新目标八年级英语册第单元
Unit 1How often do you exercise
I 重点短语纳：
on weekends 周末
1 go to the movies 电影
2 look aftertake care of 顾
3 surf the internet 网
4 healthy lifestyle 健康生活方式
5 go skateboarding 滑滑板
watch TV电视
6 keep healthystay healthy keep in good health 保持健康
keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态
do some reading 阅读
7 exercise takedo (much) exercisedo sports锻炼
8 eating habits 饮食惯
9 take more exercise 做更运动
10 the same as 什相
11 once a month月次
12 be different from
13 twice a week周两次three times a week周三次
14 make a difference to 什影响
As teachers you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students
身教师必须坚信够影响学生生
A false step will make a great difference to my future
错走步前程说会产生影响
15 how often 久次询问动作发生频率
how many times 少次 提问做某事次数
16 althoughthough然
Although he is old he is quite strong
(He is old but he is quite strong)
句子中althoughthoughbutyetstill然becauseso
17 most of the studentsmost students数学生
18 shopgo shoppingdo some shopping 购物
19 as for
20 activity survey活动调查
21 do homework做家庭作业
22 do house work做家务事
23 eat less meat吃更少肉
24 junk food垃圾食物
25 be good for 什益
26 be bad for什害
27 want to do sth 想做某事
28 want sb to do sth想某做某事
29 try to do sth 量做某事
30 come home from school放学回家
31 of coursecertainlysure然
32 get good grades取成绩
33 some advice 建议
some advice 中 advice 数名词 a piece of advice 建议
give advice 提出建议 take one’s advice 采纳听某建议
4 help sb to do sth帮助某做某事help sb with sth
35 a lot of vegetablesmany vegetables许蔬菜
36 hardly almost not hardly ever少
37 keepbe in good health保持健康
38 your favorite program喜欢节目
39 Animal World 动物世界
40 play soccer踢足球
41every day 天
every day everyday
1 every day 作状语译天：
We go to school at 710 every day
天7：10学
I decide to read English every day
决定天读英语
2 everyday 作定语译日常
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner
晚饭电视日常英语
What＇s your everyday activity 日常活动什？
42once or twice a week 周两次
43 three or four times a week 周三四次
44 at Green High School 格林高中
45 all students 学生
46 most students 数学生
47 some students 学生
48 no students 没学生
49the result of a survey 调查结果
50the result for watch TV电视调查结果
51 improve your English 提高英语
52 drink milk 喝牛奶
53 pretty healthy 相健康 pretty adv 相非常
Pretty（作副词时） ratherveryquite 非常相
54 kind of a little 点
I think I’m kind of unhealthy 想点健康
二 重点句子：
1How often do you exercise （）久锻炼次身体？
How often + 助动词do(doesdid) + 语 + do sth 疑问词how often问频率(久次)（里助动词do(doesdid) 起帮助构成疑问作）般现时般时连回答般表示频率副词：once twice three times… sometimes often quite often never every day once a week twice a month three times a month three or four times a month等
How often do you go to the factory Twice a week久工厂次？ 星期两次
How often does he go shopping He goes shopping once a month
2What do you usually do on weekends I usually play soccer
周末通常做什？通常踢足球
第do助动词 起帮助构成疑问作第二do实义动词
翻译：What do you usually do on weekends I often go to the movies
What does she usually do on weekends She sometimes go hiking
3 What’s your favorite program It’s Animal World
喜欢什节目？动物世界
4 As for homework most students do homework every day
as for意思关常句首作状语名词代词动词ing形式（动名词）：
As for himI never want to see him here 永远希里见
As for the storyyou＇d better not believe it 关事相信
现想As for myself I don’t want to go now
什知道As for the man I know nothing about him
5 Mom wants me to get up at 600 and play pingpong with her
want to do sth 意思想做某事
want sb to do sth意思想某做某事：
Do you want to go to the movies with me？想起电影？
The teacher doesn＇t want us to eat hamburgers老师想吃汉堡包
动词面种结构做动词复合宾语
ask sb to do sth 某做某事
tell sb to do sth 告诉某做某事
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某做某事
6 She says it’s good for my health
be good for表示……益（处）反义：be bad for（里for
介词名词代词动名词）：
It＇s good for us to do more reading 读书处
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes床读书眼睛害
7 How many hours do you sleep every night
8 I exercise every day usually when I come home from school
9 My eating habits are pretty good 里pretty相very
10I try to eat a lot of vegetables usually ten to eleven times a week
try to do sth表示 力做某事 包含否成功意思try doing sth表示
（某办法）试着做某事
You’d better try doing the experiment in another way
试试种方法做试验
11 My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades
help sb(to) do sth帮助某做某事
12 Good food and exercise help me to study better
里betterwell较级good较级
13Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different
＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours
be the same as … be different from …
14 What sports do you play
15 A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health
keep in good health keep healthy stay healthy
16 You must try to eat less meat
try to do sth表示 力做某事 包含否成功意思lesslittle较级
17 That sounds interesting
语+系动词+表语结构简单句sound（听起）look（起）smell
（闻起）taste（尝起）feel（觉）seem（象）grow（变）get
（变）等词英语中作系动词形容词作表语：
It tastes good 味道
The music sounds very sweet 音乐听起入耳
The smoke grew heavier and heavier 烟雾变越越浓
18 I think I’m kind of unhealthy 想点健康
kind of a little
a kind of 种
三．知识结构
注意sometimes形似词区
(1) sometime副词意某时候某时
Will you come again sometime next week
(2) some time名词词组意段时间做时间状语
I will stay here for some time呆段时间
(3) some times名词词组意次倍
I met him some times in the street last month
月街遇次
（4）sometimes 频度副词意时
He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends
时周末滑滑板
time意时间时数名词 意次数倍数时数名词
What time is it
I go to the movies three times a week
注意次数表达方法
次 once 两次 twice三次三次基数词加times：
three timesfive timesone hundred times
表示……次表达方法：
once a day a week a month a year
twice a day a week a month a year
samedifferent
1same指相前面通常定冠词the果same前面已thisthose等词the连：
We are in the same class 班级
结构：the same as 样 ：
His mark is the same as mine 分数分数样
2different译数名词应复数形式：
We are in different classes 班级
结构：be different from ：
This sweater is different from that one 件毛衣件
different名词形式difference 复数形式differences
hard hardly
hard hard作形容词作副词adj 辛苦困难 adv 努力劲
He had a hard (adj)time in the past
It＇s a hard (adj) question (difficult) 难问题
The boy studies very hard (adv) 男孩学非常努力
He works hard 努力工作
句子结构：It＇s hard for sb to do sth 做某事某说难：
It＇s hard for him to finish the work 完成项工作说难
注意区分：hard work 困难工作
work hard 努力工作
hardly频度副词表示否定意思（almost not）通常形容词副词动词前hardly adv 简直
I can hardly see it
He hardly works 工作
It hardly rains here does it
how often how long how soon how far
how often 隔久次指动作频率答语常often never twice a week等表示频率副词短语（般现时般时）
How often do you go to the movies
Once a week I never go to the movies
how long 1)（延续）长时间回答for＋时间段since＋时间点（种时态）2) 询问物体长度
How long is the Yellow River
How long have you learned English
I have learned it for 5 years
I have learned it since 5 years ago
how soon 久…久答语常in＋时间段（般时）
How soon will she come back
She’ll come back in an hour
how far 远询问距离
Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home
How far is it from your home to our school
It’s 2 kilometers away
教新目标八年级英语册
Unit 2 what’s the matter
．重点短语纳
1 footfeet 脚 <复> toothteeth 牙齿 <复>
2 have a cold 感
3 have a stomachache 胃疼
4 have a sore back背疼
5 have a sore throat喉咙疼
6 have a fever发烧
7 lie down and (have a)rest 躺休息 have a rest 休息
8 hot tea with honey 加蜜热茶
9 see a dentist 牙医 see a doctor 医生
10drink lots of water喝水
11lots of a lot of a lot
a lot oflots of修饰数名词复数数名词般肯定句中：
There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot副词词组动词连表示十分等意思 Thanks a lot
12 have a toothache牙疼
13 That’s a good idea意
14 go to bed 睡觉 go to bed early 早床睡觉
15 feel well感 feel ill 感舒服
I don’t feel well I’m not feeling well
感觉舒服
16 start doing to do sth开始做某事
TO DO 件事情完成开始做外件事情
DOING原件事情做半现开始做件事情
17 two days ago两天前
18 get some rest 休息 休息会
19 I think so认样
20 be thirsty口渴
21 be hungry 饥饿
22 be stressed out紧张
23 listen to music听音乐
24 healthy lifestyle健康生活方式
25 traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
26 need to do sth 需做某事
I have a toothache I need to see a dentist 牙痛 需牙医
We need to keep our classroom clean 需保持教室干净
27 a balance of yin and yang阴阳衡
28 for example例
29 too much yin太阴 阴气太盛
too much + 数名词 太…
much too +形副 实太… 极非常
too many + 数名词复数 太…
30be good for sth doing sth 什益 什处
be bad for sth doing sth 什害
be good to …
be good at do well in ……方面擅长
be good(bad) forbe good at相关法
1be good for 益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health
做早操建康益
2be good at 擅长
Li Ping is good at basketball 李擅长篮球
Li Ping is good at playing basketball 李擅长篮球
be good at do well in ：
I＇m good at math I do well in math 擅长数学
3be good to
Parents are always good to their children父母亲总孩子
31get good grades 取成绩
32angry 法 be angry with sb生某气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting生气等久
be angry at about sth 某事生气
33Chinese medicine 中药
34be popular in + some place 某流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries 现中药许西方国家受欢迎
35in western countries西方国家
36It’s easy to do sth做某事容易 It’s important to do sth 做某事重
37balanced diet衡饮食
38get tired 感疲倦 beget tired
39go out at night晚出
When you are tired you shouldn’t go out at night 疲倦时晚该外出
40stay healthy 保持健康 keep healthykeep in good health
41at the moment时刻 now
I’m not feeling very well at the moment
42enjoy sth like sth (名词)喜欢某物
enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself yourselfherself himself themselves ourselves itself
反身代词) 玩高兴愉快have a good time have a wonderful time have fun
43 conversation practice会话练
44 host family 寄宿家庭
45 have a lot of headaches常疼痛
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches 疲劳常头痛
46 a few + 数名词复数 少许…
a little + 数名词形副 点…
47He shouldn’t eat anything
He should eat nothing 应吃东西
48give sb some advice某建议give advice 提出建议
advice 数名词
a piece of advice 建议 take one’s advice 采纳听某建议
He gave me some good advice
提意见
49sleep 8 hours a night晚睡眠八时
50take medicine 吃药 服药
I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold感天吃三次药
二 固定结构
It’s +形 + for sb + to do sth
做某事某说…
It’s important to do sth 做某事重
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet 衡饮食说重
It’s easy to do sth做某事容易
It’s easy for us to find out the answer 找出答案说容易
三．重点句子
1What’s the matter What’s the mater with you 啦？
What’s the trouble with youWhat’s wrong with you
I have a cold have a sore back have a stomachache
2That’s too bad You should shouldn’t … 太糟糕 应该该…
You should lie down and rest drink hot tea with honey see a dentist see a doctor
He shouldn’t eat anything He should eat nothing 应吃东西
3I’m not felling well 里well表示身体状况good代
I don’t feel well I’m not feeling well 感觉舒服
4When did it start About two days ago 什时候开始？约两天前
5I hope you fell better soon 希快起
里betterwell较级
6Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy 传统中医认需阴阳调保持身体健康
里 to be healthy动词定式短语作目状语
7You should eat hot yang foods like beef 应该吃牛肉类阳性食物
8Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this
吃参黄芪等草植物处
9People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang
太紧张易怒许吃太阳性食物too much数名词too many数名词复数
10It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle and it’s important to eat a balanced diet 健康生活方式容易饮食衡重
→ It’s easy to do sth 做某事容易 It’s important to do sth 做某事重
11You should rest for a few nights 应该休息晚
12I study late every night sometimes until 2 am but I don’t think I’m improving
天晚学晚时凌晨2点钟认没提高
13believe in 信某强调品质believe sb相信某话
I believe him but I can’t believe in him
话真信
14 I have a toothache I need to see a dentist
→ need意思 需 作实义动词时动词定式否定式don’t doesn’t didn’t need (to do sth) 作情态动词时否定句疑问句中否定式needn’t(do sth) 式外没形态变化
四．知识结构
情态动词should法
should情态动词基法必须动词起构成谓语情态动词没称数变化意应该
should（应应该）称表示劝告建议
eg You should wait a little more
应该等会
I have a very bad cold感厉害
You should lie down and have a rest应该躺喝水
maybemay be
1maybe副词译许相perhaps：
Maybe he can answer the question 许回答问题
He maybe is from the USA too 美国
2may be中may情态动词译：
He may be from the USA too 美国
She may be our English teacher 英语老师
too manytoo muchmuch too
1too many意太修饰数名词复数：
There are too many students in our class 班太学生
2too much意太修饰数名词：
We have too much work to do 太工作做
3much too表示太修饰形容词副词：
The box is much too heavy so I can＇t carry it
箱子太重搬动
fewa fewlittlea little区联系：
1few a few修饰数名词few表示否定意义没没a few表示肯定意思 例：
He has few friends here he feels lonely 里没朋友感觉寂寞
There are a few eggs in the basket篮子里鸡蛋
2little a little修饰数名词little表示否定意思没没
a little 表示肯定意思点 例：
There is little ink in my bottle can you give me a little ink
瓶子里没墨水点墨水？
not…until 直 …(否定句) 动词短暂性瞬间性动词
She didn’t leave until we came
He went shopping after he got up
He didn’t go shopping until before he got up
……untiltill 直··· （肯定句）动词延续性动词
We stayed here tilluntil 12 o’clock
教新目标八年级英语册
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation
．重点短语纳
1 go camping 野营
2 go shopping 购物
3 go skateboarding 滑滑板
4 go swimming 游泳
5 go boating 划船
6 go skating 滑冰
7 go hiking (in the mountains) 山徒步旅行远足
8 go climbing 登山
9 go fishing 钓鱼
10 go bike riding cycling 骑行车旅行
11 go sightseeing 观光
12 visit my grandma cousins my friends in Hong Kong 拜访祖母堂兄弟香港朋友
13 spend time with friends 朋友度
14 babysit her sister 顾妹妹
15 relax at home 家休息
16 go to sports camp 运动野营
17 go to the beach 沙滩
18 take a vacation 度假
19 go to Tibet for a week 西藏星期
20 go away 离开走开
It made me sad to hear you have to go away听非走觉伤心
21 (for) too long 太久
22 how long 长（时间）
23
have a good timehave funenjoy oneself 玩高兴玩开心
24 get back to school home 回学校回家
go back come back get back 回 get back to +some where回某
get back home here there 回家
go back to school 回学校return to school
go back home 回家return home
25 stay for three weeks 呆三星期
26 take walks take a walk 散步take walkshave walksgo for a walk 散步
27 rent videos 租录带
28 a famous French singer 著名法籍歌手
29 take a long vacation 度长假
30 take vacations in Europe 欧洲度假
31 think about of 考虑思考
32 something different interesting important 趣 重东西
I have something interesting to tell you 趣事告诉
She wants something new 想新东西
33 spend time in the beautiful countryside 美丽乡村度
34 forget all the problems 忘记问题(烦恼)
35 sleep a lot 睡觉睡够
36 can＇t wait 迫can’t wait to do sth 迫做某事
She can’t wait to get home to see her parents
迫想回家父母
37 a good place to go sightseeing 观光方
38 leave for Italy Greece Spain Europe 离开出发意利希腊西班牙欧洲
39 places to visit in China 中国参观方
40 plan my vacation to Italy 计划意利度假
41 the first week in June 六月第周
42 leave for … 离开出发……
leave法
1leave+点表示离开某例：
When did you leave Shanghai
什时候离开海？
2leave for+点表示动身某例：
Next Friday Alice is leaving for London
周五爱丽斯伦敦
3leave+点+for+点表示离开某某例：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing
什离开海北京？
43 rent videos to sb 租碟片某
rent videos from sb 某租碟片
44 make a movie 拍电影
45 ask sb about sth 问某某事
46 at night in the evening 晚
47WhatHow about+ doing> …样呢
48 on Monday 星期
49next week 周
50the Great Wall 长城
二．固定结构
1 show sb sth 某某物
show sth to sb 某物某
He showed me a postcard from Hong Kong yesterday
He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday
类似结构： give sb sth give sth to sb 某物某
buy sb sth buy sth for sb 某买某物
2 send sb sth 寄某某物
send sth to sb 寄某物某
My friends sent me a letter just now
My friends sent a letter to me just now
3 think about of sth doing sth
考虑某事考虑做某事
He often thinks about going to Europe for vacation
4 decide on sth 决定某事
decide to do sth 决定做某事
They will decide on the case(案件) tomorrow
He decided to go sightseeing at last
5 plan to do sth 计划做某事(式) planned （现分词）planning
She planned to go to Greece for vacation
vacation plans 假期计划 make plans 制定计划
We should make plans before we do anything
做事前应该制定计划
6 forget to do sth 忘记做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做某事
Don＇t forget to close the door when you leave the classroom
I forget going to Spain before
7 remember to do sth 记做某事
remember doing sth 记做某事
Remember to bring your book here tomorrow
He remembered calling you just now
8 finish sth finish doing sth 完成某事完成做某事
Do you finish your homework
When did you finish doing your homework
9 need to do sth 需做某事
We need to go home early
10 leave for + 名 离开出发…
leave A for B 离开AB
My parents and I are leaving (here) for Beijing tomorrow
My uncle will leave Beijing for Tokyo tomorrow
11 have a good time have fun 玩开心
enjoy oneself
We had a good time had fun last night
We enjoyed ourselves last night
I hope you can have a good time have fun
I hope you can enjoy yourself yourselves
12．spend意度花费（时间金钱等）语般常句式：
spend…on sth
Spend…(in) doing sth ：
How long do you spend on your homework everyday
How long do you spend (in) doing your homework everyday天花少时间做作业
三．重点句子
1 What are you doing for vacation
假期算做什？
I am babysitting my sister
算顾妹妹
2 Where is he going ？
He is going to Italy 算意利
3 When is he going 什时候？
He is going on the 11th in December
算11号12月
4 Who is she going with 算谁？
She is going with her parents
算父母亲
5 How long are they staying in Tibet
准备西藏呆久？
They are staying for three weeks
算呆三星期
6 That sounds interesting 听起趣
sound 感官动词
感官动词面加形容词
感官动词：look（起） sound（听起） feel（感觉起） taste（尝起） smell（闻起）…
7 I don＇t like going away for too long
喜欢离开太久
like to do sth like doing sth 喜欢做某事
8 I know there are many people there （who speak French） 知道许说法语
Who speak French 定语句修饰先行词 people 先行词物时定语句必须关系代词 who 引导
I know the girl（ who comes from Spain in his class）
认识班里西班牙女孩
Do you know the man （who is fishing）
认识正钓鱼？
9 He planned to have a very relaxing vacation
计划度轻松假期
plan to do sth 计划做某事
10 I just finished making my last movie
刚制作完部电影
finish doing sth 完成做某事
11 I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing 听说泰国观光方
a good place to go sightseeing 观光方
12 I want to ask you about places to visit in China
想问关中国参观方
want to do sth 想做某事
ask sb about sth 问某关某事
13 I am planning my vacation to Italy this weekend
算周末意利度假
plan my vacation to Italy 计划意利度假
plan to go to Italy for vacation
14 What should tourist take with them
游客必须带什（身）呢？
take sth with sb 带某物身身带某物
It＇s going to rain Please take an umbrella with you 雨请带雨
They take some money with them身带着钱
四．知识结构
What are you doing for vacation
算准备计划假期做什？
I am going sightseeing
算准备计划观光
里现进行时 be doing结构表示计划安排进行动作 意图 算含义通常表未时间状语连
I am visiting him tomorrow
明天拜访
He is leaving for Italy in three days
三天出发意利
Are they coming this afternoon
天午会？
be + 动词ing
１）be + 动词ing表示动词现进行时指正进行发生动作事情：
He is doing his homework 正做作业
２）be + 动词ing表示期计划马发生动作常表示时间状语连
She is leaving for Shanghai this evening 算晚动身海
They are taking a long vacation this summer 算年夏天度长假
般情况加ing形容词修饰sth
加ed形容词修饰sb
relaxing 令轻松
relaxed 感轻松
①He plans to have a very relaxing vacation计划度轻松假期
②I am relaxed after reading the interesting book趣书感轻松
interesting 趣 interested 感兴趣
I am interested in the interesting film 部趣电影兴趣
surprising 令吃惊
surprised 感吃惊
He was surprised when he heard the surprising news 听令惊讶消息感吃惊
exciting 令兴奋 excited 感兴奋
表示时间 inon at
in on at 表示时间词（组）连
1 in 表示时间段较长时间：
in the morning 午 in May 2004 2004年五月
in a week 周（）
It＇s Sunday I can finish it in two days
现星期天两天完成（星期二）
Rome was not built in a day 罗马天建起
2 on 指具体天：
on Sunday 星期天 on May Day 五节
on a hot afternoon 炎热午
He arrived in Beijing on April 262004
2004年4月26日达北京
3 at 表示时间点较短时间：
at 800 八点 at noon 中午
I always get up at 600 every morning 总天早晨六点起床
It＇s always warm at this time of year 年时候总暖
解题点拨
例1． When I __________ home I’ll show you the photos
Aget to B return to C get back D return back
解析 home 前to 省略AB错误选项D选项中returnback搭配属语意重复正确答案C
例2．I decide ______ go fishing with Sally
Aon Bto Cat Din
解析 decide 介词on to连decide on表示决定 时面宾语名词代词decide 定式to do 连表示决定做 …正确答案B
新课标教版8年级英语
Unit 4 How do you get to school
．短语纳
1 take the subway to … go to … by subway 搭铁
2 take the train to … go to … by train 坐火车
3 take a bus to … go to …by bus go to … on a bus 坐公汽车
4 take a taxi to … go to … by taxi 坐士
5 ride a bike bicycle to… go to … by bike bicycle 骑行车
6 walk to… go to … on foot 步行
7 take a car to… go to … in a car go to … by car 坐汽车
8 get to school 达学校get toarrive inatreach 达 (in加方at加方)
9 10 kilometers from school 离学校10公里（远）
10 from…to… …… from his home to school 家学校
11 how （提问状态交通工具） 样
how long 询问时间长度（提问时间段 长（时间）） 物体长度
how often （提问频率） 久时间次
how far （提问距离） 远
how many 提问数量） 少
how much（提问数量价钱） 少少钱
how soon久询问某事久发生
12 have a quick breakfast 快速吃早餐
13 leave for school 出发学校
14 the early bus 早班车
15 take sb to school 带某学校
Then the early bus takes him to school然坐早班车学校
16 bus ride 搭公车路程
17 bus stop 公车亭
18 bus station 公车站
bus stop 指站bus station指站汽车站现英语 尤美式英语里二者区分太细
19 train station 火车站
20 subway station 铁站
21 think of 认
22 around the worldall over the world 遍全世界
22the school bus 校车
23 in North South America 北南美洲
in the northsoutheastwest of American 美国北南东西部
24 on the school bus 坐校车
25 in other parts of the world 世界方
26 the other （两者中）
27 others other (students) （学生）
28 things are different 情况
29 be different from …
be the same as ……样(见)
30 make a difference 产生差异
31 depend on 取决赖
In China it depends on where you are → depend on 视……定决定
I haven’t a car I have to depend on the buses 没汽车公汽车
32 go to school by boat take a boat to school 坐船学
33 must be 肯定定
34 a lot more fun 更乐趣
35 not all students非学生
36 the most popular ways means流行方式
means of transportation 交通方式
In Chinabikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation中国行车公汽车流行交通方式
37 a small number of 部分
A small number of students take the subway to school部分学生坐铁学
38 a large great number of 数
☆ a number of + 复数名词 作语动词复数 许many
largegreatsmall 修饰表程度
☆ the number of + 复数名词 作语动词单数 …数量
A great number of students are young
The number of them is 2200
39 be ill in the hospital 生病住院
illsick 作表语 He is illsick 生病
He is a sick man 病（sick作定语时ill）
ill(形容词)：illness（名词）
40 worry about sbsth 担心某某事
☆ worry about sbsthbe worried about …某某事担心
I worry about my study I am wirried about my study
41 take a shower淋浴
42at around six thirty约六点半
around 作介词时约意思时常数词连
He leaves for school at around six thirty 约6点30分动身学校
leave for 动词短语意思（某） 见3单元重点短语纳中详解
43 five minutes’walk步行五分钟路程
44 Don’t worry 担心
45 in Chinese 汉语
46How What about…？
How What about…？常询问建议中about介词名词代词动名词意思……样？……？
How about trying again 试？
二． 固定结构
1 It takes took (sb) some time to do sth
做某事花某……时间某花……时间做某事
It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework
花20分钟时间完成作业
It took him 2 years to finish making the movie
花两年时间制作部电影
句子结构等：
sb spend spent some time on sth 某花……时间某事
sb spend spent some time (in) doing sth
某花……做某事
It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework
I spend 20 minutes on all my homework
I spend 20 minutes (in) doing all my homework
It took him 2 years to finish making the movie
I spent 2 years on the movie
He spent 2 years (in) making the movie
三 重点句子
1 How do you get to school
I ride my bike to school
How do I get there there副词说get to there
2 How long does it take
It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus
3 How long does it take you to ride your bike to school
It takes me 35 minutes to ride my bike to school
需长时间校？步行约10分钟汽车15分钟
4 How far is it (from his home to school)
How far does he live from school
It is three miles (from his home to school) 家学校远？约10公里
5 What do think of the transportation in your town
How do you like the transportation in your town
What do you think of … …法样？
How do you like … 认…样？
6 That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus
肯定坐公车更趣
表推测：must be 定必定肯定 肯定句中
a lota bita littlemuchsomeevenstillfar…修饰较级 a little taller
more manymuch较级表示更意思较级+ than 构成较级结构
7 A small number of students take a subway
a number of many 许
8 Don＇t worry 担心
9 I have a map but in Chinese
10 When it rains I take a taxi
11In North America not all students take the bus to school
not all部分否定意思全部
表部分否定：not all both many much everyone everything always等连表部分否定
四．句子结构拓展
It depends on where you are 取决里
宾语句宾语句中陈述句语序
I know
He comes from Spain
→ I know he comes from Spain
I want to know
Where does he come from
→ I want to know where he comes from
In places (where there are rivers and lakes) students usually go to school by boat
(河流湖泊)方学生通常坐船学
定语句where there are rivers and lakes 定语修饰前面名词 place
The girl (who speaks French) is my classmate
（说法语）女孩班学
定语句修饰名词（先行词）物关系代词who连接
He wants to live in a place (where there are flowers and grass) 想住花草方
定语句修饰名词（先行词）点关系副词 where 连接
take spend cost
●take面常双宾语 常见法种：
(1) It takes sb ＋时间＋to do sth 做某事花某少时间
例：It took them three years to build this road 三年时间修完条路
(2)doing sth takes sb ＋时间做某事花某少时间
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon 花午修车
●spend语必须 常结构：
(1) spend time ／money on sth ……花费时间（金钱）
例：I spent two hours on this maths problem 道数学题花两时
(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth 花费时间（金钱）做某事
例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge 造座桥花两年时间
(3)spend money for sth 花钱买……
例：His money was spent for books 钱买书
●cost语物某种活动 表示值 常见法：
(1)sth costs (sb) ＋金钱某物花（某）少钱
例：A new computer costs a lot of money 买台新电脑花笔钱
(2) (doing) sth costs (sb) ＋时间某物（做某事）花（某）少时间
例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time 花量时间记住单词
注意：cost式分词cost动句
●pay作花费意思时常见法：
(1)sb+ pay for sth 付……款
例：He paid ￡5 for the book 买书花5英镑
(2)pay sbfor sth ……某报酬
例：The boss paid Bob for his work 老板工作Bob报酬
Detailed Solution for Unit 5
Can you come to my party
重词汇
◆ lesson5lesEn n 课课程
◆ calendar5kAlIndE n 日历行事历
◆ tomorrowtE5mCrEJ n 明天
◆ invitation9InvI5teIFEnn 邀请
◆ matchmAtFn 赛竞赛
◆ wholehEJladj 整整全部完整
重词组
◆ baseball game 棒球赛
◆ the day after tomorrow 天
◆ come over to 方方
◆ go to the doctor 病
◆ have a piano lesson 钢琴课
◆ have to
◆ text time 次
◆ study for a test 准备考试
◆ be free 空时间
部分词汇法
做功课：
I usually do my lessons in the evening
2 have a lesson have lessons （学生）课：
I had an art lesson yesterday
3 give a lesson to sb give lessons to sb （老师）某课：
Our math teacher gave a funny lesson to us
) give sb a lesson某教训：
The terrible illness taught him a lesson so he wanted to exercise every day
作形容词：I am still hungry I want to have another apple
作代词： I don’t like this shirt I want to have a look at another
1 from one to another ：
I’m going hiking from one city to another
I love apples so I eat one after another when there are some at home
other othersanotherthe otherthe others
20 students in our class are English and the other students are Chinese
Some say yes but others say no
another作代词（单数）泛指三定数目事物中
the other作代词（单数）表示两者中事物
I have two pens One is red and the other is black
the others作代词（复数）表示全体中部分余事物
20 students in our class are English and the others are Chinese
thank you for thanks for
thank you for谢谢… 面谢谢… 面doing sth
Thank you for your invitation
Thanks for coming to my party
Whole all
all my morningmy whole morning
2 all a an 连whole
说a whole year说all a year
who 问作语谁：Who can open this door
whom 问作宾语谁：Whom are you looking after
注：口语中whowhom通whose 问事物：Whose book is it
come over便访 come along起 come from…
come back回 come down败落 come round （非正式）访前
come into being形成产生 come out出 come on赶快吧
come in 进 come up出现 come up with提出赶
重句型
1 Can you come to my party on Wednesday 星期三聚会？
2 Can you go to the movies 电影？
I’m sorry I have to help my mom 起必须帮妈妈
3 Can shehe go to the baseball game （）棒球赛？
No shehe can’t Shehe has to study for a test （）考试学
4 Can they go to the concert 音乐会？
No they can’t They’re going to a party （参加）聚会
难点
Can you …？句型发出邀请正确回答
1 I have to help my parents 帮助父母
I’m sorry I have to study for a math test 起数学考试学
(1)have to表示意思形势逼迫意味help法：help sb with sth help sb (to) do sth eg
I have to help my parents with the housework 说I have to help my parents (to) do the housework 帮助父母干家务
You shall have to work hard if they want you to get it done this week
果周完成项工作话努力工作(表示外界条件客观需)
must着重说明观法表示意志eg
I must go there to help the poor
必须帮助穷(表示说话法)
时某需强调两种差场合两者互相换eg
I am afraid we have to must leave now 恐怕走
(2)study for…表示……学意思for面接study目eg
We study hard for the people 努力学
They want to work hard for better pay 更报酬努力工作
That’s too bad Maybe another time 太糟许换时间吧
Maybe next time 许次吧
3 Thanks for asking 谢谢邀请
for介词直接动词 ask动词变动名词形式 asking起名词作
Thanks for your photos (photos名词)
Thanks for helping me (helping动名词)
Thank you for your invitation to visit next week 谢谢邀请周做客
4 I have a really busy week 实忙碌周
5 I’m playing tennis with the school team 校队网球
6 finish the geography project in the evening 晚完成理作业
whole做定语：the whole country 整国家
8 come over to my house 家
come over to表示方方
come over便访意思
9I have too much homework this weekend
too much 修饰数名词强调量超出正常范围eg
He sometimes finds his teachers leave them too much work to do
时认老师留作业实太
I don’t want to eat too much food every day 希天吃太东西
too修饰形容词副词表示太意思程度very so quite强
10Thank you for your invitation to visit next week
(1)thank you for…感谢……for表示原表示感谢缘须接名词代词动名词eg
A thousand thanks for your kindness 非常感谢善意
Well I must be going now Thanks for your time 走谢谢花费时间谢谢邀请
(2)名词invitation 动词invite动词面加缀tionion构成表示情况状态性质行等quest—question operate—operation等
11 Please keep quiet I’m trying to study
keep quiet 动词keep法意思基变保存保持表示持意思具体法名词家养条狗
(2)keep+反身代词eg
I kept myself warm by walking up and down 踱踱暖身子
(3)keep+sbsth+形容词eg
The kettle is used for keeping water warm 热水瓶保持水温
(4)keep+动词ing形式eg
They kept working for another half an hour 继续工作半时
(5)keep+sbsth+动词ing形式eg
She kept us waiting for quite some time 等会
语法知识聚焦
1 have to 情态动词区
情态动词单独作谓语面必须接动词原形起构成谓语have to 样
情态动词没称数变化时态受定限制have to 称数变化种时态中般现时中语第三称单数时has to 余称have to般时中had to般时中will have to eg
She has to go to school by bus 公汽车学
If you get ill you’ll have to see the doctor 果生病话医生
2 have to must 区
have to must 必须意思呢？
(1) 含义法区：
have to 强调客观需做某事表示外界条件需做某事含形势逼迫意味must 强调说话者观认必须做某事含观判断意味 eg
My bike was broken on my way to school I had to walk there
行车学路坏走路学（愿意走路行车坏想走路行）
We must learn English well 必须学英语（观种想法）
(2) 否定式区：
have to 否定式意必must否定式意禁止允许must开头般疑问句肯定回答Yes 语+must否定回答No 语+needn’t don’t have toeg
Must I finish the homework now 必须现完成作业？
Yes you must (No you needn’t don’t have to) 必须现完成（必）
3 反意疑问句构成区：
(1) 陈述部分含have to 时附加问句谓语助动词do相应形式助动词willeg
You had to go shopping yesterday didn’t you 昨天购物？
(2) 陈述部分含must 时附加问句谓语面种情况确定：
A must 意必须时附加问句谓语needn’teg
We must clean the classroom needn’t we 必须扫教室？
B mustn’t意禁止意附加问句谓语musteg
The boy mustn’t play with the knife must he 男孩玩刀子？
C must 意应该时附加问句谓语mustn’teg
We must help each other mustn’t we 应该互相帮助？
D must 意定想必表示推测时附加问句部分谓语根must面动词确定eg
Mr Liang must be at home isn’t he 梁先生定家？
注：must 表示种相肯定事实非常接推测eg
Mr Wang must be at home 实相Mr Wang is at home
反意疑问句附加问句部分isn’t he 容易理解
：They must be right aren’t they
4情态动词have to情态动词法较：can may should（应该）
have to第三称单数has toeg
He should study hard 应该学
He has to study hard 学
（2）4情态动词般疑问句中提前写否定句中直接边加not（can例）
Can he go with us 起？
have to加助动词do doesdid完成疑问否定句
学试着面三种话分写成（1）般疑问句做肯定回答（2）否定句
A They have to go to the party Do they have to go to the party Yes they do
They don’t have to go to the party
B He has to go to see the doctor Does he have to go to see the doctor Yes he does
He doesn’t have to go to see the doctor
C She had to have a piano lesson yesterday Did she have to have a piano lesson yesterday
Yes she did She didn’t have to have a piano lesson yesterday
（助动词 does did表示疑问否定时定注意原动词第三称单数式原）
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Unit 1How often do you exercise
I 重点短语纳：
on weekends 周末
1 go to the movies 电影
2 look aftertake care of 顾
3 surf the internet 网
4 healthy lifestyle 健康生活方式
5 go skateboarding 滑滑板
watch TV电视
6 keep healthystay healthy keep in good health 保持健康
keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态
do some reading 阅读
7 exercise takedo (much) exercisedo sports锻炼
8 eating habits 饮食惯
9 take more exercise 做更运动
10 the same as 什相
11 once a month月次
12 be different from
13 twice a week周两次three times a week周三次
14 make a difference to 什影响
As teachers you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students
身教师必须坚信够影响学生生
A false step will make a great difference to my future
错走步前程说会产生影响
15 how often 久次询问动作发生频率
how many times 少次 提问做某事次数
16 althoughthough然
Although he is old he is quite strong
(He is old but he is quite strong)
句子中althoughthoughbutyetstill然becauseso
17 most of the studentsmost students数学生
18 shopgo shoppingdo some shopping 购物
19 as for
20 activity survey活动调查
21 do homework做家庭作业
22 do house work做家务事
23 eat less meat吃更少肉
24 junk food垃圾食物
25 be good for 什益
26 be bad for什害
27 want to do sth 想做某事
28 want sb to do sth想某做某事
29 try to do sth 量做某事
30 come home from school放学回家
31 of coursecertainlysure然
32 get good grades取成绩
33 some advice 建议
some advice 中 advice 数名词 a piece of advice 建议
give advice 提出建议 take one’s advice 采纳听某建议
4 help sb to do sth帮助某做某事help sb with sth
35 a lot of vegetablesmany vegetables许蔬菜
36 hardly almost not hardly ever少
37 keepbe in good health保持健康
38 your favorite program喜欢节目
39 Animal World 动物世界
40 play soccer踢足球
41every day 天
every day everyday
1 every day 作状语译天：
We go to school at 710 every day
天7：10学
I decide to read English every day
决定天读英语
2 everyday 作定语译日常
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner
晚饭电视日常英语
What＇s your everyday activity 日常活动什？
42once or twice a week 周两次
43 three or four times a week 周三四次
44 at Green High School 格林高中
45 all students 学生
46 most students 数学生
47 some students 学生
48 no students 没学生
49the result of a survey 调查结果
50the result for watch TV电视调查结果
51 improve your English 提高英语
52 drink milk 喝牛奶
53 pretty healthy 相健康 pretty adv 相非常
Pretty（作副词时） ratherveryquite 非常相
54 kind of a little 点
I think I’m kind of unhealthy 想点健康
二 重点句子：
1How often do you exercise （）久锻炼次身体？
How often + 助动词do(doesdid) + 语 + do sth 疑问词how often问频率(久次)（里助动词do(doesdid) 起帮助构成疑问作）般现时般时连回答般表示频率副词：once twice three times… sometimes often quite often never every day once a week twice a month three times a month three or four times a month等
How often do you go to the factory Twice a week久工厂次？ 星期两次
How often does he go shopping He goes shopping once a month
2What do you usually do on weekends I usually play soccer
周末通常做什？通常踢足球
第do助动词 起帮助构成疑问作第二do实义动词
翻译：What do you usually do on weekends I often go to the movies
What does she usually do on weekends She sometimes go hiking
3 What’s your favorite program It’s Animal World
喜欢什节目？动物世界
4 As for homework most students do homework every day
as for意思关常句首作状语名词代词动词ing形式（动名词）：
As for himI never want to see him here 永远希里见
As for the storyyou＇d better not believe it 关事相信
现想As for myself I don’t want to go now
什知道As for the man I know nothing about him
5 Mom wants me to get up at 600 and play pingpong with her
want to do sth 意思想做某事
want sb to do sth意思想某做某事：
Do you want to go to the movies with me？想起电影？
The teacher doesn＇t want us to eat hamburgers老师想吃汉堡包
动词面种结构做动词复合宾语
ask sb to do sth 某做某事
tell sb to do sth 告诉某做某事
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某做某事
6 She says it’s good for my health
be good for表示……益（处）反义：be bad for（里for
介词名词代词动名词）：
It＇s good for us to do more reading 读书处
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes床读书眼睛害
7 How many hours do you sleep every night
8 I exercise every day usually when I come home from school
9 My eating habits are pretty good 里pretty相very
10I try to eat a lot of vegetables usually ten to eleven times a week
try to do sth表示 力做某事 包含否成功意思try doing sth表示
（某办法）试着做某事
You’d better try doing the experiment in another way
试试种方法做试验
11 My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades
help sb(to) do sth帮助某做某事
12 Good food and exercise help me to study better
里betterwell较级good较级
13Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different
＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours
be the same as … be different from …
14 What sports do you play
15 A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health
keep in good health keep healthy stay healthy
16 You must try to eat less meat
try to do sth表示 力做某事 包含否成功意思lesslittle较级
17 That sounds interesting
语+系动词+表语结构简单句sound（听起）look（起）smell
（闻起）taste（尝起）feel（觉）seem（象）grow（变）get
（变）等词英语中作系动词形容词作表语：
It tastes good 味道
The music sounds very sweet 音乐听起入耳
The smoke grew heavier and heavier 烟雾变越越浓
18 I think I’m kind of unhealthy 想点健康
kind of a little
a kind of 种
三．知识结构
注意sometimes形似词区
(1) sometime副词意某时候某时
Will you come again sometime next week
(2) some time名词词组意段时间做时间状语
I will stay here for some time呆段时间
(3) some times名词词组意次倍
I met him some times in the street last month
月街遇次
（4）sometimes 频度副词意时
He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends
时周末滑滑板
time意时间时数名词 意次数倍数时数名词
What time is it
I go to the movies three times a week
注意次数表达方法
次 once 两次 twice三次三次基数词加times：
three timesfive timesone hundred times
表示……次表达方法：
once a day a week a month a year
twice a day a week a month a year
samedifferent
1same指相前面通常定冠词the果same前面已thisthose等词the连：
We are in the same class 班级
结构：the same as 样 ：
His mark is the same as mine 分数分数样
2different译数名词应复数形式：
We are in different classes 班级
结构：be different from ：
This sweater is different from that one 件毛衣件
different名词形式difference 复数形式differences
hard hardly
hard hard作形容词作副词adj 辛苦困难 adv 努力劲
He had a hard (adj)time in the past
It＇s a hard (adj) question (difficult) 难问题
The boy studies very hard (adv) 男孩学非常努力
He works hard 努力工作
句子结构：It＇s hard for sb to do sth 做某事某说难：
It＇s hard for him to finish the work 完成项工作说难
注意区分：hard work 困难工作
work hard 努力工作
hardly频度副词表示否定意思（almost not）通常形容词副词动词前hardly adv 简直
I can hardly see it
He hardly works 工作
It hardly rains here does it
how often how long how soon how far
how often 隔久次指动作频率答语常often never twice a week等表示频率副词短语（般现时般时）
How often do you go to the movies
Once a week I never go to the movies
how long 1)（延续）长时间回答for＋时间段since＋时间点（种时态）2) 询问物体长度
How long is the Yellow River
How long have you learned English
I have learned it for 5 years
I have learned it since 5 years ago
how soon 久…久答语常in＋时间段（般时）
How soon will she come back
She’ll come back in an hour
how far 远询问距离
Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home
How far is it from your home to our school
It’s 2 kilometers away
教新目标八年级英语册
Unit 2 what’s the matter
．重点短语纳
1 footfeet 脚 <复> toothteeth 牙齿 <复>
2 have a cold 感
3 have a stomachache 胃疼
4 have a sore back背疼
5 have a sore throat喉咙疼
6 have a fever发烧
7 lie down and (have a)rest 躺休息 have a rest 休息
8 hot tea with honey 加蜜热茶
9 see a dentist 牙医 see a doctor 医生
10drink lots of water喝水
11lots of a lot of a lot
a lot oflots of修饰数名词复数数名词般肯定句中：
There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot副词词组动词连表示十分等意思 Thanks a lot
12 have a toothache牙疼
13 That’s a good idea意
14 go to bed 睡觉 go to bed early 早床睡觉
15 feel well感 feel ill 感舒服
I don’t feel well I’m not feeling well
感觉舒服
16 start doing to do sth开始做某事
TO DO 件事情完成开始做外件事情
DOING原件事情做半现开始做件事情
17 two days ago两天前
18 get some rest 休息 休息会
19 I think so认样
20 be thirsty口渴
21 be hungry 饥饿
22 be stressed out紧张
23 listen to music听音乐
24 healthy lifestyle健康生活方式
25 traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
26 need to do sth 需做某事
I have a toothache I need to see a dentist 牙痛 需牙医
We need to keep our classroom clean 需保持教室干净
27 a balance of yin and yang阴阳衡
28 for example例
29 too much yin太阴 阴气太盛
too much + 数名词 太…
much too +形副 实太… 极非常
too many + 数名词复数 太…
30be good for sth doing sth 什益 什处
be bad for sth doing sth 什害
be good to …
be good at do well in ……方面擅长
be good(bad) forbe good at相关法
1be good for 益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health
做早操建康益
2be good at 擅长
Li Ping is good at basketball 李擅长篮球
Li Ping is good at playing basketball 李擅长篮球
be good at do well in ：
I＇m good at math I do well in math 擅长数学
3be good to
Parents are always good to their children父母亲总孩子
31get good grades 取成绩
32angry 法 be angry with sb生某气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting生气等久
be angry at about sth 某事生气
33Chinese medicine 中药
34be popular in + some place 某流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries 现中药许西方国家受欢迎
35in western countries西方国家
36It’s easy to do sth做某事容易 It’s important to do sth 做某事重
37balanced diet衡饮食
38get tired 感疲倦 beget tired
39go out at night晚出
When you are tired you shouldn’t go out at night 疲倦时晚该外出
40stay healthy 保持健康 keep healthykeep in good health
41at the moment时刻 now
I’m not feeling very well at the moment
42enjoy sth like sth (名词)喜欢某物
enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself yourselfherself himself themselves ourselves itself
反身代词) 玩高兴愉快have a good time have a wonderful time have fun
43 conversation practice会话练
44 host family 寄宿家庭
45 have a lot of headaches常疼痛
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches 疲劳常头痛
46 a few + 数名词复数 少许…
a little + 数名词形副 点…
47He shouldn’t eat anything
He should eat nothing 应吃东西
48give sb some advice某建议give advice 提出建议
advice 数名词
a piece of advice 建议 take one’s advice 采纳听某建议
He gave me some good advice
提意见
49sleep 8 hours a night晚睡眠八时
50take medicine 吃药 服药
I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold感天吃三次药
二 固定结构
It’s +形 + for sb + to do sth
做某事某说…
It’s important to do sth 做某事重
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet 衡饮食说重
It’s easy to do sth做某事容易
It’s easy for us to find out the answer 找出答案说容易
三．重点句子
1What’s the matter What’s the mater with you 啦？
What’s the trouble with youWhat’s wrong with you
I have a cold have a sore back have a stomachache
2That’s too bad You should shouldn’t … 太糟糕 应该该…
You should lie down and rest drink hot tea with honey see a dentist see a doctor
He shouldn’t eat anything He should eat nothing 应吃东西
3I’m not felling well 里well表示身体状况good代
I don’t feel well I’m not feeling well 感觉舒服
4When did it start About two days ago 什时候开始？约两天前
5I hope you fell better soon 希快起
里betterwell较级
6Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy 传统中医认需阴阳调保持身体健康
里 to be healthy动词定式短语作目状语
7You should eat hot yang foods like beef 应该吃牛肉类阳性食物
8Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this
吃参黄芪等草植物处
9People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang
太紧张易怒许吃太阳性食物too much数名词too many数名词复数
10It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle and it’s important to eat a balanced diet 健康生活方式容易饮食衡重
→ It’s easy to do sth 做某事容易 It’s important to do sth 做某事重
11You should rest for a few nights 应该休息晚
12I study late every night sometimes until 2 am but I don’t think I’m improving
天晚学晚时凌晨2点钟认没提高
13believe in 信某强调品质believe sb相信某话
I believe him but I can’t believe in him
话真信
14 I have a toothache I need to see a dentist
→ need意思 需 作实义动词时动词定式否定式don’t doesn’t didn’t need (to do sth) 作情态动词时否定句疑问句中否定式needn’t(do sth) 式外没形态变化
四．知识结构
情态动词should法
should情态动词基法必须动词起构成谓语情态动词没称数变化意应该
should（应应该）称表示劝告建议
eg You should wait a little more
应该等会
I have a very bad cold感厉害
You should lie down and have a rest应该躺喝水
maybemay be
1maybe副词译许相perhaps：
Maybe he can answer the question 许回答问题
He maybe is from the USA too 美国
2may be中may情态动词译：
He may be from the USA too 美国
She may be our English teacher 英语老师
too manytoo muchmuch too
1too many意太修饰数名词复数：
There are too many students in our class 班太学生
2too much意太修饰数名词：
We have too much work to do 太工作做
3much too表示太修饰形容词副词：
The box is much too heavy so I can＇t carry it
箱子太重搬动
fewa fewlittlea little区联系：
1few a few修饰数名词few表示否定意义没没a few表示肯定意思 例：
He has few friends here he feels lonely 里没朋友感觉寂寞
There are a few eggs in the basket篮子里鸡蛋
2little a little修饰数名词little表示否定意思没没
a little 表示肯定意思点 例：
There is little ink in my bottle can you give me a little ink
瓶子里没墨水点墨水？
not…until 直 …(否定句) 动词短暂性瞬间性动词
She didn’t leave until we came
He went shopping after he got up
He didn’t go shopping until before he got up
……untiltill 直··· （肯定句）动词延续性动词
We stayed here tilluntil 12 o’clock
教新目标八年级英语册
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation
．重点短语纳
1 go camping 野营
2 go shopping 购物
3 go skateboarding 滑滑板
4 go swimming 游泳
5 go boating 划船
6 go skating 滑冰
7 go hiking (in the mountains) 山徒步旅行远足
8 go climbing 登山
9 go fishing 钓鱼
10 go bike riding cycling 骑行车旅行
11 go sightseeing 观光
12 visit my grandma cousins my friends in Hong Kong 拜访祖母堂兄弟香港朋友
13 spend time with friends 朋友度
14 babysit her sister 顾妹妹
15 relax at home 家休息
16 go to sports camp 运动野营
17 go to the beach 沙滩
18 take a vacation 度假
19 go to Tibet for a week 西藏星期
20 go away 离开走开
It made me sad to hear you have to go away听非走觉伤心
21 (for) too long 太久
22 how long 长（时间）
23
have a good timehave funenjoy oneself 玩高兴玩开心
24 get back to school home 回学校回家
go back come back get back 回 get back to +some where回某
get back home here there 回家
go back to school 回学校return to school
go back home 回家return home
25 stay for three weeks 呆三星期
26 take walks take a walk 散步take walkshave walksgo for a walk 散步
27 rent videos 租录带
28 a famous French singer 著名法籍歌手
29 take a long vacation 度长假
30 take vacations in Europe 欧洲度假
31 think about of 考虑思考
32 something different interesting important 趣 重东西
I have something interesting to tell you 趣事告诉
She wants something new 想新东西
33 spend time in the beautiful countryside 美丽乡村度
34 forget all the problems 忘记问题(烦恼)
35 sleep a lot 睡觉睡够
36 can＇t wait 迫can’t wait to do sth 迫做某事
She can’t wait to get home to see her parents
迫想回家父母
37 a good place to go sightseeing 观光方
38 leave for Italy Greece Spain Europe 离开出发意利希腊西班牙欧洲
39 places to visit in China 中国参观方
40 plan my vacation to Italy 计划意利度假
41 the first week in June 六月第周
42 leave for … 离开出发……
leave法
1leave+点表示离开某例：
When did you leave Shanghai
什时候离开海？
2leave for+点表示动身某例：
Next Friday Alice is leaving for London
周五爱丽斯伦敦
3leave+点+for+点表示离开某某例：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing
什离开海北京？
43 rent videos to sb 租碟片某
rent videos from sb 某租碟片
44 make a movie 拍电影
45 ask sb about sth 问某某事
46 at night in the evening 晚
47WhatHow about+ doing> …样呢
48 on Monday 星期
49next week 周
50the Great Wall 长城
二．固定结构
1 show sb sth 某某物
show sth to sb 某物某
He showed me a postcard from Hong Kong yesterday
He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday
类似结构： give sb sth give sth to sb 某物某
buy sb sth buy sth for sb 某买某物
2 send sb sth 寄某某物
send sth to sb 寄某物某
My friends sent me a letter just now
My friends sent a letter to me just now
3 think about of sth doing sth
考虑某事考虑做某事
He often thinks about going to Europe for vacation
4 decide on sth 决定某事
decide to do sth 决定做某事
They will decide on the case(案件) tomorrow
He decided to go sightseeing at last
5 plan to do sth 计划做某事(式) planned （现分词）planning
She planned to go to Greece for vacation
vacation plans 假期计划 make plans 制定计划
We should make plans before we do anything
做事前应该制定计划
6 forget to do sth 忘记做某事
forget doing sth 忘记做某事
Don＇t forget to close the door when you leave the classroom
I forget going to Spain before
7 remember to do sth 记做某事
remember doing sth 记做某事
Remember to bring your book here tomorrow
He remembered calling you just now
8 finish sth finish doing sth 完成某事完成做某事
Do you finish your homework
When did you finish doing your homework
9 need to do sth 需做某事
We need to go home early
10 leave for + 名 离开出发…
leave A for B 离开AB
My parents and I are leaving (here) for Beijing tomorrow
My uncle will leave Beijing for Tokyo tomorrow
11 have a good time have fun 玩开心
enjoy oneself
We had a good time had fun last night
We enjoyed ourselves last night
I hope you can have a good time have fun
I hope you can enjoy yourself yourselves
12．spend意度花费（时间金钱等）语般常句式：
spend…on sth
Spend…(in) doing sth ：
How long do you spend on your homework everyday
How long do you spend (in) doing your homework everyday天花少时间做作业
三．重点句子
1 What are you doing for vacation
假期算做什？
I am babysitting my sister
算顾妹妹
2 Where is he going ？
He is going to Italy 算意利
3 When is he going 什时候？
He is going on the 11th in December
算11号12月
4 Who is she going with 算谁？
She is going with her parents
算父母亲
5 How long are they staying in Tibet
准备西藏呆久？
They are staying for three weeks
算呆三星期
6 That sounds interesting 听起趣
sound 感官动词
感官动词面加形容词
感官动词：look（起） sound（听起） feel（感觉起） taste（尝起） smell（闻起）…
7 I don＇t like going away for too long
喜欢离开太久
like to do sth like doing sth 喜欢做某事
8 I know there are many people there （who speak French） 知道许说法语
Who speak French 定语句修饰先行词 people 先行词物时定语句必须关系代词 who 引导
I know the girl（ who comes from Spain in his class）
认识班里西班牙女孩
Do you know the man （who is fishing）
认识正钓鱼？
9 He planned to have a very relaxing vacation
计划度轻松假期
plan to do sth 计划做某事
10 I just finished making my last movie
刚制作完部电影
finish doing sth 完成做某事
11 I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing 听说泰国观光方
a good place to go sightseeing 观光方
12 I want to ask you about places to visit in China
想问关中国参观方
want to do sth 想做某事
ask sb about sth 问某关某事
13 I am planning my vacation to Italy this weekend
算周末意利度假
plan my vacation to Italy 计划意利度假
plan to go to Italy for vacation
14 What should tourist take with them
游客必须带什（身）呢？
take sth with sb 带某物身身带某物
It＇s going to rain Please take an umbrella with you 雨请带雨
They take some money with them身带着钱
四．知识结构
What are you doing for vacation
算准备计划假期做什？
I am going sightseeing
算准备计划观光
里现进行时 be doing结构表示计划安排进行动作 意图 算含义通常表未时间状语连
I am visiting him tomorrow
明天拜访
He is leaving for Italy in three days
三天出发意利
Are they coming this afternoon
天午会？
be + 动词ing
１）be + 动词ing表示动词现进行时指正进行发生动作事情：
He is doing his homework 正做作业
２）be + 动词ing表示期计划马发生动作常表示时间状语连
She is leaving for Shanghai this evening 算晚动身海
They are taking a long vacation this summer 算年夏天度长假
般情况加ing形容词修饰sth
加ed形容词修饰sb
relaxing 令轻松
relaxed 感轻松
①He plans to have a very relaxing vacation计划度轻松假期
②I am relaxed after reading the interesting book趣书感轻松
interesting 趣 interested 感兴趣
I am interested in the interesting film 部趣电影兴趣
surprising 令吃惊
surprised 感吃惊
He was surprised when he heard the surprising news 听令惊讶消息感吃惊
exciting 令兴奋 excited 感兴奋
表示时间 inon at
in on at 表示时间词（组）连
1 in 表示时间段较长时间：
in the morning 午 in May 2004 2004年五月
in a week 周（）
It＇s Sunday I can finish it in two days
现星期天两天完成（星期二）
Rome was not built in a day 罗马天建起
2 on 指具体天：
on Sunday 星期天 on May Day 五节
on a hot afternoon 炎热午
He arrived in Beijing on April 262004
2004年4月26日达北京
3 at 表示时间点较短时间：
at 800 八点 at noon 中午
I always get up at 600 every morning 总天早晨六点起床
It＇s always warm at this time of year 年时候总暖
解题点拨
例1． When I __________ home I’ll show you the photos
Aget to B return to C get back D return back
解析 home 前to 省略AB错误选项D选项中returnback搭配属语意重复正确答案C
例2．I decide ______ go fishing with Sally
Aon Bto Cat Din
解析 decide 介词on to连decide on表示决定 时面宾语名词代词decide 定式to do 连表示决定做 …正确答案B
新课标教版8年级英语
Unit 4 How do you get to school
．短语纳
1 take the subway to … go to … by subway 搭铁
2 take the train to … go to … by train 坐火车
3 take a bus to … go to …by bus go to … on a bus 坐公汽车
4 take a taxi to … go to … by taxi 坐士
5 ride a bike bicycle to… go to … by bike bicycle 骑行车
6 walk to… go to … on foot 步行
7 take a car to… go to … in a car go to … by car 坐汽车
8 get to school 达学校get toarrive inatreach 达 (in加方at加方)
9 10 kilometers from school 离学校10公里（远）
10 from…to… …… from his home to school 家学校
11 how （提问状态交通工具） 样
how long 询问时间长度（提问时间段 长（时间）） 物体长度
how often （提问频率） 久时间次
how far （提问距离） 远
how many 提问数量） 少
how much（提问数量价钱） 少少钱
how soon久询问某事久发生
12 have a quick breakfast 快速吃早餐
13 leave for school 出发学校
14 the early bus 早班车
15 take sb to school 带某学校
Then the early bus takes him to school然坐早班车学校
16 bus ride 搭公车路程
17 bus stop 公车亭
18 bus station 公车站
bus stop 指站bus station指站汽车站现英语 尤美式英语里二者区分太细
19 train station 火车站
20 subway station 铁站
21 think of 认
22 around the worldall over the world 遍全世界
22the school bus 校车
23 in North South America 北南美洲
in the northsoutheastwest of American 美国北南东西部
24 on the school bus 坐校车
25 in other parts of the world 世界方
26 the other （两者中）
27 others other (students) （学生）
28 things are different 情况
29 be different from …
be the same as ……样(见)
30 make a difference 产生差异
31 depend on 取决赖
In China it depends on where you are → depend on 视……定决定
I haven’t a car I have to depend on the buses 没汽车公汽车
32 go to school by boat take a boat to school 坐船学
33 must be 肯定定
34 a lot more fun 更乐趣
35 not all students非学生
36 the most popular ways means流行方式
means of transportation 交通方式
In Chinabikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation中国行车公汽车流行交通方式
37 a small number of 部分
A small number of students take the subway to school部分学生坐铁学
38 a large great number of 数
☆ a number of + 复数名词 作语动词复数 许many
largegreatsmall 修饰表程度
☆ the number of + 复数名词 作语动词单数 …数量
A great number of students are young
The number of them is 2200
39 be ill in the hospital 生病住院
illsick 作表语 He is illsick 生病
He is a sick man 病（sick作定语时ill）
ill(形容词)：illness（名词）
40 worry about sbsth 担心某某事
☆ worry about sbsthbe worried about …某某事担心
I worry about my study I am wirried about my study
41 take a shower淋浴
42at around six thirty约六点半
around 作介词时约意思时常数词连
He leaves for school at around six thirty 约6点30分动身学校
leave for 动词短语意思（某） 见3单元重点短语纳中详解
43 five minutes’walk步行五分钟路程
44 Don’t worry 担心
45 in Chinese 汉语
46How What about…？
How What about…？常询问建议中about介词名词代词动名词意思……样？……？
How about trying again 试？
二． 固定结构
1 It takes took (sb) some time to do sth
做某事花某……时间某花……时间做某事
It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework
花20分钟时间完成作业
It took him 2 years to finish making the movie
花两年时间制作部电影
句子结构等：
sb spend spent some time on sth 某花……时间某事
sb spend spent some time (in) doing sth
某花……做某事
It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework
I spend 20 minutes on all my homework
I spend 20 minutes (in) doing all my homework
It took him 2 years to finish making the movie
I spent 2 years on the movie
He spent 2 years (in) making the movie
三 重点句子
1 How do you get to school
I ride my bike to school
How do I get there there副词说get to there
2 How long does it take
It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus
3 How long does it take you to ride your bike to school
It takes me 35 minutes to ride my bike to school
需长时间校？步行约10分钟汽车15分钟
4 How far is it (from his home to school)
How far does he live from school
It is three miles (from his home to school) 家学校远？约10公里
5 What do think of the transportation in your town
How do you like the transportation in your town
What do you think of … …法样？
How do you like … 认…样？
6 That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus
肯定坐公车更趣
表推测：must be 定必定肯定 肯定句中
a lota bita littlemuchsomeevenstillfar…修饰较级 a little taller
more manymuch较级表示更意思较级+ than 构成较级结构
7 A small number of students take a subway
a number of many 许
8 Don＇t worry 担心
9 I have a map but in Chinese
10 When it rains I take a taxi
11In North America not all students take the bus to school
not all部分否定意思全部
表部分否定：not all both many much everyone everything always等连表部分否定
四．句子结构拓展
It depends on where you are 取决里
宾语句宾语句中陈述句语序
I know
He comes from Spain
→ I know he comes from Spain
I want to know
Where does he come from
→ I want to know where he comes from
In places (where there are rivers and lakes) students usually go to school by boat
(河流湖泊)方学生通常坐船学
定语句where there are rivers and lakes 定语修饰前面名词 place
The girl (who speaks French) is my classmate
（说法语）女孩班学
定语句修饰名词（先行词）物关系代词who连接
He wants to live in a place (where there are flowers and grass) 想住花草方
定语句修饰名词（先行词）点关系副词 where 连接
take spend cost
●take面常双宾语 常见法种：
(1) It takes sb ＋时间＋to do sth 做某事花某少时间
例：It took them three years to build this road 三年时间修完条路
(2)doing sth takes sb ＋时间做某事花某少时间
例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon 花午修车
●spend语必须 常结构：
(1) spend time ／money on sth ……花费时间（金钱）
例：I spent two hours on this maths problem 道数学题花两时
(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth 花费时间（金钱）做某事
例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge 造座桥花两年时间
(3)spend money for sth 花钱买……
例：His money was spent for books 钱买书
●cost语物某种活动 表示值 常见法：
(1)sth costs (sb) ＋金钱某物花（某）少钱
例：A new computer costs a lot of money 买台新电脑花笔钱
(2) (doing) sth costs (sb) ＋时间某物（做某事）花（某）少时间
例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time 花量时间记住单词
注意：cost式分词cost动句
●pay作花费意思时常见法：
(1)sb+ pay for sth 付……款
例：He paid ￡5 for the book 买书花5英镑
(2)pay sbfor sth ……某报酬
例：The boss paid Bob for his work 老板工作Bob报酬
Detailed Solution for Unit 5
Can you come to my party
重词汇
◆ lesson5lesEn n 课课程
◆ calendar5kAlIndE n 日历行事历
◆ tomorrowtE5mCrEJ n 明天
◆ invitation9InvI5teIFEnn 邀请
◆ matchmAtFn 赛竞赛
◆ wholehEJladj 整整全部完整
重词组
◆ baseball game 棒球赛
◆ the day after tomorrow 天
◆ come over to 方方
◆ go to the doctor 病
◆ have a piano lesson 钢琴课
◆ have to
◆ text time 次
◆ study for a test 准备考试
◆ be free 空时间
部分词汇法
做功课：
I usually do my lessons in the evening
2 have a lesson have lessons （学生）课：
I had an art lesson yesterday
3 give a lesson to sb give lessons to sb （老师）某课：
Our math teacher gave a funny lesson to us
) give sb a lesson某教训：
The terrible illness taught him a lesson so he wanted to exercise every day
作形容词：I am still hungry I want to have another apple
作代词： I don’t like this shirt I want to have a look at another
1 from one to another ：
I’m going hiking from one city to another
I love apples so I eat one after another when there are some at home
other othersanotherthe otherthe others
20 students in our class are English and the other students are Chinese
Some say yes but others say no
another作代词（单数）泛指三定数目事物中
the other作代词（单数）表示两者中事物
I have two pens One is red and the other is black
the others作代词（复数）表示全体中部分余事物
20 students in our class are English and the others are Chinese
thank you for thanks for
thank you for谢谢… 面谢谢… 面doing sth
Thank you for your invitation
Thanks for coming to my party
Whole all
all my morningmy whole morning
2 all a an 连whole
说a whole year说all a year
who 问作语谁：Who can open this door
whom 问作宾语谁：Whom are you looking after
注：口语中whowhom通whose 问事物：Whose book is it
come over便访 come along起 come from…
come back回 come down败落 come round （非正式）访前
come into being形成产生 come out出 come on赶快吧
come in 进 come up出现 come up with提出赶
重句型
1 Can you come to my party on Wednesday 星期三聚会？
2 Can you go to the movies 电影？
I’m sorry I have to help my mom 起必须帮妈妈
3 Can shehe go to the baseball game （）棒球赛？
No shehe can’t Shehe has to study for a test （）考试学
4 Can they go to the concert 音乐会？
No they can’t They’re going to a party （参加）聚会
难点
Can you …？句型发出邀请正确回答
1 I have to help my parents 帮助父母
I’m sorry I have to study for a math test 起数学考试学
(1)have to表示意思形势逼迫意味help法：help sb with sth help sb (to) do sth eg
I have to help my parents with the housework 说I have to help my parents (to) do the housework 帮助父母干家务
You shall have to work hard if they want you to get it done this week
果周完成项工作话努力工作(表示外界条件客观需)
must着重说明观法表示意志eg
I must go there to help the poor
必须帮助穷(表示说话法)
时某需强调两种差场合两者互相换eg
I am afraid we have to must leave now 恐怕走
(2)study for…表示……学意思for面接study目eg
We study hard for the people 努力学
They want to work hard for better pay 更报酬努力工作
That’s too bad Maybe another time 太糟许换时间吧
Maybe next time 许次吧
3 Thanks for asking 谢谢邀请
for介词直接动词 ask动词变动名词形式 asking起名词作
Thanks for your photos (photos名词)
Thanks for helping me (helping动名词)
Thank you for your invitation to visit next week 谢谢邀请周做客
4 I have a really busy week 实忙碌周
5 I’m playing tennis with the school team 校队网球
6 finish the geography project in the evening 晚完成理作业
whole做定语：the whole country 整国家
8 come over to my house 家
come over to表示方方
come over便访意思
9I have too much homework this weekend
too much 修饰数名词强调量超出正常范围eg
He sometimes finds his teachers leave them too much work to do
时认老师留作业实太
I don’t want to eat too much food every day 希天吃太东西
too修饰形容词副词表示太意思程度very so quite强
10Thank you for your invitation to visit next week
(1)thank you for…感谢……for表示原表示感谢缘须接名词代词动名词eg
A thousand thanks for your kindness 非常感谢善意
Well I must be going now Thanks for your time 走谢谢花费时间谢谢邀请
(2)名词invitation 动词invite动词面加缀tionion构成表示情况状态性质行等quest—question operate—operation等
11 Please keep quiet I’m trying to study
keep quiet 动词keep法意思基变保存保持表示持意思具体法名词家养条狗
(2)keep+反身代词eg
I kept myself warm by walking up and down 踱踱暖身子
(3)keep+sbsth+形容词eg
The kettle is used for keeping water warm 热水瓶保持水温
(4)keep+动词ing形式eg
They kept working for another half an hour 继续工作半时
(5)keep+sbsth+动词ing形式eg
She kept us waiting for quite some time 等会
语法知识聚焦
1 have to 情态动词区
情态动词单独作谓语面必须接动词原形起构成谓语have to 样
情态动词没称数变化时态受定限制have to 称数变化种时态中般现时中语第三称单数时has to 余称have to般时中had to般时中will have to eg
She has to go to school by bus 公汽车学
If you get ill you’ll have to see the doctor 果生病话医生
2 have to must 区
have to must 必须意思呢？
(1) 含义法区：
have to 强调客观需做某事表示外界条件需做某事含形势逼迫意味must 强调说话者观认必须做某事含观判断意味 eg
My bike was broken on my way to school I had to walk there
行车学路坏走路学（愿意走路行车坏想走路行）
We must learn English well 必须学英语（观种想法）
(2) 否定式区：
have to 否定式意必must否定式意禁止允许must开头般疑问句肯定回答Yes 语+must否定回答No 语+needn’t don’t have toeg
Must I finish the homework now 必须现完成作业？
Yes you must (No you needn’t don’t have to) 必须现完成（必）
3 反意疑问句构成区：
(1) 陈述部分含have to 时附加问句谓语助动词do相应形式助动词willeg
You had to go shopping yesterday didn’t you 昨天购物？
(2) 陈述部分含must 时附加问句谓语面种情况确定：
A must 意必须时附加问句谓语needn’teg
We must clean the classroom needn’t we 必须扫教室？
B mustn’t意禁止意附加问句谓语musteg
The boy mustn’t play with the knife must he 男孩玩刀子？
C must 意应该时附加问句谓语mustn’teg
We must help each other mustn’t we 应该互相帮助？
D must 意定想必表示推测时附加问句部分谓语根must面动词确定eg
Mr Liang must be at home isn’t he 梁先生定家？
注：must 表示种相肯定事实非常接推测eg
Mr Wang must be at home 实相Mr Wang is at home
反意疑问句附加问句部分isn’t he 容易理解
：They must be right aren’t they
4情态动词have to情态动词法较：can may should（应该）
have to第三称单数has toeg
He should study hard 应该学
He has to study hard 学
（2）4情态动词般疑问句中提前写否定句中直接边加not（can例）
Can he go with us 起？
have to加助动词do doesdid完成疑问否定句
学试着面三种话分写成（1）般疑问句做肯定回答（2）否定句
A They have to go to the party Do they have to go to the party Yes they do
They don’t have to go to the party
B He has to go to see the doctor Does he have to go to see the doctor Yes he does
He doesn’t have to go to see the doctor
C She had to have a piano lesson yesterday Did she have to have a piano lesson yesterday
Yes she did She didn’t have to have a piano lesson yesterday
（助动词 does did表示疑问否定时定注意原动词第三称单数式原）
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