讨区
异国特色食谱（属章：Chapter 3分值5分需教师批阅）讨区
身边家庭模式（属章：Chapter 5分值5分需教师批阅）讨区
新闻采访稿（属章：Chapter 8分值5分需教师批阅）互动评价
网表现（属章：章节分值10分需教师批阅）
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