八年级英语册知识点总结 教新目标版
Unit 1 How often do you exercise？
词组
go to the movies 电影 look aftertake care of 顾
surf the internet 网 healthy lifestyle 健康生活方式
go skate boarding 划板 keep healthystay healthy 保持健康
eating habits 饮食惯 take more exercise 做更运动
the same as 什相 once a month 月次
be different from twice a week 周两次
make a difference to 什影响 how often 久次
althoughthough然 as for
activity survey活动调查 do homework做家庭作业
do housework做家务事 eat less meat 吃更少肉
junk food垃圾食物 be good for 什益
be bad for什害 want to do sth 想做某事
want sb to do sth想某做某事 try to do sth 量做某事
come home from school放学回家 of coursecertainlysure 然
get good grades 取成绩 some advice 建议
most of the studentsmost students 数学生
shopgo shoppingdo some shopping 购物
exercisetake (much) exercisedo sports 锻炼
help sb to do sthhelp sb with sth 帮助某做某事
a lot of vegetablesmany vegetables 许蔬菜
hardlynot nearlyalmost not
keepbe in good health保持健康
二词汇精讲
1 alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardly evernever
alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardly evernever英语中常见频度副词
（1）always 频度100表示动作重复状态继续中间没间断意思总永远
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west 太阳总东升西落
（2）usually 频度70左右意通常常少例外
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock 通常10点钟睡觉
（3）often 频度50左右意常常usually频繁表示动作重复中间间断
He is often late for school 学常迟
（4）sometimes 频度20左右意时表示动作偶尔发生位句首示强调般现时
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold 天气忽冷忽热
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way
时样做时样做
（5）hardly ever 频度5左右意偶尔表频率位置行前be
I hardly ever go out these days 天出门
（6）never 频度0意永
My parents are never late for work 父母班迟
拓展
（1）副词句子中位置基相般放助动词be动词情态动词行动词前：行前助(系)
Peter is always late for school Peter学总迟
I usually do my homework in the evening 通常晚做作业
（2）hardlyhard
hardlyhard形式接意义截然
1）hard作形容词时意困难硬勤奋严厉苛刻
hard作副词时常表示程度意努力猛烈剧烈
This ground is too hard to dig 块太硬挖动
They tried hard to succeed 努力工作求成功
2）hardly表频率副词意没相almost not
There is hardly any coffee left There’s almost no coffee left
没剩余咖啡
（3）sometimessometimesome timesome times
单词
词义
法
sometimes
时
般现时般时中
sometime
某时(时间点)
般时般时中
some time
段时间
种时态(指时间段)
some times
次倍
表示次数倍数
He was sometimes late for school 时学迟
He came here sometime 某时候里
He will stay there for some time 里段时间
She came home some times 回次家
2 exercise
（1）作物动词意锻炼运动
— How often do you exercise 久锻炼次？
— I exercise every day 天锻炼
（2）作数名词意锻炼运动常动词take连
Exercise makes me keep healthy 运动保持健康
John likes to take exercise in the open air 约翰喜欢户外锻炼
（3）作数名词意练操
We do morning exercises every day 天做早操
We do English exercises to help us learn English well
做英语练便学英语
3 most
most表示部分半意思
Most children like playing computer games 部分孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏
拓展 mostmost of 区：
（1）most直接名词(数数)时接形容词修饰名词
Most boys like playing football 部分男孩喜欢踢足球
I always spend most time learning English总花部分时间学英语
（2）most直接定冠词指示代词物代词修饰名词遇情况most of 代most
I spent most of my time learning to play the piano last year
年部分时间花学弹钢琴
I did most of that difficult work 件困难工作绝部分做
（3）most of 称代词时应复数形式称代词宾格
Most of them are going off to Guangzhou next week
中数准备星期广州
（4）most 前定冠词时修饰音节形容词表示高级意
This is the most beautiful flower 漂亮花
果most前定冠词a表示非常相very
She is a most beautiful girl 非常漂亮姑娘
4 no
no形容词意没般作定语接数名词数名词相not…aany
I have no friendsI don’t have aany friend 没朋友
拓展
（1）no常省略句中表示许
No smoking 抽烟
No photos 禁止拍
（2）nonot
（1）no单独回答般疑问句not单独
— Can I come ？
— No you can’t
（2）no作形容词接单数复数数名词not副词常修饰谓语动词形容词副词等no相not aan…not any…
5 health
health名词意健康形容词形式healthy意健康
名词词尾加y构成形容词类似词：
rain—rainy 雨—雨 sun—sunny 太阳—晴朗
luck—lucky 幸运—幸运 wind—windy 风—刮风
6shop
shop作动词意购物go shopping购物do some shopping
拓展
go swimming 游泳 go skating 滑冰 go fishing 钓鱼
go boating 划船 do some reading 阅读
do some washing 洗涮 do some cooking 做饭
do some swimming 游泳 do some speaking 说
do some listening 听
7 once a week twice a week
once次twice两次英语中三次三次通常基数词+times表示time里数名词意次数复数加s
I wash my face twice a day 天洗两次脸
He has been there four times 里四次
8 how often
how often意久次常时间频率提问回答oncetwicethree times a day(天两三次)sometimes(时)never()very often(常)等
How often do you watch TV 久次电视？
How often do your parents visit your grandparents
父母久次祖父母？
拓展
词语
词义
法
答语特征
how long
久
询问时间久
forabout+段时间
how often
久次
询问动作频率
oftentwice a week等
how soon
快久
询问时间快
in+段时间
how far
远
询问距离远
ten minutes’ walk
how many
少
询问数名词数量
数词+数名词复数
how much
少
询问数名词数量
数词+表示量词+数名词
少钱
询问价格
数词+钱
9 look after
look after意顾相take care of
My father is ill so I have to look after him at home
父亲病家顾
She is old enough to look after herself 长够顾
拓展
look athave a look at … look over 检查
look up (字典等)查找 look for 寻找
look forward to 期盼 look around 环顾
10lookseewatchread辨析：
look物动词接宾语时须介词at指动作
see做物动词接宾语做物动词着重果见
read指书报里实读做物动词物动词
watch做物动词指非常仔细目特意动作表示注视观监视意常电视赛等短语中
三句式精讲
1 want sbto do sth 意想某做某事
否定形式：want sb not to do sth 想某做某事
want法： want sth 想什
want to do sth 想做某事
She wants a cup of tea 想杯茶
They want to go home 想回家
He wants me to help him 想帮
拓展 want接动词定式时相would like
want (sb)to do sthwould like (sb)to do sth
2 be good for 意…处…益处介词for接名词代词反义词be bad for意…害处
Junk food is not good for our health 垃圾食品健康没处
Smoking is bad for you 吸烟害
拓展
（1）be good to…反义短语be bad to… 介词to般接表示名词代词
She is very good to us
The boss is bad to his workers 老板工
（2）be good at…方面擅长介词at面常接名词代词动词ing形式义短语do well in
She is good at English and Chinese She does well in English and Chinese 擅长英语汉语
（3）be good with…相处擅…相处
Are you good with children 孩子相处？
3 try to do sth
try动词意试图设法努力指付出定努力做某事
try (not)to do sth 努力()做某事力()做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
try out 实验 try on 试穿(鞋衣服等)
try one’s best to do sth 某努力干…
I try to answer the question 力回答问题
He tried swimming across the river 试着游河
She is trying on a new dress 正试穿件新连衣裙
We should try our best to study English well
应努力学英语
try作名词意尝试试图
Let me have a try 试试
4 help sb (to)do sth意帮助某做某事
义词组help sb with sth
He helps me (to)learn English He helps me with my English
帮助学英语
拓展
（1）help sb with sth 某事帮助某
My maths teacher helps me with my maths
数学老师数学帮助
（2）help 作名词作名词时常列短语：
with one’s help with the help of…帮助
With Mary’s help I made rapid progress in English learning
With the help of Mary I made rapid progress in English learning
Mary帮助英语学方面进步快
5 the same as be different from
the same as意…样相
I am in the same school as my younger sister妹妹学校
be different from意…
Saying a thing is very different from doing it
说件事做件事相
the same…as…意…样…常搭配same形容词做定语前总the
Her hair is the same color as her mother’s 头发颜色妈妈样
6 keep in good health 意保持健康
If you want to keep in good health you should eat more fruit and vegetables
果想保持健康应该吃水果蔬菜
health数名词意健康(状况)常be in good(poorbad)health短语中表示身体()
Health is better than wealth 健康胜财富
healthy做形容词意健康名词health+y构成形容词类似词：windycloudysunnyfunnysnowy等
unhealthy意健康un+adj构成形容词un否定前缀类似：
happy高兴—unhappy高兴 fair公—unfair公
拓展
（1）keep动词意保持…(持续)状态常形容词副词介词短语动词ing形式
keep doing sth 继续做某事
keep (sb sth)+ 形容词 (某)保持某种状态
keep sbsth+介词短语 …处某种状态
keep sb sth from doing sth 阻止保护…受
keep on doing sth 反复做某事
You should keep quiet 应该保持安静
He keeps at home because it is hot 直家里天气太热
（2）keep相关短语：
keep up with 赶 keep a shop 开商店
keep an eye on
7kind of常口语意点分修饰形容词副词表程度
He looked kind of angry 点生气
kind表示种类
There are all kinds of shoes in the shoe shop 鞋店里种样鞋
Unit 2 What’s the matter？
词组
have a cold 感 sore back 背痛
sore throat 咽喉痛 lie down and rest 躺休息
see a dentist 牙医 drink lots of water 喝水
hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜热茶 That’s a good idea 意
That’s too bad 太糟糕 I think so 认
get some rest 休息 stressed out 筋疲力
to eat a balance diet 饮食衡 healthy food 健康食品
enjoy sthlike sth 喜欢某物 enjoy doing sth like dong sth 喜欢做某事
practice doing sth 练做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事
finish doing sth 完成某事 give up doing sth 放弃做某事
can’t help doing sth 忍住做某事 keep ding sth 坚持做某事
practice mind finish give up can’t help keep enjoy法基相似
at the moment now 刻 Host family 东道家庭
Conversation practice 会话练 neck and neck 驾齐驱齐头进
a healthy lifestyle健康生活方式 traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医
a balance of yin and yang 阴阳调 You have too much yin 阴气太盛
I have no idea I don’t know 知道
stay healthy keep healthykeep in good health keep fit保持健康
enjoy oneself have a good wonderful timehave fun 玩高兴愉快
I have a stomachache I have got a stomachache My stomach hurts
There is something wrong with my stomach
I have (got) a pain in my stomach 胃痛
What’s the matter What’s the trouble (with you) What’s your trouble
What’s wrong (with you) What’ the matter (with you)
What has happened to you Is there anything wrong (with you)
what’s up ？
I’m not feeling well I’m not feeling fineall right I’m feeling illsick
I feel terriblebad I don’t feel well 觉太舒服
二词汇精讲
1 lie
动词意躺式分词分laylain现分词lying
I found he was lying on the ground 发现躺
拓展 （1）lie位意思
A temple lies on the top of the mountain 座寺庙位山顶
（2）lie作动词时意撒谎式分词规均liedlie作名词意谎言
Don’t lie to me 撒谎
The boy told a lie to me 男孩撒谎
原形
词义
式
分词
现分词
lie
躺位
lay
lain
lying
lie
说谎
lied
lied
lying
（3）英语中部分ie结尾动词ing形式必须改iey加ing
die → dying tie → tying lie → lying
2 hope
hope意希表示实现愿接定式宾语句表达希做某事时需hope that句
I hope you can pass the exam 希通考试
拓展hopewish辨析：
so
hope+ to do sth 注意：没hope sb to do sth法
that句 表示实现观愿
for sth
sb to do sth 接sb复合结构
wish+ sb sth 接双宾语
to do sth hope互换
that句 虚拟语气表示太实现愿
My mother wisheshopes to find her lost watch swh
妈妈希什方找丢失手表
I wish you to finish the work in time 希时完成项工作
3 advice
advice数名词意意见建议劝告忠告定冠词a连
a piece of advice 条建议
Let me give you some advice 建议
Thanks for your advice about the house 谢谢关房子建议
拓展
（1）give advice (on) …提(关…)建议
Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well
关学英语建议？
（2）take one’s advice 听某建议
I’ll take your advice and do exercise every day
会听建议天锻炼身体
（3）adviseadvice动词形式意建议常advise sb to do sth结构中
He advised me to read English every morning 建议天早晨读英语
4 should
should情态动词意应应该表示义务责种称称数变化单独作谓语动词起构成谓语表示说话语气情态否定形式should not缩写shouldn’t法：
（1）表示责义务意应该
You should take your teacher’s advice 应该听老师建议
You shouldn’t be late for class 应该课迟
（2）表示推断意该
The train should have already left 火车已离开
（3）劝某做做某事时常should do sthshouldn’t do sthmustought to更加委婉
You should brush your teeth vefore you go to bed 睡觉前应该刷牙
5 need
（1）need作实义动词意需必然称时态数变化
sbsth 需某某物
need+ to do sth 需做某事
doing 需（）做
He needs some help 需帮助
You didn’t need to come so early 必早
The flowers need watering 花需浇水
（2）need作情态动词意需必须没称数时态变化接动词原形否定句疑问句中
He need not go at once 必立刻走
Need he go at once 必须立刻走？
must提问句子否定回答常needn’t
— Must he hand in his homework this morning
必须天午交作业？
— No he needn’t 必
拓展
need to doneed doing辨析：
need to do sth意需干某事动干某事need doing语物含动意义相need to be done
The student needs to do his homework as soon as he gets home
学生需回家做家庭作业
My computer needs repairing 电脑需修理
6 until
until意直…列法：
（1）作介词接时间名词句中作时间状语
（2）作连词接句引导时间状语句
We waited until the rain stopped 等雨停
She stayed there until 9 o’clock 直等9点钟
拓展
（1）until肯定句中持续性动词连表示某动作持续某时until相tillstandwaitstay等表示句动作终止时间
（2）until否定句中not…until…意直…常非延续性动词连openstartleavearrive等强调句动作开始时间
The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back
直父亲回孩子睡觉
You’d better wait until the rain stops 等雨停
7 have a cold
have a cold动词短语意患感伤风说成catch a coldget a coldtake a cold中have表示患病病进行时态段时间连表示状态catchget a cold表示瞬时动作段时间连
cold名词意伤风感
I have had a cold for three days 感三天
句表达：I caughtgot a cold three days ago
cold做形容词意冷寒冷
A cold wind was coming down the valley 股冷风正吹进山谷
拓展
表示体某部位痛时种结构：
（1）have a+身体部位名词加ache构成
have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛
have a stomachache 胃痛
（2）have a sore+身体部位名词
have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a sore arm 胳膊痛
have a sore foot 脚痛
sore形容词意疼痛通常放表示身体部位词前表示部位疼痛
（3）身体部位+ hurtache
My eyes hurts 眼睛痛
My legs ache 腿疼
（4）have a pain inon+the+身体部位
I have a pain in the arm 胳膊痛
（5）There is something wrong with+one’s+身体部位
There is something wrong with your eyes 眼睛毛病
8 feel well
（1）feel系动词接形容词作表语说明语状态性质特征
I feel tired 感觉累
拓展
类似feel种法词：look()smell(闻起)sound(听起)taste(品尝)get(变)grow(变)等
（2）well形容词意身体健康句中作表语
I don’t think you are a really well man so you should do more exercise
认真正健康应该锻炼
9 too much
too much课文中作形容词意太接数名词作代词短语much形容词意许量
I had too much I’m full now 吃太现饱
拓展
too muchtoo manymuch too辨析：
词语
词形
特点
too much
形容词短语
数名词作代词短语
too many
形容词短语
数名词复数作代词短语
much too
副词短语
形容词副词
Don’t eat too much sweet It’s bad for your teeth
吃太糖牙齿
There are too many books in the room You can choose any one to read
房间里太书选择读
It’s much too cold outside You should put on your coat
外面太冷应该穿外套
10 a fewa littlefewittle
数
数
肯定
a few()
a little()
否定
few(没)
little(没)
We have little time to do it 没时间做件事
He is new here So he has few friends 新没朋友
Peter has just been away for a few minutes Peter刚离开分钟
There is a little milk in the fridge We can buy it tomorrow
冰箱里点牛奶明天买
11becomeget
become常书面语表示状态状态变化强调变化结果
get口语中指短时间变化通常接形容词较级表示变化程
He became a doctor 成名医生
It’s gettingbecome warmer 天气渐渐暖起
12at the moment表示刻现时义词now现进行时态标志词
She is doing her homework at the moment 现正做作业
We are very busy at the moment 现非常忙
拓展
in a momentvery soon 快立刻
for a moment 刻会
13agobefore区
ago做副词指（现算起长时间）前般时态中前通常时间段
I visited him two days ago 两天前拜访
We started our class about ten minutes ago
约十分钟前开始课
before通常表示某时间点前单独做状语ago单独
We began to climb the hill before eight o’clock 八点前开始爬山
三句式精讲
1 What’s the matter
What’s the matter询问方出什毛病问题意医生询问病病情时常语
— What’s the matter ？
— I have a stomachache 胃疼
拓展
What’s the matter接with sbWhat’s the matter with sb意某？What’s wrong with sbWhat’s your trouble表示
What’s the matter with you What’s wrong with you
What’s the trouble with you What’s your trouble ？
注意：matter名词前加定冠词thewrong形容词前面需加冠词trouble名词前面加定冠词the加形容词性物代词说What’s your wrongWhat’s your matter
2 I think so
I think so肯定方提出观点法认样中so副词代前面词短语某种情况意样常believe相信suppose设想hope希think认say说tell告诉实义动词do避免重复
— Do you think it will rain 认会雨？
— Yes I think so 认
拓展
I think so否定形式两种：I don’t think soI think not
类似词believesupposehopebe afraid等
I believe sonot 相信会样
I hope sonot 希会样
3 It’s+adj+for sb+to do sth
结构中it形式语真正语面定式
To learn English is not easy It’s not easy to learn English 学英语容易
拓展
（1）It’s+adj+for sb to do sth 结构中形容词表示做某事性质特征类形容词：importanteasydifficulthardnecessary等
（2）It’s+adj+of sb to do sth 结构中形容词表示品质类形容词：kindwiseclevergoodfoolish等
It’s kind of you to say so 样说真太善良
It’s necessary for you to do more exercise 锻炼说必
4 enjoy doing sth
enjoy物动词意享受…乐趣 欣赏喜欢法：
sth （名词代词）
enjoy+ oneself（反身代词）have a good time
doing sth （接ving形式接to do sth）
I enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou 喜欢周杰伦歌
We enjoyed ourselves at the party 昨晚聚会玩高兴
In my class most of the students enjoy singing English songs
班数学生喜欢唱英语歌
拓展
接ving形式作宾语动词：enjoyfinishpracticemind等
5 be sorry to do sth
be sorry to do sth意做某事感遗憾抱歉
I’m sorry to trouble you 抱歉扰
拓展
to do sth 做…感遗憾
be sorry+ about sth 某事感遗憾
for sb 某感遗憾
I’m sorry for the matter 件事感悔
I’m sorry for being late 迟感抱歉
6be stressed out 意压力紧张
stressed动词stress词尾加ed构成形容词处out做副词意彻底完全表示程度
Don’t be stressed out when you have a test 考试时压力
I am really stressed out 真压力太
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation
词组
babysit one’s sister 顾妹妹 visit one’s grandmother 奶奶
spend time with friends 朋友起度时光
visit cousins 表弟等 go to sports camp 运动野营
go to the beach 海滩 go camping 野营
go shopping 买东西 go swimming 游泳
go boating划船 go skating 溜冰
go walking散步 go climbing 登山
go dancing跳舞 go hiking 徒步远足
go sightseeing 观光 go househunting 找房子
go on a hike 徒步旅行 go bike riding 骑行车旅行
go fishing 钓鱼 do some shopping 买东西
do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 作饭
do some reading 读书 do some speaking 训练口语
do some sewing 做缝纫活 that sounds nice 极
at home 家 how aboutwhat about…样？
how long 长时间 how far 远
how often 长时间次 how muchhow many 少
get backcome back 回 rent videos租影碟
take walksgo for a walk 散步 think about 考虑
decide on decide upon 决定计划 something different 事情
a great vacation 愉快假期 I can’t wait 等
forget to do sth 忘记做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做某事
the famous movie star 著名影星
an exciting vacation 激动心假期
ask her about her plans 询问计划
ask sb about sth 某询问某事
have a good time have fun have a wonderful time enjoy oneself
玩高兴愉快
show sb sthshow sth to sb出示某物某
give me the bookgive the book to me 书
pass me the cuppass the cup to me 杯子递
sell me the housesell the house to me 房子卖
buy me a book buy a book for me 买书
make me a cakemake a cake for me 做蛋糕
二词汇精讲
1 sound
（1）sound作系动词接形容词作表语接介词like构成sound like表示听起…
The song sounds wonderful 首歌听起太精彩
That sounds like a good idea 听起意
（2）sound作名词意声音响声
At midnight he heard a strange sound 半夜里听种奇怪声音
拓展
（1）soundvoicenoise辨析：
sound指动物发出声音物体碰撞声音词范围说然声音sound
Light travels much faster than sound 光传播速度声音快
noise意噪音喧闹声常指悦耳谐嘈杂声
Don’t make any noise 吵闹
The noise wakes me up 噪音吵醒
voice般指声音说话唱歌谈笑voicesoundnoise仅指声音表示动物发出声音voice时指鸟声音外少表示动物声音
The girl has a beautiful voice 女孩嗓音美
They are talking in low voices 正声交谈
When the teacher came into the classroomour monitor spoke in a loud voiceStand up 老师走进教室时班长声喊：起立
（2）soundhearlisten辨析：
sound系动词接形容词表示听起hear物动词表示听结果listen物动词接宾语时加to表示听动作
He listened carefully but he heard nothing 仔细听什没听
Look He is listening to the music there 正里听音乐
2 send
send物动词意寄发送式分词sent接双宾语send sb sthsend sth to sb
He sent me a postcard He sent a postcard to me 寄张明信片
拓展 动词接双宾语时两种结构：
① 动词+间接宾语(sb)+ 直接宾语(sth)
② 动词+直接宾语(sth)+ 介词(forto)+ 间接宾语(sb)
接双宾语动词分两类：
① 常介词to动词：sendgiveshowbringteachtell等
give sb sth give sth to sb
show sb sth show sth to sb
② 常介词for动词：buysingmakecookget等
buy sb sth buy sth for sb
make sb sth make sth for sb
3 plan
（1）作数名词意计划方案
What are your plans 计划什？
Make a plan for study please 请制定学计划
（2）作动词意计划算现分词planning式分词planned
常plan to do sth计划干某事结构中
They are planning to go hiking this weekend
正计划周末远足事
4 forget
forget物动词意忘记remember意思相反式forgot分词forgotforgotten
I hardly forgot his name 没忘记名字
forget接动词定式构成forget to do sth结构接动名词构成forget doing sth结构二者意义区：
forget to do sth表示忘记做某事事情没做forget doing sth表示忘记做某事事情已做
Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave 离开时忘记关灯
He forgot going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old
忘记五岁时父母海
拓展
类似forget动词：
remember to do sth 记做某事
doing sth 记做某事
try to do sth 力做某事
doing sth 尝试做某事
stop to do sth 停（件事）做件事
doing sth 停止做某事
5 leave
leave动词意离开相go away瞬间动词段时间连
He left Beijing yesterday 昨天离开北京
拓展
（1）leaveleave for辨析：
leave swh意离开某leave for swh意前某某 leave swh for swh意离开某某
When is the train leaving 火车什时候离开？
Mr Smith is leaving for Paris next month 史密斯先生月前巴黎
（2）leaveforget辨析：
leave意忘记留时指某物遗忘某方常接表示点词语
forget意忘记遗忘时表示点词语连
He left his schoolbag at home 书包忘家里
He forgot his schoolbag this morning 天午忘记带书包
6 famous
famous形容词意著名名出名句中作定语表语
Yao Ming is a famous basketball player 姚明位著名篮球运动员
常见搭配：be famous asbe famous for等
拓展
be famous forbe famous as辨析：
be famous for意…著名for接著名原
be famous as意作…著名as接身份职业名词
China is famous for the Great Wall 中国长城闻名
Lu Xun is very famous as a writer 鲁迅作名作家著名
7 think about
think about动词+介词动词短语意考虑思考面接名词代词动名词作宾语
He is thinking about what I said 正考虑说话
拓展
think aboutthink ofthink overthink out辨析：
（1）think about指方面思考常搭配：
think about+sth (名词代词)
think about doing sth
think about+疑问代词副词+to do sth
She is thinking about changing her job 正考虑换工作
（2）think of意想起记起考虑认动介结构
I can’t think of his name at the moment 时想起名字
（3）think over着重仔细考虑反复考虑动副结构常搭配：
think over+名词
think+代词+over
think over+what等引导句
It’s a difficult problem I must think it over
道难题仔细思考思考
（4）think out意想出动副结构代词需放中间
At last he thought out the maths problem 想出道数学题
注意：（1）think aboutthink of均动介结构表示考虑认般互换
（2）考虑某事计划等否行时think of
（3）think of表示关心想出记想念时think about
8 something different
something different意事情形容词different作置定语修饰定代词something形容词修饰定代词常放定代词形容词作定代词置定语
There is nothing new in today’s newspaper
天报纸没什新鲜事
Do you have anything important to tell me
什重事情告诉？
He heard something interesting outside today
天外边听趣事
拓展
（1）定代词作语时相第三称单数
Something is wrong 某东西问题
（2）常见定代词：anythingnothingsomebodysomeoneanybodynobodyno one等
三句式精讲
1 How about…
how about意…样？about介词面接名词代词动名词：
how about+sbsth (接表示物名词代词)
how about+doing sth
How about sitting in the garden 花园里坐坐样？
I’m going to the park How about you 公园呢？
How about your exam last week Tom Tom周考试样？
拓展
how aboutwhat about通常互换接名词代词动名词接动词定式动词原形
2 finish doing
finish意完成结束作物动词时名词代词动名词 ：finish sthfinish doing sth
I finished my homework this morning 天午做完作业
When did you finish drawing the picture 什时候画完副画？
拓展
接ving作宾语动词：practiceenjoymindkeep等
practice doing sth 练做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事 keep doing sth 直做某事
3 spend…doingon sth
spend动词意花费(时间金钱)式spent
spend+ 时间金钱+(in) doing sth 花费时间金钱做某事
时间金钱+on sth 花费时间金钱某物
I spend two hours in reading every day 天花两时阅读
He spends 20 yuan on books every month 月花20元买书
4 decide on sth
decide动词意决定选定名词decision
decide on…意…决定决定接名词代词动名词作宾语
I decided on going to Beijing at last 决定北京
My mother decided on the red dress 妈妈决定买件红色裙子
拓展
decide法：
（1）decide sth
I can’t decide anything at the moment 现做出决定
（2）decide to do sth 决定做某事
We decide to go to Paris next month 决定月巴黎
5 ask sb about sth
ask sb about sth意询问某关某事某听某事
My father often calls me up and asks me about my study
爸爸常电话询问学情况
拓展
ask关搭配：
（1）ask sb sth 问某某事
Can I ask you some questions 问问题？
（2）ask sb to do sth某做某事否定形式ask sb not to do sth某做某事
I often ask him to help me with my housework 常帮助做家务
My mother asked me not to read in the sun 妈妈太阳书
（3）ask for sth请求某事某物相want sth
Please ask for help if you have some problems果问题请寻求帮助
（4）ask sb for sth某某物
If you don’t find the way to the school please ask a policeman for help
果找学校路请警察求助
6take sth with sb意身携带某物
You must take the food with you 必须带食物
Take an umbrella with you before going out 出门前身带伞
Unit 4 How do you get to school
词组
get to school 校 get home 家
how aboutwhat about …样？ take the subway 铁
ride a bike 骑行车 take the bus公汽车
take the train火车 take a taxi坐出租车
go in a parent’s car 坐父母车 the early bus 早班车
have a quick breakfast 迅速吃早饭
how far 远 take sb to sp 带某某处
bus stop 公汽车站 train station 火车站
subway station 铁站 bus station 客运站
want to do sth 想做某事 walk to school 步行学
in North America 北美 in other parts of the world 世界区
not all need to do sth 需做某事
number of students 学生数 the number of…数量谓语单数
a number ofmany许 number前largegreatsmall修饰谓语复数
by bikebussubwaytaxicartrain (坐……车放句尾)
depend ondepend upon ……决定
don’t worry(about sthsb) 着急（某事担心）
around the world all over the world 世界全世界
doing sth takes sb some time moneyIt takes sb some timemoney to do sth
sb spends dome timemoney (on sth)
sb spends some timemoney (in) doing sthsth costs sb some timemoney
sb pay some money for sth
花费某少时间金钱做某事某花费少金钱时间做某事
二词汇精讲
1 get to
get to 意达…接表示点副词(heretherehome等)时介词to省略
They’ll get to Beijing at six tonight 晚六点达北京
I’ll get there on time 会时达里
拓展
表示达词汇arrive in(at)reach
get toarrive inreach辨析：
注意：（1）arrive达物动词接表示点副词时arrivearrive in接表示范围较点名词(countrycity等)arrive at接点(schoolhotelstop)等
（2）reach物动词直接接宾语
He arrives at school at eight every morning 天早八点达学校
Her father arrived in Shanghai yesterday 父亲昨天达海
I’ll call you as soon as I reach New York 达纽约电话
2 other
other形容词意接数名词
I’m afraid there are other ways of solving this problem
恐怕解决问题方法
拓展
othersthe otheranotherthe others辨析：
（1）others相other+数名词复数形式代词指物相复数名词
Some people enjoy exerciseothers don’t
喜欢运动喜欢
（2）the others表示特定范围全部表示特指意余
（3）the other意两事物中表示特指通常one搭配构成one…the other…意……
Miss Gao has a book in one hand and a pen in the other
高老师手书手钢笔
（4）another通常单数名词泛指单数名词意确定数目中
Please show me another (one) 请
外another作外讲时修饰数名词复数时名词前常具体数词修饰another+数词+复数名词
We have another five friends to meet 五位朋友见
3 depend on
depend on意视…定取决名词代词句作宾语on换upon
— When shall we start 什时候动身？
— It depends on(upon)the weather 天气情况定
He depended on his uncle after his father died
父亲世叔叔
4 a number of
a number of 意许面接数名词复数形式谓语动词复数形式
number前面largegreatsmall等修饰构成a large number ofa small number of等
I have a number of letters to write 许信件写
A large number of students in our school are from the countryside
学校许学生农村
A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday
昨天班部分学生游泳
拓展the number of意…数量接数名词复数谓语动词单数形式
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English 说汉语数说英语数
5 ill
ill形容词意生病身体适通常句中作表语补语作定语
He was ill in bed yesterday 昨天生病卧床
拓展
（1）形容词ill表示邪恶恶意相bad时作定语
The little girl cried loudly when she heard the ill news
女孩听幸消息时放声哭
（2）illsick辨析：
ill作生病讲时作表语sick意生病恶心时作定语作表语
The boy doesn’t like to eat anything He can be ill
男孩愿意吃东西病
Lucy’s mother is sickill in hospital Lucy妈妈生病住院
She’ll visit her sick mother after school 放学生病妈妈
6 hundred
hundred数词意百表示具体百时基数词+hundred注意加s
There are nine hundred students in our school 学校900名学生
拓展
（1）hundreds of 表示数百成百千时hundred加s面介词of数词连
There are hundreds of people in the restaurant 餐馆里成百千
（2）表示数词thousand千million百万billion十亿法hundred样表示约数确数
7 also
also意肯定句中置be动词助动词情态动词行动词前
He can also play the piano 会弹钢琴
拓展
（1）too意思too肯定句置句末前逗号隔开
Jack is a worker too Jack工
（2）either表示时否定句置句末前逗号隔开
He can’t swim I can’t swim either 会游泳会
8 must
must情态动词意定加动词原形表示十分肯定推测
That man must be a teacher 定位老师
He must have a younger sister 定妹妹
拓展
表示推测判断时may+动词原形意许性must表示否定推测时须can’t+动词原形意…mustn’t+动词原形
I think you may be right 想许正确
He can’t forget my name 忘记名字
9 worry
（1）worry作物动词物动词
作物动词时意烦恼担忧 作物动词时意发愁担心烦恼常介词about连
What’s worrying you 什事烦恼？
Don’t worry about me 担心
（2）worry作名词作数名词作数名词
Her face showed signs of worry 脸显出担忧神情
I have a lot of worries 担心
（3）worry分词worried相形容词意担心烦恼常belookfeel等系动词连be worried about意…担心
She is worried about her sick mother 担心生病母亲
三句式精讲
1 It takes sb some time to do sth
It takes sb some time to do sth固定句型意做某事需花费某长时间take意花费it形式语真正语面定式to do sth时间提问时How long does it take
It took me half an hour to finish the work 完成项工作花半时
How long does it take you from your home to school
学校家花长时间？
拓展
表示花费spendtakecostpay辨析：
词语
语
结构
spend
(sb)
sb spends+时间金钱+ (in)doing sth on sth
take
it作形式语
It takes sb some time to do sth(真正语)
pay
(sb)
sb pays+金钱+ for sth
cost
sth(物)
sth costs sb+金钱
I spent 3 hours (in)doingon my homework yesterday
昨天花三时做作业
It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus
公汽车武汉花四时
I paid six yuan for the pen 花六元钱买支笔
My English book cost me five yuan 英语书花五元钱
2 how引导特殊疑问句
（1）how询问动作执行方式手段等意样
— How does your father go to work 父亲样班？
— On foot 步行
（2）how询问动作执行程度意样
— How do you like China 觉中国样？
— Very much 非常喜欢
（3）how询问身体健康状况
— How are your parents 父母身体样？
— Fine Thank you 谢谢
（4）第次见面问候语
How do you do
（5）how about提建议
How about going shopping this weekend 周末购物样？
（6）how much询问价格意少钱
How much is this Tshirt 件T恤少钱？
（7）how much接数名词询问数量意少…
How much water does a person need every day 天需少水？
（8）how many接数名词复数形式询问数量意少…
How many students are there in your class 班少学生？
（9）how old询问年龄
How old are you ？
（10）how 询问天气
How is the weather 天气样？
（11）how far 询问距离意远答语表示距离词语
具体数字时应away from连表示具体距离计量口语中away省 没具体数字时应farnear作答
How far is it from your school to the cinema
学校电影院远？
It’s very far 远
It is 380000 kilometres away from the earth球月球380000公里
（12）how often询问某动作行状态发生频率
How often do you watch TV 久次电视？
（13）how soon询问时间意久
How soon will she come back？ 久回？
（14）how 引导感叹句
How interesting the book is 书趣啊
3 not all …
not all…表示部分否定意……句子中出现alleverybothalways等词时not语中谓语部分里表示部分否定
Not all that glitters is gold 发光金子
Not all answers are right All answers aren’t right
答案正确
拓展
表示全部否定时none代alleveryneithernor代bothnever代always
Not all soccer players are tall 足球运动员高
None of the soccer players are tall 足球运动员高
Not both his parents are teachers 父母亲非老师
Neither of his parents is teacher 父母亲老师
Not every child likes basketball 孩子喜欢篮球
None of the children likes basketball 孩子喜欢篮球
4 a lot more…than
a lot结构中副词短语意…修饰形容词较级类似词even甚much…等修饰形容词副词较级外a little意点修饰形容词副词原级修饰较级
He eats a lot more today 天吃更
The boy is a little shorter than you 男孩矮点
5 表示…种表达方式
I介词短语表示交通方式介词短语句中作状语：
（1）by+交通工具名词表示交通方式
by bike 骑行车 by car 汽车
by bus 公汽车 by taxi 出租车
（2）by+交通路线位置表示交通方式
by water 水路 by land 陆路
by sea 海路 by air 飞机
（3）inon+冠词形容词性物代词指示代词+交通工具名词表示交通方式
中incar等交通工具前onbikehorsebustrainship等交通工具前法by+交通工具名词法相
She often goes to school on aher bikeShe often goes to school by bike
常骑行车学
They went there on a bus They went there by bus
公汽车里
（4）on foot步行on foot固定搭配表示步行中foot复数形式feet前加修饰词
She often goes to school on foot 常步行学
II动词短语表示交通方式动词短语句中作谓语：
（1）take+athe+交通工具名词表示交通方式
take a train火车 take a bus公汽车 take a ship船
take a plane飞机
注意： 骑行车翻译ride a bike
（2）某动词表示交通方式
walk to步行 drive to开车 ride to骑车马
注意：果接点副词here there home时介词to应该省略
take the busby buson a bus
Unit 5 Can you come to my party
词组
I’d love to 非常乐意 I’m sorry 起
study for a test测验学 go to the doctor 医生
visit one’s aunt 某姑姑 have a piano lesson 堂钢琴课
too much homework 太家庭作业 much too interesting 趣
Birthday Party 生日聚会 go to the mall 购物中心
soccer practice 足球练 look for 寻找
find out 找弄清楚查明 write soon 快回信
football match足球赛 culture club 文化俱乐部
try to do sth 努力（企图）做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事
try one’ best to do sth 力做某事 on Thursday night 星期四晚
be (go) on vacation 度假 next week 周
join sb 加入某起 studu for the math test 数学考试学
go to one’s guitar lesson 吉课 maybe another time 许次吧
Thanks for asking(inviting) 谢谢邀请 go to the baseball game 参加棒球赛
come to one’s party 参加某聚会 on Saturday afternoon 星期六午
play tennis with me 起网球 I have a really busy week 周忙
my cousin’s birthday party 表弟生日聚会
study for my science test 科学考试学
Please keep quiet 请保持安静 keep+形容词表示保持某种状态
keep+(sb)+doing 表示（某）停做某事
keep sth 保存某物
二词汇精讲
1 sure
sure常口语中说话较握肯定回答意然愿意相certainlyyes
— May I use your pen 钢笔？
— Sure 然
拓展
sure法：
（1）祈句Be sure+定式表达说话方提出求意务必千万
Be sure to give it back in time 务必时
（2）be sure+定式意定肯定表示说话种推测判断语物
It’s sure to rain tomorrow 明天定会雨
（3）be sure ofabout表示语相信…握接名词代词动词ing形式语必须
He is sure of success He is sure that he will succeed 信会取成功
（4）be sure+句表示肯定握句语必须
I’m sure who he is 知道谁
2 情态动词can 法
can常情态动词接动词原形否定形式can’t
（1）can表示力做够发生会意思
I can run fast 跑快
She can speak Japanese 会说日语
注意：can表示力时be able to互换be able to 更时态常表示can表示时完成时
They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months
三月操作台机器
（2）can表示允许意
Can I read your newspaper 报纸？
You can put your bike here 行车放里
（3）can疑问否定感叹句中意会
This can’t be true 真
Today is Sunday He can’t be at school 天周日学
（4）can 表示性意
Our classroom can seat 50 students 教室坐50名学生
3 have to
have to意必须表示客观情况求某必须做某事称时态变化接动词原形
She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home
天身体太家里
You don’t have to tell me this 必告诉件事
Do you have to do everything 什事做？
She doesn’t have to come this afternoon 天午必
拓展
musthave to辨析：
have to侧重客观需含迫意种时态形式否定式don’t have to意必
must侧重说话者观法认必义务做某事现时种形式(宾语句中表示)否定式mustn’t 意定允许
You must do your homework first 必须先做作业
It’s raining I have to stay at home 正雨家里
口诀：观职责说必须must赶紧环境赶紧换have to
4 join
join动词意参加加入宾语种形式：
（1）join+表示团体组织名词join意加入(某团体)成…(成员)
Yao Ming joined the NBA 姚明加入NBA
（2）join+指名词代词join意加入…中
Will you join us for lunch 起吃午饭？
（3）join+in+活动类名词join in意参加(活动)
Can you join in the game 参加游戏？
拓展
joinjoin intake part in 辨析：
（1）join指加入某派某组织某社会团体参军等成中员
（2）join in指参加某项赛活动常口语中join sb in (doing)sth意加入…(做)…
（3）take part in指参加群众性活动会议劳动游行等指参加者持积极态度起定作时join in互换
I joined the army in 1996 1996年参军
I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill
没参加昨天运动会病
May I join in the football match 参加场足球赛？
5 call
call意…电话
I called my mother just now 刚妈妈电话
拓展
（1）某电话表达方式：
callringphonetelephone sb
callringphone sb up
give sb a callring
make a telephonephone call to sb
（2）call法：
1）call意喊动词
Why didn’t you come out when I called your name
喊名字时候什出？
2）call意…取名称呼动词
Don’t call me Lucy I’m Lily we are twins
LucyLily双胞胎
3）call on sb意拜访某
He wasn’t in when I called on him yesterday
昨天拜访时候家
4）call at some place意某拜访
Let’s call at John’s house 约翰家吧
6 keep quiet
keep系动词意保持某种状态接形容词作表语
My mother keeps busy all day 妈妈整天忙
拓展
（1）keep sth意保存某物保某物
How long can I keep the book 书长时间？
（2）keep+名词 代词+ 形容词意…保持某种状态
Keep the door open please 请门开着
（3）keep sb doing sth(某)停做某事
I’m sorry for keeping you waiting for so long 起久等
7 match
（1）match数名词意赛火柴复数形式matches
Who won the football match 谁赢场足球赛？
Here is a box of matches for lighting the fire里盒火柴点火
（2）match作动词意…较量相配…相匹配
Match the words with the pictures 词语图片搭配起
Match yourself against experts in the competition
次赛中专家较量吧
8 whole & all
wholeall作形容词整完全意法
all the familythe whole family
（1）whole全部全体：
1）表示整体单数名词前限定词：限定词+whole+单数名词
the whole year
2）接复数名词：限定词+ whole+of+复数名词
the whole of students
3）whole修饰数名词物质名词说the whole water
（2）all全：
1）表示整体单数名词限定词前all+限定词+单数名词
all the year
2）接复数名词all+限定词+复数名词
all the students
3）all 种情况
all the water 水
注意：wholeall复数名词连时whole强调完整整体all强调
It snowed for fifteen whole days this January天月整整十五天雪
I’m glad that all my friends can come to my birthday party
高兴朋友参加生日聚会
9 come over to
come over to动词+副词+介词结构意便拜访…相call on drop in
They will come over to my home for dinner tonight
晚家吃饭
拓展
come over to作走走表示远处意
He came over to me and shook my hand 走握手
三句式精讲
1 发出邀请请求征求意见时常表达
（1）Would you like… 想愿意…？接名词代词动词定式提出建议发出邀请
Would you like some orange (接名词)橘汁？
Would you like to play basketball with us
(接动词定式)愿意起篮球？
（2）WillWouldCould you please… 请…？接动词原形中wouldcould 式表示语气更加婉转句提出建议请求邀请
Will Would Could you please help me sweep the floor
请帮扫？
（3）Shall we… …？shall 情态动词接动词原形句征求方意见
Shall we have a picnic together 起野餐？
（4）Let’s …意…吧let接动词原形作宾语补足语句提出建议征求方意见
Let’s go to the mountains and camp there 山里露营吧
（5）How What about…意…样？about介词接名词代词动名词句提出建议征求方意见
HowWhat about taking the subway 铁样？
2 I’d love to
I’d love toI would love to…缩写意I would like to…相均表示想…would love like 接名词动词定式掉would表示喜欢…接名词动词定式动名词
注意：I’d love like toto省略
— Would you love to go to the movies with me
愿意起电影？
— Yes I’d love to 愿意
— Can you come to my birthday party 参加生日聚会？
— Sure I’d love like to 然愿意
拓展
英语中动词动词定式省略时省略to词：expecthopewishpreferwanttry等
I haven’t been to Hong Kong but I wish to 没香港想
3 What’s today
What’s today提问星期日期意天号星期？回答时通常星期日期
— What’s today 天号星期？
— It’s Monday the sixth 天六号星期
拓展
（1）What day is it today 询问天星期？
— What day is it day 天星期？
— It’s Tuesday 周二
（2）What’s the date today 询问天月日？
— What’s the date today 天月日？
— It’s October the ninth 天10月9日
4 why not…
why not作省略句省略前文出现容why not+动词原形表示提出建议意什…
— I can’t go out tonight 晚出
— Why not 什呢？
— Why not go out for a walk Why don’t you go out for a walk
出散步呢？
5 Thanks for doing sth
Thanks for doing sth意…感谢说明感谢原接名词代词动词ing形式
Thanks for helping me Thanks for your help 谢谢帮助
拓展
thanks forthanks to辨析：
thanks for接名词动名词意…感谢thanks to意亏句中充介词成分接名词代词动名词短语相because of
Thanks to your help we finish it 亏帮助完成
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister
词组
long hair 长头发 How are you 身体？
how old 年纪 how tall 高
how long ago久前（事） more outgoing 较外
wantplan to do sth 意欲企图 here are photos of me 片
as you can see 正 in some ways 某方面
we look the same 起样 They look different 起
the same to ……样 quite the same 完全样
all the same 样应… begin with ……开始
look like 起…样look same 起
go to lots of partiesoften go to the party 常参加聚会
a little taller 高点 take sth from sth 某处取出某物
put sth in sth 某物放入某物中 make a list of 列出清单
has cool clothes 漂亮衣服 is popular in school 学校受欢迎
is good at sports 擅长体育 make me laugh 发笑
that’s not very important for me 说重 (be important for sb)
put up 举起抬起挂起张贴建造
put on 穿戴演（戏剧）
put downwrite downcopy down 写
put out 伸出扑灭 put away 收起收
put off推迟 opposite views 相反观点
put one’s heart into…全神贯注……全身心投入……
a weekend teacher 周末教师 Abacus Study Center 珠算研究中心
elementary school students 学生 be good with children 善孩子相处
have good grades 成绩出色 enjoy telling jokes 喜欢讲笑话
can’t stop talking 停止讲话 help others 帮助
help each other互相帮助 in one’s free time 业余时间
one of +复数名词（代词） …中
use sth to do sthdo sth with sth …做…
befeel sorry for sb 某事感情难受
befeel sorry for sth 某事感抱歉悔
be sorry +to seehear 听某种情况安难
say sorry to sb 某道歉 next to …旁边紧…
all together 总计总 be famous as 作……知名
be famous for …著名……广知
make sb do sth 某做某事相似法感官动词seelethearwatchfeel等
二词汇精讲
1 heavy & thin
组意义相反形容词描述体型heavy意胖笨重较级形式heavierthin意瘦较级形式thinner
He is very heavy but his brother is thin 胖哥哥瘦
拓展
heavy意重剧烈等
heavy rainsnowsmoker 雨雪浓烟
heavy smokerdrinkereater 烟瘾酒瘾食量
have a heavy cold 患重感
heavy(busy)traffic 交通拥挤
2 quiet & outgoing
quiet形容词意安静文静作定语表语反义词outgoingoutgoing意外友擅交际较级more outgoing
They walked to a quiet place 安静方走
You have a cold so you must keep quiet at home
感必须家静养
He is more outgoing than me 说会道
拓展
calmstillquietsilent辨析：
calm
镇静静
指受干扰时宁静静指时表示沉着镇定
still
动静止
指物理安静状态
quiet
安静静止
指寂静状态没吵闹骚乱指表示娴静文静
silent
沉默言
指指发出声音说话强调声状态
When we face danger we should keep calm
面危险应该保持沉着冷静
The baby kept still when she was taking photos
婴拍时动动
Be quiet everyone The teacher is coming 学安静老师
We shouldn’t keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions
老师问问题时应该保持沉默
注意：quiet意安静quite意相
3 serious
serious形容词意严肃认真严重危险较级more serious常搭配：be serious about意…认真
How serious the matter is 问题严重啊
I stopped laughing when I realized he was serious about it
意识开玩笑时笑
4 mean
mean动词法：
（1）意思指接名词动词定式that句
The red light means stop 红灯意思停止
Do you mean that I am too heavy 意思太胖？
（2）算意欲面常接定式
He means to do it well 算件事做
（3）意味着…面常接动名词作宾语
Missing the train means waiting for an hour
赶列火车意味着等时
（4）What does…mean What’s the meaning of… What do you mean by…意…什意思？
5 in some ways
in some ways意某方面某方面言
In some ways the job is difficult 某方面工作难
拓展
in the wayin this wayby the wayon theone’s way to辨析：
词组
法
in the way
挡道
by the way
便说句中作插入语逗号隔开
on theone’s way to
…路to接点
in this way
种方法(方式)
6 both
（1）代词意两者双方两
Both of the flowers are very beautiful The flowers are both very beautiful
两朵花漂亮
（2）形容词意两者双方
She wants both dictionaries 两字典想
Both the answers are wrong 两答案错
（3）副词意两者两者常行动词前be动词助动词情态动词
They can both dance 俩会跳舞
（4）both…and意…………连接两列成分连接列语时 谓语动词应该复数形式
Both you and your sister like it very much 姐姐非常喜欢
拓展
（1）both否定句时表示非两者…
I don’t like both the sweaters 两件毛衣喜欢
（2）both…and…否定形式neither…nor…意……
He can speak neither French nor English 会法语会英语
7 interest
（1）interest作名词意兴趣爱常表达：
takeshow an interest in …感兴趣
have an interest in …兴趣
lose an interest in …失兴趣
find (no)interest in 发觉…(没)兴趣
The boy takes an interest in singing 男孩唱歌感兴趣
My sister found no interest in studying 妹妹学没兴趣
（2）interest做动词意…感兴趣
He interested me in outdoor sports 户外运动产生兴趣
拓展 interestinterestinginterested辨析：
interest
名词动词
兴趣爱…感兴趣
interesting
形容词
趣令感兴趣修饰物
interested
形容词
修饰常be interested in…感兴趣
The film is interesting 部电影引入胜
The little girl is interested in books 女孩书感兴趣
8 though
（1）though作连词意然然放句开头中间均
Though it was raining we were still working
然着雨然坚持工作
（2）though作副词意然般放句末
It was impossible for him to do so much homework He finished it though
完成作业然做完
拓展
（1）thoughalthough辨析：
1）两者作连词意义相although常放句开头位置句中间
though放句开头中间均
Although they are poor they are happyThough they are poorthey are happy Poor though they are they are happy 然穷快乐
2）although作连词though作连词作副词
（2）常搭配：
as though even though
注意：althoughthoughbut连二者
9 beat
beat物动词法：
（1）意赢败战胜接某团队组织等式beat
I beat him at long jump yesterday 昨天跳远赢
（2）意击表示连续断击
Who is beating the drum 谁鼓？
（3）表示(心脏)等跳动
I feel my heart is beating fast 觉心脏剧烈跳动
拓展
beatwin赢意思法：
beat宾语相团体组织win宾语赛某项目式won
Though we were weak we beat them 然弱赢
Who win the first prize in the competition 谁赛中赢等奖？
10 and & or
（1）列举成分语否定词前and连接列举成分否定词时or构成完全否定
I can’t sing or dance 会唱歌会跳舞
Lily and Lucy can’t speak Chinese LilyLucy会说汉语
（2）否定句中果连接两部分否定词andor
There is no water and no air on the moon 月球没水空气
（3）否定句中without列举成分and连接构成完全否定肯定句中without列举成分or连接构成完全否定
Man can’t live without air and water Man will die without air or water
没水空气生存
三句式精讲
1 as you can see…
as you can see意正as关系代词意(正)…样引导状语句
As you know we are the same age 正知年龄相仿
As you say he is a bad boy 正说坏男孩
2 more than one
（1）more than one+单数名词意止…结构作语时谓语动词第三称单数形式
More than one boy knows how to play the computer games
止男孩知道样玩电脑游戏
What he said makes us happy 说话高兴
Don’t keep the door open 门开着
We made John our monitor 选约翰班长
（2）more+复数名词+than one意止…结构作语时谓语动词复数形式
More students than one do well in maths 止学生擅长数学
拓展
（1）more than意超相over
His father is more than 50 years old 父亲50岁
（2）more than意仅no more than仅仅相
She is more than a teacher She is also a sister
仅位老师姐姐
（3）more…than…意…
There are more boys than girls in my class 班男孩女孩
（4）more than反义词less than意…少…
My home is less than three miles from here 家离里三英里远
3 make sb do sth
make 处役动词接省略to动词定式make sb do sth意某做某事类似动词lethave等
The boss made them work for long time 老板长时间工作
They made us forget past 忘记
拓展
make作…讲时make+ 宾语+形容词名词(作宾补)make sbsth+adjn类似词keep等
As you know we are the same age 正知年龄相仿
As you say he is a bad boy 正说坏男孩
4 do you think…
do you think般作插入语位置较灵活放句首句中句尾句尾时常逗号隔开句首时陈述句语序
When do you think he will come Do you think when he will come When he will come do you think 认什时候回？
5 stop doing sth
stop doing sth意停止做某事
He stopped watching TV and began to read English
电视开始读英语
拓展
stop接动词定式stop to do sth意停原做事做件事
He watched TV for an hour At 8 he stopped to do his homework
时电视八点钟停(电视)做作业
Unit 6——形容词副词较级法
I 形容词副词较级构成
绝数形容词副词三等级：原级较级高级原级原形较级表示较…更…等意思较级构成规规两种
形容词副词较级规变化：
构成方法
原级
较级
单音
节词
部
分双
音节
词
音
节词
般单音节词词尾加er
tall
great
taller
greater
发音e结尾单音节词少数le结尾双音节词词尾加r
nice
large
nicer
larger
辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词双写结尾辅音字母加er
big
hot
bigger
hotter
辅音字母＋y结尾双音节词改yi加er
easy
busy
easier
busier
双音节词音节词前面加more构成较级
important
more important
规变化
goodwell
badbadlyill
muchmany
little
old
far
better
worse
more
less
olderelder
fartherfurther
II 较级句型
1 较级＋than：……较…：A ＋动词＋形容词副词较级＋than＋B两者相较AB更…
His brother is younger than I(me) 弟弟年轻
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan 北京武汉更漂亮
注意：较级前时加状语much a lot a little still even等示强调加强语气
This box is a little heavier than yours 箱子稍重
This movie is much more interesting than that one
部影片部趣
2 as as：……相 ：A+动词+as+形容词副词原级+as+B表示AB两者较程度相……相
My uncle is as tall as your father 叔叔父亲样高
My dog is as old as that one 狗狗样
3 A＋not＋as＋形容词副词原级＋as＋B 表示AB两者程度AB…
My uncle is not as tall as your father 叔叔父亲高
Tom is not as honest as John 汤姆约翰诚实
He can’t run as so fast as you 没跑快
4 较级+ and+较级more and more+原级(音节词部分双音节词)意越越…
Our city is more and more beautiful 城市越越美丽
More and more countries begin to save the financial crisis
越越国家开始拯救金融危机
5 the+较级the+较级意越…越…
The more you read the more you know 书读越知道越
III够修饰较级词
够修饰较级词：mucha littlea bita lotevena great dealstill等
My brother is much taller than me 哥哥高
IV需注意点
1 较级of the two…类词语时较级前加定冠词the
Lucy is the taller of the twins Lucy双胞胎中较高
2 果面接名词时much more+数名词many more+数名词复数
You have much more confidence 更信心
Some students are against the plan but many more support it
学反项计划更支持
3 old较级形式olderelderelder兄弟姐妹长幼关系
My elder brother is a famous artist 哥哥位名艺术家
4 far较级形式fartherfurther般farther表示距离further表示更进步
I have nothing further to say 没什说
Review of Units 16
词汇精讲
1 fewa fewlittlea little辨析
（1）修饰名词：(a)few接数名词复数形式(a)little接数名词
We had little time to do it． 没什时间做事
There’s only a little soup left． 剩点汤
He has few friends． 没朋友
I’ll only be away a few minutes． 离开分钟
（2）a没a区：littlefew含否定意义表示数量少没强调少a littlea few含肯定意义表示数量然少毕竟强调
Few people like such things 没什喜欢样东西
A few people like such things 喜欢样东西
He knows little English． 懂英语
He knows a little English． 懂点英语
（3）little表示：
Please accept this little gift 请接受件礼物
There is a little sheep on the hill 山绵羊
（4）(a)little作副词修饰形容词副词动词介词短语
He is a little tired． 点累
They are a little bit better now 现稍点
You should walk a little faster 应该走快点
She was only a little over fifty years old 五十点
2 how longhow oftenhow soon
（1）how long意长时间时间段进行提问现完成时中常见答语for+时间段since构成短语等
— How long have you known her 认识久？
— For about five years 约5年
（2）how often意久次长时间次频率进行提问常见短语usually sometimes never等频度副词once a weektwice a month等表示频度短语
— How often do you visit your mother 长时间妈妈次？
— Once a week 周次
（3）how soon意久久表示句子中某时间段进行提问答语in+时间段
— How soon will he be back 久回？
— In an hour 时
3 believe
（1）接否定宾语句时通常否定转移句
I don’t believe that he will win 相信会赢
I don’t believe she will like the idea 相信会喜欢想法
（2）简略答语中般单独believeI believe soI don’t believe so I believe not
— Do you believe he will come 认会
— No I don’t believe so I believe not 想会
— Shakespeare was born in 1564wasn’t he
莎士亚1564年出生吧
— I believe so 想
（3）较believe sbbelieve in sb：前者指相信某话(believe what one says)者指信某( trust sb)
I can believe him but I cannot believe in him
相信说话真相信
4otherthe otheranother辨析
（1）other表示泛指没特定范围作形容词作代词复数形式others常some连
He is a good boy he always helps other people
男孩总帮助
（2）the other意表示特指般两者间常句型：one…the other…意……
She has two sons one is a teacher the other is a doctor
两子老师医生
（3）another泛指三者三者意
Would you like another glass of milk？ 杯牛奶？
5 a number ofthe number of辨析
（1）a number of表示许面接数名词复数相many作语时语numberof面复数名词谓语动词应该复数形式number前面largegreatsmall等修饰增强降低数量程度little修饰：
I have a number of letters to write 许信件写
A number of students in our school are from the countryside
学校许学生农村
A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday
昨天班部分学生游泳
（2）the number of表示…数量面接数名词复数作语时语numberof面复数名词谓语动词应单数形式：
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English 说汉语数说英语数
The number of students in our school is rising year by year
学校学生数量正年年增长
6 too muchtoo manymuch too辨析
三词语区中心词修饰词三者中前词修饰词加强语气词中心词
（1）too many中心词many法many相修饰复数数名词
He’s got too many questions to ask you 问题问
They bought too many eggs yesterday 昨天买太鸡蛋
（2）too much中心词much法much相修饰数名词
We both have too much work to do 俩工作做
She spent too much money on clothes． 花太钱买衣服
外too much作名词性短语作宾语作副词性短语句中作状语修饰动词
You’ve given me too much 太
I have too much to do every day so I am very busy
天事情做忙
（3）much too中心词too法too相修饰形容词副词
You’re walking much too fast Slow down． 走太快慢点
I’m afraid that this cap is much too big for me． 顶帽子戴恐怕太
It’s much too cold outside You’d better put on your overcoat
外面太冷衣穿
7 allwhole
allwhole两者意思样法
（1）all复数名词连时意思单数名词连时整全部意思：
It’s good to see all my teachers and friends again
见老师朋友真太
Must I stay in bed all day 必须整天卧床休息
（2）whole面接单数名词般物质名词连说the whole money应该说all the money(全部钱)：
I told him the whole story 整事告诉
The whole village went out to welcome us 全村出欢迎
值注意allwhole名词短语中位置all冠词代词名词格限定词前whole冠词代词名词格限定词
8 likeas
aslike表示…词性法
（1）like介词面接名词代词程度副词muchvery muchquite等修饰moremost修饰(构成较等级)
My sister isn’t much like me 妹妹太
She wants to be a famous cook like her father when she grows up
希长父亲样名名厨师
（2）as连词接句介词短语
All the six students do as the teacher says
六学生老师说做
The work is not so easy as you imagine工作绝想象简单
as作介词时意作接表示职业职务途作类名词试较：
He works like a worker 工样干活(实际)
He works as a worker 作名工工作(职业工)
I used one of my shoes as a hammer 鞋锤子
二句式精讲
1 help sb (to)do sth
help sb (to)do sth 意帮助某做某事中to省略
Let me help you (to)carry it． 帮扛吧
He often helps me (to)do my homework 常帮助做作业
拓展
（1）help oneselfsb to sth 某取(食物等)
Please help yourself (to some fish) 请便吃(点鱼吧)
（2）can’t help doing sth 情禁做某事
I couldn’t help laughing when I heard the news
听消息禁笑起
（3）help sb with sth 某事帮助某
Can you help me with my math 帮学数学
注意：help作名词时数名词
2 show sb sth
show sb sth意某…
Sir could you show me your ID card
先生身份证
show sb sth show sth to sb
Will you show me your driving license Will you show your driving license to me 出示您驾驶证
拓展
（1）show作动词时表示带某…送某…
You’d better show her around our factory
带工厂
Let me show you to the door 送门口
（2）英语中部分物动词常双宾语根间接宾语移时介词分两类：
1）bringgiveteachtellshowpass(传递)lend(出)等类动词间接宾语移时前加介词to表示动作谁做
He gave me a book He gave a book to me 书
Mr Smith teaches us English Mr Smith teaches English to us
史密斯先生教英语
2）buysingmake(制作)get(取)cookdraw等类动词间接宾语移时前加介词for表示动作谁做
My mother bought me a nice scarf My mother bought a nice scarf for me
妈妈买条围巾
His father made him a big hamburger His father made a big hamburger for him 父亲做汉堡
3 be interested in sth
be interested in sth 意…感兴趣语应该物作定语修饰修饰物
We are interested in music 音乐感兴趣
Lily is interested in swimming 莉莉游泳感兴趣
拓展
（1）interest作名词时意兴趣趣味语物interest作物动词时面宾语意…发生兴趣引起…注意关心语物
I have no interest in math 数学没兴趣
This problem interests him greatly 问题引起极兴趣
I’ll try to interest him in the problem 努力问题感兴趣
（2）interesting意令感兴趣作表语语通常物作定语修饰修饰物
My father bought me an interesting story book yesterday
昨天爸爸买趣事书
He is a most interesting man 趣
They found the film so interesting that they saw it again
发现部电影趣遍
4常见交通方式表达形式
英语中表示交通方式形式总说外两种方式：介词动词表示
介词表示：
（1）by+表示交通工具名词泛指坐某种交通工具中名词前修饰语单数
Travelling by elephant is great fun 骑象旅行趣
类似词组：by car车by plane飞机by ship船by taxi计程车等
（2）inon+表示交通工具名词 泛指特指坐某种交通工具中名词前常冠词物代词指示代词名词格等修饰语名词单数复数
1）bustrainboatplaneship等厢舱名词前inon
We are going there inon a bus 公汽车里(泛指)
Don’t come here on in the ship 坐船里(特指)
2）bikemotorbike前介词on
They go to work on their bikes 骑行车班(特指)
She went out on her new motorbike 骑着新摩托车出(特指)
3）cartaxi前介词in
We are going to France in John’s car坐约翰车法国(特指)
（3）by+表示交通线路交通线路范围名词表示陆路水路空中等线路旅行运输 中名词单数数前修饰语
Shall we go by land or by sea 陆路水路？
It saves a lot of time to travel by air 飞机旅行节省许时间
类似词组：by water水路by road公路by rail铁路等
（4）on+表示动物特定身体部位名词表示步行骑马骆驼中名词foothorseback camelback前修饰语
She usually goes to school on foot 通常步行学
Our friends arrived on horseback 朋友骑马
动词表示：
（1）动词+to+点名词动词+点副词 种动词walk(步行)ride(骑车)drive(开车)fly(飞机)sail(船)等
I usually walk to school 通常步行学
We sometimes ride to school 时骑车学
They drove to the station 开车车站
Jack flew there last Sunday 杰克星期飞机里
We sailed across the Atlantic in five days
船五天时间横渡西洋
（2）take athe+表示交通工具名词表示坐…
Will you take a bus to go there？ 汽车？
I took a taxi to the hospital 坐计程车医院
Tom often takes the train to go to work 汤姆常坐趟火车班
类似表达：take a ship(轮船)take a plane(飞机)等
（3）ride aan+bikemotorbike表示交通工具动物名词表示骑…
I ride a bike to work every day 天天骑行车班
He came here riding a horse an elephant 骑马象里
5 spend … (in) doing sth
spend…(in) doing sth指花钱指花时间spend语必须常spend time\money on sthspend time\money (in)doing sth结构中中in省略
She spent two hours (in)writing the letter 花两时写封信
I spent 25 yuan on the book 花25元买书
拓展（1）cost指花费(金钱)cost语物事结构sth costs (sb)some money
The book cost me 25 yuan 书花25元
The coat cost my mother 200 dollars 件衣花妈妈200美元
（2）take指花费(时间)常结构It takes sb some time to do sthit作形式语真正语面动词定式take语某种活动面接宾语
It took us three days to finish the book 花三天时间完成项工作
The work will take three weeks 项工作花费三星期时间
（3）pay指花费(金钱)pay语通常sb pays some money for sth…付款结构
She paid five yuan for the dictionary 花五元钱买词典
The boss paid Tom for his work last month
月老板Tom工作付出报酬
6询问某职业
What do sb do
What’s sb
What’s one’s job
Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake
词组
make a banana smoothie 制作香蕉混合饮料(思木西)
peel the bananas 剥香蕉 cut up the bananas 切碎香蕉
pour the milk in the blender 牛奶倒入搅拌器
turn on the blender 开搅拌器电源
put the yogurt in the blender 酸奶放入搅拌器
turn off 关 turn down （灯火电器等）关点
turn up 旋（灯火等）开（煤气等）调高（声音等）
how much cinnamon 少肉桂 one teaspoon of cinnamon 茶匙肉桂
make fruit salad 制作水果沙拉 two pieces of bread 两片面包
mix it all up 混合起 turkey slices 火鸡肉片
a slice of bread片面包 slices of duck 烤鸭片
roll pancake 卷薄饼 make faces 作鬼脸
make friends with …交朋友 make a noise 吵闹
make mistakes 犯错误 make the bed 整理床铺
make one’s way to …走 make room for …腾出方
it’s easy to do sth 做某事容易 it’s hard (difficult) to do sth 做某事难
It’s necessary to do sth 做某事必 put sth in order 某东西序排列
a recipe for …烹调方法 …菜谱
takes turns doing sthtake turns to do sthdo sth in turns 轮流做某事
二词汇精讲
1 make
make物动词意制作做接双宾语make sb sthmake sth for sb意某做某物
Lucy made a beautiful card for me Lucy做张漂亮贺卡
拓展
（1）makedo辨析：
makedo实义动词含做…意二者法区：
make强调种原材料制作某种成品努力做成某事
She often makes clothes herself 常做衣服
do通常强调做某件事某项工作等涉动作容做事通称
Students do their homework every day 学生天做作业
（2）make关搭配：
make the bed铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦
make money 赚钱 make a telephone call 电话
make a visit拜访 make a decision 决心
make a mistake 犯错误 make a living谋生
make a noise制造噪音 make sure 务必
2 turn on
turn on动副短语意开反义词turn off意关闭
Please turn on the radio 请开收音机
Please turn off the light 请关灯
拓展
（1）英语中动词+副词构成短语动词宾语果代词放动词副词间果名词放间放副词turnoffonupdownover搭配均动副结构
Please turn the tap off Don’t turn it on 请水龙头关掉开
Turn on the computer Turn the computer on 开电脑
（2）turn onopen辨析：
turn on通常指开水龙头煤气电灯电视等电器开关应词turn off
open指关着封着门窗箱子盒子等开应词close
I want to watch the football match Please turn on the TV
想足球赛请电视开
Please open the door for me 请开门
（3）turn相关短语：
turn up (音量)调调高 turn down (音量)调调低
turn in 交 turn into 成翻译成
turn out 关灯制造培养结果原
turn to 转 turn over 翻转
3 cut up
cut up意切碎义词组cut into pieces
注意：cut up代词作宾语时代词应放cutup间名词做宾语时放中间放副词面
cut it(them) up ()切碎
拓展
cut意切割式分词均cut现分词cutting
常见搭配：
cut grass 割草 cut one’s finger 割伤某手指
cut hair 剪发 cut a cake 切蛋糕
相关短语：
cut away 砍掉剪 cut down (根部)砍倒
cut in ( 车辆)超车抢道插嘴 cut off 停止中断切掉
cut out 突然熄灭裁掉删
up相关短语：
give up 放弃 put up 挂起
pick up 捡起 wake up 唤醒
4 pour …into…
pour…into…意…倒进…里意义相put…into…pour …into…通常强调倾倒液体put…into…放液体放固体
He poured the milk into the cup 牛奶倒进杯子里
You must put them into the blender 放进搅拌器里
拓展（1）pour意倾倒灌浇物动词接名词代词做宾语pour接双宾语介词宾语
Please pour me a cup of tea Please pour a cup of tea for me
请倒杯茶
pour(雨)倾盆雨意思
It never rains but it pours (谚)屋漏偏遭连阴雨波未波起
（2）ininto区：
ininto表示()…里面时互换侧重点
in表示物体位置静态介词
into表示动作方动态介词常表点名词常表示动作动词comegorunrush等连
putfallthrow等动词连时二者互换
类似词ononto
I found him in the classroom 教室里找
Please help me carry the books into the classroom
请帮书搬教室里
5 put …into…
put意放放置put…into…相put…in…意…放进…里
He put that book into the box 书放进盒子里
put…into……译成…意思
Put the sentence into English please 请句子翻译成英语
拓展
put相关短语：
put away …收起放 put on 穿
put off 推迟延期 put out 熄灭 put down 放
put up 建造挂起举起 put…on… …放…
6 first
first副词意首先第次句中位置较灵活
When did you first meet him 什时候第次遇见？
拓展
（1）first作序数词意第
the first month of the year 年第月
（2）first作形容词意第流重
the first man in the country 国家领袖物
（3）first作名词意初首位
at first 起初首先 from first to last 始终
7two teaspoons of
two teaspoons of 意两茶匙…表示数量具体结构：数词+量词+of+名词中量词表示容器名词构成
a piece of bread 块面包 two glasses of water 两杯水
three boxes of books 三箱子书
注意：结构单复数形式名词决定量词决定
There is a box of books in my room 房间里箱子书
There are two pieces of bread on the plate 盘子里两块面包
拓展
数量结构中名词数名词时果数词提问疑问词how many果数量结构提问时疑问词how much
I need three cups of yogurt (划线部分提问)需三杯酸奶
How much yogurt do you need 需少酸奶？
I need three cups of yogurt (划线部分提问)需三杯酸奶
How many cups of yogurt do you need 需少杯酸奶？
8 finally
finally副词修饰动态动词位置较灵活位句中句首句尾位句中时放be动词助动词情态动词行动词前
They finally found the lost child 终找丢失孩子
He worked out the math problem finally 终解出道数学题
拓展finallyat lastin the end辨析：
finally强调列举点时引出容表示盼已久事情终实现含义侧重结果
They talked about it for hours finally they decided not to go
讨时决定
at last强调曲折达目表示期感情更强烈侧重指先序句中位置较灵活
When they found him at last he was almost dead
终找时死
in the end强调许变化困难达目时at last法样位置较灵活表示结局表示预测时in the end
He tried many different jobs and in the end he became a postman
做许工作名邮递员
9 add…to…
add…to…意…加…
The children are adding some wood to the stove
孩子正炉子里加柴火
If you add six to seven you’ll get thirteen 6加7等13
拓展
（1）add to sth意增加某事物
The bad weather only added to our difficulties
种坏天气更增加困难
（2）add up to sth意总计达
The numbers add up to 100 数目合计100
三句式精讲
1 动词原形开头祈句
课中出现Turn on the blender Peel the bananas等祈句祈句种表示请求命令建议语气句子
Speak a little more slowly (表请求)说稍微慢点
Go out at once (表命令)立刻出
Drink some water and have a good rest (表建议)喝点水休息
祈句语般第二称you通常省略谓语动词动词原形祈句否定形式Don’t+动词原形构成表示客气请求时常句首句尾加please
Be quiet please 请安静
Keep your email as short as possible 电子邮件写简短
Don’t forget to buy me some milk on your way back
回路忘买牛奶
Don’t make the same mistake 犯样错误
2 倒装句
课文中出现Here’s a recipe for a great turkey sandwichhere引导倒装句herethere样置句首时语名词完全倒装语序HereThere+谓语动词(be动词)+语
Here is the letter you are looking forward to 盼信里
Here comes the bus 公汽车
注意：语代词时完全倒装HereThere+语+谓语动词
Here you are
Here it is 里
3 how many…how much…
how manyhow much数量进行提问意少前者数名词进行提问接数名词复数形式者数名词进行提问接数名词外how much直接询问价格
— How many books are there on the desk 桌书？
— There are five 五
— How many weeks are there in a year 年少星期？
— There are fiftytwo 五十二
— How much is your schoolbag 书包少钱？
— It’s 100 yuan 百元
— How much milk is there in the bottle 瓶子里少牛奶？
— There is only a little 点
注意：how much价格提问接be动词时be动词单数形式复数形式取决be名词
— How much are the bananas 香蕉少钱？
— Two yuan a kilo 两元公斤
— How much is the dictionary 字典少钱？
— Forty yuan 四十元
4 a recipe for…
课文中a recipe for…意份…食谱中for介词for法较现总结：
（1）表示目功
Are you learning English for pleasure or for your work
学英语娱乐工作？
It is a machine for slicing bread 台切面包片机器
（2）表示目目标原
Is this the train for London 开伦敦火车？
（3）表示助益某物
What can I do for you 做点什？
（4）表示作某事物代价报酬惩罚
I bought a book for three dollars 花三美元买书
（5）表示某物言
It’s quite warm for January 月份说天气相暖
（6）表示段时间
I am going away for a few days 离开天
（7）表示某事物发生场合时机
I am meeting him for the first time today 天初次见面
5 Let’s …
let’s let us 意
（1）let加带to动词定式let sb do sth 某做某事
Let him go and help that old man 帮帮位老吧
（2）let us 缩写let’slet’slet us 构成祈句意义完全相
1）let’s…意…表示方提建议包括说话方方反义疑问句形式
shall we
Let’s go fishing shall we 钓鱼？(包括说话方听者)
2）let us…意…包括听者具请求允许意味反义疑问句形式will you
Let us go will you ？(指说话方包括听者)
Unit 8 How was your school trip
词组
talk about 谈 talk over 谈
give a talk 作报告 have a talk towith sb 某谈话
go to the beach 海滩 have ice cream 吃冰淇淋
go to the zoo 动物园 go to the aquarium 水族馆
hang out with one’s friends 朋友闲逛 buy a souvenir 买纪念品
take photostake a phototake picturestake a picture 相
have pizza 吃萨饼 a famous actor 著名演员
get one’s autograph 某亲笔签名
win a prize 赢奖品（奖项） at the aquarium 水族馆
have a great time 玩高兴愉快 on the school trip 学校旅游
Blue Water Aquarium 蓝色水族馆 the Visitors’ Center游客中心
a dolphin show 海豚表演 after that
at the end of……结束时候…头
the Gift Shop 礼品店 at the beginning of… …开始时候
a terrible school trip 糟糕学校旅行 make up a story 编事
that sounds interesting 听起趣
go for a drive 开车兜风 in the rain 雨中
in the dark 黑暗中 in the sun 阳光
in the snow 雪中 have fun doing sth 快乐做某事
take notes ofwrite downcopy down 写记
play computer games 电脑游戏 for sale 供销售
see you soon 盼快见 in the future
in one’s opinion 某某观点
win the first prize 获等奖 a busy day off 繁忙假日
a famous basketball player 著名篮球运动员
can’t help doing sth 忍住做某事 the story goes that… 说…
in one’s off hours 某休息时间 the off season 淡季
none of… …中没 a heavy rain 阵雨
a light rain阵雨 a fine rain 阵细雨
all dayall day long 整天 all nightall night long 整夜
二词汇精讲
1 hang out
hang out动副结构意闲逛 hang out with …闲逛
I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos
朋友起闲逛拍许片
拓展
hang abouthang around 闲逛徘徊逗留
hang up 挂断（电话） hang on 挂断
注意：hang意逗留悬挂时式分词hung
hang吊死绞死意思hang意吊死绞死时式分词hanged
2 else
else意外较级常whowhosewhat等疑问代词whenwhere等疑问副词放someanynobodythingwhere等构成词
Would you like something else to drink 想喝点什？
What else do you want to say 想说点什？
I’m going to take you swh else 带处
拓展
other作形容词意修饰名词
作代词常one…the other结构中表示…
Do you have got any other questions 什问题？
3 win
win动词意赢败战胜现分词双写n式分词均won
He won a prize last week 周奖
They won the basketball match yesterday 昨天赢场篮球赛
拓展
winbeat辨析：
（1）win强调赢赛游戏战争获名次奖品
win a prize 奖 win a game 赢赛
win a honor 赢荣誉 win a battle 赢战斗
win a match 赢赛 win a scholarship 赢奖学金
（2）beat强调败战胜接赛竞争手beat接表示词语作宾语
beat a team 战胜败队（组）
beat a nation 战胜败国家
beat an opponent 战胜败手
4 on the school trip
on the school trip意学校旅行中on表示进行事…中强调状态
on show 展览 on business 出差
on vacation 度假 on duty 值日
拓展
on法：
（1）作副词表示继续活动进展
He can work on without a break 直工作休息
（2）作副词表示穿戴（衣服鞋帽等）
Put your coat on 穿衣
（3）作副词指（电器电源）接通中
The TV is always on in their house 家电视老开着
（4）作副词指（演出节目戏剧等）进行中
What’s on at the cinema tonight 晚电影院放映什？
（5）作介词意…（接触）
Leave the glasses on the table 杯子放桌子吧
（6）作介词意身带
Have you got any money on you 身带钱没？
（7）作介词表示事情发生时间具体某天前面
on a cold Sunday morning 寒冷周日午
on May 12th 5月12日
（8）作介词意关谈含学术性
an essay on political economy 篇政治济学方面文章
5 show
n 1）表演节目
The most successful shows in the theatre are often musicals
剧院里座节目歌舞剧
2）展览
a flower show 花卉展览 on show 展览中
vt 展示出示…某
You must show your ticket at the barrier 必须检票处出示门票
搭配： show sb sth show sthto sb 某物某
Could you show me your photos Could you show your photos to me
片？
show sb around some place 带领某参观某
Could you show us around Beijing when you are free
空时带领参观北京？
6 at the end of
at the end of意…末端…头表示时间表示点
at the end of January 1月底（表示时间）
at the end of the street 街道末端（表示点）
拓展
（1）by the end of意…末止接时间时完成时
We’re going to finish it by the end of this week
周末完成项工作
（2）in the end意终相at lastfinally接of短语
Our team beat theirs in the end 队战胜队
7 next day off
next day off表示休息日next day off 表示具体某天前面介词on短语中off表示工作班名词day off表示病节假日）休息工作学
I have three days off next week 周三天假期
拓展
（1）off作（离）开（走）开…关掉讲
I must be off 该走
He took off his coat 脱掉衣
The gas is off 煤气关
（2）off动词搭配表示含义：
take off 脱起飞 fall off… …掉
turn off 关 break off 终止
pay off 付清 get off 车
8 sleep late
sleep late动副结构意睡头起晚sleep式slept
I slept late this morning so I was late for school
天早睡头迟
拓展
（1）sleep作名词意睡眠
How many hours’ sleep do you need 需少时睡眠？
fall into a deep sleep 酣然入睡 go to sleep 入睡睡着
（2）sleepingadj 意睡着熟睡通常作定语
There is a sleeping baby in the bed 床睡着婴
（3）sleepy adj 意困倦通常作定语表语
I feel sleepy after a long walk 长时间散步感觉困倦
9 boring & bored
boring形容词意令厌烦般说明事物特征
The story is boring 事令厌烦
bored形容词意感厌烦般说明感受
I’m bored with the book 书厌烦
拓展
英语中带ing形容词形容事物指某事物性质特征意令……常事物作语作定语修饰物带ed形容意感……语类似词：
exciting 令兴奋 excited （）感兴奋
interesting 令感兴趣 interested （）感兴趣
moving 令感动 moved （）感动
tiring 令厌倦 tired （）感疲倦累厌烦
surprising 令惊讶 surprised （）感惊讶
10 no one
no one nobody意没单独作语谓语动词单数形式接of…结构回答who含anyoneanybody问句
— Who is in the room 谁房间里？
— No one 没
Nobody will make friends with him 没愿意交朋友
拓展
（1）none意没做代词形容词副词表示全部否定指物常of连接数名词时谓语动词单复数形式均接数名词时谓语动词单数形式常回答how manymuch问句作代词表示三者三者否定反义词all
— How many students are there in the classroom 教室里少学生？
— None 没
None of us likes her 中没喜欢
（2）nothing意没什没东西指物常回答What’s in…
— What’s in the box 箱子里什？
— Nothing 什没
11put…out
意…出摆出
The teacher told the boy to put his left hand out
老师男孩伸出左手
put out意熄灭关掉
the fire was put out soon 火快熄灭
12go for a drive
意开车兜风处drive名词意驾驶驱车旅行for做介词表示目
Let’s go for a drive in the country 开车乡村兜风吧
拓展
go for常接名词表示某处活动
go for a walk 散步 go for a swim 游泳
go for a skate 滑冰
三句式精讲
1 have fun doing sth
have fun意玩高兴趣相have a good timeenjoy oneself接doing sthwith sth中fun数名词意娱乐乐趣muchlots ofa lot of等修饰
We had fun talking and playing with him起聊天玩高兴
He has fun with computer games 玩电脑游戏开心
2 Did you do…
Did you do…般时般疑问句中do代表实义动词谓语动词实义动词时般时般疑问句助助动词did否定句didn’t
— Did your father watch the football match last night
爸爸昨晚场足球赛？
— No he didn’t 没
3 Were there…
句There be句型般时般疑问句There be句型两种形式式：
There were + 复数名词
There was + 单数名词数名词
There be句型谓语动词数原果两名词作语waswere离名词决定名词单数was名词复数were
There was a pencil and two pens in my pencil case last week
星期文具盒里支铅笔两支钢笔
4 Sounds like…
课文中Sounds like…省略语句子完整形式：ThatIt sounds like…sound like意听起…中like介词接名词名词短语作宾语
That sounds like a good idea 听起意
拓展
sound意听起作系动词接形容词名词作表语
I like gentle music It sounds relaxing
喜欢轻柔音乐听起放松
5 …think + 句
… think加句宾语句意…认…
I think he is a good boy 认孩子
拓展
（1）think接宾语句含not否定句时该否定应移句否定句谓语动词
I don’t think it will rain tomorrow 认明天会雨
I don’t think you are right 认
（2）…think常it作形式宾语… think it(形式宾语) + adj + for sb + 动词定式意某认…
Do you think it useful for us to read more books
认读书？
Unit 9 When was he born
词组
pingpong player 乒乓球运动员 too… to… 太……
a great Chinese pingpong player 中国杰出乒乓球运动员
start hiccupping 开始嗝 write music 谱写曲子
a movie star 电影明星 learn to ride a bicycle 学会骑行车
start learning 开始学英语 begin playing sports 开始进行体育运动
a loving grandfather 慈爱祖父 a famous violinist 著名提琴手
spend all one’s free time with sb 某起度业余时间
ice skating 滑冰 a kind and loving grandmother 蔼慈爱祖母
a skating champion 滑冰冠军 a small boy(girl) 孩提时期
the famous Chinese pianist 中国著名钢琴演奏家
at the age of……年龄时 take part in 参加加入
begin to learn the accordion 开始学手风琴
major in 修专修 because of
start for a placeleave for a place 动身…
二词汇精讲
1 be born
be born意出生born动词bear分词be构成系表结构be born常般时般时中
When was he born 什时候出生？
Another baby will be born next month 婴月出生
拓展
（1）be born 接时间状语时表示出生月份年份介词in
Were you born in January 出生月份？
（2）表达出生具体某天具体某天午午晚介词on
Michael Jordan was born on February 17th 1963
迈克尔•乔丹出生1963年2月17日
（3）表示出生某具体时刻介词at
I was born at half past six in the morning 出生早6：30
（4）be born 接点状语介词点（）变化点介词in点介词at
Harry was born in London Harry出生伦敦
Was Tom born at home or at hospital Tom家里医院出生？
2 start
start意开始出发启程
We started at six 6点出发
It started raining 天开始雨
拓展
（1）意开始时startbegin互换
We will beginstart our lessons 开始课
（2）种情况startbegin
1）表示创办开设时
He started a new shop last year 年开家新店
2）表示机器开动时
Can you start the car 发动辆车？
3）表示出发动身时
We must start early 必须早点出发
3 become
become常作系动词意变变成直接接形容词名词作表语般接定式
He became a computer engineer when he grew up
长名电脑工程师
拓展
becomegetturngrowgo作系动词时辨析：
（1）become中性词意义坏两方面变化指身份职位等变化强调变化程已完成接名词形容词
He becomes a teacher 成名老师(现已位老师)
Her mother became angry when she heard the news
妈妈听消息时非常生气
（2）get口语表示种变化程强调渐渐变常接形容词较级形式
It’s getting darker and darker outside 户外天色越越暗
In winter the days get shorter 冬季白天变较短
（3）turn指颜色性质等方面前完全强调变化结果
Leaves turned brown in the mountains 山里树叶已变成棕色
The milk has turned bad 牛奶变质
（4）go形容词前谈变化尤非正式文体中go表示颜色性质变化法常见
Leaves goturn brown in autumn
秋天树叶变红（说：Leaves get brown…）
Suddenly everything went black and I lost consciousness
突然眼前片黑失知觉
go blue with coldred with embarrassmentgreen with envy
脸冻发紫／难堪脸发红／嫉妒脸色发青
Horses go lame 马腿瘸
Machines go wrong 机器出毛病
Meat Fish Vegetables go bad 肉鱼蔬菜变质
（5）grow表示逐渐变成新状态含义
My younger brother is growing tall 弟弟渐渐长高
4 wellknown
wellknown形容词意著名相famous
The Yangze River is one of the most wellknownfamous rivers in the world
长江世界著名河流
He is a wellknown actor 著名演员
拓展
（1）be wellknown for意…著名中for表示原相be famous for
Hangzhou is wellknown for the West Lake 杭州西湖闻名
（2）be wellknown as意作…闻名称作…常接表示身份词
Her mother is wellknown as a model teacher妈妈位名模范教师
5 take part in
take part in意参加…参…常参加讨游行赛战斗庆祝等群众性活动
Did you take part in the sports meeting 参加运动会？
拓展
joinjoin intake part in辨析：
（1）join物动词常指加入某派团体组织等成中员join sb表示加入某（群）中
Would you like to join us 想加入中？
He joined the football club at the age of seven
七岁时加入足球俱乐部
（2）join intake part in法时相指参加某项活动
He joined in the game He took part in the game 参加赛
join sb in + 活动意加入某某活动加入某干某事in接名词ving形式
She joined us in the game 加入赛中
My mother joined me in sending you our best wishes
母亲起表示美祝愿
6 alive
alive形容词意活着世反义词dead
Is the dog alive or dead 条狗活死？
alive意活力生气
Although he is old he is still alive 然年老十分活跃
拓展 alivelivinglivelively辨析：
单词
词义
法
实例
alive
活着
世
①表语
②定语（置）
the great man alive
伟物
He may be alive活着
living
活着
①定语（前置置）
②表语
③指指物
living things 生物
No man living can do better than him 世没做更
Is he still living 健？
live
活
生命
作定语修饰物
a live fish 条活鱼
lively
活泼生动气
①定语
②表语
She is a lively girl 活泼女孩
The story is very lively
事非常生动
7 or
or连词意…者…表示选择
Which is stronger a lion or a tiger 强狮子老虎？
or意否定句中连接
He has no sisters or brothers 没兄弟姐妹
She doesn’t like orange or milk 喜欢橙汁牛奶
or否然意思
Hurry up or you’ll be late 快点否会迟
Put on your coat or you’ll catch a cold 衣穿然会感
拓展
either…or…意……者…者…连接两等成分
Either he or you are on duty today 天值日值日
注意：either…or…连接两语时谓语紧谓语语应原
8 because of
because of介词短语意…名词代词动名词
The football match was put off because of the rain
雨足球赛延期
拓展
becausebecause of辨析：
because作连词句子句直接原
Because he is ill he isn’t here today 病天里
because of介词短语面接句接名词代词动名词
两者时互换
Because he is ill he isn’t here today Because of his illness he isn’t here today
三句式精讲
1 too…to…
（1）too…to句型形式肯定表达否定意义意太……too接形容词副词原级to接动词定式
He is too young to go to school 太学
（2）too…to…表否定意义时so…that…not enough to互换
1）too…to…结构so…that结构互换
too…to…结构简单句so…that复合句so接形容词副词that接句转换时that句否定形式
The man is too old to go to work The man is so old that he can’t go to work 岁数太工作
2）too…to…结构not…enough to…结构互换enough前形容词副词必须too形容词副词意义相反
The box is too heavy for him to lift The box is not light enough for him to lift盒子太重动
（3）too…to…句型三种情况表达肯定意义
1）too前notnevernothing等表示否定意义词时too…to…表示否定意义
One is never too old to learn 活老学老
2）果too…to…结构前出现only加强肯定语气否定意义only too相veryvery much
I shall be only too pleased to go home 非常高兴回家
3）toosadhappygladpleased等表示情感形容词表示肯定意义
He is too sad to hear the story 听事感太伤心
2 learn to do sth
learn to do sth意学会做某事learn表示模仿实践学程尤指会会
He learned to swim when he was five years old
五岁时候学会游泳
拓展
（1）learn sth by heart意背诵某东西
You need to learn this poem by heart 需背诵首诗
（2）learn from…意…学…获知识
It is necessary for us to learn from each other 必相互学
（3）learn ofabout sth 意获悉…知…认识…
I’m sorry to learn ofabout your illness 知生病难
（4）study意学侧重研究钻研
He is studying the math problem 正研究道数学题
3 see sb do sth
see sb do sth 意见某做某事表示见动作全程惯性do省定式符号to动词原形里做宾语补足语
I saw her dance on the stage 见舞台跳舞
I often see him walk in the park 常见公园里散步
拓展
（1）see sb doing sth 意见某正做某事表示动作正进行
I saw him walking in the street 见街散步
（2）see法类似带to定式做宾语补足语动词感官动词役动词词总结感（feel）二听（hearlisten to）三（lethavemake）四（seewatchnoticeobservelook at）半帮助（help）
She can hear someone laughing in the room 听见屋子里笑
She heard the singer sing on the stage 听见位歌手舞台演唱
4 the first… to do sth
the first…to do sth意第干…动词定式作定语修饰前面名词代词中the first序数词：the secondthe third等代
He is the first boy to get to school every day
天第学校男孩
拓展
英语中限定词（onlylastnext等）序数词（firstsecond…）形容词高级修饰名词常定式
Jim is the only student to answer the question correctly in his class
Jim班唯正确回答问题学生
5 when引导时间状语句
when引导时间状语句时表示…时候 when指时间段指时间点 句中延续性动词非延续性动词 动作句动作时发生句动作前发生
I’ll call you when I get there 里电话
When I came home my wife was cooking dinner
回家时 妻子做晚饭
果when引导时间状语句语句语相句谓语be动词时 句中语be省略 when引导时间状语句语句语相时when＋doing形式代该状语句
When (you are) in trouble ask her for help
遭遇麻烦时候求助
When I came into the room(When coming into the room) I found him lying there asleep 进入房间时候 发现躺睡着
Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player
词组
grow up 长成长 computer science 计算机科学
be going to do 表示观算准备信心做某事
computer programmer 电脑程序设计 baseball player 棒球运动员
take acting lessons 演技课 practice basketball 练篮球
professional basketball player 职业篮球运动员
move swhmove to swh 搬（具体）某方
sound like 听起… parttime 兼职
fulltime 全职全日制 my dream job 梦想工作
a year or two one or two years两年
an hour or twoone or two hours 两时
a day or twoone or two days两天
what I want to do 想做事情 somewhere interesting 趣方
a reporter for fashion magazine 时装杂志记者
save some money 积蓄钱攒钱 at the same time 时
hold art exhibition 举办美术展览 all over the world 全世界世界
somewhere quiet and beautiful 安静美丽方
send sth to sb 某物发送某 I’m not sure yet 没定
the Olympic Gamesthe Olympics 奥运会
New Year’s resolutions 新年决心 play an instrument 弹种乐器
get a parttime job 找份兼职工作 make the soccer team 组建足球队
get good grades 获成绩 eat healthier food 吃健康食物
get lots of exercise 进行体育锻炼 take guitar lessons 吉课
I really love music 酷爱音乐 sounds interesting 听起意思
communicate with sb 某交流 keep fit 保持身体健康
a foreign language teacher 份外语教师工作
work harder in school 学校里更努力学 the exchange students 留学生
make one’s resolution 表决心 after high schoolleave school 中学毕业
international magazines 国际杂志社 have a welcome party 召开欢迎会
二词汇精讲
1 practice
practice作动词时般名词代词动名词等形式作宾语
He practices speaking English every day 天练讲英语
拓展
接动名词作宾语动词：
完成实践值忙（finishpracticebe worthbe busy）
继续惯放弃（keep onbe used togive up）
考虑建议禁想（considersuggestcan’t helpfeel like）
喜欢思念介意（enjoymissmind）
2 move
move法较现总结：
（1）move作物动词意移动搬动改变位置（姿势）
He moved the sofa to the left 沙发移左边
（2）move作物动词意感动鼓动激动
The speech moved them to tears 场演说感动落泪
（3）move作物动词意离开动身迁移搬家
He moved his family to a smaller house 家搬较房子里
注意：
搬某常move to+点副词作点状语时时省略掉to
拓展
move house 搬家 move to 搬
move in 搬进迁进 move on 继续前进
3 swh interesting
（1）swh副词意某处某处常肯定句中否定句疑问句中anywhere
I think he must live swh 觉肯定住某方
He can’t find his English book anywhere 处找英语书
（2）swh interesting中interesting作置定语修饰定副词swhsome any no every body thingwhere等构成复合定代词定副词时修饰词常置
I want to move swh else 想搬方
He has something important to say 重话说
拓展
常复合定代词：somebodysomeonesomethinganybodyanyoneanythingnobodynothingeveryoneeverybodyeverything等定代词两种法：作语时相单数第三称形容词修饰形容词常作置定语
Everyone is here 里
I’ll buy you something new 买新东西
口诀：
定代词美名扬修饰成分边藏单数动词作谓语时样
4 find
find意发现找根情况接种形式复合结构(：名词复合结构形容词复合结构现分词复合结构分词复合结构定式复合结构等)
You will find it a very difficult book 会发现难书
He found her alone in the room 发现屋里
We find the story (to be) very interesting 发现事趣
We found the girl crying at the gate 发现女孩门口哭
He found the city much changed 发现城市发生巨变化
拓展
findfind outlook for辨析：
组词均寻找找含义find强调找结果表示找find out强调仔细调查分析表示弄清楚弄明白look for强调找动作表示寻找
Tim is looking for his little dog Tim正找狗
I want to find out what time the train leaves 想弄清楚火车点钟出发
I found the dog there 发现狗里
5 hold
hold 动词意举行举办召开常have换式分词均held
hold a meeting 举行会议 hold a concert 举行音乐会
hold a sports meeting 举行运动会
拓展hold含义：
hold
保持维持
How long will this fine weather hold
样天气维持久？
抓住握住住
He held the thief by the arm
抓住偷胳膊
容纳包含
Our classroom can hold more than fifty students
教室容纳50学生
支撑…重量
The chair can’t hold your weight
椅子承受重量
短语
catch hold of 抓住
hold on （电话）挂断稍等
6 yet
（1）yet作副词意时尚未否定句中通常句末
We haven’t heard from him yet 没收信
I’m not yet sure if we could win 没握确定否赢
（2）作副词意已疑问句中
Is everything ready yet 切准备绪？
Has the ship left yet 轮船已离开？
（3）作副词意然肯定句中
He’s yet a child 孩子
（4）作连词意然
You can draw a horse in five minutesyet you kept me waiting for a yearwhy五分钟画匹马然等年什？
He trained hard all year yet she didn’t win a prize in the competition
全年艰苦训练然竞赛中没获奖
拓展
yetalreadystill辨析：
yet疑问句否定句时放句末
Have you finished yet 完成？
He hasn’t done it yet 没干完呢
already常肯定陈述句中般位助动词实义动词前
The train has already left 火车已开走
still意然表示某事正进行中种句式般位句子中间
Her grandmother is still living 祖母然健
7 get
get法较现总结：
（1）get意变成成系动词
get sick 生病 get angry 发怒
（2）get意达常介词to搭配
get to school 达学校
（3）get意获买
get good grades 取成绩 get a job 获份工作
（4）get收意思
get a letter form sb receive a letter from sbhear from sb 收…信
（5）get表示（）
Get the book from my desk 请桌书
8 over
over课中介词意…超相more than反义词less than（少）
The Smiths have lived here for over ten years
Smith家住里十年
She is less than thirty 三十岁
拓展
over法：
over
词性
含义
实例
adv
结束完结
When we arrived the meeting was over
达时会议已结束
prep
…方（接触）
The sky was a clear blue over our heads
头顶蔚蓝天空
遍（处部分）
Snow fell (all) over the country last year
年全国雪
横越…边边
There is a bridge over the river
河面座桥
通（某物）传送
We heard it over the radio
通线电广播听说件事
三句式精讲
1 do what I want to do
what I want to dowhat引导句作第do宾语具疑问概念般翻译…东西（事情）
I want to take back what I said 想收回说话
拓展
what引导宾语句两种含义：表示疑问意什二表示…
She wants to do what she wants to do 想做想做事情
I don’t know what they are doing 知道正做什
2 …to keep fit
keep fit keep healthy意保持健康
I practice yoga to keep fit 练瑜伽保持健康
拓展
keep法结：
（1）keep sb sth + adj意某物处某种状态
Please keep the door open 请开着门
（2）keep sb sth doing意（物）直做…
Please keep him waiting for me 请直等着
（3）keep意遵守
Everyone must keep the law 必须遵守法律
（4）keep sth (for sb)某留某物
Could you keep my place in the queue
排队里位置留着？
（5）keep 意开设营
He plans to keep a pub when he retires 算退休开酒馆
（6）keep 意饲养
He keeps bees in his house 家养蜜蜂
（7）keep意保守
Can you keep a secret 保守秘密？
（8）keep sbsth away(from sbsth) 意某物某物
Police warned standersby to keep away from the blazing building
警察告诫围观者燃烧着建筑物
（9）keep up with sb catch up with sb 赶某
If you study hard you’ll keep up with your classmates
果努力学会赶学
3 …want to be an artist
artist意画家动词art加ist构成
拓展 表示职业身份名词结：
（1）ist结尾：
pianist 钢琴家 chemist 化学家 violinist 提琴家
physicist 物理学家 scientist 科学家
（2）error结尾：
teacher 教师 painter 画家 writer 作家 actor 演员
singer 歌唱家 visitor 参观者 engineer 工程师
inventor 发明家 professor 教授 reporter 记者
（3）man结尾：
postman 邮递员 policeman 警察 businessman 商
spaceman 宇航员 fisherman 渔夫 dustman 清洁工
（4）ian结尾：
musician 音乐家 politician 政治家
4 be sure…
be sure意确定握be not sure意确定没握
If you are not sure how to do it ask me 果确定样做问吧
that句 意相信确信
be sure+ of 意定会获赢某物接名词ving
to do sth 定做某事肯定做某事
We are sure that he is honest 相信诚实
You are sure of a warm welcome 定会受热烈欢迎
It’s sure to rain tomorrow 明天定会雨
5 a city that I could enjoy
that I could enjoy作city定语定语句作定语句子引导定语句关系词：thatwhowhenwhywhere等
（1）连接词that指指物
The man that you met is my teacher 遇老师
She is the singer that I saw last week 周遇歌唱家
（2）关系代词who（指）whom（who宾格形式）whosewhich（指物）
The room whose window is broken is our classroom
窗户坏房间教室
He is the man who knows the answer 知道答案
（3）关系副词when（指时间）why（表原）where（表点）
That is the place where I was born 出生方
Can you tell me the time when you were born
告诉出生时间？
Unit 10 ——be going to结构
be going to 法点拨
be going to + 动词原形般时中常见种形式 法：
A 表示说话算准备某时做某件事情般预先考虑已做准备表示时间状语连：tomorrownext weekin two days等
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon
天午算开班会
What is Lily going to do this summer holiday暑假Lily准备做什？
B 表示观判断客观发生事根目前迹象预测发生事
Look at the black clouds It’s going to rain 乌云快雨
Don’t go out It is going to rain 出雨
C there be句型be going to 结构连
There is going to be a football match on TV this evening
晚电视场足球赛
Is there going to be a class meeting this Friday afternoon
周五班会？
二be going to 肯定句中形式
be going to 结构中助动词be少原形be语称数变化变化般三种形式：am isaregoing to固定变：语 I 时am语第三称单数时is语称时are
I am going to buy something tomorrow morning明天早买东西
She is going to see Mr Wang this afternoon
算天午王先生
三含be going to 句子变否定句般疑问句变法
句子中助动词bebe going to否定句般疑问句构成容易be (amisare) 面加not 构成否定句be (amisare) 放句首句末加问号构成般疑问句答语：Yes 语+ amisare No 语+ isn’taren’t No I’m not I am改般疑问句时常常改Are you
They are going to see the car factory next week (肯定句)
They are not going to see the car factory next week (否定句)
— Are they going to see the car factory next week
— Yes they are (No they aren't) (般疑问句回答)
四be going to 应注意两点
1 There be 句型be going to 结构：There is are going to be (注意句型中going to 面be改have) 常表示某事发生
There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school
周六学校场足球赛
2 comegoleavearrive等表示位置移动动词常现进行时表示发生动作少be going to 结构连
Miss Sun is coming tonight 晚孙姐
They are going to the park next Friday 星期五算公园
3 be going to +动词原形结构表示时间状语否连意思差果明确时间状语表示该动作状态发生性较反表示种推测表示未发生事情
There is going to be a film in our school this evening
晚学校场电影（定会发生）
Hurry up We are going to be late
快点迟（仅表示种推测）
五be going to will 点区
1 be going to 表示期眼发生事情will 表示时间较远
He is going to write a letter tonight 晚写封信
He will write a book one day 某天会写书
2 be going to表示根观判断肯定发生事情will表示客观势必发生事情
He is seriously ill He is going to die 病厉害快死
He will be twenty years old 20岁
3 be going to 含计划准备意思 will 没意思
She is going to lend us her book 算书
He will be here in half an hour 时会达里
4 条件句句中般 be going to will
If any beast comes at you I’ll stay with you and help you
果野兽扑会起帮助
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room
词组
Could you please… ……？请干……？
do the dishes 洗餐具 sweep the floor 清扫板
take out the trash 倒垃圾 make one’s bed 铺床
fold one’s clothes叠衣服 clean the living room 清扫客厅
stay out late 晚 his father’s reason 父亲理
get a ride搭车 use one’s computer 某电脑
hate sthto do sth 讨厌某事做某事 do some cooking 做饭
do the laundrydo some washingwash clothes洗衣服
wash the car 刷车 work on 事忙
work at 学致力……工夫 come over
borrow some money 钱 invite sb to do sth 邀请某做某事
go to the store 商店 agree sb to do sth 意某做某事
agree with sb agree with what one says 意某意见
borrow sth from sb 某某物(入)
lend sb sthlend sth to sb 某某物(出)
ask for 求求见 take care oflook after 顾料
take good care oflook after…well 顾顾
need some help 需帮助 get angry 生气
have a test 考试 make a clean sweep of 彻底扫
二词汇精讲
1 make
单元中出现make the bed短语make the bedmake one’s bed意整理
We should make the bed by ourselves 应该整理床铺
拓展
含make 短语结：
make a mistakemistakes 弄错犯错误 make a telephone 电话
make a living 谋生维持生活 make a facefaces 做鬼脸
make a noisenoises 嘈杂制造噪音 make sure 查明确信
make friends with sb 某交朋友 make fun of 取笑
make sb angry 某生气 make a meal 做饭
make a deal 作成交易 make a fool of 捉弄出洋相
make a name for himself 成名 make a note of 注意记
make free with 擅 make it 成功达某处
make…into …作成变成 make one’s way to 前某处
make room 腾出方 make up 编造
make use of 利
2 clothes
clothes通常作复数形式统指衣服该词manythesesome连
He has many clothes 许衣服
单元中fold your clothes意叠衣服
拓展
clothclothing辨析：
（1）cloth通常指种衣服布衣料
I need a lot of cloth if I’m going to make a new dress
果做新衣服话需衣料
（2）clothing服装总称泛指服装特指某类衣服范围clothes广
We need warm clothing for the winter 需暖衣服冬
3 clean
clean动词意擦干净…弄干净作物动词作物动词
They cleaned up after the picnic 野餐扫干净
Don’t forget to clean the blackboard 忘记擦黑板
拓展
cleanclear辨析：
(1) clean作动词指弄干净清洁
clean the classroom 扫教室
clean作形容词指干净没尘埃脏东西
clean water 洁净水
(2) clear作动词指整理收拾掉东西
clear the table after dinner 饭清理桌面
clear作形容词指清楚清澈透明
clear water of the lake 清澈见底湖水
4 work on
work on意事忙（某工作）相be busy withon介词面接名词代词作宾语
My father is working on a new novel 爸爸写部新说
拓展
（1）work on 继续工作意时on副词接宾语
We worked on till midnight 直工作半夜
（2）work at意学写作…方面工夫
He is working hard at maths 正数学方面工夫
（3）work out意制订解答出（难题）想出（办法）
The maths problem is very difficult can you work it out
道数学题难解答出？
5 borrow
borrow动词意入
May I borrow your bike 行车？
You can borrow the book from the library 图书馆书
拓展
borrowlendkeepuse辨析：
（1）borrow进说话东西供常borrow sth from sb swh结构意某某某物
He borrowed a lot of money from the bank 银行钱
（2）lend出说话东西常lend sth to sb lend sb sth结构中意某某物
I don’t like to lend my TV set to Tom 想电视机Tom
（3）keep意保存保留引申表示时间长度表示时间段时间状语how long等连
— Can I borrow this book 书？
— Yes but you mustn’t lend it to others 许
— How long may I keep this book 书长时间？
— Two weeks 两周
（4）use 意引申时borrow互换
May I useborrow your pen 钢笔？
注意：（1）lend接双宾语lend sb sth lend sth to sbborrow没结构
（2）钱borrowuse电话useborrow
6 feed
feed物动词意喂喂养规动词式分词fed
She is feeding her baby 喂孩子
He feeds fish to the cat 喂鱼猫吃
拓展
1）feed…onwith sth 某物喂养
feed sth to sbfeed sb sth 某物喂…
She fed her baby onwith milk 牛奶喂宝宝
Hill fed some fish to the cat Hill鱼喂猫
Most bats feed on insects 数蝙蝠昆虫食
2）feed作物动词意（牛马羊等）吃东西…食常on连
Cattle feed on grass 牛草食
3）feed onlive on辨析：
feed onlive on…食意思feed on动物live on动物live on接食物生活源
Horses feed on grass 马草食
He lives on teaching 教书生
He lives on his parents 父母生活
7 take out
take out意取出掉动词take加副词out构成动词短语take out名词连名词放out前放out代词代词必须放out前
He took out a bad tooth in hospital 医院拔掉颗坏牙
拓展
常见take构成动介动副词组：
take away 走带走 take back 收回带回
take down 拆卸记 take in 接收吸收
take off 脱起飞 take over 接接
take up 起占领
8 do the laundry
do the laundry意洗衣服laundry数名词意洗衣服laundry作数名词时意洗衣店
Could you please send the clothes to the laundry
衣服送洗衣店行？
There’s too much laundry this weekend
周末太洗衣服
拓展
（1）domake辨析：
domake 均做意思do表示做动作项工作干什活make意做制作努力做成某新东西强调做具体东西
（2）关do短语：
1）do + the + ving
do the reading 阅读 do the shopping 购物
do the cleaning 扫卫生 do the cooking 做饭
2）do + some + ving
do some writing 做书法练 do some cleaning 扫
do some sweeping 扫 do some singing 唱歌
3）do + the + 名词
do the beds 整理床铺 do the dishes 洗盘子
do the room 整理房间 do the flowers 插花
4）do one’s + 名词
do one’s hair 梳头发 do one’s lessons 做功课
（3）关make短语：
make a noise 发出噪音 make paper 造纸
make a meal 做饭 make dumplings 包饺子
make sb angry 某生气 make a fire 生火
make faces 做鬼脸 make tea 沏茶
make a mistake 犯错误 make a war 开战
make friends with sb 某交朋友
三句式精讲
1 Could you…
could 提出礼貌求句型：Could you do Could you please do…意请…行？麻烦…？
Li Lei could you please help me 李雷请帮忙？
— Could you close the window 关窗户？
— I’m afraid not 恐怕行
— Could you come to my birthday party 参加生日聚会？
— Certainly 然
拓展
（1）could表示请求许
句型：Could I do…意…？…？
Could I come in 进？
Could I use your bike 行车？
（2）回答时应注意问题：
1）样句式作答时般疑问句作肯定回答通常certainlysureof course
2）作否定回答时通常sorry开头
3）果问句中couldcan更礼貌回答时cancan’t出现could
（3）列句式表示请求：
Would you like to do sth 愿意做某事？
Would you mind doing sth 介意做某事？
Let’s do… 做…
Shall Iwe do sth 做某事？
Please do sth 请做某事
2 …take care of…
take care of意顾料look after义take care of较口语化侧重负责意宾语表示物名词代词
We take care of him during his illness 生病期间顾
Take care of my car while I am away 外出期间请保车
拓展
（1）take care意心心相look outbe careful
Take care the road is slippery 心路滑
（2）take good care of look after…well意顾
He took good care of his dog 顾狗
3 …come over…
come over意便拜访义词组drop byin
You should come over sometime and have dinner with us
应该找时间 起吃顿饭
拓展
come构成词组：
come about 发生 come for 接（取）
come down come back 回
come in 进 come off 离开
come on 进展 come out 出出版
come along 吧走吧 come from
come by 旁边走 come up （指植物）长出面
come up with 找出提出（答案办法）
4 …go on…
go on sth 意做…进行…
We’ll go on a picnic 进行次野餐
拓展
（1）go on 意持续继续
We can’t go on like this 老样子
（2）go on doing sth意停干某事
You can’t go on working without a break 停工作休息
（3）go on with sth 意（停顿）继续进行某活动
If you don’t finish painting the room today you can go on with it tomorrow
果天粉刷完房间明天继续干
（4）go on to do sth意完成件事接着做件事
After finishing his homework Li Lei went on to help his parents with the housework 做完作业李雷接着帮父母干家务活
5 invite sb to do sth
invite sb to do sth 意邀请某做某事
Are you going to invite Jason to play chess tomorrow
明天邀请Jason棋？
拓展
（1）invite sb to some place表示邀请某某参加某种活动
I want to invite my friends to the Great Wall 想邀请朋友长城
（2）invite名词invitation
Thank you for your invitation 谢谢邀请
6I agree
句话表示某观点表示意I think so意思表示某观点意时说I disagreeI don’t agree
—That music is quite good 音乐太
—I agree 意
拓展
表示意表达：
That’s just what I think 样认
I couldn’t agree more 非常赞成
So do I 认
I feel the same way 样想法
That’s a good point 想法错
Unit 11 —— 情态动词
I常见情态动词法
can 法：
（1）表示力
表示力时般译会某种力尤生具备力时may must 均代
She can swim fast but I can’t 游快
I can see with my eyes 眼睛
（2）表示许常口语中
You can use my dictionary 字典
（3）表示推测
表示推测时意常否定句疑问句中时can’t 译
Can the news be true 消息会真？
—Can it be our teacher 老师？
—No it can’t be our teacher He is on a visit to the Great Wall
老师正游览长城呢
二could法：
（1）can式意会表示力
He could write poems when he was 10 十岁时会写诗
（2）could疑问句中表示委婉语气没式意思
Could you do me a favour 帮忙？
—Could I use your pen 钢笔
—Yes you can
三may法：
（1）表示请求许can 正式
May I borrow your bike 行车？
You may go home now 现回家
（2）表示推测谈性意许般肯定句中
It may rain tomorrow 明天会雨
She may be at home 家呢
（3）may式might表示推测时性低may
He is away from school He might be sick离开学校生病
（4）表示希祈求祝愿常译祝愿通常may++动词
May you have a good time 祝愉快
May you be happy 祝幸福
May you succeed 祝成功
四must法：
（1）must 表示观法意必须定
You must stay here until I come back 回前必须
Must I hand in my homework right now 必须现交作业？
（2）否定形式mustn’t表示定千万禁止许
You mustn’t play with fire 许玩火
You mustn’t be late 定迟
（3）must引导疑问句肯定回答must否定回答needn’t don’t have to
—Must I finish my homework 现必须完成作业？
—No you needn’t 必
（4）must表示握推测肯定句
The light is on so he must be at home now 灯亮着现肯定家
注意：反义疑问句构成形式：
must表示肯定判断推测时反义疑问句实际问句助动词构成
She must have seen the film beforehasn’t she (注意反意疑问句半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday didn’t you (注意反意疑问句半部分)
五need法：
（1）need 表示需必须否定句疑问句中否定形式needn’t意没必必need 提问时肯定回答 must否定回答 needn’tdon’t have to
— Need I stay here any longer 必留？
— Yes you must
—No you needn’t don’t have to 必
（2）need 作实义动词时称数时态变化果作语边接动词定式
I need to do it right now 需马做件事
He needs to learn more about the girl 需解女孩
果物作语般need doing need to be done种情况应注意两点：
1）动形式动名词doing具动含义
2）该动名词改动词定式动形式句子意义变
The door needs painting The door needs to be painted
扇门需油漆
Your car needs mending Your car needs to be repaired
车需维修
六shall 法：
shall表示征求方意见（第三称）Shall we go out for a walk 出散步？
七should法：
（1）should 意应该表示劝告建议义务责等
We should protect the environment 应该保护环境
（2）should have done 表示动作责备批评
You should have finished your homework
应该已完成作业（事实没完成）
八will 法：
will表示意愿意志算种称
I will help you if I’m free this afternoon天午果空会帮
II情态动词易混点纳
易混点： canbe able to
两者表示力时法相can原形can式could两种形式时态中be able to 表示外 be able to常常指努力花费时间劳力做某事
Jim can’t speak English 吉姆会说英语
He could speak English at the age of 5 五岁时 会说英语
We’ll be able to see him next week 星期会见
He has been able to drive 已会开车
I’m sure you’ll be able to finish it quickly 相信迅速完成
We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon
中午达山顶
易混点二：canmay
1 can may 均征求意见许意般互换
Can May I help you 帮助？
2 can may 表示性时区：
1）肯定句中 mightmaymustcan
2）疑问句中表示推测can mightmaymust
3）否定句中can’t（） maymust
She may be in the classroom 教室里
Where can they be now 现？
That can’t be true 真
易混点三：can’t mustn’t
1 can’t 根基法译：
（1）会
I can’t speak English 会说英语
（2）
We can’t do it now because it’s too dark 天太黑现干
（3）否定句中表示推测意
The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher
老师年轻
2 mustn’t 意禁止许表达命令表示强烈语气
You mustn’t play football in the street It’s too dangerous
街踢足球太危险
易混点四：must have to
1 must 侧重意志观必have to 侧重客观必现时时时
I know I must study hard 知道必须努力学
My brother was very ill so I had to call the doctor in the midnight
弟弟病厉害 半夜里医生请
I haven’t got any money with me so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend 身没带钱朋友点
He said they must work hard 说必须努力工作
2 have to种时态must般现
The composition is due to hand in this morning so I had to finish it last night作文天早晨期昨天晚完成
Unit 12 What’s the best radio station
词组
the best radio station 线电台 comfortable seats 舒适椅子
big screens 屏幕 friendly service 友服务
new movies 新电影 close to home 离家
in a fun part of town 城镇闹市区 Town Cinema 城镇电影院
Screen City 屏幕影视城 Movie Palace 电影艺术宫
Jeans Corner 牛仔广角 Trendy Teens 时髦少年服装店
Easy Listening轻松听力 have good quality clothes 服装质量
in town 城里 in the city 城市里
in the country 乡 the beat clothing store 服装店
do a survey of …进行调查 all the movie theaters 电影院
the most interesting music 趣音乐 the math teacher 数学老师
be(getbecomefeel) interested in …感兴趣 Forbidden City 紫禁城
positive words 肯定词语 negative words 否定词语
the most creative创造力 the most boring 烦
a great success 巨成功 win the prize for 赢…奖项
without music 没音乐伴奏 the funniest actor 滑稽演员
the worst movie 差电影 action movies 动作片
beautiful beaches 美丽海滩 in the north of China 中国北部
an Ice and Snow Festival 冰雪节 Central Park 中心公园
leader of a band乐队指挥 elementary school 学
二词汇精讲
1 comfortable seats
（1）comfortable形容词意舒适安逸名词动词形式comfort意舒适安慰副词形式comfortably舒适安逸反义词uncomfortable舒适安逸变较级高级时分前面加moremost
I don’t feel comfortable in the same room with her
房间里感觉舒服
I feel more comfortable in this hotel 感觉家旅店更舒服
（2）seat作名词意座位作动词时物动词意坐座
Are there enough seats for everyone 座位够？
I seated myself at my desk 书桌旁坐
拓展sitseat辨析：
二者均表示坐sit物动词语seat物动词语时表示…坐宾语常反身代词语处时表示坐少
She sits alone in her room 独坐房间里
Our classroom can seat fifty students 教室坐50学生
2 close to
close to意接相next to程度close tonext to更强表示空间时间密切接
Jim’s house is close to his school Jim家离学校
I live close to the supermarket 住离超市
拓展
（1）close作动词意关闭形容词形式closed意关着
Please close the door and keep the door closed 请关门门关着
（2）close作形容词意亲密
close friends 密友 a close game 势均力敌赛
3 loud
loud形容词意高声喧哗
作副词表示喧哗高声loudly义常talkspeaklaugh等动词强调声音响亮较级louder高级loudest
His voice is very loud 声音
He speaks loud and clear 说话响亮清楚
拓展
（1）aloud副词意出声高声常readcall等动词连强调发出声音听见
Can you read aloud 读出声？
（2）loudly副词意高声喧哗loud互换含喧闹意思强调声音高悦耳
Someone knocked loudly at the door 声敲门
（3）较级高级时通常loudloudly
Who laughed loudest 谁笑声音？
4 without
withoutwith反义词意没介词接名词代词动词ing形式without构成介词短语具否定含义句中相构成否定句
I can’t do it without your help 没帮助做件事
He went to school this morning without having breakfast
天早没吃早饭学
5 in to on+方位名词
（1）in表示某区（属该范围）
Taiwan is in the southeast of China 台湾位中国东南部
（2）to表示某区外（属该范围）两接壤
Japan is to the east of China 日中国东部
（3）on表示某区相邻两相接壤
North Korea is on the east of China 鲜中国东部
6 enough
（1）enough形容词意充足充分足够作表语定语作定语时放名词前面面
The food is enough for the trip 次旅行食物足够
I have enough time to watch TV 足够时间电视
（2）enough作副词意足够时enough需放修饰形容词副词面
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag
年轻足够强壮搬动重包
拓展
（1）There be enough…足够…
There aren’t enough seats for all the people to sit down
没足够座位坐
（2）enough…to do sth 足够…做某事
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch 没足够时间吃午饭
（3）…enough to do…too…to…so…that…结构互相转换
He isn’t old enough to go to school He is too young to go to school
He is so young that he can’t go to school 太学
7 still
still副词意然
The teacher is still at work in his office 老师办公室里工作
still做形容词意静寂静静止
The room was still at the end of the speech
演讲结束时候房间里寂静声
The night was warm and still 夜晚温暖安静
拓展
stillyet辨析：
（1）still意然肯定句否定句疑问句中修饰形容词副词较级意更加相even
Li Lei and Lin Tao are still neck and neck 李雷林涛齐头进
I still don’t understand it 然明白
（2）yet作副词意已然表示某事尚未完成否定句中
Have they arrived yet 已？
He hasn’t finished his homework yet 没完成作业
The party is not over We can’t leave yet聚会没结束离开
8 or
（1）or作列连词否定句中意
I don’t like apples or pears 喜欢苹果梨
There is no water or air on the moon 月球没水空气
（2）or作连词选择疑问句连接两列成分列成分果三三时前面逗号隔开or连接两时or意者
Is the shirt yours or hers 件衬衣？
Is your mother a teacher a doctor or a worker
母亲教师医生工？
（3）or作者讲否然意思
Hurry up Or you will be late 快点否会迟
Study hard or you won’t pass the exam 努力学否通考试
三句式精讲
1 What do you think about
（1）think about意考虑…思考提问某某事法应该疑问词what时think aboutthink of互换
Are you thinking about the question 考虑问题？
What do you think about that man 认样？
（2）What dodid sb think about of…询问某某事（）法常句型意…认…样？答语某事（）评价
— What do you think about of the book written by him
认写书样？
— It is very good
（3）What do you think of…How do you like…互换
What do you think of the film How do you like the film
认部电影样？
2 It’s + adj + for sb to do sth
It iswas + adj + to do sth 意做某事…to do sth句子真正语it形式语形式语词代句中形容词加for sb意某说做某事…
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language
说学门外语相重
It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables
说吃蔬菜水果必
拓展
句型中for sb时of sb 二者意义区：
（1）It’s + adj + for sb to do sth 中for sb意某说句中形容词说明to do sth形式语it
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework
学生说做家务十分必
（2）It’s + adj + of sb to do sth 中of sb 意某…句中形容词逻辑语sb 构成系表结构形容词说明形容sb（某）
It’s very kind of you to help us 帮助真太
3 …that is what we learned
what we learned作is表语表语句引导表语句词what外thatwhetheras ifwhichwhowhosewhenwherewhyhow等表语句宾语句样求陈述语序
That is where I was born 出生方
The problem is whether he will come 问题否回
This is what we need 需
4 …some more…
some more意修饰数名词复数修饰数名词
Would you like some more bananas 香蕉？
拓展
moreanother辨析：
（1）more意时位表达数目词修饰数名词单复数数名词表达数目词具体基数词onetwo等非具体代词somemany等
I’m very hungry I want to eat two more cakes饿想吃两块蛋糕
（2）another意位单数数名词前基数词加数名词复数前修饰单数数名词基数词联合修饰数名词复数
I’m sorry but I have another three questions to ask you
抱歉外三问题问
5 …the friendliest service
friendliestfriendly(友亲切)高级形式高级形式most friendly较级形式friendliermore friendly反义词unfriendly
She is a friendly person and we all like her
亲切喜欢
拓展
（1）be friendly to sb 某友
He is friendly to all his friends 朋友友
（2）常见名词加ly变形容词词：
lovely 爱 fatherly 父亲般
weekly 周 yearly 年
Unit 12 —— 形容词副词高级
I形容词副词高级构成
绝数形容词副词三等级：原级较级高级原级原形高级级表示…意思高级构成规规两种
形容词副词较级规变化：
构成方法
原级
高级
单音
节词
部
分双
音节
词
音
节词
般单音节词末尾加est
great
hard
greatest
hardest
发音e结尾单音节词少数le结尾双音节词加st
nice
wide
nicest
widest
辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词双写结尾辅音字母加est
big
hot
biggest
hottest
辅音字母＋y结尾双音节词改yi加est
easy
busy
easiest
busiest
双音节词音节词前面加most构成高级
important
difficult
most important
most difficult
规变化
goodwell
badbadlyill
muchmany
little
old
far
best
worst
most
least
oldesteldest
farthestfurthest
注意：学高级知识时参Unit 6较级知识高级较级合起理解掌握
II 形容词副词高级法
三者三者物进行较时高级形容词高级前面加定冠词the副词高级前加the省掉the面带of／in短语说明较范围：
（1）语+系动词 + the + 形容词高级 + of短语／in短语
She is the youngest of all 中年轻
（2）A+谓语动词+(the)+高级+of短语／in短语
Linda draws most carefully in her class 琳达班里画认真
III高级常句型
(1）…one of the +高级+名词复数意…
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century
鲁迅世纪伟作家
(2）…高级+of (inamong)…意…中…
Of all the movie stars I think Zhang Ziyi is the best
电影明星中认章子怡
（3）This is was the高级+名词+that定语句
This is the worst film that I have seen these years
年部电影
IV高级解密
（1）形容词高级前必须加定冠词the果高级前物代词指示代词名词格等修饰时定冠词：
My oldest daughter is 16 years old 女16岁
（2）形容词高级常介词inof引导表示范围短语连介词名词代词句中语事物时of短语说明某空间时间范围较时in短语：
This apple is the biggest of all 苹果中苹果
He is the youngest in his class 班里年龄
（3）形容词高级前序数词限定修饰面名词结构：the+序数词+形容词高级+名词
Hainan is the second largest island in China 海南中国第二岛
（4）形容词高级意义较级形式表达常见：
1）形容词较级+than any other+单数名词
This book is more difficult than any other book here
This book is the most difficult book of all书中难
2）形容词较级+than the other+复数名词
Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth
亚洲球洲
（5）形容词高级前定冠词a时表示较表示非常意思
Spring is a best season 春天非常季节
Review of Units 712
词汇精讲
1 finallyat lastin the end辨析
（1）finally放句首句中句尾强调列举点时引出容表示盼已久事情终实现含义
They talked about it for hours Finally they decided not to go
讨时决定
外finally句中动词前面表示等久…感情色彩浓
We waited and waited and the train finally arrived
等等终火车
（2）at last放句首句尾表示期感情更强烈强调曲折达目
My brother went to college at last 弟弟终学
She came at last 总算
（3）in the end放句首句尾at last互换表示困难达目表示结局预测时in the end
In the end we found the house 找间房子
They won in the end 赢
2 beatwin
beatwin均赢败意思法
（1）beat表示赛中败某意赢时宾语表示团队词语表示赛奖品等容词语作宾语
We beat them in the soccer match yesterday 昨天足球赛赢
beat常表示时指接连击某某物外beat表示心脏跳动
The rain is beating against the window 雨点正敲着窗户
My heart is beating fast 心脏跳快
（2）win表示赢宾语表示赛奖品等容词语表示词语作宾语win作物动词面接宾语表示获胜
In the end we won the matchgame 赢场赛胜利
3 stop to do sthstop doing sth辨析：
stop doing sth意停止做某事做某事
He stopped watching TV and began to read English
电视开始读英语
stop to do sth 意停止原做事做外件事
He watched TV for an hour and at 8 he stopped to do his homework
时电视八点钟停(电视)做作业
拓展
1）try doing sth试着做某事
try to do sth 力做某事
Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door
前门没答应敲门试试
Try to get some sleep 力睡会吧
2）go on doing sth 继续做原事情
go on to do 继续做外件事
They went on talking 继续谈着(停止谈)
They went to talk about the news
接着谈消息（话题）
3）remember doing…记做某事
remember to do …记做某事(尚未做)
I remember locking the door 记门锁(已做)
Remember to lock the door 记住锁门(未发生)
4）forgot doing…忘记做某事 (做忘记)
forget to do…记住做某事(尚未做)
I forgot to buy the book 忘记买书(没买)
I forgot buying the book 忘记已买书(买忘记)
4 whenwhile辨析：
1）when引导状语句表示时间说明动作发生时候动作正进行
— What were you doing when I came into the classroom
走进教室时候正干什？
— I was reading 正读书
2）when引导时间状语句表示某动作正进行时动作突然发生
My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park
公园散步时候钢笔掉
A woman saw it happen when she was walking past
妇女时候发生事情
3）while连接时间状语句般进行时表示正进行某动作时发生动作句常般时
While he was reading the telephone rang
正读书时候电话铃响
While we were boating on the lake we saw a fish jump out of the water
正湖中划船时见条鱼跳出水面
注意：
whenwhile引导状语句表示正进行某动作while更强调动作持续段时间
4）while连接时间状语句表示某动作正进行时动作进行中
While he was reading I was writing 读书写字
While Dad was washing his car Mum was cooking
爸爸洗车时妈妈做饭
I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV
爸爸电视时做作业
5 joinjoin intake part in辨析：
三者译成参加意义法异：
（1）join意加入某组织成中员join面接表示名词代词表示加入某某行列中
My uncle joined the Party in 1978 叔叔1978年入
We are going for a swim Will you come and join us
游泳起？
（2）join in表示加入参某种活动in接名词动词ing形式表示参加某活动说join sb in (doing) sth
He joined them in the work 起工作
Will you join us in playing basketball 起篮球？
（3）take part in指参加会议群众性活动重说明句子语参加该项活动中发挥作
The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday
昨天老师参加讨
6 borrowlend辨析：
两动词表示borrow指里东西（入）lend指东西（出）
May I borrow your pen 钢笔？
Can you lend me your pen 钢笔？
外注意常固定介词搭配表示某某处某物borrow sth from sb or swh表示某物某lend sth to sb
Do you often borrow books from the library 常图书馆书？
You mustn’t lend it to others 定
7 leaveforget辨析：
两词忘记意思区：
1）forget通常表示点副词短语连
Oh I’ve forgotten my wallet 噢忘记带钱包
Don’t forget the cases 忘带箱子
2）leave 表示遗忘时通常表示点状语连
Oh I’ve left my wallet at home 噢钱包放家里忘记带
— I’ve left my watch upstairs 表忘楼
— I’ll go and get it for you
8 aloudloudloudly辨析：
（1）aloud 强调出声话说出心里默默说通常动词 read speak think等动词连
read aloud 朗读 think aloud 言语
表示声通常动词 cry laugh shout call 等动词连
The boy is crying aloud 男孩子声哭
She called aloud for help 声呼救
（2）loud 表示声响亮作形容词副词：
1）作形容词
He has a loud voice 嗓门
The music is too loudplease turn it down
音乐太吵请音量关点
2）作副词(loudly 义)般动词 speak talk laugh sing等连放动词
I can’t hear you please speak louder 听见请说声
（3）loudly 作副词(作副词 loud 义)含喧闹意思强调声音高悦耳
Don’t talk so loudlyloud 声讲话
注意：
loudly 作副词 loud 范围更广 speaktalklaugh 等动词连外表示声响动词连放动词前
Someone knocked loudly at the door 声敲门
外较级高级时通常 loud loudly
Who laughed loudest 谁笑声音
二句式精讲
1 常见提建议方式：
句型
例句
说明
Why not…
Why not go out for a walk
什出散步？
Why not面接动词原形
WhatHow about…
What about going to the movie电影样？
WhatHow about面加动词ing形式
Let’s…
Let’s meet at six
六点见面
Let’s面加动词原形
Why don’t you…
Why don’t you go with us
什起？
Why don’t you面加动词原形
2 have fun doing sth
have funhave a good time enjoy oneself意思相意玩高兴接动词ing形式构成have fun (in) doing sth句式表示做某事乐趣类似句式：have some problemstrouble (in) doing sth意做某事遇问题
We had great fun playing chess last night 昨晚玩象棋玩开心
The children have some problems (in) making a banana milk shake
孩子做香蕉奶昔时遇困难
3 too…to…
too…to…初中英语重点结构构成形式：too + adjadv + to + v表示太…致…意思
His father was too poor to send him to school
父亲太穷送学
（1）结构中定式前带逻辑语表明定式动作执行者谁for sb 表示
This English book is too difficult for me to read书说太难读
（2）结构转换成so…that…not…enough to…结构注意not… enough to…结构中not形容词副词too…to…结构中too形容词副词意义相反
He is too young to do the work
He is so young that he can not do the work
He is not old enough to do the work
4 原级较级高级句型总结
(1）原级常句型
as + 形容词原形 + as
Tom is as___tall as Mike 汤姆迈克样高
Tom is as___old as Mike 汤姆迈克样
There are as many students in our class as yours
班班样学生
否定：not as + 形容词副词原形 + as not so + 形容词副词原形 + as意…样／…
Lucy is not as tall as Mike Lucy is not so tall as Mike
露西没迈克样高
（2）较级常句型
1）较级 + than…
Our school is larger than theirs 学校学校
This bridge is longer than that one 座桥座桥长
2）表示两者间选择Which is + 较级…or…
Which is longer this ruler or that one尺子尺子更长？
3）表示方时less + 原级 + than…
This park is less beautiful than that one 公园公园漂亮
4）形容词较级 + and + 形容词较级 （前形容词）意越越…
She is becoming thinner and thinner 越越瘦
Our country is becoming richer and richer 国家变越越富强
5）The + 较级the+较级意越…越…
The smaller the house is the less it will cost us the heat
房子越花取暖费越少
The busier he is the happier he feels 越忙越高兴
6）the+较级 + of + the + two 意两者中较…
The watch is the cheaper of the two 两块手表中块较便宜
7）较级形式表示高级意思：较级 + than any other + 单数名词
He is taller than any other boy in his class 班男孩高
（3）高级常句型
1）形容词高级法：in of+范围
The girl with short hair is the tallest in our class
短发女孩班高
His room is the cleanest of the three 房间三间中干净间
2）…one of the + 高级 +名词复数表示…
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century
鲁迅世纪伟作家
3）三者做较Which Who…+ 高级A B or C
Who is the tallest Jim Mike or Tom 谁高JimMikeTom？
4）表示第二第三等意思时常高级前面加secondthird等词
This is the third largest city in China 中国第三城市
5 请求表达法种种
英语中表达请求句型许种较常见
（1）please + 动词原形动词原形 + please般祈句中加please语气变委婉
Please have a glass of milk 请喝杯牛奶
Wait a minute please 请稍等
（2）Will you (please) + 动词原形…结构第二称表示方提出试探性建议礼貌请求
Will you please give a message to her 请捎口信？
Will you help me with my English 请帮学英语？
（3）Would you mind doing…结构
— Would you mind lending me your bike 行车？
— No not at all 没问题
（4）Can May Could Might + 语 + 动词原形…结构中couldmight表示时间canmay更委婉客气
Can I go home now 现回家？
May we ask you some questions Mr Hu
胡先生问您问题？
Could you tell me where the post office is 告诉邮局里？
（5）Would you + 动词原形…结构
Would you come to dinner 吃晚饭？
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Unit 1 How often do you exercise？
词组
go to the movies 电影 look aftertake care of 顾
surf the internet 网 healthy lifestyle 健康生活方式
go skate boarding 划板 keep healthystay healthy 保持健康
eating habits 饮食惯 take more exercise 做更运动
the same as 什相 once a month 月次
be different from twice a week 周两次
make a difference to 什影响 how often 久次
althoughthough然 as for
activity survey活动调查 do homework做家庭作业
do housework做家务事 eat less meat 吃更少肉
junk food垃圾食物 be good for 什益
be bad for什害 want to do sth 想做某事
want sb to do sth想某做某事 try to do sth 量做某事
come home from school放学回家 of coursecertainlysure 然
get good grades 取成绩 some advice 建议
most of the studentsmost students 数学生
shopgo shoppingdo some shopping 购物
exercisetake (much) exercisedo sports 锻炼
help sb to do sthhelp sb with sth 帮助某做某事
a lot of vegetablesmany vegetables 许蔬菜
hardlynot nearlyalmost not
keepbe in good health保持健康
二词汇精讲
1 alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardly evernever
alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardly evernever英语中常见频度副词
（1）always 频度100表示动作重复状态继续中间没间断意思总永远
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west 太阳总东升西落
（2）usually 频度70左右意通常常少例外
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock 通常10点钟睡觉
（3）often 频度50左右意常常usually频繁表示动作重复中间间断
He is often late for school 学常迟
（4）sometimes 频度20左右意时表示动作偶尔发生位句首示强调般现时
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold 天气忽冷忽热
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way
时样做时样做
（5）hardly ever 频度5左右意偶尔表频率位置行前be
I hardly ever go out these days 天出门
（6）never 频度0意永
My parents are never late for work 父母班迟
拓展
（1）副词句子中位置基相般放助动词be动词情态动词行动词前：行前助(系)
Peter is always late for school Peter学总迟
I usually do my homework in the evening 通常晚做作业
（2）hardlyhard
hardlyhard形式接意义截然
1）hard作形容词时意困难硬勤奋严厉苛刻
hard作副词时常表示程度意努力猛烈剧烈
This ground is too hard to dig 块太硬挖动
They tried hard to succeed 努力工作求成功
2）hardly表频率副词意没相almost not
There is hardly any coffee left There’s almost no coffee left
没剩余咖啡
（3）sometimessometimesome timesome times
单词
词义
法
sometimes
时
般现时般时中
sometime
某时(时间点)
般时般时中
some time
段时间
种时态(指时间段)
some times
次倍
表示次数倍数
He was sometimes late for school 时学迟
He came here sometime 某时候里
He will stay there for some time 里段时间
She came home some times 回次家
2 exercise
（1）作物动词意锻炼运动
— How often do you exercise 久锻炼次？
— I exercise every day 天锻炼
（2）作数名词意锻炼运动常动词take连
Exercise makes me keep healthy 运动保持健康
John likes to take exercise in the open air 约翰喜欢户外锻炼
（3）作数名词意练操
We do morning exercises every day 天做早操
We do English exercises to help us learn English well
做英语练便学英语
3 most
most表示部分半意思
Most children like playing computer games 部分孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏
拓展 mostmost of 区：
（1）most直接名词(数数)时接形容词修饰名词
Most boys like playing football 部分男孩喜欢踢足球
I always spend most time learning English总花部分时间学英语
（2）most直接定冠词指示代词物代词修饰名词遇情况most of 代most
I spent most of my time learning to play the piano last year
年部分时间花学弹钢琴
I did most of that difficult work 件困难工作绝部分做
（3）most of 称代词时应复数形式称代词宾格
Most of them are going off to Guangzhou next week
中数准备星期广州
（4）most 前定冠词时修饰音节形容词表示高级意
This is the most beautiful flower 漂亮花
果most前定冠词a表示非常相very
She is a most beautiful girl 非常漂亮姑娘
4 no
no形容词意没般作定语接数名词数名词相not…aany
I have no friendsI don’t have aany friend 没朋友
拓展
（1）no常省略句中表示许
No smoking 抽烟
No photos 禁止拍
（2）nonot
（1）no单独回答般疑问句not单独
— Can I come ？
— No you can’t
（2）no作形容词接单数复数数名词not副词常修饰谓语动词形容词副词等no相not aan…not any…
5 health
health名词意健康形容词形式healthy意健康
名词词尾加y构成形容词类似词：
rain—rainy 雨—雨 sun—sunny 太阳—晴朗
luck—lucky 幸运—幸运 wind—windy 风—刮风
6shop
shop作动词意购物go shopping购物do some shopping
拓展
go swimming 游泳 go skating 滑冰 go fishing 钓鱼
go boating 划船 do some reading 阅读
do some washing 洗涮 do some cooking 做饭
do some swimming 游泳 do some speaking 说
do some listening 听
7 once a week twice a week
once次twice两次英语中三次三次通常基数词+times表示time里数名词意次数复数加s
I wash my face twice a day 天洗两次脸
He has been there four times 里四次
8 how often
how often意久次常时间频率提问回答oncetwicethree times a day(天两三次)sometimes(时)never()very often(常)等
How often do you watch TV 久次电视？
How often do your parents visit your grandparents
父母久次祖父母？
拓展
词语
词义
法
答语特征
how long
久
询问时间久
forabout+段时间
how often
久次
询问动作频率
oftentwice a week等
how soon
快久
询问时间快
in+段时间
how far
远
询问距离远
ten minutes’ walk
how many
少
询问数名词数量
数词+数名词复数
how much
少
询问数名词数量
数词+表示量词+数名词
少钱
询问价格
数词+钱
9 look after
look after意顾相take care of
My father is ill so I have to look after him at home
父亲病家顾
She is old enough to look after herself 长够顾
拓展
look athave a look at … look over 检查
look up (字典等)查找 look for 寻找
look forward to 期盼 look around 环顾
10lookseewatchread辨析：
look物动词接宾语时须介词at指动作
see做物动词接宾语做物动词着重果见
read指书报里实读做物动词物动词
watch做物动词指非常仔细目特意动作表示注视观监视意常电视赛等短语中
三句式精讲
1 want sbto do sth 意想某做某事
否定形式：want sb not to do sth 想某做某事
want法： want sth 想什
want to do sth 想做某事
She wants a cup of tea 想杯茶
They want to go home 想回家
He wants me to help him 想帮
拓展 want接动词定式时相would like
want (sb)to do sthwould like (sb)to do sth
2 be good for 意…处…益处介词for接名词代词反义词be bad for意…害处
Junk food is not good for our health 垃圾食品健康没处
Smoking is bad for you 吸烟害
拓展
（1）be good to…反义短语be bad to… 介词to般接表示名词代词
She is very good to us
The boss is bad to his workers 老板工
（2）be good at…方面擅长介词at面常接名词代词动词ing形式义短语do well in
She is good at English and Chinese She does well in English and Chinese 擅长英语汉语
（3）be good with…相处擅…相处
Are you good with children 孩子相处？
3 try to do sth
try动词意试图设法努力指付出定努力做某事
try (not)to do sth 努力()做某事力()做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
try out 实验 try on 试穿(鞋衣服等)
try one’s best to do sth 某努力干…
I try to answer the question 力回答问题
He tried swimming across the river 试着游河
She is trying on a new dress 正试穿件新连衣裙
We should try our best to study English well
应努力学英语
try作名词意尝试试图
Let me have a try 试试
4 help sb (to)do sth意帮助某做某事
义词组help sb with sth
He helps me (to)learn English He helps me with my English
帮助学英语
拓展
（1）help sb with sth 某事帮助某
My maths teacher helps me with my maths
数学老师数学帮助
（2）help 作名词作名词时常列短语：
with one’s help with the help of…帮助
With Mary’s help I made rapid progress in English learning
With the help of Mary I made rapid progress in English learning
Mary帮助英语学方面进步快
5 the same as be different from
the same as意…样相
I am in the same school as my younger sister妹妹学校
be different from意…
Saying a thing is very different from doing it
说件事做件事相
the same…as…意…样…常搭配same形容词做定语前总the
Her hair is the same color as her mother’s 头发颜色妈妈样
6 keep in good health 意保持健康
If you want to keep in good health you should eat more fruit and vegetables
果想保持健康应该吃水果蔬菜
health数名词意健康(状况)常be in good(poorbad)health短语中表示身体()
Health is better than wealth 健康胜财富
healthy做形容词意健康名词health+y构成形容词类似词：windycloudysunnyfunnysnowy等
unhealthy意健康un+adj构成形容词un否定前缀类似：
happy高兴—unhappy高兴 fair公—unfair公
拓展
（1）keep动词意保持…(持续)状态常形容词副词介词短语动词ing形式
keep doing sth 继续做某事
keep (sb sth)+ 形容词 (某)保持某种状态
keep sbsth+介词短语 …处某种状态
keep sb sth from doing sth 阻止保护…受
keep on doing sth 反复做某事
You should keep quiet 应该保持安静
He keeps at home because it is hot 直家里天气太热
（2）keep相关短语：
keep up with 赶 keep a shop 开商店
keep an eye on
7kind of常口语意点分修饰形容词副词表程度
He looked kind of angry 点生气
kind表示种类
There are all kinds of shoes in the shoe shop 鞋店里种样鞋
Unit 2 What’s the matter？
词组
have a cold 感 sore back 背痛
sore throat 咽喉痛 lie down and rest 躺休息
see a dentist 牙医 drink lots of water 喝水
hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜热茶 That’s a good idea 意
That’s too bad 太糟糕 I think so 认
get some rest 休息 stressed out 筋疲力
to eat a balance diet 饮食衡 healthy food 健康食品
enjoy sthlike sth 喜欢某物 enjoy doing sth like dong sth 喜欢做某事
practice doing sth 练做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事
finish doing sth 完成某事 give up doing sth 放弃做某事
can’t help doing sth 忍住做某事 keep ding sth 坚持做某事
practice mind finish give up can’t help keep enjoy法基相似
at the moment now 刻 Host family 东道家庭
Conversation practice 会话练 neck and neck 驾齐驱齐头进
a healthy lifestyle健康生活方式 traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医
a balance of yin and yang 阴阳调 You have too much yin 阴气太盛
I have no idea I don’t know 知道
stay healthy keep healthykeep in good health keep fit保持健康
enjoy oneself have a good wonderful timehave fun 玩高兴愉快
I have a stomachache I have got a stomachache My stomach hurts
There is something wrong with my stomach
I have (got) a pain in my stomach 胃痛
What’s the matter What’s the trouble (with you) What’s your trouble
What’s wrong (with you) What’ the matter (with you)
What has happened to you Is there anything wrong (with you)
what’s up ？
I’m not feeling well I’m not feeling fineall right I’m feeling illsick
I feel terriblebad I don’t feel well 觉太舒服
二词汇精讲
1 lie
动词意躺式分词分laylain现分词lying
I found he was lying on the ground 发现躺
拓展 （1）lie位意思
A temple lies on the top of the mountain 座寺庙位山顶
（2）lie作动词时意撒谎式分词规均liedlie作名词意谎言
Don’t lie to me 撒谎
The boy told a lie to me 男孩撒谎
原形
词义
式
分词
现分词
lie
躺位
lay
lain
lying
lie
说谎
lied
lied
lying
（3）英语中部分ie结尾动词ing形式必须改iey加ing
die → dying tie → tying lie → lying
2 hope
hope意希表示实现愿接定式宾语句表达希做某事时需hope that句
I hope you can pass the exam 希通考试
拓展hopewish辨析：
so
hope+ to do sth 注意：没hope sb to do sth法
that句 表示实现观愿
for sth
sb to do sth 接sb复合结构
wish+ sb sth 接双宾语
to do sth hope互换
that句 虚拟语气表示太实现愿
My mother wisheshopes to find her lost watch swh
妈妈希什方找丢失手表
I wish you to finish the work in time 希时完成项工作
3 advice
advice数名词意意见建议劝告忠告定冠词a连
a piece of advice 条建议
Let me give you some advice 建议
Thanks for your advice about the house 谢谢关房子建议
拓展
（1）give advice (on) …提(关…)建议
Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well
关学英语建议？
（2）take one’s advice 听某建议
I’ll take your advice and do exercise every day
会听建议天锻炼身体
（3）adviseadvice动词形式意建议常advise sb to do sth结构中
He advised me to read English every morning 建议天早晨读英语
4 should
should情态动词意应应该表示义务责种称称数变化单独作谓语动词起构成谓语表示说话语气情态否定形式should not缩写shouldn’t法：
（1）表示责义务意应该
You should take your teacher’s advice 应该听老师建议
You shouldn’t be late for class 应该课迟
（2）表示推断意该
The train should have already left 火车已离开
（3）劝某做做某事时常should do sthshouldn’t do sthmustought to更加委婉
You should brush your teeth vefore you go to bed 睡觉前应该刷牙
5 need
（1）need作实义动词意需必然称时态数变化
sbsth 需某某物
need+ to do sth 需做某事
doing 需（）做
He needs some help 需帮助
You didn’t need to come so early 必早
The flowers need watering 花需浇水
（2）need作情态动词意需必须没称数时态变化接动词原形否定句疑问句中
He need not go at once 必立刻走
Need he go at once 必须立刻走？
must提问句子否定回答常needn’t
— Must he hand in his homework this morning
必须天午交作业？
— No he needn’t 必
拓展
need to doneed doing辨析：
need to do sth意需干某事动干某事need doing语物含动意义相need to be done
The student needs to do his homework as soon as he gets home
学生需回家做家庭作业
My computer needs repairing 电脑需修理
6 until
until意直…列法：
（1）作介词接时间名词句中作时间状语
（2）作连词接句引导时间状语句
We waited until the rain stopped 等雨停
She stayed there until 9 o’clock 直等9点钟
拓展
（1）until肯定句中持续性动词连表示某动作持续某时until相tillstandwaitstay等表示句动作终止时间
（2）until否定句中not…until…意直…常非延续性动词连openstartleavearrive等强调句动作开始时间
The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back
直父亲回孩子睡觉
You’d better wait until the rain stops 等雨停
7 have a cold
have a cold动词短语意患感伤风说成catch a coldget a coldtake a cold中have表示患病病进行时态段时间连表示状态catchget a cold表示瞬时动作段时间连
cold名词意伤风感
I have had a cold for three days 感三天
句表达：I caughtgot a cold three days ago
cold做形容词意冷寒冷
A cold wind was coming down the valley 股冷风正吹进山谷
拓展
表示体某部位痛时种结构：
（1）have a+身体部位名词加ache构成
have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛
have a stomachache 胃痛
（2）have a sore+身体部位名词
have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a sore arm 胳膊痛
have a sore foot 脚痛
sore形容词意疼痛通常放表示身体部位词前表示部位疼痛
（3）身体部位+ hurtache
My eyes hurts 眼睛痛
My legs ache 腿疼
（4）have a pain inon+the+身体部位
I have a pain in the arm 胳膊痛
（5）There is something wrong with+one’s+身体部位
There is something wrong with your eyes 眼睛毛病
8 feel well
（1）feel系动词接形容词作表语说明语状态性质特征
I feel tired 感觉累
拓展
类似feel种法词：look()smell(闻起)sound(听起)taste(品尝)get(变)grow(变)等
（2）well形容词意身体健康句中作表语
I don’t think you are a really well man so you should do more exercise
认真正健康应该锻炼
9 too much
too much课文中作形容词意太接数名词作代词短语much形容词意许量
I had too much I’m full now 吃太现饱
拓展
too muchtoo manymuch too辨析：
词语
词形
特点
too much
形容词短语
数名词作代词短语
too many
形容词短语
数名词复数作代词短语
much too
副词短语
形容词副词
Don’t eat too much sweet It’s bad for your teeth
吃太糖牙齿
There are too many books in the room You can choose any one to read
房间里太书选择读
It’s much too cold outside You should put on your coat
外面太冷应该穿外套
10 a fewa littlefewittle
数
数
肯定
a few()
a little()
否定
few(没)
little(没)
We have little time to do it 没时间做件事
He is new here So he has few friends 新没朋友
Peter has just been away for a few minutes Peter刚离开分钟
There is a little milk in the fridge We can buy it tomorrow
冰箱里点牛奶明天买
11becomeget
become常书面语表示状态状态变化强调变化结果
get口语中指短时间变化通常接形容词较级表示变化程
He became a doctor 成名医生
It’s gettingbecome warmer 天气渐渐暖起
12at the moment表示刻现时义词now现进行时态标志词
She is doing her homework at the moment 现正做作业
We are very busy at the moment 现非常忙
拓展
in a momentvery soon 快立刻
for a moment 刻会
13agobefore区
ago做副词指（现算起长时间）前般时态中前通常时间段
I visited him two days ago 两天前拜访
We started our class about ten minutes ago
约十分钟前开始课
before通常表示某时间点前单独做状语ago单独
We began to climb the hill before eight o’clock 八点前开始爬山
三句式精讲
1 What’s the matter
What’s the matter询问方出什毛病问题意医生询问病病情时常语
— What’s the matter ？
— I have a stomachache 胃疼
拓展
What’s the matter接with sbWhat’s the matter with sb意某？What’s wrong with sbWhat’s your trouble表示
What’s the matter with you What’s wrong with you
What’s the trouble with you What’s your trouble ？
注意：matter名词前加定冠词thewrong形容词前面需加冠词trouble名词前面加定冠词the加形容词性物代词说What’s your wrongWhat’s your matter
2 I think so
I think so肯定方提出观点法认样中so副词代前面词短语某种情况意样常believe相信suppose设想hope希think认say说tell告诉实义动词do避免重复
— Do you think it will rain 认会雨？
— Yes I think so 认
拓展
I think so否定形式两种：I don’t think soI think not
类似词believesupposehopebe afraid等
I believe sonot 相信会样
I hope sonot 希会样
3 It’s+adj+for sb+to do sth
结构中it形式语真正语面定式
To learn English is not easy It’s not easy to learn English 学英语容易
拓展
（1）It’s+adj+for sb to do sth 结构中形容词表示做某事性质特征类形容词：importanteasydifficulthardnecessary等
（2）It’s+adj+of sb to do sth 结构中形容词表示品质类形容词：kindwiseclevergoodfoolish等
It’s kind of you to say so 样说真太善良
It’s necessary for you to do more exercise 锻炼说必
4 enjoy doing sth
enjoy物动词意享受…乐趣 欣赏喜欢法：
sth （名词代词）
enjoy+ oneself（反身代词）have a good time
doing sth （接ving形式接to do sth）
I enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou 喜欢周杰伦歌
We enjoyed ourselves at the party 昨晚聚会玩高兴
In my class most of the students enjoy singing English songs
班数学生喜欢唱英语歌
拓展
接ving形式作宾语动词：enjoyfinishpracticemind等
5 be sorry to do sth
be sorry to do sth意做某事感遗憾抱歉
I’m sorry to trouble you 抱歉扰
拓展
to do sth 做…感遗憾
be sorry+ about sth 某事感遗憾
for sb 某感遗憾
I’m sorry for the matter 件事感悔
I’m sorry for being late 迟感抱歉
6be stressed out 意压力紧张
stressed动词stress词尾加ed构成形容词处out做副词意彻底完全表示程度
Don’t be stressed out when you have a test 考试时压力
I am really stressed out 真压力太
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation
词组
babysit one’s sister 顾妹妹 visit one’s grandmother 奶奶
spend time with friends 朋友起度时光
visit cousins 表弟等 go to sports camp 运动野营
go to the beach 海滩 go camping 野营
go shopping 买东西 go swimming 游泳
go boating划船 go skating 溜冰
go walking散步 go climbing 登山
go dancing跳舞 go hiking 徒步远足
go sightseeing 观光 go househunting 找房子
go on a hike 徒步旅行 go bike riding 骑行车旅行
go fishing 钓鱼 do some shopping 买东西
do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 作饭
do some reading 读书 do some speaking 训练口语
do some sewing 做缝纫活 that sounds nice 极
at home 家 how aboutwhat about…样？
how long 长时间 how far 远
how often 长时间次 how muchhow many 少
get backcome back 回 rent videos租影碟
take walksgo for a walk 散步 think about 考虑
decide on decide upon 决定计划 something different 事情
a great vacation 愉快假期 I can’t wait 等
forget to do sth 忘记做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做某事
the famous movie star 著名影星
an exciting vacation 激动心假期
ask her about her plans 询问计划
ask sb about sth 某询问某事
have a good time have fun have a wonderful time enjoy oneself
玩高兴愉快
show sb sthshow sth to sb出示某物某
give me the bookgive the book to me 书
pass me the cuppass the cup to me 杯子递
sell me the housesell the house to me 房子卖
buy me a book buy a book for me 买书
make me a cakemake a cake for me 做蛋糕
二词汇精讲
1 sound
（1）sound作系动词接形容词作表语接介词like构成sound like表示听起…
The song sounds wonderful 首歌听起太精彩
That sounds like a good idea 听起意
（2）sound作名词意声音响声
At midnight he heard a strange sound 半夜里听种奇怪声音
拓展
（1）soundvoicenoise辨析：
sound指动物发出声音物体碰撞声音词范围说然声音sound
Light travels much faster than sound 光传播速度声音快
noise意噪音喧闹声常指悦耳谐嘈杂声
Don’t make any noise 吵闹
The noise wakes me up 噪音吵醒
voice般指声音说话唱歌谈笑voicesoundnoise仅指声音表示动物发出声音voice时指鸟声音外少表示动物声音
The girl has a beautiful voice 女孩嗓音美
They are talking in low voices 正声交谈
When the teacher came into the classroomour monitor spoke in a loud voiceStand up 老师走进教室时班长声喊：起立
（2）soundhearlisten辨析：
sound系动词接形容词表示听起hear物动词表示听结果listen物动词接宾语时加to表示听动作
He listened carefully but he heard nothing 仔细听什没听
Look He is listening to the music there 正里听音乐
2 send
send物动词意寄发送式分词sent接双宾语send sb sthsend sth to sb
He sent me a postcard He sent a postcard to me 寄张明信片
拓展 动词接双宾语时两种结构：
① 动词+间接宾语(sb)+ 直接宾语(sth)
② 动词+直接宾语(sth)+ 介词(forto)+ 间接宾语(sb)
接双宾语动词分两类：
① 常介词to动词：sendgiveshowbringteachtell等
give sb sth give sth to sb
show sb sth show sth to sb
② 常介词for动词：buysingmakecookget等
buy sb sth buy sth for sb
make sb sth make sth for sb
3 plan
（1）作数名词意计划方案
What are your plans 计划什？
Make a plan for study please 请制定学计划
（2）作动词意计划算现分词planning式分词planned
常plan to do sth计划干某事结构中
They are planning to go hiking this weekend
正计划周末远足事
4 forget
forget物动词意忘记remember意思相反式forgot分词forgotforgotten
I hardly forgot his name 没忘记名字
forget接动词定式构成forget to do sth结构接动名词构成forget doing sth结构二者意义区：
forget to do sth表示忘记做某事事情没做forget doing sth表示忘记做某事事情已做
Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave 离开时忘记关灯
He forgot going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old
忘记五岁时父母海
拓展
类似forget动词：
remember to do sth 记做某事
doing sth 记做某事
try to do sth 力做某事
doing sth 尝试做某事
stop to do sth 停（件事）做件事
doing sth 停止做某事
5 leave
leave动词意离开相go away瞬间动词段时间连
He left Beijing yesterday 昨天离开北京
拓展
（1）leaveleave for辨析：
leave swh意离开某leave for swh意前某某 leave swh for swh意离开某某
When is the train leaving 火车什时候离开？
Mr Smith is leaving for Paris next month 史密斯先生月前巴黎
（2）leaveforget辨析：
leave意忘记留时指某物遗忘某方常接表示点词语
forget意忘记遗忘时表示点词语连
He left his schoolbag at home 书包忘家里
He forgot his schoolbag this morning 天午忘记带书包
6 famous
famous形容词意著名名出名句中作定语表语
Yao Ming is a famous basketball player 姚明位著名篮球运动员
常见搭配：be famous asbe famous for等
拓展
be famous forbe famous as辨析：
be famous for意…著名for接著名原
be famous as意作…著名as接身份职业名词
China is famous for the Great Wall 中国长城闻名
Lu Xun is very famous as a writer 鲁迅作名作家著名
7 think about
think about动词+介词动词短语意考虑思考面接名词代词动名词作宾语
He is thinking about what I said 正考虑说话
拓展
think aboutthink ofthink overthink out辨析：
（1）think about指方面思考常搭配：
think about+sth (名词代词)
think about doing sth
think about+疑问代词副词+to do sth
She is thinking about changing her job 正考虑换工作
（2）think of意想起记起考虑认动介结构
I can’t think of his name at the moment 时想起名字
（3）think over着重仔细考虑反复考虑动副结构常搭配：
think over+名词
think+代词+over
think over+what等引导句
It’s a difficult problem I must think it over
道难题仔细思考思考
（4）think out意想出动副结构代词需放中间
At last he thought out the maths problem 想出道数学题
注意：（1）think aboutthink of均动介结构表示考虑认般互换
（2）考虑某事计划等否行时think of
（3）think of表示关心想出记想念时think about
8 something different
something different意事情形容词different作置定语修饰定代词something形容词修饰定代词常放定代词形容词作定代词置定语
There is nothing new in today’s newspaper
天报纸没什新鲜事
Do you have anything important to tell me
什重事情告诉？
He heard something interesting outside today
天外边听趣事
拓展
（1）定代词作语时相第三称单数
Something is wrong 某东西问题
（2）常见定代词：anythingnothingsomebodysomeoneanybodynobodyno one等
三句式精讲
1 How about…
how about意…样？about介词面接名词代词动名词：
how about+sbsth (接表示物名词代词)
how about+doing sth
How about sitting in the garden 花园里坐坐样？
I’m going to the park How about you 公园呢？
How about your exam last week Tom Tom周考试样？
拓展
how aboutwhat about通常互换接名词代词动名词接动词定式动词原形
2 finish doing
finish意完成结束作物动词时名词代词动名词 ：finish sthfinish doing sth
I finished my homework this morning 天午做完作业
When did you finish drawing the picture 什时候画完副画？
拓展
接ving作宾语动词：practiceenjoymindkeep等
practice doing sth 练做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事 keep doing sth 直做某事
3 spend…doingon sth
spend动词意花费(时间金钱)式spent
spend+ 时间金钱+(in) doing sth 花费时间金钱做某事
时间金钱+on sth 花费时间金钱某物
I spend two hours in reading every day 天花两时阅读
He spends 20 yuan on books every month 月花20元买书
4 decide on sth
decide动词意决定选定名词decision
decide on…意…决定决定接名词代词动名词作宾语
I decided on going to Beijing at last 决定北京
My mother decided on the red dress 妈妈决定买件红色裙子
拓展
decide法：
（1）decide sth
I can’t decide anything at the moment 现做出决定
（2）decide to do sth 决定做某事
We decide to go to Paris next month 决定月巴黎
5 ask sb about sth
ask sb about sth意询问某关某事某听某事
My father often calls me up and asks me about my study
爸爸常电话询问学情况
拓展
ask关搭配：
（1）ask sb sth 问某某事
Can I ask you some questions 问问题？
（2）ask sb to do sth某做某事否定形式ask sb not to do sth某做某事
I often ask him to help me with my housework 常帮助做家务
My mother asked me not to read in the sun 妈妈太阳书
（3）ask for sth请求某事某物相want sth
Please ask for help if you have some problems果问题请寻求帮助
（4）ask sb for sth某某物
If you don’t find the way to the school please ask a policeman for help
果找学校路请警察求助
6take sth with sb意身携带某物
You must take the food with you 必须带食物
Take an umbrella with you before going out 出门前身带伞
Unit 4 How do you get to school
词组
get to school 校 get home 家
how aboutwhat about …样？ take the subway 铁
ride a bike 骑行车 take the bus公汽车
take the train火车 take a taxi坐出租车
go in a parent’s car 坐父母车 the early bus 早班车
have a quick breakfast 迅速吃早饭
how far 远 take sb to sp 带某某处
bus stop 公汽车站 train station 火车站
subway station 铁站 bus station 客运站
want to do sth 想做某事 walk to school 步行学
in North America 北美 in other parts of the world 世界区
not all need to do sth 需做某事
number of students 学生数 the number of…数量谓语单数
a number ofmany许 number前largegreatsmall修饰谓语复数
by bikebussubwaytaxicartrain (坐……车放句尾)
depend ondepend upon ……决定
don’t worry(about sthsb) 着急（某事担心）
around the world all over the world 世界全世界
doing sth takes sb some time moneyIt takes sb some timemoney to do sth
sb spends dome timemoney (on sth)
sb spends some timemoney (in) doing sthsth costs sb some timemoney
sb pay some money for sth
花费某少时间金钱做某事某花费少金钱时间做某事
二词汇精讲
1 get to
get to 意达…接表示点副词(heretherehome等)时介词to省略
They’ll get to Beijing at six tonight 晚六点达北京
I’ll get there on time 会时达里
拓展
表示达词汇arrive in(at)reach
get toarrive inreach辨析：
注意：（1）arrive达物动词接表示点副词时arrivearrive in接表示范围较点名词(countrycity等)arrive at接点(schoolhotelstop)等
（2）reach物动词直接接宾语
He arrives at school at eight every morning 天早八点达学校
Her father arrived in Shanghai yesterday 父亲昨天达海
I’ll call you as soon as I reach New York 达纽约电话
2 other
other形容词意接数名词
I’m afraid there are other ways of solving this problem
恐怕解决问题方法
拓展
othersthe otheranotherthe others辨析：
（1）others相other+数名词复数形式代词指物相复数名词
Some people enjoy exerciseothers don’t
喜欢运动喜欢
（2）the others表示特定范围全部表示特指意余
（3）the other意两事物中表示特指通常one搭配构成one…the other…意……
Miss Gao has a book in one hand and a pen in the other
高老师手书手钢笔
（4）another通常单数名词泛指单数名词意确定数目中
Please show me another (one) 请
外another作外讲时修饰数名词复数时名词前常具体数词修饰another+数词+复数名词
We have another five friends to meet 五位朋友见
3 depend on
depend on意视…定取决名词代词句作宾语on换upon
— When shall we start 什时候动身？
— It depends on(upon)the weather 天气情况定
He depended on his uncle after his father died
父亲世叔叔
4 a number of
a number of 意许面接数名词复数形式谓语动词复数形式
number前面largegreatsmall等修饰构成a large number ofa small number of等
I have a number of letters to write 许信件写
A large number of students in our school are from the countryside
学校许学生农村
A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday
昨天班部分学生游泳
拓展the number of意…数量接数名词复数谓语动词单数形式
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English 说汉语数说英语数
5 ill
ill形容词意生病身体适通常句中作表语补语作定语
He was ill in bed yesterday 昨天生病卧床
拓展
（1）形容词ill表示邪恶恶意相bad时作定语
The little girl cried loudly when she heard the ill news
女孩听幸消息时放声哭
（2）illsick辨析：
ill作生病讲时作表语sick意生病恶心时作定语作表语
The boy doesn’t like to eat anything He can be ill
男孩愿意吃东西病
Lucy’s mother is sickill in hospital Lucy妈妈生病住院
She’ll visit her sick mother after school 放学生病妈妈
6 hundred
hundred数词意百表示具体百时基数词+hundred注意加s
There are nine hundred students in our school 学校900名学生
拓展
（1）hundreds of 表示数百成百千时hundred加s面介词of数词连
There are hundreds of people in the restaurant 餐馆里成百千
（2）表示数词thousand千million百万billion十亿法hundred样表示约数确数
7 also
also意肯定句中置be动词助动词情态动词行动词前
He can also play the piano 会弹钢琴
拓展
（1）too意思too肯定句置句末前逗号隔开
Jack is a worker too Jack工
（2）either表示时否定句置句末前逗号隔开
He can’t swim I can’t swim either 会游泳会
8 must
must情态动词意定加动词原形表示十分肯定推测
That man must be a teacher 定位老师
He must have a younger sister 定妹妹
拓展
表示推测判断时may+动词原形意许性must表示否定推测时须can’t+动词原形意…mustn’t+动词原形
I think you may be right 想许正确
He can’t forget my name 忘记名字
9 worry
（1）worry作物动词物动词
作物动词时意烦恼担忧 作物动词时意发愁担心烦恼常介词about连
What’s worrying you 什事烦恼？
Don’t worry about me 担心
（2）worry作名词作数名词作数名词
Her face showed signs of worry 脸显出担忧神情
I have a lot of worries 担心
（3）worry分词worried相形容词意担心烦恼常belookfeel等系动词连be worried about意…担心
She is worried about her sick mother 担心生病母亲
三句式精讲
1 It takes sb some time to do sth
It takes sb some time to do sth固定句型意做某事需花费某长时间take意花费it形式语真正语面定式to do sth时间提问时How long does it take
It took me half an hour to finish the work 完成项工作花半时
How long does it take you from your home to school
学校家花长时间？
拓展
表示花费spendtakecostpay辨析：
词语
语
结构
spend
(sb)
sb spends+时间金钱+ (in)doing sth on sth
take
it作形式语
It takes sb some time to do sth(真正语)
pay
(sb)
sb pays+金钱+ for sth
cost
sth(物)
sth costs sb+金钱
I spent 3 hours (in)doingon my homework yesterday
昨天花三时做作业
It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus
公汽车武汉花四时
I paid six yuan for the pen 花六元钱买支笔
My English book cost me five yuan 英语书花五元钱
2 how引导特殊疑问句
（1）how询问动作执行方式手段等意样
— How does your father go to work 父亲样班？
— On foot 步行
（2）how询问动作执行程度意样
— How do you like China 觉中国样？
— Very much 非常喜欢
（3）how询问身体健康状况
— How are your parents 父母身体样？
— Fine Thank you 谢谢
（4）第次见面问候语
How do you do
（5）how about提建议
How about going shopping this weekend 周末购物样？
（6）how much询问价格意少钱
How much is this Tshirt 件T恤少钱？
（7）how much接数名词询问数量意少…
How much water does a person need every day 天需少水？
（8）how many接数名词复数形式询问数量意少…
How many students are there in your class 班少学生？
（9）how old询问年龄
How old are you ？
（10）how 询问天气
How is the weather 天气样？
（11）how far 询问距离意远答语表示距离词语
具体数字时应away from连表示具体距离计量口语中away省 没具体数字时应farnear作答
How far is it from your school to the cinema
学校电影院远？
It’s very far 远
It is 380000 kilometres away from the earth球月球380000公里
（12）how often询问某动作行状态发生频率
How often do you watch TV 久次电视？
（13）how soon询问时间意久
How soon will she come back？ 久回？
（14）how 引导感叹句
How interesting the book is 书趣啊
3 not all …
not all…表示部分否定意……句子中出现alleverybothalways等词时not语中谓语部分里表示部分否定
Not all that glitters is gold 发光金子
Not all answers are right All answers aren’t right
答案正确
拓展
表示全部否定时none代alleveryneithernor代bothnever代always
Not all soccer players are tall 足球运动员高
None of the soccer players are tall 足球运动员高
Not both his parents are teachers 父母亲非老师
Neither of his parents is teacher 父母亲老师
Not every child likes basketball 孩子喜欢篮球
None of the children likes basketball 孩子喜欢篮球
4 a lot more…than
a lot结构中副词短语意…修饰形容词较级类似词even甚much…等修饰形容词副词较级外a little意点修饰形容词副词原级修饰较级
He eats a lot more today 天吃更
The boy is a little shorter than you 男孩矮点
5 表示…种表达方式
I介词短语表示交通方式介词短语句中作状语：
（1）by+交通工具名词表示交通方式
by bike 骑行车 by car 汽车
by bus 公汽车 by taxi 出租车
（2）by+交通路线位置表示交通方式
by water 水路 by land 陆路
by sea 海路 by air 飞机
（3）inon+冠词形容词性物代词指示代词+交通工具名词表示交通方式
中incar等交通工具前onbikehorsebustrainship等交通工具前法by+交通工具名词法相
She often goes to school on aher bikeShe often goes to school by bike
常骑行车学
They went there on a bus They went there by bus
公汽车里
（4）on foot步行on foot固定搭配表示步行中foot复数形式feet前加修饰词
She often goes to school on foot 常步行学
II动词短语表示交通方式动词短语句中作谓语：
（1）take+athe+交通工具名词表示交通方式
take a train火车 take a bus公汽车 take a ship船
take a plane飞机
注意： 骑行车翻译ride a bike
（2）某动词表示交通方式
walk to步行 drive to开车 ride to骑车马
注意：果接点副词here there home时介词to应该省略
take the busby buson a bus
Unit 5 Can you come to my party
词组
I’d love to 非常乐意 I’m sorry 起
study for a test测验学 go to the doctor 医生
visit one’s aunt 某姑姑 have a piano lesson 堂钢琴课
too much homework 太家庭作业 much too interesting 趣
Birthday Party 生日聚会 go to the mall 购物中心
soccer practice 足球练 look for 寻找
find out 找弄清楚查明 write soon 快回信
football match足球赛 culture club 文化俱乐部
try to do sth 努力（企图）做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事
try one’ best to do sth 力做某事 on Thursday night 星期四晚
be (go) on vacation 度假 next week 周
join sb 加入某起 studu for the math test 数学考试学
go to one’s guitar lesson 吉课 maybe another time 许次吧
Thanks for asking(inviting) 谢谢邀请 go to the baseball game 参加棒球赛
come to one’s party 参加某聚会 on Saturday afternoon 星期六午
play tennis with me 起网球 I have a really busy week 周忙
my cousin’s birthday party 表弟生日聚会
study for my science test 科学考试学
Please keep quiet 请保持安静 keep+形容词表示保持某种状态
keep+(sb)+doing 表示（某）停做某事
keep sth 保存某物
二词汇精讲
1 sure
sure常口语中说话较握肯定回答意然愿意相certainlyyes
— May I use your pen 钢笔？
— Sure 然
拓展
sure法：
（1）祈句Be sure+定式表达说话方提出求意务必千万
Be sure to give it back in time 务必时
（2）be sure+定式意定肯定表示说话种推测判断语物
It’s sure to rain tomorrow 明天定会雨
（3）be sure ofabout表示语相信…握接名词代词动词ing形式语必须
He is sure of success He is sure that he will succeed 信会取成功
（4）be sure+句表示肯定握句语必须
I’m sure who he is 知道谁
2 情态动词can 法
can常情态动词接动词原形否定形式can’t
（1）can表示力做够发生会意思
I can run fast 跑快
She can speak Japanese 会说日语
注意：can表示力时be able to互换be able to 更时态常表示can表示时完成时
They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months
三月操作台机器
（2）can表示允许意
Can I read your newspaper 报纸？
You can put your bike here 行车放里
（3）can疑问否定感叹句中意会
This can’t be true 真
Today is Sunday He can’t be at school 天周日学
（4）can 表示性意
Our classroom can seat 50 students 教室坐50名学生
3 have to
have to意必须表示客观情况求某必须做某事称时态变化接动词原形
She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home
天身体太家里
You don’t have to tell me this 必告诉件事
Do you have to do everything 什事做？
She doesn’t have to come this afternoon 天午必
拓展
musthave to辨析：
have to侧重客观需含迫意种时态形式否定式don’t have to意必
must侧重说话者观法认必义务做某事现时种形式(宾语句中表示)否定式mustn’t 意定允许
You must do your homework first 必须先做作业
It’s raining I have to stay at home 正雨家里
口诀：观职责说必须must赶紧环境赶紧换have to
4 join
join动词意参加加入宾语种形式：
（1）join+表示团体组织名词join意加入(某团体)成…(成员)
Yao Ming joined the NBA 姚明加入NBA
（2）join+指名词代词join意加入…中
Will you join us for lunch 起吃午饭？
（3）join+in+活动类名词join in意参加(活动)
Can you join in the game 参加游戏？
拓展
joinjoin intake part in 辨析：
（1）join指加入某派某组织某社会团体参军等成中员
（2）join in指参加某项赛活动常口语中join sb in (doing)sth意加入…(做)…
（3）take part in指参加群众性活动会议劳动游行等指参加者持积极态度起定作时join in互换
I joined the army in 1996 1996年参军
I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill
没参加昨天运动会病
May I join in the football match 参加场足球赛？
5 call
call意…电话
I called my mother just now 刚妈妈电话
拓展
（1）某电话表达方式：
callringphonetelephone sb
callringphone sb up
give sb a callring
make a telephonephone call to sb
（2）call法：
1）call意喊动词
Why didn’t you come out when I called your name
喊名字时候什出？
2）call意…取名称呼动词
Don’t call me Lucy I’m Lily we are twins
LucyLily双胞胎
3）call on sb意拜访某
He wasn’t in when I called on him yesterday
昨天拜访时候家
4）call at some place意某拜访
Let’s call at John’s house 约翰家吧
6 keep quiet
keep系动词意保持某种状态接形容词作表语
My mother keeps busy all day 妈妈整天忙
拓展
（1）keep sth意保存某物保某物
How long can I keep the book 书长时间？
（2）keep+名词 代词+ 形容词意…保持某种状态
Keep the door open please 请门开着
（3）keep sb doing sth(某)停做某事
I’m sorry for keeping you waiting for so long 起久等
7 match
（1）match数名词意赛火柴复数形式matches
Who won the football match 谁赢场足球赛？
Here is a box of matches for lighting the fire里盒火柴点火
（2）match作动词意…较量相配…相匹配
Match the words with the pictures 词语图片搭配起
Match yourself against experts in the competition
次赛中专家较量吧
8 whole & all
wholeall作形容词整完全意法
all the familythe whole family
（1）whole全部全体：
1）表示整体单数名词前限定词：限定词+whole+单数名词
the whole year
2）接复数名词：限定词+ whole+of+复数名词
the whole of students
3）whole修饰数名词物质名词说the whole water
（2）all全：
1）表示整体单数名词限定词前all+限定词+单数名词
all the year
2）接复数名词all+限定词+复数名词
all the students
3）all 种情况
all the water 水
注意：wholeall复数名词连时whole强调完整整体all强调
It snowed for fifteen whole days this January天月整整十五天雪
I’m glad that all my friends can come to my birthday party
高兴朋友参加生日聚会
9 come over to
come over to动词+副词+介词结构意便拜访…相call on drop in
They will come over to my home for dinner tonight
晚家吃饭
拓展
come over to作走走表示远处意
He came over to me and shook my hand 走握手
三句式精讲
1 发出邀请请求征求意见时常表达
（1）Would you like… 想愿意…？接名词代词动词定式提出建议发出邀请
Would you like some orange (接名词)橘汁？
Would you like to play basketball with us
(接动词定式)愿意起篮球？
（2）WillWouldCould you please… 请…？接动词原形中wouldcould 式表示语气更加婉转句提出建议请求邀请
Will Would Could you please help me sweep the floor
请帮扫？
（3）Shall we… …？shall 情态动词接动词原形句征求方意见
Shall we have a picnic together 起野餐？
（4）Let’s …意…吧let接动词原形作宾语补足语句提出建议征求方意见
Let’s go to the mountains and camp there 山里露营吧
（5）How What about…意…样？about介词接名词代词动名词句提出建议征求方意见
HowWhat about taking the subway 铁样？
2 I’d love to
I’d love toI would love to…缩写意I would like to…相均表示想…would love like 接名词动词定式掉would表示喜欢…接名词动词定式动名词
注意：I’d love like toto省略
— Would you love to go to the movies with me
愿意起电影？
— Yes I’d love to 愿意
— Can you come to my birthday party 参加生日聚会？
— Sure I’d love like to 然愿意
拓展
英语中动词动词定式省略时省略to词：expecthopewishpreferwanttry等
I haven’t been to Hong Kong but I wish to 没香港想
3 What’s today
What’s today提问星期日期意天号星期？回答时通常星期日期
— What’s today 天号星期？
— It’s Monday the sixth 天六号星期
拓展
（1）What day is it today 询问天星期？
— What day is it day 天星期？
— It’s Tuesday 周二
（2）What’s the date today 询问天月日？
— What’s the date today 天月日？
— It’s October the ninth 天10月9日
4 why not…
why not作省略句省略前文出现容why not+动词原形表示提出建议意什…
— I can’t go out tonight 晚出
— Why not 什呢？
— Why not go out for a walk Why don’t you go out for a walk
出散步呢？
5 Thanks for doing sth
Thanks for doing sth意…感谢说明感谢原接名词代词动词ing形式
Thanks for helping me Thanks for your help 谢谢帮助
拓展
thanks forthanks to辨析：
thanks for接名词动名词意…感谢thanks to意亏句中充介词成分接名词代词动名词短语相because of
Thanks to your help we finish it 亏帮助完成
Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister
词组
long hair 长头发 How are you 身体？
how old 年纪 how tall 高
how long ago久前（事） more outgoing 较外
wantplan to do sth 意欲企图 here are photos of me 片
as you can see 正 in some ways 某方面
we look the same 起样 They look different 起
the same to ……样 quite the same 完全样
all the same 样应… begin with ……开始
look like 起…样look same 起
go to lots of partiesoften go to the party 常参加聚会
a little taller 高点 take sth from sth 某处取出某物
put sth in sth 某物放入某物中 make a list of 列出清单
has cool clothes 漂亮衣服 is popular in school 学校受欢迎
is good at sports 擅长体育 make me laugh 发笑
that’s not very important for me 说重 (be important for sb)
put up 举起抬起挂起张贴建造
put on 穿戴演（戏剧）
put downwrite downcopy down 写
put out 伸出扑灭 put away 收起收
put off推迟 opposite views 相反观点
put one’s heart into…全神贯注……全身心投入……
a weekend teacher 周末教师 Abacus Study Center 珠算研究中心
elementary school students 学生 be good with children 善孩子相处
have good grades 成绩出色 enjoy telling jokes 喜欢讲笑话
can’t stop talking 停止讲话 help others 帮助
help each other互相帮助 in one’s free time 业余时间
one of +复数名词（代词） …中
use sth to do sthdo sth with sth …做…
befeel sorry for sb 某事感情难受
befeel sorry for sth 某事感抱歉悔
be sorry +to seehear 听某种情况安难
say sorry to sb 某道歉 next to …旁边紧…
all together 总计总 be famous as 作……知名
be famous for …著名……广知
make sb do sth 某做某事相似法感官动词seelethearwatchfeel等
二词汇精讲
1 heavy & thin
组意义相反形容词描述体型heavy意胖笨重较级形式heavierthin意瘦较级形式thinner
He is very heavy but his brother is thin 胖哥哥瘦
拓展
heavy意重剧烈等
heavy rainsnowsmoker 雨雪浓烟
heavy smokerdrinkereater 烟瘾酒瘾食量
have a heavy cold 患重感
heavy(busy)traffic 交通拥挤
2 quiet & outgoing
quiet形容词意安静文静作定语表语反义词outgoingoutgoing意外友擅交际较级more outgoing
They walked to a quiet place 安静方走
You have a cold so you must keep quiet at home
感必须家静养
He is more outgoing than me 说会道
拓展
calmstillquietsilent辨析：
calm
镇静静
指受干扰时宁静静指时表示沉着镇定
still
动静止
指物理安静状态
quiet
安静静止
指寂静状态没吵闹骚乱指表示娴静文静
silent
沉默言
指指发出声音说话强调声状态
When we face danger we should keep calm
面危险应该保持沉着冷静
The baby kept still when she was taking photos
婴拍时动动
Be quiet everyone The teacher is coming 学安静老师
We shouldn’t keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions
老师问问题时应该保持沉默
注意：quiet意安静quite意相
3 serious
serious形容词意严肃认真严重危险较级more serious常搭配：be serious about意…认真
How serious the matter is 问题严重啊
I stopped laughing when I realized he was serious about it
意识开玩笑时笑
4 mean
mean动词法：
（1）意思指接名词动词定式that句
The red light means stop 红灯意思停止
Do you mean that I am too heavy 意思太胖？
（2）算意欲面常接定式
He means to do it well 算件事做
（3）意味着…面常接动名词作宾语
Missing the train means waiting for an hour
赶列火车意味着等时
（4）What does…mean What’s the meaning of… What do you mean by…意…什意思？
5 in some ways
in some ways意某方面某方面言
In some ways the job is difficult 某方面工作难
拓展
in the wayin this wayby the wayon theone’s way to辨析：
词组
法
in the way
挡道
by the way
便说句中作插入语逗号隔开
on theone’s way to
…路to接点
in this way
种方法(方式)
6 both
（1）代词意两者双方两
Both of the flowers are very beautiful The flowers are both very beautiful
两朵花漂亮
（2）形容词意两者双方
She wants both dictionaries 两字典想
Both the answers are wrong 两答案错
（3）副词意两者两者常行动词前be动词助动词情态动词
They can both dance 俩会跳舞
（4）both…and意…………连接两列成分连接列语时 谓语动词应该复数形式
Both you and your sister like it very much 姐姐非常喜欢
拓展
（1）both否定句时表示非两者…
I don’t like both the sweaters 两件毛衣喜欢
（2）both…and…否定形式neither…nor…意……
He can speak neither French nor English 会法语会英语
7 interest
（1）interest作名词意兴趣爱常表达：
takeshow an interest in …感兴趣
have an interest in …兴趣
lose an interest in …失兴趣
find (no)interest in 发觉…(没)兴趣
The boy takes an interest in singing 男孩唱歌感兴趣
My sister found no interest in studying 妹妹学没兴趣
（2）interest做动词意…感兴趣
He interested me in outdoor sports 户外运动产生兴趣
拓展 interestinterestinginterested辨析：
interest
名词动词
兴趣爱…感兴趣
interesting
形容词
趣令感兴趣修饰物
interested
形容词
修饰常be interested in…感兴趣
The film is interesting 部电影引入胜
The little girl is interested in books 女孩书感兴趣
8 though
（1）though作连词意然然放句开头中间均
Though it was raining we were still working
然着雨然坚持工作
（2）though作副词意然般放句末
It was impossible for him to do so much homework He finished it though
完成作业然做完
拓展
（1）thoughalthough辨析：
1）两者作连词意义相although常放句开头位置句中间
though放句开头中间均
Although they are poor they are happyThough they are poorthey are happy Poor though they are they are happy 然穷快乐
2）although作连词though作连词作副词
（2）常搭配：
as though even though
注意：althoughthoughbut连二者
9 beat
beat物动词法：
（1）意赢败战胜接某团队组织等式beat
I beat him at long jump yesterday 昨天跳远赢
（2）意击表示连续断击
Who is beating the drum 谁鼓？
（3）表示(心脏)等跳动
I feel my heart is beating fast 觉心脏剧烈跳动
拓展
beatwin赢意思法：
beat宾语相团体组织win宾语赛某项目式won
Though we were weak we beat them 然弱赢
Who win the first prize in the competition 谁赛中赢等奖？
10 and & or
（1）列举成分语否定词前and连接列举成分否定词时or构成完全否定
I can’t sing or dance 会唱歌会跳舞
Lily and Lucy can’t speak Chinese LilyLucy会说汉语
（2）否定句中果连接两部分否定词andor
There is no water and no air on the moon 月球没水空气
（3）否定句中without列举成分and连接构成完全否定肯定句中without列举成分or连接构成完全否定
Man can’t live without air and water Man will die without air or water
没水空气生存
三句式精讲
1 as you can see…
as you can see意正as关系代词意(正)…样引导状语句
As you know we are the same age 正知年龄相仿
As you say he is a bad boy 正说坏男孩
2 more than one
（1）more than one+单数名词意止…结构作语时谓语动词第三称单数形式
More than one boy knows how to play the computer games
止男孩知道样玩电脑游戏
What he said makes us happy 说话高兴
Don’t keep the door open 门开着
We made John our monitor 选约翰班长
（2）more+复数名词+than one意止…结构作语时谓语动词复数形式
More students than one do well in maths 止学生擅长数学
拓展
（1）more than意超相over
His father is more than 50 years old 父亲50岁
（2）more than意仅no more than仅仅相
She is more than a teacher She is also a sister
仅位老师姐姐
（3）more…than…意…
There are more boys than girls in my class 班男孩女孩
（4）more than反义词less than意…少…
My home is less than three miles from here 家离里三英里远
3 make sb do sth
make 处役动词接省略to动词定式make sb do sth意某做某事类似动词lethave等
The boss made them work for long time 老板长时间工作
They made us forget past 忘记
拓展
make作…讲时make+ 宾语+形容词名词(作宾补)make sbsth+adjn类似词keep等
As you know we are the same age 正知年龄相仿
As you say he is a bad boy 正说坏男孩
4 do you think…
do you think般作插入语位置较灵活放句首句中句尾句尾时常逗号隔开句首时陈述句语序
When do you think he will come Do you think when he will come When he will come do you think 认什时候回？
5 stop doing sth
stop doing sth意停止做某事
He stopped watching TV and began to read English
电视开始读英语
拓展
stop接动词定式stop to do sth意停原做事做件事
He watched TV for an hour At 8 he stopped to do his homework
时电视八点钟停(电视)做作业
Unit 6——形容词副词较级法
I 形容词副词较级构成
绝数形容词副词三等级：原级较级高级原级原形较级表示较…更…等意思较级构成规规两种
形容词副词较级规变化：
构成方法
原级
较级
单音
节词
部
分双
音节
词
音
节词
般单音节词词尾加er
tall
great
taller
greater
发音e结尾单音节词少数le结尾双音节词词尾加r
nice
large
nicer
larger
辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词双写结尾辅音字母加er
big
hot
bigger
hotter
辅音字母＋y结尾双音节词改yi加er
easy
busy
easier
busier
双音节词音节词前面加more构成较级
important
more important
规变化
goodwell
badbadlyill
muchmany
little
old
far
better
worse
more
less
olderelder
fartherfurther
II 较级句型
1 较级＋than：……较…：A ＋动词＋形容词副词较级＋than＋B两者相较AB更…
His brother is younger than I(me) 弟弟年轻
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan 北京武汉更漂亮
注意：较级前时加状语much a lot a little still even等示强调加强语气
This box is a little heavier than yours 箱子稍重
This movie is much more interesting than that one
部影片部趣
2 as as：……相 ：A+动词+as+形容词副词原级+as+B表示AB两者较程度相……相
My uncle is as tall as your father 叔叔父亲样高
My dog is as old as that one 狗狗样
3 A＋not＋as＋形容词副词原级＋as＋B 表示AB两者程度AB…
My uncle is not as tall as your father 叔叔父亲高
Tom is not as honest as John 汤姆约翰诚实
He can’t run as so fast as you 没跑快
4 较级+ and+较级more and more+原级(音节词部分双音节词)意越越…
Our city is more and more beautiful 城市越越美丽
More and more countries begin to save the financial crisis
越越国家开始拯救金融危机
5 the+较级the+较级意越…越…
The more you read the more you know 书读越知道越
III够修饰较级词
够修饰较级词：mucha littlea bita lotevena great dealstill等
My brother is much taller than me 哥哥高
IV需注意点
1 较级of the two…类词语时较级前加定冠词the
Lucy is the taller of the twins Lucy双胞胎中较高
2 果面接名词时much more+数名词many more+数名词复数
You have much more confidence 更信心
Some students are against the plan but many more support it
学反项计划更支持
3 old较级形式olderelderelder兄弟姐妹长幼关系
My elder brother is a famous artist 哥哥位名艺术家
4 far较级形式fartherfurther般farther表示距离further表示更进步
I have nothing further to say 没什说
Review of Units 16
词汇精讲
1 fewa fewlittlea little辨析
（1）修饰名词：(a)few接数名词复数形式(a)little接数名词
We had little time to do it． 没什时间做事
There’s only a little soup left． 剩点汤
He has few friends． 没朋友
I’ll only be away a few minutes． 离开分钟
（2）a没a区：littlefew含否定意义表示数量少没强调少a littlea few含肯定意义表示数量然少毕竟强调
Few people like such things 没什喜欢样东西
A few people like such things 喜欢样东西
He knows little English． 懂英语
He knows a little English． 懂点英语
（3）little表示：
Please accept this little gift 请接受件礼物
There is a little sheep on the hill 山绵羊
（4）(a)little作副词修饰形容词副词动词介词短语
He is a little tired． 点累
They are a little bit better now 现稍点
You should walk a little faster 应该走快点
She was only a little over fifty years old 五十点
2 how longhow oftenhow soon
（1）how long意长时间时间段进行提问现完成时中常见答语for+时间段since构成短语等
— How long have you known her 认识久？
— For about five years 约5年
（2）how often意久次长时间次频率进行提问常见短语usually sometimes never等频度副词once a weektwice a month等表示频度短语
— How often do you visit your mother 长时间妈妈次？
— Once a week 周次
（3）how soon意久久表示句子中某时间段进行提问答语in+时间段
— How soon will he be back 久回？
— In an hour 时
3 believe
（1）接否定宾语句时通常否定转移句
I don’t believe that he will win 相信会赢
I don’t believe she will like the idea 相信会喜欢想法
（2）简略答语中般单独believeI believe soI don’t believe so I believe not
— Do you believe he will come 认会
— No I don’t believe so I believe not 想会
— Shakespeare was born in 1564wasn’t he
莎士亚1564年出生吧
— I believe so 想
（3）较believe sbbelieve in sb：前者指相信某话(believe what one says)者指信某( trust sb)
I can believe him but I cannot believe in him
相信说话真相信
4otherthe otheranother辨析
（1）other表示泛指没特定范围作形容词作代词复数形式others常some连
He is a good boy he always helps other people
男孩总帮助
（2）the other意表示特指般两者间常句型：one…the other…意……
She has two sons one is a teacher the other is a doctor
两子老师医生
（3）another泛指三者三者意
Would you like another glass of milk？ 杯牛奶？
5 a number ofthe number of辨析
（1）a number of表示许面接数名词复数相many作语时语numberof面复数名词谓语动词应该复数形式number前面largegreatsmall等修饰增强降低数量程度little修饰：
I have a number of letters to write 许信件写
A number of students in our school are from the countryside
学校许学生农村
A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday
昨天班部分学生游泳
（2）the number of表示…数量面接数名词复数作语时语numberof面复数名词谓语动词应单数形式：
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English 说汉语数说英语数
The number of students in our school is rising year by year
学校学生数量正年年增长
6 too muchtoo manymuch too辨析
三词语区中心词修饰词三者中前词修饰词加强语气词中心词
（1）too many中心词many法many相修饰复数数名词
He’s got too many questions to ask you 问题问
They bought too many eggs yesterday 昨天买太鸡蛋
（2）too much中心词much法much相修饰数名词
We both have too much work to do 俩工作做
She spent too much money on clothes． 花太钱买衣服
外too much作名词性短语作宾语作副词性短语句中作状语修饰动词
You’ve given me too much 太
I have too much to do every day so I am very busy
天事情做忙
（3）much too中心词too法too相修饰形容词副词
You’re walking much too fast Slow down． 走太快慢点
I’m afraid that this cap is much too big for me． 顶帽子戴恐怕太
It’s much too cold outside You’d better put on your overcoat
外面太冷衣穿
7 allwhole
allwhole两者意思样法
（1）all复数名词连时意思单数名词连时整全部意思：
It’s good to see all my teachers and friends again
见老师朋友真太
Must I stay in bed all day 必须整天卧床休息
（2）whole面接单数名词般物质名词连说the whole money应该说all the money(全部钱)：
I told him the whole story 整事告诉
The whole village went out to welcome us 全村出欢迎
值注意allwhole名词短语中位置all冠词代词名词格限定词前whole冠词代词名词格限定词
8 likeas
aslike表示…词性法
（1）like介词面接名词代词程度副词muchvery muchquite等修饰moremost修饰(构成较等级)
My sister isn’t much like me 妹妹太
She wants to be a famous cook like her father when she grows up
希长父亲样名名厨师
（2）as连词接句介词短语
All the six students do as the teacher says
六学生老师说做
The work is not so easy as you imagine工作绝想象简单
as作介词时意作接表示职业职务途作类名词试较：
He works like a worker 工样干活(实际)
He works as a worker 作名工工作(职业工)
I used one of my shoes as a hammer 鞋锤子
二句式精讲
1 help sb (to)do sth
help sb (to)do sth 意帮助某做某事中to省略
Let me help you (to)carry it． 帮扛吧
He often helps me (to)do my homework 常帮助做作业
拓展
（1）help oneselfsb to sth 某取(食物等)
Please help yourself (to some fish) 请便吃(点鱼吧)
（2）can’t help doing sth 情禁做某事
I couldn’t help laughing when I heard the news
听消息禁笑起
（3）help sb with sth 某事帮助某
Can you help me with my math 帮学数学
注意：help作名词时数名词
2 show sb sth
show sb sth意某…
Sir could you show me your ID card
先生身份证
show sb sth show sth to sb
Will you show me your driving license Will you show your driving license to me 出示您驾驶证
拓展
（1）show作动词时表示带某…送某…
You’d better show her around our factory
带工厂
Let me show you to the door 送门口
（2）英语中部分物动词常双宾语根间接宾语移时介词分两类：
1）bringgiveteachtellshowpass(传递)lend(出)等类动词间接宾语移时前加介词to表示动作谁做
He gave me a book He gave a book to me 书
Mr Smith teaches us English Mr Smith teaches English to us
史密斯先生教英语
2）buysingmake(制作)get(取)cookdraw等类动词间接宾语移时前加介词for表示动作谁做
My mother bought me a nice scarf My mother bought a nice scarf for me
妈妈买条围巾
His father made him a big hamburger His father made a big hamburger for him 父亲做汉堡
3 be interested in sth
be interested in sth 意…感兴趣语应该物作定语修饰修饰物
We are interested in music 音乐感兴趣
Lily is interested in swimming 莉莉游泳感兴趣
拓展
（1）interest作名词时意兴趣趣味语物interest作物动词时面宾语意…发生兴趣引起…注意关心语物
I have no interest in math 数学没兴趣
This problem interests him greatly 问题引起极兴趣
I’ll try to interest him in the problem 努力问题感兴趣
（2）interesting意令感兴趣作表语语通常物作定语修饰修饰物
My father bought me an interesting story book yesterday
昨天爸爸买趣事书
He is a most interesting man 趣
They found the film so interesting that they saw it again
发现部电影趣遍
4常见交通方式表达形式
英语中表示交通方式形式总说外两种方式：介词动词表示
介词表示：
（1）by+表示交通工具名词泛指坐某种交通工具中名词前修饰语单数
Travelling by elephant is great fun 骑象旅行趣
类似词组：by car车by plane飞机by ship船by taxi计程车等
（2）inon+表示交通工具名词 泛指特指坐某种交通工具中名词前常冠词物代词指示代词名词格等修饰语名词单数复数
1）bustrainboatplaneship等厢舱名词前inon
We are going there inon a bus 公汽车里(泛指)
Don’t come here on in the ship 坐船里(特指)
2）bikemotorbike前介词on
They go to work on their bikes 骑行车班(特指)
She went out on her new motorbike 骑着新摩托车出(特指)
3）cartaxi前介词in
We are going to France in John’s car坐约翰车法国(特指)
（3）by+表示交通线路交通线路范围名词表示陆路水路空中等线路旅行运输 中名词单数数前修饰语
Shall we go by land or by sea 陆路水路？
It saves a lot of time to travel by air 飞机旅行节省许时间
类似词组：by water水路by road公路by rail铁路等
（4）on+表示动物特定身体部位名词表示步行骑马骆驼中名词foothorseback camelback前修饰语
She usually goes to school on foot 通常步行学
Our friends arrived on horseback 朋友骑马
动词表示：
（1）动词+to+点名词动词+点副词 种动词walk(步行)ride(骑车)drive(开车)fly(飞机)sail(船)等
I usually walk to school 通常步行学
We sometimes ride to school 时骑车学
They drove to the station 开车车站
Jack flew there last Sunday 杰克星期飞机里
We sailed across the Atlantic in five days
船五天时间横渡西洋
（2）take athe+表示交通工具名词表示坐…
Will you take a bus to go there？ 汽车？
I took a taxi to the hospital 坐计程车医院
Tom often takes the train to go to work 汤姆常坐趟火车班
类似表达：take a ship(轮船)take a plane(飞机)等
（3）ride aan+bikemotorbike表示交通工具动物名词表示骑…
I ride a bike to work every day 天天骑行车班
He came here riding a horse an elephant 骑马象里
5 spend … (in) doing sth
spend…(in) doing sth指花钱指花时间spend语必须常spend time\money on sthspend time\money (in)doing sth结构中中in省略
She spent two hours (in)writing the letter 花两时写封信
I spent 25 yuan on the book 花25元买书
拓展（1）cost指花费(金钱)cost语物事结构sth costs (sb)some money
The book cost me 25 yuan 书花25元
The coat cost my mother 200 dollars 件衣花妈妈200美元
（2）take指花费(时间)常结构It takes sb some time to do sthit作形式语真正语面动词定式take语某种活动面接宾语
It took us three days to finish the book 花三天时间完成项工作
The work will take three weeks 项工作花费三星期时间
（3）pay指花费(金钱)pay语通常sb pays some money for sth…付款结构
She paid five yuan for the dictionary 花五元钱买词典
The boss paid Tom for his work last month
月老板Tom工作付出报酬
6询问某职业
What do sb do
What’s sb
What’s one’s job
Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake
词组
make a banana smoothie 制作香蕉混合饮料(思木西)
peel the bananas 剥香蕉 cut up the bananas 切碎香蕉
pour the milk in the blender 牛奶倒入搅拌器
turn on the blender 开搅拌器电源
put the yogurt in the blender 酸奶放入搅拌器
turn off 关 turn down （灯火电器等）关点
turn up 旋（灯火等）开（煤气等）调高（声音等）
how much cinnamon 少肉桂 one teaspoon of cinnamon 茶匙肉桂
make fruit salad 制作水果沙拉 two pieces of bread 两片面包
mix it all up 混合起 turkey slices 火鸡肉片
a slice of bread片面包 slices of duck 烤鸭片
roll pancake 卷薄饼 make faces 作鬼脸
make friends with …交朋友 make a noise 吵闹
make mistakes 犯错误 make the bed 整理床铺
make one’s way to …走 make room for …腾出方
it’s easy to do sth 做某事容易 it’s hard (difficult) to do sth 做某事难
It’s necessary to do sth 做某事必 put sth in order 某东西序排列
a recipe for …烹调方法 …菜谱
takes turns doing sthtake turns to do sthdo sth in turns 轮流做某事
二词汇精讲
1 make
make物动词意制作做接双宾语make sb sthmake sth for sb意某做某物
Lucy made a beautiful card for me Lucy做张漂亮贺卡
拓展
（1）makedo辨析：
makedo实义动词含做…意二者法区：
make强调种原材料制作某种成品努力做成某事
She often makes clothes herself 常做衣服
do通常强调做某件事某项工作等涉动作容做事通称
Students do their homework every day 学生天做作业
（2）make关搭配：
make the bed铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦
make money 赚钱 make a telephone call 电话
make a visit拜访 make a decision 决心
make a mistake 犯错误 make a living谋生
make a noise制造噪音 make sure 务必
2 turn on
turn on动副短语意开反义词turn off意关闭
Please turn on the radio 请开收音机
Please turn off the light 请关灯
拓展
（1）英语中动词+副词构成短语动词宾语果代词放动词副词间果名词放间放副词turnoffonupdownover搭配均动副结构
Please turn the tap off Don’t turn it on 请水龙头关掉开
Turn on the computer Turn the computer on 开电脑
（2）turn onopen辨析：
turn on通常指开水龙头煤气电灯电视等电器开关应词turn off
open指关着封着门窗箱子盒子等开应词close
I want to watch the football match Please turn on the TV
想足球赛请电视开
Please open the door for me 请开门
（3）turn相关短语：
turn up (音量)调调高 turn down (音量)调调低
turn in 交 turn into 成翻译成
turn out 关灯制造培养结果原
turn to 转 turn over 翻转
3 cut up
cut up意切碎义词组cut into pieces
注意：cut up代词作宾语时代词应放cutup间名词做宾语时放中间放副词面
cut it(them) up ()切碎
拓展
cut意切割式分词均cut现分词cutting
常见搭配：
cut grass 割草 cut one’s finger 割伤某手指
cut hair 剪发 cut a cake 切蛋糕
相关短语：
cut away 砍掉剪 cut down (根部)砍倒
cut in ( 车辆)超车抢道插嘴 cut off 停止中断切掉
cut out 突然熄灭裁掉删
up相关短语：
give up 放弃 put up 挂起
pick up 捡起 wake up 唤醒
4 pour …into…
pour…into…意…倒进…里意义相put…into…pour …into…通常强调倾倒液体put…into…放液体放固体
He poured the milk into the cup 牛奶倒进杯子里
You must put them into the blender 放进搅拌器里
拓展（1）pour意倾倒灌浇物动词接名词代词做宾语pour接双宾语介词宾语
Please pour me a cup of tea Please pour a cup of tea for me
请倒杯茶
pour(雨)倾盆雨意思
It never rains but it pours (谚)屋漏偏遭连阴雨波未波起
（2）ininto区：
ininto表示()…里面时互换侧重点
in表示物体位置静态介词
into表示动作方动态介词常表点名词常表示动作动词comegorunrush等连
putfallthrow等动词连时二者互换
类似词ononto
I found him in the classroom 教室里找
Please help me carry the books into the classroom
请帮书搬教室里
5 put …into…
put意放放置put…into…相put…in…意…放进…里
He put that book into the box 书放进盒子里
put…into……译成…意思
Put the sentence into English please 请句子翻译成英语
拓展
put相关短语：
put away …收起放 put on 穿
put off 推迟延期 put out 熄灭 put down 放
put up 建造挂起举起 put…on… …放…
6 first
first副词意首先第次句中位置较灵活
When did you first meet him 什时候第次遇见？
拓展
（1）first作序数词意第
the first month of the year 年第月
（2）first作形容词意第流重
the first man in the country 国家领袖物
（3）first作名词意初首位
at first 起初首先 from first to last 始终
7two teaspoons of
two teaspoons of 意两茶匙…表示数量具体结构：数词+量词+of+名词中量词表示容器名词构成
a piece of bread 块面包 two glasses of water 两杯水
three boxes of books 三箱子书
注意：结构单复数形式名词决定量词决定
There is a box of books in my room 房间里箱子书
There are two pieces of bread on the plate 盘子里两块面包
拓展
数量结构中名词数名词时果数词提问疑问词how many果数量结构提问时疑问词how much
I need three cups of yogurt (划线部分提问)需三杯酸奶
How much yogurt do you need 需少酸奶？
I need three cups of yogurt (划线部分提问)需三杯酸奶
How many cups of yogurt do you need 需少杯酸奶？
8 finally
finally副词修饰动态动词位置较灵活位句中句首句尾位句中时放be动词助动词情态动词行动词前
They finally found the lost child 终找丢失孩子
He worked out the math problem finally 终解出道数学题
拓展finallyat lastin the end辨析：
finally强调列举点时引出容表示盼已久事情终实现含义侧重结果
They talked about it for hours finally they decided not to go
讨时决定
at last强调曲折达目表示期感情更强烈侧重指先序句中位置较灵活
When they found him at last he was almost dead
终找时死
in the end强调许变化困难达目时at last法样位置较灵活表示结局表示预测时in the end
He tried many different jobs and in the end he became a postman
做许工作名邮递员
9 add…to…
add…to…意…加…
The children are adding some wood to the stove
孩子正炉子里加柴火
If you add six to seven you’ll get thirteen 6加7等13
拓展
（1）add to sth意增加某事物
The bad weather only added to our difficulties
种坏天气更增加困难
（2）add up to sth意总计达
The numbers add up to 100 数目合计100
三句式精讲
1 动词原形开头祈句
课中出现Turn on the blender Peel the bananas等祈句祈句种表示请求命令建议语气句子
Speak a little more slowly (表请求)说稍微慢点
Go out at once (表命令)立刻出
Drink some water and have a good rest (表建议)喝点水休息
祈句语般第二称you通常省略谓语动词动词原形祈句否定形式Don’t+动词原形构成表示客气请求时常句首句尾加please
Be quiet please 请安静
Keep your email as short as possible 电子邮件写简短
Don’t forget to buy me some milk on your way back
回路忘买牛奶
Don’t make the same mistake 犯样错误
2 倒装句
课文中出现Here’s a recipe for a great turkey sandwichhere引导倒装句herethere样置句首时语名词完全倒装语序HereThere+谓语动词(be动词)+语
Here is the letter you are looking forward to 盼信里
Here comes the bus 公汽车
注意：语代词时完全倒装HereThere+语+谓语动词
Here you are
Here it is 里
3 how many…how much…
how manyhow much数量进行提问意少前者数名词进行提问接数名词复数形式者数名词进行提问接数名词外how much直接询问价格
— How many books are there on the desk 桌书？
— There are five 五
— How many weeks are there in a year 年少星期？
— There are fiftytwo 五十二
— How much is your schoolbag 书包少钱？
— It’s 100 yuan 百元
— How much milk is there in the bottle 瓶子里少牛奶？
— There is only a little 点
注意：how much价格提问接be动词时be动词单数形式复数形式取决be名词
— How much are the bananas 香蕉少钱？
— Two yuan a kilo 两元公斤
— How much is the dictionary 字典少钱？
— Forty yuan 四十元
4 a recipe for…
课文中a recipe for…意份…食谱中for介词for法较现总结：
（1）表示目功
Are you learning English for pleasure or for your work
学英语娱乐工作？
It is a machine for slicing bread 台切面包片机器
（2）表示目目标原
Is this the train for London 开伦敦火车？
（3）表示助益某物
What can I do for you 做点什？
（4）表示作某事物代价报酬惩罚
I bought a book for three dollars 花三美元买书
（5）表示某物言
It’s quite warm for January 月份说天气相暖
（6）表示段时间
I am going away for a few days 离开天
（7）表示某事物发生场合时机
I am meeting him for the first time today 天初次见面
5 Let’s …
let’s let us 意
（1）let加带to动词定式let sb do sth 某做某事
Let him go and help that old man 帮帮位老吧
（2）let us 缩写let’slet’slet us 构成祈句意义完全相
1）let’s…意…表示方提建议包括说话方方反义疑问句形式
shall we
Let’s go fishing shall we 钓鱼？(包括说话方听者)
2）let us…意…包括听者具请求允许意味反义疑问句形式will you
Let us go will you ？(指说话方包括听者)
Unit 8 How was your school trip
词组
talk about 谈 talk over 谈
give a talk 作报告 have a talk towith sb 某谈话
go to the beach 海滩 have ice cream 吃冰淇淋
go to the zoo 动物园 go to the aquarium 水族馆
hang out with one’s friends 朋友闲逛 buy a souvenir 买纪念品
take photostake a phototake picturestake a picture 相
have pizza 吃萨饼 a famous actor 著名演员
get one’s autograph 某亲笔签名
win a prize 赢奖品（奖项） at the aquarium 水族馆
have a great time 玩高兴愉快 on the school trip 学校旅游
Blue Water Aquarium 蓝色水族馆 the Visitors’ Center游客中心
a dolphin show 海豚表演 after that
at the end of……结束时候…头
the Gift Shop 礼品店 at the beginning of… …开始时候
a terrible school trip 糟糕学校旅行 make up a story 编事
that sounds interesting 听起趣
go for a drive 开车兜风 in the rain 雨中
in the dark 黑暗中 in the sun 阳光
in the snow 雪中 have fun doing sth 快乐做某事
take notes ofwrite downcopy down 写记
play computer games 电脑游戏 for sale 供销售
see you soon 盼快见 in the future
in one’s opinion 某某观点
win the first prize 获等奖 a busy day off 繁忙假日
a famous basketball player 著名篮球运动员
can’t help doing sth 忍住做某事 the story goes that… 说…
in one’s off hours 某休息时间 the off season 淡季
none of… …中没 a heavy rain 阵雨
a light rain阵雨 a fine rain 阵细雨
all dayall day long 整天 all nightall night long 整夜
二词汇精讲
1 hang out
hang out动副结构意闲逛 hang out with …闲逛
I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos
朋友起闲逛拍许片
拓展
hang abouthang around 闲逛徘徊逗留
hang up 挂断（电话） hang on 挂断
注意：hang意逗留悬挂时式分词hung
hang吊死绞死意思hang意吊死绞死时式分词hanged
2 else
else意外较级常whowhosewhat等疑问代词whenwhere等疑问副词放someanynobodythingwhere等构成词
Would you like something else to drink 想喝点什？
What else do you want to say 想说点什？
I’m going to take you swh else 带处
拓展
other作形容词意修饰名词
作代词常one…the other结构中表示…
Do you have got any other questions 什问题？
3 win
win动词意赢败战胜现分词双写n式分词均won
He won a prize last week 周奖
They won the basketball match yesterday 昨天赢场篮球赛
拓展
winbeat辨析：
（1）win强调赢赛游戏战争获名次奖品
win a prize 奖 win a game 赢赛
win a honor 赢荣誉 win a battle 赢战斗
win a match 赢赛 win a scholarship 赢奖学金
（2）beat强调败战胜接赛竞争手beat接表示词语作宾语
beat a team 战胜败队（组）
beat a nation 战胜败国家
beat an opponent 战胜败手
4 on the school trip
on the school trip意学校旅行中on表示进行事…中强调状态
on show 展览 on business 出差
on vacation 度假 on duty 值日
拓展
on法：
（1）作副词表示继续活动进展
He can work on without a break 直工作休息
（2）作副词表示穿戴（衣服鞋帽等）
Put your coat on 穿衣
（3）作副词指（电器电源）接通中
The TV is always on in their house 家电视老开着
（4）作副词指（演出节目戏剧等）进行中
What’s on at the cinema tonight 晚电影院放映什？
（5）作介词意…（接触）
Leave the glasses on the table 杯子放桌子吧
（6）作介词意身带
Have you got any money on you 身带钱没？
（7）作介词表示事情发生时间具体某天前面
on a cold Sunday morning 寒冷周日午
on May 12th 5月12日
（8）作介词意关谈含学术性
an essay on political economy 篇政治济学方面文章
5 show
n 1）表演节目
The most successful shows in the theatre are often musicals
剧院里座节目歌舞剧
2）展览
a flower show 花卉展览 on show 展览中
vt 展示出示…某
You must show your ticket at the barrier 必须检票处出示门票
搭配： show sb sth show sthto sb 某物某
Could you show me your photos Could you show your photos to me
片？
show sb around some place 带领某参观某
Could you show us around Beijing when you are free
空时带领参观北京？
6 at the end of
at the end of意…末端…头表示时间表示点
at the end of January 1月底（表示时间）
at the end of the street 街道末端（表示点）
拓展
（1）by the end of意…末止接时间时完成时
We’re going to finish it by the end of this week
周末完成项工作
（2）in the end意终相at lastfinally接of短语
Our team beat theirs in the end 队战胜队
7 next day off
next day off表示休息日next day off 表示具体某天前面介词on短语中off表示工作班名词day off表示病节假日）休息工作学
I have three days off next week 周三天假期
拓展
（1）off作（离）开（走）开…关掉讲
I must be off 该走
He took off his coat 脱掉衣
The gas is off 煤气关
（2）off动词搭配表示含义：
take off 脱起飞 fall off… …掉
turn off 关 break off 终止
pay off 付清 get off 车
8 sleep late
sleep late动副结构意睡头起晚sleep式slept
I slept late this morning so I was late for school
天早睡头迟
拓展
（1）sleep作名词意睡眠
How many hours’ sleep do you need 需少时睡眠？
fall into a deep sleep 酣然入睡 go to sleep 入睡睡着
（2）sleepingadj 意睡着熟睡通常作定语
There is a sleeping baby in the bed 床睡着婴
（3）sleepy adj 意困倦通常作定语表语
I feel sleepy after a long walk 长时间散步感觉困倦
9 boring & bored
boring形容词意令厌烦般说明事物特征
The story is boring 事令厌烦
bored形容词意感厌烦般说明感受
I’m bored with the book 书厌烦
拓展
英语中带ing形容词形容事物指某事物性质特征意令……常事物作语作定语修饰物带ed形容意感……语类似词：
exciting 令兴奋 excited （）感兴奋
interesting 令感兴趣 interested （）感兴趣
moving 令感动 moved （）感动
tiring 令厌倦 tired （）感疲倦累厌烦
surprising 令惊讶 surprised （）感惊讶
10 no one
no one nobody意没单独作语谓语动词单数形式接of…结构回答who含anyoneanybody问句
— Who is in the room 谁房间里？
— No one 没
Nobody will make friends with him 没愿意交朋友
拓展
（1）none意没做代词形容词副词表示全部否定指物常of连接数名词时谓语动词单复数形式均接数名词时谓语动词单数形式常回答how manymuch问句作代词表示三者三者否定反义词all
— How many students are there in the classroom 教室里少学生？
— None 没
None of us likes her 中没喜欢
（2）nothing意没什没东西指物常回答What’s in…
— What’s in the box 箱子里什？
— Nothing 什没
11put…out
意…出摆出
The teacher told the boy to put his left hand out
老师男孩伸出左手
put out意熄灭关掉
the fire was put out soon 火快熄灭
12go for a drive
意开车兜风处drive名词意驾驶驱车旅行for做介词表示目
Let’s go for a drive in the country 开车乡村兜风吧
拓展
go for常接名词表示某处活动
go for a walk 散步 go for a swim 游泳
go for a skate 滑冰
三句式精讲
1 have fun doing sth
have fun意玩高兴趣相have a good timeenjoy oneself接doing sthwith sth中fun数名词意娱乐乐趣muchlots ofa lot of等修饰
We had fun talking and playing with him起聊天玩高兴
He has fun with computer games 玩电脑游戏开心
2 Did you do…
Did you do…般时般疑问句中do代表实义动词谓语动词实义动词时般时般疑问句助助动词did否定句didn’t
— Did your father watch the football match last night
爸爸昨晚场足球赛？
— No he didn’t 没
3 Were there…
句There be句型般时般疑问句There be句型两种形式式：
There were + 复数名词
There was + 单数名词数名词
There be句型谓语动词数原果两名词作语waswere离名词决定名词单数was名词复数were
There was a pencil and two pens in my pencil case last week
星期文具盒里支铅笔两支钢笔
4 Sounds like…
课文中Sounds like…省略语句子完整形式：ThatIt sounds like…sound like意听起…中like介词接名词名词短语作宾语
That sounds like a good idea 听起意
拓展
sound意听起作系动词接形容词名词作表语
I like gentle music It sounds relaxing
喜欢轻柔音乐听起放松
5 …think + 句
… think加句宾语句意…认…
I think he is a good boy 认孩子
拓展
（1）think接宾语句含not否定句时该否定应移句否定句谓语动词
I don’t think it will rain tomorrow 认明天会雨
I don’t think you are right 认
（2）…think常it作形式宾语… think it(形式宾语) + adj + for sb + 动词定式意某认…
Do you think it useful for us to read more books
认读书？
Unit 9 When was he born
词组
pingpong player 乒乓球运动员 too… to… 太……
a great Chinese pingpong player 中国杰出乒乓球运动员
start hiccupping 开始嗝 write music 谱写曲子
a movie star 电影明星 learn to ride a bicycle 学会骑行车
start learning 开始学英语 begin playing sports 开始进行体育运动
a loving grandfather 慈爱祖父 a famous violinist 著名提琴手
spend all one’s free time with sb 某起度业余时间
ice skating 滑冰 a kind and loving grandmother 蔼慈爱祖母
a skating champion 滑冰冠军 a small boy(girl) 孩提时期
the famous Chinese pianist 中国著名钢琴演奏家
at the age of……年龄时 take part in 参加加入
begin to learn the accordion 开始学手风琴
major in 修专修 because of
start for a placeleave for a place 动身…
二词汇精讲
1 be born
be born意出生born动词bear分词be构成系表结构be born常般时般时中
When was he born 什时候出生？
Another baby will be born next month 婴月出生
拓展
（1）be born 接时间状语时表示出生月份年份介词in
Were you born in January 出生月份？
（2）表达出生具体某天具体某天午午晚介词on
Michael Jordan was born on February 17th 1963
迈克尔•乔丹出生1963年2月17日
（3）表示出生某具体时刻介词at
I was born at half past six in the morning 出生早6：30
（4）be born 接点状语介词点（）变化点介词in点介词at
Harry was born in London Harry出生伦敦
Was Tom born at home or at hospital Tom家里医院出生？
2 start
start意开始出发启程
We started at six 6点出发
It started raining 天开始雨
拓展
（1）意开始时startbegin互换
We will beginstart our lessons 开始课
（2）种情况startbegin
1）表示创办开设时
He started a new shop last year 年开家新店
2）表示机器开动时
Can you start the car 发动辆车？
3）表示出发动身时
We must start early 必须早点出发
3 become
become常作系动词意变变成直接接形容词名词作表语般接定式
He became a computer engineer when he grew up
长名电脑工程师
拓展
becomegetturngrowgo作系动词时辨析：
（1）become中性词意义坏两方面变化指身份职位等变化强调变化程已完成接名词形容词
He becomes a teacher 成名老师(现已位老师)
Her mother became angry when she heard the news
妈妈听消息时非常生气
（2）get口语表示种变化程强调渐渐变常接形容词较级形式
It’s getting darker and darker outside 户外天色越越暗
In winter the days get shorter 冬季白天变较短
（3）turn指颜色性质等方面前完全强调变化结果
Leaves turned brown in the mountains 山里树叶已变成棕色
The milk has turned bad 牛奶变质
（4）go形容词前谈变化尤非正式文体中go表示颜色性质变化法常见
Leaves goturn brown in autumn
秋天树叶变红（说：Leaves get brown…）
Suddenly everything went black and I lost consciousness
突然眼前片黑失知觉
go blue with coldred with embarrassmentgreen with envy
脸冻发紫／难堪脸发红／嫉妒脸色发青
Horses go lame 马腿瘸
Machines go wrong 机器出毛病
Meat Fish Vegetables go bad 肉鱼蔬菜变质
（5）grow表示逐渐变成新状态含义
My younger brother is growing tall 弟弟渐渐长高
4 wellknown
wellknown形容词意著名相famous
The Yangze River is one of the most wellknownfamous rivers in the world
长江世界著名河流
He is a wellknown actor 著名演员
拓展
（1）be wellknown for意…著名中for表示原相be famous for
Hangzhou is wellknown for the West Lake 杭州西湖闻名
（2）be wellknown as意作…闻名称作…常接表示身份词
Her mother is wellknown as a model teacher妈妈位名模范教师
5 take part in
take part in意参加…参…常参加讨游行赛战斗庆祝等群众性活动
Did you take part in the sports meeting 参加运动会？
拓展
joinjoin intake part in辨析：
（1）join物动词常指加入某派团体组织等成中员join sb表示加入某（群）中
Would you like to join us 想加入中？
He joined the football club at the age of seven
七岁时加入足球俱乐部
（2）join intake part in法时相指参加某项活动
He joined in the game He took part in the game 参加赛
join sb in + 活动意加入某某活动加入某干某事in接名词ving形式
She joined us in the game 加入赛中
My mother joined me in sending you our best wishes
母亲起表示美祝愿
6 alive
alive形容词意活着世反义词dead
Is the dog alive or dead 条狗活死？
alive意活力生气
Although he is old he is still alive 然年老十分活跃
拓展 alivelivinglivelively辨析：
单词
词义
法
实例
alive
活着
世
①表语
②定语（置）
the great man alive
伟物
He may be alive活着
living
活着
①定语（前置置）
②表语
③指指物
living things 生物
No man living can do better than him 世没做更
Is he still living 健？
live
活
生命
作定语修饰物
a live fish 条活鱼
lively
活泼生动气
①定语
②表语
She is a lively girl 活泼女孩
The story is very lively
事非常生动
7 or
or连词意…者…表示选择
Which is stronger a lion or a tiger 强狮子老虎？
or意否定句中连接
He has no sisters or brothers 没兄弟姐妹
She doesn’t like orange or milk 喜欢橙汁牛奶
or否然意思
Hurry up or you’ll be late 快点否会迟
Put on your coat or you’ll catch a cold 衣穿然会感
拓展
either…or…意……者…者…连接两等成分
Either he or you are on duty today 天值日值日
注意：either…or…连接两语时谓语紧谓语语应原
8 because of
because of介词短语意…名词代词动名词
The football match was put off because of the rain
雨足球赛延期
拓展
becausebecause of辨析：
because作连词句子句直接原
Because he is ill he isn’t here today 病天里
because of介词短语面接句接名词代词动名词
两者时互换
Because he is ill he isn’t here today Because of his illness he isn’t here today
三句式精讲
1 too…to…
（1）too…to句型形式肯定表达否定意义意太……too接形容词副词原级to接动词定式
He is too young to go to school 太学
（2）too…to…表否定意义时so…that…not enough to互换
1）too…to…结构so…that结构互换
too…to…结构简单句so…that复合句so接形容词副词that接句转换时that句否定形式
The man is too old to go to work The man is so old that he can’t go to work 岁数太工作
2）too…to…结构not…enough to…结构互换enough前形容词副词必须too形容词副词意义相反
The box is too heavy for him to lift The box is not light enough for him to lift盒子太重动
（3）too…to…句型三种情况表达肯定意义
1）too前notnevernothing等表示否定意义词时too…to…表示否定意义
One is never too old to learn 活老学老
2）果too…to…结构前出现only加强肯定语气否定意义only too相veryvery much
I shall be only too pleased to go home 非常高兴回家
3）toosadhappygladpleased等表示情感形容词表示肯定意义
He is too sad to hear the story 听事感太伤心
2 learn to do sth
learn to do sth意学会做某事learn表示模仿实践学程尤指会会
He learned to swim when he was five years old
五岁时候学会游泳
拓展
（1）learn sth by heart意背诵某东西
You need to learn this poem by heart 需背诵首诗
（2）learn from…意…学…获知识
It is necessary for us to learn from each other 必相互学
（3）learn ofabout sth 意获悉…知…认识…
I’m sorry to learn ofabout your illness 知生病难
（4）study意学侧重研究钻研
He is studying the math problem 正研究道数学题
3 see sb do sth
see sb do sth 意见某做某事表示见动作全程惯性do省定式符号to动词原形里做宾语补足语
I saw her dance on the stage 见舞台跳舞
I often see him walk in the park 常见公园里散步
拓展
（1）see sb doing sth 意见某正做某事表示动作正进行
I saw him walking in the street 见街散步
（2）see法类似带to定式做宾语补足语动词感官动词役动词词总结感（feel）二听（hearlisten to）三（lethavemake）四（seewatchnoticeobservelook at）半帮助（help）
She can hear someone laughing in the room 听见屋子里笑
She heard the singer sing on the stage 听见位歌手舞台演唱
4 the first… to do sth
the first…to do sth意第干…动词定式作定语修饰前面名词代词中the first序数词：the secondthe third等代
He is the first boy to get to school every day
天第学校男孩
拓展
英语中限定词（onlylastnext等）序数词（firstsecond…）形容词高级修饰名词常定式
Jim is the only student to answer the question correctly in his class
Jim班唯正确回答问题学生
5 when引导时间状语句
when引导时间状语句时表示…时候 when指时间段指时间点 句中延续性动词非延续性动词 动作句动作时发生句动作前发生
I’ll call you when I get there 里电话
When I came home my wife was cooking dinner
回家时 妻子做晚饭
果when引导时间状语句语句语相句谓语be动词时 句中语be省略 when引导时间状语句语句语相时when＋doing形式代该状语句
When (you are) in trouble ask her for help
遭遇麻烦时候求助
When I came into the room(When coming into the room) I found him lying there asleep 进入房间时候 发现躺睡着
Unit 10 I’m going to be a basketball player
词组
grow up 长成长 computer science 计算机科学
be going to do 表示观算准备信心做某事
computer programmer 电脑程序设计 baseball player 棒球运动员
take acting lessons 演技课 practice basketball 练篮球
professional basketball player 职业篮球运动员
move swhmove to swh 搬（具体）某方
sound like 听起… parttime 兼职
fulltime 全职全日制 my dream job 梦想工作
a year or two one or two years两年
an hour or twoone or two hours 两时
a day or twoone or two days两天
what I want to do 想做事情 somewhere interesting 趣方
a reporter for fashion magazine 时装杂志记者
save some money 积蓄钱攒钱 at the same time 时
hold art exhibition 举办美术展览 all over the world 全世界世界
somewhere quiet and beautiful 安静美丽方
send sth to sb 某物发送某 I’m not sure yet 没定
the Olympic Gamesthe Olympics 奥运会
New Year’s resolutions 新年决心 play an instrument 弹种乐器
get a parttime job 找份兼职工作 make the soccer team 组建足球队
get good grades 获成绩 eat healthier food 吃健康食物
get lots of exercise 进行体育锻炼 take guitar lessons 吉课
I really love music 酷爱音乐 sounds interesting 听起意思
communicate with sb 某交流 keep fit 保持身体健康
a foreign language teacher 份外语教师工作
work harder in school 学校里更努力学 the exchange students 留学生
make one’s resolution 表决心 after high schoolleave school 中学毕业
international magazines 国际杂志社 have a welcome party 召开欢迎会
二词汇精讲
1 practice
practice作动词时般名词代词动名词等形式作宾语
He practices speaking English every day 天练讲英语
拓展
接动名词作宾语动词：
完成实践值忙（finishpracticebe worthbe busy）
继续惯放弃（keep onbe used togive up）
考虑建议禁想（considersuggestcan’t helpfeel like）
喜欢思念介意（enjoymissmind）
2 move
move法较现总结：
（1）move作物动词意移动搬动改变位置（姿势）
He moved the sofa to the left 沙发移左边
（2）move作物动词意感动鼓动激动
The speech moved them to tears 场演说感动落泪
（3）move作物动词意离开动身迁移搬家
He moved his family to a smaller house 家搬较房子里
注意：
搬某常move to+点副词作点状语时时省略掉to
拓展
move house 搬家 move to 搬
move in 搬进迁进 move on 继续前进
3 swh interesting
（1）swh副词意某处某处常肯定句中否定句疑问句中anywhere
I think he must live swh 觉肯定住某方
He can’t find his English book anywhere 处找英语书
（2）swh interesting中interesting作置定语修饰定副词swhsome any no every body thingwhere等构成复合定代词定副词时修饰词常置
I want to move swh else 想搬方
He has something important to say 重话说
拓展
常复合定代词：somebodysomeonesomethinganybodyanyoneanythingnobodynothingeveryoneeverybodyeverything等定代词两种法：作语时相单数第三称形容词修饰形容词常作置定语
Everyone is here 里
I’ll buy you something new 买新东西
口诀：
定代词美名扬修饰成分边藏单数动词作谓语时样
4 find
find意发现找根情况接种形式复合结构(：名词复合结构形容词复合结构现分词复合结构分词复合结构定式复合结构等)
You will find it a very difficult book 会发现难书
He found her alone in the room 发现屋里
We find the story (to be) very interesting 发现事趣
We found the girl crying at the gate 发现女孩门口哭
He found the city much changed 发现城市发生巨变化
拓展
findfind outlook for辨析：
组词均寻找找含义find强调找结果表示找find out强调仔细调查分析表示弄清楚弄明白look for强调找动作表示寻找
Tim is looking for his little dog Tim正找狗
I want to find out what time the train leaves 想弄清楚火车点钟出发
I found the dog there 发现狗里
5 hold
hold 动词意举行举办召开常have换式分词均held
hold a meeting 举行会议 hold a concert 举行音乐会
hold a sports meeting 举行运动会
拓展hold含义：
hold
保持维持
How long will this fine weather hold
样天气维持久？
抓住握住住
He held the thief by the arm
抓住偷胳膊
容纳包含
Our classroom can hold more than fifty students
教室容纳50学生
支撑…重量
The chair can’t hold your weight
椅子承受重量
短语
catch hold of 抓住
hold on （电话）挂断稍等
6 yet
（1）yet作副词意时尚未否定句中通常句末
We haven’t heard from him yet 没收信
I’m not yet sure if we could win 没握确定否赢
（2）作副词意已疑问句中
Is everything ready yet 切准备绪？
Has the ship left yet 轮船已离开？
（3）作副词意然肯定句中
He’s yet a child 孩子
（4）作连词意然
You can draw a horse in five minutesyet you kept me waiting for a yearwhy五分钟画匹马然等年什？
He trained hard all year yet she didn’t win a prize in the competition
全年艰苦训练然竞赛中没获奖
拓展
yetalreadystill辨析：
yet疑问句否定句时放句末
Have you finished yet 完成？
He hasn’t done it yet 没干完呢
already常肯定陈述句中般位助动词实义动词前
The train has already left 火车已开走
still意然表示某事正进行中种句式般位句子中间
Her grandmother is still living 祖母然健
7 get
get法较现总结：
（1）get意变成成系动词
get sick 生病 get angry 发怒
（2）get意达常介词to搭配
get to school 达学校
（3）get意获买
get good grades 取成绩 get a job 获份工作
（4）get收意思
get a letter form sb receive a letter from sbhear from sb 收…信
（5）get表示（）
Get the book from my desk 请桌书
8 over
over课中介词意…超相more than反义词less than（少）
The Smiths have lived here for over ten years
Smith家住里十年
She is less than thirty 三十岁
拓展
over法：
over
词性
含义
实例
adv
结束完结
When we arrived the meeting was over
达时会议已结束
prep
…方（接触）
The sky was a clear blue over our heads
头顶蔚蓝天空
遍（处部分）
Snow fell (all) over the country last year
年全国雪
横越…边边
There is a bridge over the river
河面座桥
通（某物）传送
We heard it over the radio
通线电广播听说件事
三句式精讲
1 do what I want to do
what I want to dowhat引导句作第do宾语具疑问概念般翻译…东西（事情）
I want to take back what I said 想收回说话
拓展
what引导宾语句两种含义：表示疑问意什二表示…
She wants to do what she wants to do 想做想做事情
I don’t know what they are doing 知道正做什
2 …to keep fit
keep fit keep healthy意保持健康
I practice yoga to keep fit 练瑜伽保持健康
拓展
keep法结：
（1）keep sb sth + adj意某物处某种状态
Please keep the door open 请开着门
（2）keep sb sth doing意（物）直做…
Please keep him waiting for me 请直等着
（3）keep意遵守
Everyone must keep the law 必须遵守法律
（4）keep sth (for sb)某留某物
Could you keep my place in the queue
排队里位置留着？
（5）keep 意开设营
He plans to keep a pub when he retires 算退休开酒馆
（6）keep 意饲养
He keeps bees in his house 家养蜜蜂
（7）keep意保守
Can you keep a secret 保守秘密？
（8）keep sbsth away(from sbsth) 意某物某物
Police warned standersby to keep away from the blazing building
警察告诫围观者燃烧着建筑物
（9）keep up with sb catch up with sb 赶某
If you study hard you’ll keep up with your classmates
果努力学会赶学
3 …want to be an artist
artist意画家动词art加ist构成
拓展 表示职业身份名词结：
（1）ist结尾：
pianist 钢琴家 chemist 化学家 violinist 提琴家
physicist 物理学家 scientist 科学家
（2）error结尾：
teacher 教师 painter 画家 writer 作家 actor 演员
singer 歌唱家 visitor 参观者 engineer 工程师
inventor 发明家 professor 教授 reporter 记者
（3）man结尾：
postman 邮递员 policeman 警察 businessman 商
spaceman 宇航员 fisherman 渔夫 dustman 清洁工
（4）ian结尾：
musician 音乐家 politician 政治家
4 be sure…
be sure意确定握be not sure意确定没握
If you are not sure how to do it ask me 果确定样做问吧
that句 意相信确信
be sure+ of 意定会获赢某物接名词ving
to do sth 定做某事肯定做某事
We are sure that he is honest 相信诚实
You are sure of a warm welcome 定会受热烈欢迎
It’s sure to rain tomorrow 明天定会雨
5 a city that I could enjoy
that I could enjoy作city定语定语句作定语句子引导定语句关系词：thatwhowhenwhywhere等
（1）连接词that指指物
The man that you met is my teacher 遇老师
She is the singer that I saw last week 周遇歌唱家
（2）关系代词who（指）whom（who宾格形式）whosewhich（指物）
The room whose window is broken is our classroom
窗户坏房间教室
He is the man who knows the answer 知道答案
（3）关系副词when（指时间）why（表原）where（表点）
That is the place where I was born 出生方
Can you tell me the time when you were born
告诉出生时间？
Unit 10 ——be going to结构
be going to 法点拨
be going to + 动词原形般时中常见种形式 法：
A 表示说话算准备某时做某件事情般预先考虑已做准备表示时间状语连：tomorrownext weekin two days等
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon
天午算开班会
What is Lily going to do this summer holiday暑假Lily准备做什？
B 表示观判断客观发生事根目前迹象预测发生事
Look at the black clouds It’s going to rain 乌云快雨
Don’t go out It is going to rain 出雨
C there be句型be going to 结构连
There is going to be a football match on TV this evening
晚电视场足球赛
Is there going to be a class meeting this Friday afternoon
周五班会？
二be going to 肯定句中形式
be going to 结构中助动词be少原形be语称数变化变化般三种形式：am isaregoing to固定变：语 I 时am语第三称单数时is语称时are
I am going to buy something tomorrow morning明天早买东西
She is going to see Mr Wang this afternoon
算天午王先生
三含be going to 句子变否定句般疑问句变法
句子中助动词bebe going to否定句般疑问句构成容易be (amisare) 面加not 构成否定句be (amisare) 放句首句末加问号构成般疑问句答语：Yes 语+ amisare No 语+ isn’taren’t No I’m not I am改般疑问句时常常改Are you
They are going to see the car factory next week (肯定句)
They are not going to see the car factory next week (否定句)
— Are they going to see the car factory next week
— Yes they are (No they aren't) (般疑问句回答)
四be going to 应注意两点
1 There be 句型be going to 结构：There is are going to be (注意句型中going to 面be改have) 常表示某事发生
There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school
周六学校场足球赛
2 comegoleavearrive等表示位置移动动词常现进行时表示发生动作少be going to 结构连
Miss Sun is coming tonight 晚孙姐
They are going to the park next Friday 星期五算公园
3 be going to +动词原形结构表示时间状语否连意思差果明确时间状语表示该动作状态发生性较反表示种推测表示未发生事情
There is going to be a film in our school this evening
晚学校场电影（定会发生）
Hurry up We are going to be late
快点迟（仅表示种推测）
五be going to will 点区
1 be going to 表示期眼发生事情will 表示时间较远
He is going to write a letter tonight 晚写封信
He will write a book one day 某天会写书
2 be going to表示根观判断肯定发生事情will表示客观势必发生事情
He is seriously ill He is going to die 病厉害快死
He will be twenty years old 20岁
3 be going to 含计划准备意思 will 没意思
She is going to lend us her book 算书
He will be here in half an hour 时会达里
4 条件句句中般 be going to will
If any beast comes at you I’ll stay with you and help you
果野兽扑会起帮助
Unit 11 Could you please clean your room
词组
Could you please… ……？请干……？
do the dishes 洗餐具 sweep the floor 清扫板
take out the trash 倒垃圾 make one’s bed 铺床
fold one’s clothes叠衣服 clean the living room 清扫客厅
stay out late 晚 his father’s reason 父亲理
get a ride搭车 use one’s computer 某电脑
hate sthto do sth 讨厌某事做某事 do some cooking 做饭
do the laundrydo some washingwash clothes洗衣服
wash the car 刷车 work on 事忙
work at 学致力……工夫 come over
borrow some money 钱 invite sb to do sth 邀请某做某事
go to the store 商店 agree sb to do sth 意某做某事
agree with sb agree with what one says 意某意见
borrow sth from sb 某某物(入)
lend sb sthlend sth to sb 某某物(出)
ask for 求求见 take care oflook after 顾料
take good care oflook after…well 顾顾
need some help 需帮助 get angry 生气
have a test 考试 make a clean sweep of 彻底扫
二词汇精讲
1 make
单元中出现make the bed短语make the bedmake one’s bed意整理
We should make the bed by ourselves 应该整理床铺
拓展
含make 短语结：
make a mistakemistakes 弄错犯错误 make a telephone 电话
make a living 谋生维持生活 make a facefaces 做鬼脸
make a noisenoises 嘈杂制造噪音 make sure 查明确信
make friends with sb 某交朋友 make fun of 取笑
make sb angry 某生气 make a meal 做饭
make a deal 作成交易 make a fool of 捉弄出洋相
make a name for himself 成名 make a note of 注意记
make free with 擅 make it 成功达某处
make…into …作成变成 make one’s way to 前某处
make room 腾出方 make up 编造
make use of 利
2 clothes
clothes通常作复数形式统指衣服该词manythesesome连
He has many clothes 许衣服
单元中fold your clothes意叠衣服
拓展
clothclothing辨析：
（1）cloth通常指种衣服布衣料
I need a lot of cloth if I’m going to make a new dress
果做新衣服话需衣料
（2）clothing服装总称泛指服装特指某类衣服范围clothes广
We need warm clothing for the winter 需暖衣服冬
3 clean
clean动词意擦干净…弄干净作物动词作物动词
They cleaned up after the picnic 野餐扫干净
Don’t forget to clean the blackboard 忘记擦黑板
拓展
cleanclear辨析：
(1) clean作动词指弄干净清洁
clean the classroom 扫教室
clean作形容词指干净没尘埃脏东西
clean water 洁净水
(2) clear作动词指整理收拾掉东西
clear the table after dinner 饭清理桌面
clear作形容词指清楚清澈透明
clear water of the lake 清澈见底湖水
4 work on
work on意事忙（某工作）相be busy withon介词面接名词代词作宾语
My father is working on a new novel 爸爸写部新说
拓展
（1）work on 继续工作意时on副词接宾语
We worked on till midnight 直工作半夜
（2）work at意学写作…方面工夫
He is working hard at maths 正数学方面工夫
（3）work out意制订解答出（难题）想出（办法）
The maths problem is very difficult can you work it out
道数学题难解答出？
5 borrow
borrow动词意入
May I borrow your bike 行车？
You can borrow the book from the library 图书馆书
拓展
borrowlendkeepuse辨析：
（1）borrow进说话东西供常borrow sth from sb swh结构意某某某物
He borrowed a lot of money from the bank 银行钱
（2）lend出说话东西常lend sth to sb lend sb sth结构中意某某物
I don’t like to lend my TV set to Tom 想电视机Tom
（3）keep意保存保留引申表示时间长度表示时间段时间状语how long等连
— Can I borrow this book 书？
— Yes but you mustn’t lend it to others 许
— How long may I keep this book 书长时间？
— Two weeks 两周
（4）use 意引申时borrow互换
May I useborrow your pen 钢笔？
注意：（1）lend接双宾语lend sb sth lend sth to sbborrow没结构
（2）钱borrowuse电话useborrow
6 feed
feed物动词意喂喂养规动词式分词fed
She is feeding her baby 喂孩子
He feeds fish to the cat 喂鱼猫吃
拓展
1）feed…onwith sth 某物喂养
feed sth to sbfeed sb sth 某物喂…
She fed her baby onwith milk 牛奶喂宝宝
Hill fed some fish to the cat Hill鱼喂猫
Most bats feed on insects 数蝙蝠昆虫食
2）feed作物动词意（牛马羊等）吃东西…食常on连
Cattle feed on grass 牛草食
3）feed onlive on辨析：
feed onlive on…食意思feed on动物live on动物live on接食物生活源
Horses feed on grass 马草食
He lives on teaching 教书生
He lives on his parents 父母生活
7 take out
take out意取出掉动词take加副词out构成动词短语take out名词连名词放out前放out代词代词必须放out前
He took out a bad tooth in hospital 医院拔掉颗坏牙
拓展
常见take构成动介动副词组：
take away 走带走 take back 收回带回
take down 拆卸记 take in 接收吸收
take off 脱起飞 take over 接接
take up 起占领
8 do the laundry
do the laundry意洗衣服laundry数名词意洗衣服laundry作数名词时意洗衣店
Could you please send the clothes to the laundry
衣服送洗衣店行？
There’s too much laundry this weekend
周末太洗衣服
拓展
（1）domake辨析：
domake 均做意思do表示做动作项工作干什活make意做制作努力做成某新东西强调做具体东西
（2）关do短语：
1）do + the + ving
do the reading 阅读 do the shopping 购物
do the cleaning 扫卫生 do the cooking 做饭
2）do + some + ving
do some writing 做书法练 do some cleaning 扫
do some sweeping 扫 do some singing 唱歌
3）do + the + 名词
do the beds 整理床铺 do the dishes 洗盘子
do the room 整理房间 do the flowers 插花
4）do one’s + 名词
do one’s hair 梳头发 do one’s lessons 做功课
（3）关make短语：
make a noise 发出噪音 make paper 造纸
make a meal 做饭 make dumplings 包饺子
make sb angry 某生气 make a fire 生火
make faces 做鬼脸 make tea 沏茶
make a mistake 犯错误 make a war 开战
make friends with sb 某交朋友
三句式精讲
1 Could you…
could 提出礼貌求句型：Could you do Could you please do…意请…行？麻烦…？
Li Lei could you please help me 李雷请帮忙？
— Could you close the window 关窗户？
— I’m afraid not 恐怕行
— Could you come to my birthday party 参加生日聚会？
— Certainly 然
拓展
（1）could表示请求许
句型：Could I do…意…？…？
Could I come in 进？
Could I use your bike 行车？
（2）回答时应注意问题：
1）样句式作答时般疑问句作肯定回答通常certainlysureof course
2）作否定回答时通常sorry开头
3）果问句中couldcan更礼貌回答时cancan’t出现could
（3）列句式表示请求：
Would you like to do sth 愿意做某事？
Would you mind doing sth 介意做某事？
Let’s do… 做…
Shall Iwe do sth 做某事？
Please do sth 请做某事
2 …take care of…
take care of意顾料look after义take care of较口语化侧重负责意宾语表示物名词代词
We take care of him during his illness 生病期间顾
Take care of my car while I am away 外出期间请保车
拓展
（1）take care意心心相look outbe careful
Take care the road is slippery 心路滑
（2）take good care of look after…well意顾
He took good care of his dog 顾狗
3 …come over…
come over意便拜访义词组drop byin
You should come over sometime and have dinner with us
应该找时间 起吃顿饭
拓展
come构成词组：
come about 发生 come for 接（取）
come down come back 回
come in 进 come off 离开
come on 进展 come out 出出版
come along 吧走吧 come from
come by 旁边走 come up （指植物）长出面
come up with 找出提出（答案办法）
4 …go on…
go on sth 意做…进行…
We’ll go on a picnic 进行次野餐
拓展
（1）go on 意持续继续
We can’t go on like this 老样子
（2）go on doing sth意停干某事
You can’t go on working without a break 停工作休息
（3）go on with sth 意（停顿）继续进行某活动
If you don’t finish painting the room today you can go on with it tomorrow
果天粉刷完房间明天继续干
（4）go on to do sth意完成件事接着做件事
After finishing his homework Li Lei went on to help his parents with the housework 做完作业李雷接着帮父母干家务活
5 invite sb to do sth
invite sb to do sth 意邀请某做某事
Are you going to invite Jason to play chess tomorrow
明天邀请Jason棋？
拓展
（1）invite sb to some place表示邀请某某参加某种活动
I want to invite my friends to the Great Wall 想邀请朋友长城
（2）invite名词invitation
Thank you for your invitation 谢谢邀请
6I agree
句话表示某观点表示意I think so意思表示某观点意时说I disagreeI don’t agree
—That music is quite good 音乐太
—I agree 意
拓展
表示意表达：
That’s just what I think 样认
I couldn’t agree more 非常赞成
So do I 认
I feel the same way 样想法
That’s a good point 想法错
Unit 11 —— 情态动词
I常见情态动词法
can 法：
（1）表示力
表示力时般译会某种力尤生具备力时may must 均代
She can swim fast but I can’t 游快
I can see with my eyes 眼睛
（2）表示许常口语中
You can use my dictionary 字典
（3）表示推测
表示推测时意常否定句疑问句中时can’t 译
Can the news be true 消息会真？
—Can it be our teacher 老师？
—No it can’t be our teacher He is on a visit to the Great Wall
老师正游览长城呢
二could法：
（1）can式意会表示力
He could write poems when he was 10 十岁时会写诗
（2）could疑问句中表示委婉语气没式意思
Could you do me a favour 帮忙？
—Could I use your pen 钢笔
—Yes you can
三may法：
（1）表示请求许can 正式
May I borrow your bike 行车？
You may go home now 现回家
（2）表示推测谈性意许般肯定句中
It may rain tomorrow 明天会雨
She may be at home 家呢
（3）may式might表示推测时性低may
He is away from school He might be sick离开学校生病
（4）表示希祈求祝愿常译祝愿通常may++动词
May you have a good time 祝愉快
May you be happy 祝幸福
May you succeed 祝成功
四must法：
（1）must 表示观法意必须定
You must stay here until I come back 回前必须
Must I hand in my homework right now 必须现交作业？
（2）否定形式mustn’t表示定千万禁止许
You mustn’t play with fire 许玩火
You mustn’t be late 定迟
（3）must引导疑问句肯定回答must否定回答needn’t don’t have to
—Must I finish my homework 现必须完成作业？
—No you needn’t 必
（4）must表示握推测肯定句
The light is on so he must be at home now 灯亮着现肯定家
注意：反义疑问句构成形式：
must表示肯定判断推测时反义疑问句实际问句助动词构成
She must have seen the film beforehasn’t she (注意反意疑问句半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday didn’t you (注意反意疑问句半部分)
五need法：
（1）need 表示需必须否定句疑问句中否定形式needn’t意没必必need 提问时肯定回答 must否定回答 needn’tdon’t have to
— Need I stay here any longer 必留？
— Yes you must
—No you needn’t don’t have to 必
（2）need 作实义动词时称数时态变化果作语边接动词定式
I need to do it right now 需马做件事
He needs to learn more about the girl 需解女孩
果物作语般need doing need to be done种情况应注意两点：
1）动形式动名词doing具动含义
2）该动名词改动词定式动形式句子意义变
The door needs painting The door needs to be painted
扇门需油漆
Your car needs mending Your car needs to be repaired
车需维修
六shall 法：
shall表示征求方意见（第三称）Shall we go out for a walk 出散步？
七should法：
（1）should 意应该表示劝告建议义务责等
We should protect the environment 应该保护环境
（2）should have done 表示动作责备批评
You should have finished your homework
应该已完成作业（事实没完成）
八will 法：
will表示意愿意志算种称
I will help you if I’m free this afternoon天午果空会帮
II情态动词易混点纳
易混点： canbe able to
两者表示力时法相can原形can式could两种形式时态中be able to 表示外 be able to常常指努力花费时间劳力做某事
Jim can’t speak English 吉姆会说英语
He could speak English at the age of 5 五岁时 会说英语
We’ll be able to see him next week 星期会见
He has been able to drive 已会开车
I’m sure you’ll be able to finish it quickly 相信迅速完成
We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon
中午达山顶
易混点二：canmay
1 can may 均征求意见许意般互换
Can May I help you 帮助？
2 can may 表示性时区：
1）肯定句中 mightmaymustcan
2）疑问句中表示推测can mightmaymust
3）否定句中can’t（） maymust
She may be in the classroom 教室里
Where can they be now 现？
That can’t be true 真
易混点三：can’t mustn’t
1 can’t 根基法译：
（1）会
I can’t speak English 会说英语
（2）
We can’t do it now because it’s too dark 天太黑现干
（3）否定句中表示推测意
The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher
老师年轻
2 mustn’t 意禁止许表达命令表示强烈语气
You mustn’t play football in the street It’s too dangerous
街踢足球太危险
易混点四：must have to
1 must 侧重意志观必have to 侧重客观必现时时时
I know I must study hard 知道必须努力学
My brother was very ill so I had to call the doctor in the midnight
弟弟病厉害 半夜里医生请
I haven’t got any money with me so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend 身没带钱朋友点
He said they must work hard 说必须努力工作
2 have to种时态must般现
The composition is due to hand in this morning so I had to finish it last night作文天早晨期昨天晚完成
Unit 12 What’s the best radio station
词组
the best radio station 线电台 comfortable seats 舒适椅子
big screens 屏幕 friendly service 友服务
new movies 新电影 close to home 离家
in a fun part of town 城镇闹市区 Town Cinema 城镇电影院
Screen City 屏幕影视城 Movie Palace 电影艺术宫
Jeans Corner 牛仔广角 Trendy Teens 时髦少年服装店
Easy Listening轻松听力 have good quality clothes 服装质量
in town 城里 in the city 城市里
in the country 乡 the beat clothing store 服装店
do a survey of …进行调查 all the movie theaters 电影院
the most interesting music 趣音乐 the math teacher 数学老师
be(getbecomefeel) interested in …感兴趣 Forbidden City 紫禁城
positive words 肯定词语 negative words 否定词语
the most creative创造力 the most boring 烦
a great success 巨成功 win the prize for 赢…奖项
without music 没音乐伴奏 the funniest actor 滑稽演员
the worst movie 差电影 action movies 动作片
beautiful beaches 美丽海滩 in the north of China 中国北部
an Ice and Snow Festival 冰雪节 Central Park 中心公园
leader of a band乐队指挥 elementary school 学
二词汇精讲
1 comfortable seats
（1）comfortable形容词意舒适安逸名词动词形式comfort意舒适安慰副词形式comfortably舒适安逸反义词uncomfortable舒适安逸变较级高级时分前面加moremost
I don’t feel comfortable in the same room with her
房间里感觉舒服
I feel more comfortable in this hotel 感觉家旅店更舒服
（2）seat作名词意座位作动词时物动词意坐座
Are there enough seats for everyone 座位够？
I seated myself at my desk 书桌旁坐
拓展sitseat辨析：
二者均表示坐sit物动词语seat物动词语时表示…坐宾语常反身代词语处时表示坐少
She sits alone in her room 独坐房间里
Our classroom can seat fifty students 教室坐50学生
2 close to
close to意接相next to程度close tonext to更强表示空间时间密切接
Jim’s house is close to his school Jim家离学校
I live close to the supermarket 住离超市
拓展
（1）close作动词意关闭形容词形式closed意关着
Please close the door and keep the door closed 请关门门关着
（2）close作形容词意亲密
close friends 密友 a close game 势均力敌赛
3 loud
loud形容词意高声喧哗
作副词表示喧哗高声loudly义常talkspeaklaugh等动词强调声音响亮较级louder高级loudest
His voice is very loud 声音
He speaks loud and clear 说话响亮清楚
拓展
（1）aloud副词意出声高声常readcall等动词连强调发出声音听见
Can you read aloud 读出声？
（2）loudly副词意高声喧哗loud互换含喧闹意思强调声音高悦耳
Someone knocked loudly at the door 声敲门
（3）较级高级时通常loudloudly
Who laughed loudest 谁笑声音？
4 without
withoutwith反义词意没介词接名词代词动词ing形式without构成介词短语具否定含义句中相构成否定句
I can’t do it without your help 没帮助做件事
He went to school this morning without having breakfast
天早没吃早饭学
5 in to on+方位名词
（1）in表示某区（属该范围）
Taiwan is in the southeast of China 台湾位中国东南部
（2）to表示某区外（属该范围）两接壤
Japan is to the east of China 日中国东部
（3）on表示某区相邻两相接壤
North Korea is on the east of China 鲜中国东部
6 enough
（1）enough形容词意充足充分足够作表语定语作定语时放名词前面面
The food is enough for the trip 次旅行食物足够
I have enough time to watch TV 足够时间电视
（2）enough作副词意足够时enough需放修饰形容词副词面
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag
年轻足够强壮搬动重包
拓展
（1）There be enough…足够…
There aren’t enough seats for all the people to sit down
没足够座位坐
（2）enough…to do sth 足够…做某事
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch 没足够时间吃午饭
（3）…enough to do…too…to…so…that…结构互相转换
He isn’t old enough to go to school He is too young to go to school
He is so young that he can’t go to school 太学
7 still
still副词意然
The teacher is still at work in his office 老师办公室里工作
still做形容词意静寂静静止
The room was still at the end of the speech
演讲结束时候房间里寂静声
The night was warm and still 夜晚温暖安静
拓展
stillyet辨析：
（1）still意然肯定句否定句疑问句中修饰形容词副词较级意更加相even
Li Lei and Lin Tao are still neck and neck 李雷林涛齐头进
I still don’t understand it 然明白
（2）yet作副词意已然表示某事尚未完成否定句中
Have they arrived yet 已？
He hasn’t finished his homework yet 没完成作业
The party is not over We can’t leave yet聚会没结束离开
8 or
（1）or作列连词否定句中意
I don’t like apples or pears 喜欢苹果梨
There is no water or air on the moon 月球没水空气
（2）or作连词选择疑问句连接两列成分列成分果三三时前面逗号隔开or连接两时or意者
Is the shirt yours or hers 件衬衣？
Is your mother a teacher a doctor or a worker
母亲教师医生工？
（3）or作者讲否然意思
Hurry up Or you will be late 快点否会迟
Study hard or you won’t pass the exam 努力学否通考试
三句式精讲
1 What do you think about
（1）think about意考虑…思考提问某某事法应该疑问词what时think aboutthink of互换
Are you thinking about the question 考虑问题？
What do you think about that man 认样？
（2）What dodid sb think about of…询问某某事（）法常句型意…认…样？答语某事（）评价
— What do you think about of the book written by him
认写书样？
— It is very good
（3）What do you think of…How do you like…互换
What do you think of the film How do you like the film
认部电影样？
2 It’s + adj + for sb to do sth
It iswas + adj + to do sth 意做某事…to do sth句子真正语it形式语形式语词代句中形容词加for sb意某说做某事…
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language
说学门外语相重
It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables
说吃蔬菜水果必
拓展
句型中for sb时of sb 二者意义区：
（1）It’s + adj + for sb to do sth 中for sb意某说句中形容词说明to do sth形式语it
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework
学生说做家务十分必
（2）It’s + adj + of sb to do sth 中of sb 意某…句中形容词逻辑语sb 构成系表结构形容词说明形容sb（某）
It’s very kind of you to help us 帮助真太
3 …that is what we learned
what we learned作is表语表语句引导表语句词what外thatwhetheras ifwhichwhowhosewhenwherewhyhow等表语句宾语句样求陈述语序
That is where I was born 出生方
The problem is whether he will come 问题否回
This is what we need 需
4 …some more…
some more意修饰数名词复数修饰数名词
Would you like some more bananas 香蕉？
拓展
moreanother辨析：
（1）more意时位表达数目词修饰数名词单复数数名词表达数目词具体基数词onetwo等非具体代词somemany等
I’m very hungry I want to eat two more cakes饿想吃两块蛋糕
（2）another意位单数数名词前基数词加数名词复数前修饰单数数名词基数词联合修饰数名词复数
I’m sorry but I have another three questions to ask you
抱歉外三问题问
5 …the friendliest service
friendliestfriendly(友亲切)高级形式高级形式most friendly较级形式friendliermore friendly反义词unfriendly
She is a friendly person and we all like her
亲切喜欢
拓展
（1）be friendly to sb 某友
He is friendly to all his friends 朋友友
（2）常见名词加ly变形容词词：
lovely 爱 fatherly 父亲般
weekly 周 yearly 年
Unit 12 —— 形容词副词高级
I形容词副词高级构成
绝数形容词副词三等级：原级较级高级原级原形高级级表示…意思高级构成规规两种
形容词副词较级规变化：
构成方法
原级
高级
单音
节词
部
分双
音节
词
音
节词
般单音节词末尾加est
great
hard
greatest
hardest
发音e结尾单音节词少数le结尾双音节词加st
nice
wide
nicest
widest
辅音字母结尾闭音节单音节词双写结尾辅音字母加est
big
hot
biggest
hottest
辅音字母＋y结尾双音节词改yi加est
easy
busy
easiest
busiest
双音节词音节词前面加most构成高级
important
difficult
most important
most difficult
规变化
goodwell
badbadlyill
muchmany
little
old
far
best
worst
most
least
oldesteldest
farthestfurthest
注意：学高级知识时参Unit 6较级知识高级较级合起理解掌握
II 形容词副词高级法
三者三者物进行较时高级形容词高级前面加定冠词the副词高级前加the省掉the面带of／in短语说明较范围：
（1）语+系动词 + the + 形容词高级 + of短语／in短语
She is the youngest of all 中年轻
（2）A+谓语动词+(the)+高级+of短语／in短语
Linda draws most carefully in her class 琳达班里画认真
III高级常句型
(1）…one of the +高级+名词复数意…
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century
鲁迅世纪伟作家
(2）…高级+of (inamong)…意…中…
Of all the movie stars I think Zhang Ziyi is the best
电影明星中认章子怡
（3）This is was the高级+名词+that定语句
This is the worst film that I have seen these years
年部电影
IV高级解密
（1）形容词高级前必须加定冠词the果高级前物代词指示代词名词格等修饰时定冠词：
My oldest daughter is 16 years old 女16岁
（2）形容词高级常介词inof引导表示范围短语连介词名词代词句中语事物时of短语说明某空间时间范围较时in短语：
This apple is the biggest of all 苹果中苹果
He is the youngest in his class 班里年龄
（3）形容词高级前序数词限定修饰面名词结构：the+序数词+形容词高级+名词
Hainan is the second largest island in China 海南中国第二岛
（4）形容词高级意义较级形式表达常见：
1）形容词较级+than any other+单数名词
This book is more difficult than any other book here
This book is the most difficult book of all书中难
2）形容词较级+than the other+复数名词
Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth
亚洲球洲
（5）形容词高级前定冠词a时表示较表示非常意思
Spring is a best season 春天非常季节
Review of Units 712
词汇精讲
1 finallyat lastin the end辨析
（1）finally放句首句中句尾强调列举点时引出容表示盼已久事情终实现含义
They talked about it for hours Finally they decided not to go
讨时决定
外finally句中动词前面表示等久…感情色彩浓
We waited and waited and the train finally arrived
等等终火车
（2）at last放句首句尾表示期感情更强烈强调曲折达目
My brother went to college at last 弟弟终学
She came at last 总算
（3）in the end放句首句尾at last互换表示困难达目表示结局预测时in the end
In the end we found the house 找间房子
They won in the end 赢
2 beatwin
beatwin均赢败意思法
（1）beat表示赛中败某意赢时宾语表示团队词语表示赛奖品等容词语作宾语
We beat them in the soccer match yesterday 昨天足球赛赢
beat常表示时指接连击某某物外beat表示心脏跳动
The rain is beating against the window 雨点正敲着窗户
My heart is beating fast 心脏跳快
（2）win表示赢宾语表示赛奖品等容词语表示词语作宾语win作物动词面接宾语表示获胜
In the end we won the matchgame 赢场赛胜利
3 stop to do sthstop doing sth辨析：
stop doing sth意停止做某事做某事
He stopped watching TV and began to read English
电视开始读英语
stop to do sth 意停止原做事做外件事
He watched TV for an hour and at 8 he stopped to do his homework
时电视八点钟停(电视)做作业
拓展
1）try doing sth试着做某事
try to do sth 力做某事
Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door
前门没答应敲门试试
Try to get some sleep 力睡会吧
2）go on doing sth 继续做原事情
go on to do 继续做外件事
They went on talking 继续谈着(停止谈)
They went to talk about the news
接着谈消息（话题）
3）remember doing…记做某事
remember to do …记做某事(尚未做)
I remember locking the door 记门锁(已做)
Remember to lock the door 记住锁门(未发生)
4）forgot doing…忘记做某事 (做忘记)
forget to do…记住做某事(尚未做)
I forgot to buy the book 忘记买书(没买)
I forgot buying the book 忘记已买书(买忘记)
4 whenwhile辨析：
1）when引导状语句表示时间说明动作发生时候动作正进行
— What were you doing when I came into the classroom
走进教室时候正干什？
— I was reading 正读书
2）when引导时间状语句表示某动作正进行时动作突然发生
My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park
公园散步时候钢笔掉
A woman saw it happen when she was walking past
妇女时候发生事情
3）while连接时间状语句般进行时表示正进行某动作时发生动作句常般时
While he was reading the telephone rang
正读书时候电话铃响
While we were boating on the lake we saw a fish jump out of the water
正湖中划船时见条鱼跳出水面
注意：
whenwhile引导状语句表示正进行某动作while更强调动作持续段时间
4）while连接时间状语句表示某动作正进行时动作进行中
While he was reading I was writing 读书写字
While Dad was washing his car Mum was cooking
爸爸洗车时妈妈做饭
I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV
爸爸电视时做作业
5 joinjoin intake part in辨析：
三者译成参加意义法异：
（1）join意加入某组织成中员join面接表示名词代词表示加入某某行列中
My uncle joined the Party in 1978 叔叔1978年入
We are going for a swim Will you come and join us
游泳起？
（2）join in表示加入参某种活动in接名词动词ing形式表示参加某活动说join sb in (doing) sth
He joined them in the work 起工作
Will you join us in playing basketball 起篮球？
（3）take part in指参加会议群众性活动重说明句子语参加该项活动中发挥作
The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday
昨天老师参加讨
6 borrowlend辨析：
两动词表示borrow指里东西（入）lend指东西（出）
May I borrow your pen 钢笔？
Can you lend me your pen 钢笔？
外注意常固定介词搭配表示某某处某物borrow sth from sb or swh表示某物某lend sth to sb
Do you often borrow books from the library 常图书馆书？
You mustn’t lend it to others 定
7 leaveforget辨析：
两词忘记意思区：
1）forget通常表示点副词短语连
Oh I’ve forgotten my wallet 噢忘记带钱包
Don’t forget the cases 忘带箱子
2）leave 表示遗忘时通常表示点状语连
Oh I’ve left my wallet at home 噢钱包放家里忘记带
— I’ve left my watch upstairs 表忘楼
— I’ll go and get it for you
8 aloudloudloudly辨析：
（1）aloud 强调出声话说出心里默默说通常动词 read speak think等动词连
read aloud 朗读 think aloud 言语
表示声通常动词 cry laugh shout call 等动词连
The boy is crying aloud 男孩子声哭
She called aloud for help 声呼救
（2）loud 表示声响亮作形容词副词：
1）作形容词
He has a loud voice 嗓门
The music is too loudplease turn it down
音乐太吵请音量关点
2）作副词(loudly 义)般动词 speak talk laugh sing等连放动词
I can’t hear you please speak louder 听见请说声
（3）loudly 作副词(作副词 loud 义)含喧闹意思强调声音高悦耳
Don’t talk so loudlyloud 声讲话
注意：
loudly 作副词 loud 范围更广 speaktalklaugh 等动词连外表示声响动词连放动词前
Someone knocked loudly at the door 声敲门
外较级高级时通常 loud loudly
Who laughed loudest 谁笑声音
二句式精讲
1 常见提建议方式：
句型
例句
说明
Why not…
Why not go out for a walk
什出散步？
Why not面接动词原形
WhatHow about…
What about going to the movie电影样？
WhatHow about面加动词ing形式
Let’s…
Let’s meet at six
六点见面
Let’s面加动词原形
Why don’t you…
Why don’t you go with us
什起？
Why don’t you面加动词原形
2 have fun doing sth
have funhave a good time enjoy oneself意思相意玩高兴接动词ing形式构成have fun (in) doing sth句式表示做某事乐趣类似句式：have some problemstrouble (in) doing sth意做某事遇问题
We had great fun playing chess last night 昨晚玩象棋玩开心
The children have some problems (in) making a banana milk shake
孩子做香蕉奶昔时遇困难
3 too…to…
too…to…初中英语重点结构构成形式：too + adjadv + to + v表示太…致…意思
His father was too poor to send him to school
父亲太穷送学
（1）结构中定式前带逻辑语表明定式动作执行者谁for sb 表示
This English book is too difficult for me to read书说太难读
（2）结构转换成so…that…not…enough to…结构注意not… enough to…结构中not形容词副词too…to…结构中too形容词副词意义相反
He is too young to do the work
He is so young that he can not do the work
He is not old enough to do the work
4 原级较级高级句型总结
(1）原级常句型
as + 形容词原形 + as
Tom is as___tall as Mike 汤姆迈克样高
Tom is as___old as Mike 汤姆迈克样
There are as many students in our class as yours
班班样学生
否定：not as + 形容词副词原形 + as not so + 形容词副词原形 + as意…样／…
Lucy is not as tall as Mike Lucy is not so tall as Mike
露西没迈克样高
（2）较级常句型
1）较级 + than…
Our school is larger than theirs 学校学校
This bridge is longer than that one 座桥座桥长
2）表示两者间选择Which is + 较级…or…
Which is longer this ruler or that one尺子尺子更长？
3）表示方时less + 原级 + than…
This park is less beautiful than that one 公园公园漂亮
4）形容词较级 + and + 形容词较级 （前形容词）意越越…
She is becoming thinner and thinner 越越瘦
Our country is becoming richer and richer 国家变越越富强
5）The + 较级the+较级意越…越…
The smaller the house is the less it will cost us the heat
房子越花取暖费越少
The busier he is the happier he feels 越忙越高兴
6）the+较级 + of + the + two 意两者中较…
The watch is the cheaper of the two 两块手表中块较便宜
7）较级形式表示高级意思：较级 + than any other + 单数名词
He is taller than any other boy in his class 班男孩高
（3）高级常句型
1）形容词高级法：in of+范围
The girl with short hair is the tallest in our class
短发女孩班高
His room is the cleanest of the three 房间三间中干净间
2）…one of the + 高级 +名词复数表示…
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century
鲁迅世纪伟作家
3）三者做较Which Who…+ 高级A B or C
Who is the tallest Jim Mike or Tom 谁高JimMikeTom？
4）表示第二第三等意思时常高级前面加secondthird等词
This is the third largest city in China 中国第三城市
5 请求表达法种种
英语中表达请求句型许种较常见
（1）please + 动词原形动词原形 + please般祈句中加please语气变委婉
Please have a glass of milk 请喝杯牛奶
Wait a minute please 请稍等
（2）Will you (please) + 动词原形…结构第二称表示方提出试探性建议礼貌请求
Will you please give a message to her 请捎口信？
Will you help me with my English 请帮学英语？
（3）Would you mind doing…结构
— Would you mind lending me your bike 行车？
— No not at all 没问题
（4）Can May Could Might + 语 + 动词原形…结构中couldmight表示时间canmay更委婉客气
Can I go home now 现回家？
May we ask you some questions Mr Hu
胡先生问您问题？
Could you tell me where the post office is 告诉邮局里？
（5）Would you + 动词原形…结构
Would you come to dinner 吃晚饭？
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