2021备战考研心
考研难少专业课书籍背少英语单词没背会少政治题会背真正困难心里焦躁安够信里家分享关备战考研心供家参考
备战考研心1
20_年考研越越相信会少学会考研政治放复诚然言较明智做法考研政治考研数学考研英语考研专业课数学专业课理解种公式模型解读理解延伸果没吃较透根题目懂考研英语积累程英语根难短时间提高剩政治政治需理解更联想记忆记忆政治成超短时间达预期效果科目然果时间够搞什考验突击堂堂正正A行
考研政治突击诀窍：心态备考事半功倍
家备考阶段容易进入瓶颈期阶段答题正确率备考效率会倒退心情会受直接影响事实会遇问题关键正确处理调节家切记保持积极乐观心态
考研政治突击诀窍二：点带面重点突击
时根底知识复适合广撒网家根预测题者时事政治热点备考相关容外练真题程查漏补缺程遇感觉薄弱局部进行重点记忆通某点牵扯出片容
考研政治突击诀窍三：真题预测题
家阶段进入疲惫期愿意段时间做整套模拟题者真题较钟爱预测题实种做法安做预测题会增加侥幸心理侥幸心理扩会没心思认真复希寄托侥幸更重会毫信心然模拟真实考试环境方式答题必性众周知查漏补缺二握做题时间提前熟悉环境外预测题考生该关注重点全部
考研政治突击诀窍四：时事政治热点
纲规定时政考查6分4道选择题(2道单项选择2道项选择)通分析历年真题发现时政贯穿考研政治科目中考查分数远远超6分外紧抓热点时政利解答分析题时联系实际话说外时政阶段较容易提分局部费点功夫值
备战考研心2
年学生毕业季节家着落学毕业出路外考研考公务员进国企进私企进外企出国留学创业种方式种方式什利弊呢面分析做决定前理性分析利弊仔细思考底想什样生活许职场士常方法供学参考
利延缓业压力推迟业期城市学校研究解决户口问题提高身学历增强竞争力国家出台新研究扩招政策考研相容易够更高文学术创见着方直努力毕业获稳定工作
弊研究生毕业毕业压力更年轻竞争者压力越加沉重读研期间定学身职业处知识会白白浪费积累验时间研究会生扩招会出现学扩招相结果研究学历定程度贬值许毕业选择考博研究生毕业博士毕业年龄偏失年龄优势特女生面更年龄歧视学术研究层次越高业面越窄毕业面更加剧烈竞争时已难放弃专业
建议果某专业某种学问法遏制热爱相应研究力浪费爱天继续深造终天会建树果考研躲避缓解业压力建议考研研究生毕业压力增减会丧失积累验时机试想23年少时机失交臂
年龄时候种优势年轻犯错误时候会改正错误时机旦年纪开始接触社会时机会相应减少试想二十岁学生犯错误单位会念年纪予原谅三十岁犯样错误会惊讶甚认原谅善年龄优势留余
利：稳定收入生活良保障公务员收入高福利极定社会位相应权限职业轨迹确定工作没太浮动性国家机构员工身带荣誉性质
弊：工作相枯燥忙起极忙闲起极闲考试没完没升职总考试考核挂钩机关际关系复杂收入稳定没幅提高保持均水准坐清水衙门没晋升容易没成感
建议：志政权利欲真心想改变国计民生状况想稳定工作选择考公务员公务员工作果心境淡泊没野心失错选择够保证安定生活充足时间果想升职长期奋斗(少15年)决心高明际头脑否太容易出头
3国企(事业单位)
利稳定收入良福利保障国家做盾安系数高 国企注重员工素质求员工处事遵循定规学少东西行业工作相安逸心理压力相较低国企锻炼够形成良业观
弊入门难容易进入资排辈想出头般需年奋斗际关系较复杂中西部国企遇般
建议国企际关系复杂初入中学毕业生许会摸门路资排辈现实更接气学生心生服然国企正克服述弱点
利够发挥力开展空间较够快学实知识私企工作单调需职形中提高力劳私企老板会奉献决定遇形成良性循环性升职积累验相更快想跳槽容易
弊风险较方济危机私企批批倒台公司保证福利企业文环境参差齐极极差 竞争相剧烈工作环境稳定岗性制度合理吃亏忍着
建议毕业生愿意选择私企认私企门槛较低更易积累验形成直接进入私企〞意识私企素质参差齐毕业生缺乏验容易第份工作定型错误观念良职场惯会限制开展时私企样广阔开展空间会束缚私企应慎重考虑
利：高薪福利工作环境外企系统企业文化理制度够学更东西强调性创造性利培养力利搭建脉注重员工开展予员工诸培训实力雄厚会出现拖欠工资罔顾员工权利等 现象
弊：起点高开展空间工作量加班加吐血竞争剧烈神时紧绷入核心机构难加难性非常外语高求
建议：外企高薪高酬毕业生追求目标进入外企感受成熟企业环境理系统利毕业生学更东西力行业观念企业文化意识外企够全方位充实员工头脑外企竞争剧烈职位定级聪明会进入外企学先进理验技术然创业
利：增长见闻开拓视野成见识掌握门外语受益终身磨练生存力培养吃苦精神学外国优秀处学校专业够学真正知识硬文时机进入外国公司者移民
弊：出国留学需笔金钱投资定相应回报国外消费水高许常会感入敷出国家排性强法真正融入学中外国济危机闹厉害工作时机更少果没学真正知识会白白浪费年光阴笔金钱
建议：年轻时候时机见见世面件事果条件出国留学妨出果没学校者专业必出国镀金样资金创业投资意义更
利：必工事业做全方位锻炼力 限度激发潜质 培养系统性思维力 创业成功成感取代
弊：目前中国创业环境健全需笔较开支需长远目光周密规划毕业生社会验少缺乏实践验乐观容易碰壁创业失败会感觉击巨
建议：学毕业生想成功创业需远理想激情行动力领导力商业信超强适应性毕业生心智观察市场眼光领导气质定欠缺想创业需急时进家公司积累丰富验脉辞职创业更妥成功率更高
利：充分发挥爱时间充裕够全面安排生活挑战性高生活易枯燥理想生活心灵充实
弊：没稳定收入必须注意社保养老问题脱离社会太久容易融入制力求极高会入敷出情况江郎顾虑
建议：职业适合艺术气质SOHO族生活然令羡慕存隐患容视控力强方案性强理财观念够适应职业保证生活容易产生惰性需工作标准建议太〞
备战考研心3
生活流水永远知道秒会潮里科毕业选择考研接爱情择城择校择生活谈起研究生三年想说实挺味道
导师夫妻组合科博士副教授刚进组求发高档次文章必须区JACSAngew Chem IntAM等便挑倍感压力山美丽生活击区理想中开始早八点纸质版签中规中矩设计实验讨实验撰写报告参加组会组会实较喜欢选择高档次文章阅读讲解家起讨家做东西样什错误没创新性发高问题懂现太理解家做修复发文章高老师说试试遇家做导电修复发更高根AM老板说样着前言潮漂流 研究生生活历时15年篇导电修复文章数起导师撰写目前AM组振奋口号会篇AM结果两周拒稿转投2点三区求导师拒导师隐瞒段时间告诉坏消息怕伤心吧接转投ACSnano编建设性意见补数补数考虑送审时候放弃距离毕业已老师商量局部工作拆开成两局部第局部投CC年家没闲着整理中文改成英文年回女博士导师说前言太差投通讯文章迫放弃读文献验前局部工作淡没希老师说想法全部工作投JMCA说干干天午英文版整理模板中历时周投出20天审回两审稿没什意见补数修历次修接受时候第次申请学位时间已错失恋痛苦真心话实没工作时手已篇中文核心两篇创造专利已公开政策妥协学位结果会丢掉贵工作时间痛苦样会快乐文章愿接收影响子出7443创造专利项获国家授权刚学位证书7月7号公司正式班喜事算点抚慰
求学道路会遇击坚持吃点苦忍忍电影里句台词担忧切会相信
备战考研心4
学科领域否导师决定学生研究生涯初期成败〞 什样导师导师呢
学科领域否导师决定学生研究生涯初期成败〞 [1]
什样导师导师呢2005年Nature创立the Nature awards for mentoring in science表彰指导研究生方面卓成效导师关员广泛收集总结学生导师评价总结成导师16条建议 [2]学生智力力尊重学生职业开展(甚选择非学术道路)尊重等等
文分列出16条建议引学生comments作例证基博士导师 科期间两导师种历highlightcomment里深感触方异国求学supportive导师父亲般存(撒花)~
外认导师nice〞说法太笼统认挑导师两维度：做治学真正导师做方面正直体尊重学生学生沐春风心情愉快感价值受认做研究方面非常responsible学生研究生涯开展力push少放羊点学生紧张点总松懈——五年PHD实短哒
1 Be available：学生时帮助反应
George meets with his students very regularly and is always available to them I cannot remember him ever cancelling an appointment with me despite the tremendous demands on his time (he was Head of Department for some of the time that I was his student) He reads drafts promptly and provides clear constructive comments He is never negative and never belittles even the most junior of students
Undoubtedly the greatest attribute of Charless mentorship style is his accessibility Rarely in the 6 years I was in his laboratory did I note him not to have an open door to discuss recent results with anyone from within or indeed from outside herhis laboratory This availability combined with Charless approachable attitude resulted in a mentor that you were not afraid to speak to with whatever result you had in hand be it positive or negative Even after leaving his laboratory I founds his door was always open to discuss scientific ideas
2 Respect：尊重学生格智力
Mary treats her colleagues regardless of whether they are doing a PhD or if they are a fellow Professor with the same high regard In doing so she inspires confidence in her collaborators
般言吐槽导师点做差学生做干活机器
3 Be generous：私分享精神
Marks magnanimity in sharing his own ideas and delight in seeing others succeed has also been an inspiration not just for myself but for a whole generation of younger scientists
Sally did and still does this by allowing them to run with ideas that she helped to develop or even produced herself entirely and by allowing them to take on senior authorship on important papers even though she could claim it for herself
4 Individual difference：学生想追求生目标学生私生活
A mentor needs the ability to create a unique relationship with each member of the lab Francis possesses this attribute and sees the strengths and skills of each individual and then designs projects to suit these strengths Her ability to understand that not everyone works in the same way or wants the same things from their lives enables her to produce the best results from people
Not everybody wants to be a leading researcher and some have skills that better suit them to other occupations There is little point in encouraging young people to take on a career to which they may be unsuited or which they will find stressful or uninteresting So I believe it is necessary sometimes to encourage them into other directions
段话非常感动——觉种意志选择私尊重简直种伟性光芒正原文[2]指出there is more to life that what they do in the lab They need freedom to smell the roses as one mentee put it If things change and appear to be going wrong we need to try and understand why If personal life is becoming tough then give them time and space Good mentors make themselves aware of this Again we are often so busy we dont notice A good supervisormentor appreciates these differences and does not try and fit square pegs in round holes They know when to back off and let people make their own decisions and when to come in and offer support and sympathy
5 For Life：日师终身父
Hassan takes a continuing interest in his students so twenty years after I completed my PhD with him he is still my first port of call when I have a thorny issue to discuss or urgently require a reference and he has never let me down
Agreeing to supervise a PhD student entails making a commitment to much more than the daytoday overview of a series of experiments or the development of a programme of analysis that leads to new physicalmathematical theory It involves forging rapport with the student that potentially lasts a lifetime
6 Actively research：常亲线研究工作
Lead from the front be a researcher your self white coat on and not desk bound
7 Balance direction：放手学生explore想法project需时候予学生关键性指导建议效提高学生性动性
As a research supervisor and mentor shehe has an incredible ability to find the perfect balance between allowing the student to develop and explore their own ideas research plans and projects providing them with expert guidance direction when needed and most importantly providing the inspiration to achieve their best
8 Celebrate：学生庆祝成功
Jane sees the importance of bringing people’s social lives and work lives together Our lab is always keen to celebrate the achievements of its members with coffee and cakes outings for lunch or BBQs at her house
The first time a person comes up with a novel idea or experiment of their own This should be an occasion for public recognition within the lab as it is a milestone of great significance for most young scientists
9 Building a community：研究组里培养谐关系社区属感鼓励合作非竞争
Eli manages to create a nurturing yet scientifically intense lab atmosphere that promotes the production of highquality science without the element of interpersonal competition that is unfortunately so evident in many laboratories particularly here in the United States
10 Be social：家起玩~
I aim to build team spirit by supporting social events throughout the year and by celebrating every birthday with a morning or afternoon tea at work Originally I organized social events myself but I now leave the details up to group members so that we can enjoy a diverse range of events that reflect the interests of the group from canoeing to karaoke
The most useful single thing Ive learned is that chocolate biscuits do more for everyones good humour and enthusiasm than any amount of feelgood talk The role of blood sugar should probably have been obvious to a biologist from the outset but I only learned this by experience Mind you cheerful and encouraging talk are good too as also are gin and tonic
11 Create networks：学生创造合作展示时机
An important catalyst for many of us was Rene’s attitude to networking – he endeavored to send all his students and postdocs to good scientific meetings because he realized how important it was for us to start making connections with peers in our field early in our careers Right from the start we were exhorted to take every opportunity to talk to people because it was a strongly held opinion of his that you learnt just as much at breakfast conversations and in postconference drinks as you did from the presentations themselves It was not uncommon to hear that he had lobbied for an opportunity for a postdoc to speak at a conference rather than doing so himselfbecause he recognized the value of becoming known especially given our distance from North America and Europe
Elizabeth has maintained contact with her previous students and is quick to make links between the many people she knows and any project that comes under her discussion She encourages collaboration and would very quickly point to potential collaborators Liz also would be quick toinclude students in on social occasions with high profile scientists visiting the university This allowed students to get to know the scientists and vice versa and again served as a time when students could voice their thoughts and ideas to very knowledgeable and experienced researchers
comment：觉B方面加强方介绍contacts to promote their students and young staff〞 方when a distinguished scientist comes to visit the School they not only introduce them but also give them an opportunity to present or discuss their work〞方果B指点学校合作研究者更
12 Question Listen：问问题激发答案连串问题persistently keeps the questions flowing to help the answer come along
Rather than directly providing me with interesting ideas heshe is able to ask the right questions to allow me to come up with my own theories and ideas
Elspeth makes you feel special She makes you feel valued and is genuinely interested in people’s welfare She doesn’t preach She questions and lets you speak She listens and provides an environment where you can put forward ideas and then she facilitates the evolution of your own answers
13 Enhancing criticism：通种方式锻炼学生批判性思维
Catherine has focused on equipping people with the skills to be fully functioning members of the scientific community able to prepare grant applications review manuscripts speak at conferences and engage with scientific administrators in a constructive manner Such a holistic approach to running a scientific group will ultimately bring enormous benefit to the group’s alumni giving them all the skills necessary to carve out their own niches in the academic world
To the uninitiated the scientific literature is a baffling mass of conflicting ideas and results accepted wisdom and false assumptions The mentor can help by alerting the new student to papers that heshe considers of particular interest and by going over the most pertinent ones with the student in some detail It also helps greatly for the laboratory or department to establish a journal club’ where students regularly take turns dissecting one or two relevant current papers and their background with input from other students and faculty members Participating in such discussions can greatly sharpen the student’s critical acumen and judgement
里段更详细建议读起较高端离种三年级博士生远感觉——
A journal club is one strategy students should not only participate in the critique of key papers but they should regularly take the lead by selecting reviewing and critiquing papers themselves Students should be involved from the beginning in the teams grant applications They should also be put in the position of interviewers in mock interviews They should take the position of journal referee of papers submitted from the group and be encouraged to make a decision re acceptance resubmission or rejection The actual reviews that come back then provide the basic for a very rich discussion In summary we should create a situation where our students practice all the things we do that make us a scientist
14 Enhancing writing：锻炼学生科学写作力直writing成学生第二天性
Given the vital role of publications and grants in any scientific career learning to write effectively is an essential key to career advancement Therefore I try diligently to instil the basics of clear scientific writing After an extended discussion with the student of the results to be shown in a paper I nearly always let himher prepare the first draft and then begin the reiterative revision process using track changes’ to show what has been done
练present students with a manuscript they have not seen with either the abstract introduction or discussion omitted and getting them to write their version which can then be compared with the original 正文章[2]指出The more writing we give students to do the more we burden ourselves but that is part of the contract A positive comment on all the mentors was that they gave feedback on written work very quickly Hard to do but essential〞
15 Enhancing presentation good readable slides logical presentation and clear speaking
She also expects students to give practice talks in the group before presenting at conferences and has developed a good technique for improving seminar performances through questions and feedback
Although few students have a natural gift for giving a scientific talk all can learn if given sufficient practice and advice I always suggest that the student provide me with a runthrough a week or two before a presentation to allow sufficient time for revisions
文章作者指出This was often embarrassing in that the standard of honours seminars and graduate student presentation was way better than the presentations of senior staff members the students experienced at conferences 〞哈哈哈哈
16 Seek feedback：什优点缺乏听听学生说
胆量话Selfassessment how good a mentor are you〞丢老板做吧~
备战考研心5
发现问题
搞社会学研究首先发现社会问题问题值思考深究什方发现社会问题认非专业调查者两方发现问题
处媒体处日常生活报纸播送电视等媒体报道法直接解社会事实社会现象社会问题类媒体专门化理著作中报纸播送电视社会问题方式解释问题什会样什会发生升种理高度探讨规律性东西
处日常生活中发现社会问题果专业调查者通调查发现社会问题日常生活媒体报道专业调查者概媒体日常生活接触社会
两方面存着特点问题报纸理著作中记者学者社会问题描述分析够理解果说社会问题历距离远够理解理解性建立两前提第良想象力第二生活历生活历遭遇完全样毫疑问社会历帮助理解做恰较火灾中烧听说难烧没什感身受呢体验伤痛根没体验疼痛话难体会实际痛感帮理解样痛感根类推生活差距困境中理解需具定社会历社会历遭遇差异然帮助理解必少东西换句话说果社会历更点更帮助理解遭遇肯定限社会验实践者研究者验实践者等量齐观时候历稍点利理解
二问题社会问题
生活中问题社会问题公话题日常生活中升社会问题层面私问题讨讨日常生活发现社会问题说日常生活中起似问题关联社会问题问题身社会问题方家庭贫困考分数高学学遭遇种问题社会问题问题里面包含着社会素方说离婚毫疑问问题时社会问题果离婚率直低离婚便什社会问题代社会中离婚现象遭遇离婚实际牵扯社会素牵扯普遍价值观念变化直接间接影响某体婚姻离婚素关联
述日常生活中面问题直接社会问题包含着社会素问题成社会学心理学研究象问题绝偶然具定普遍性成心理学研究象历问题果带社会素者然问题实际社会问题问题转化成社会问题努力解决失恋问题时调整心理努力失象找回遭遇问题时社会问题时角度做出思考方说矿难果亲戚遭遇矿难直接想救助赔偿时升社会问题考虑说问题转化社会问题包含社会素问题理解思考日社会问题理解思考根底生活验加书学两点结合发现提出真正质量问题
三日常生活中发现问题
学社会学求学会发现社会问题学会社会问题进行思考开发种力呢重途径日常生活出发放生活中周围发生问题发现问题思考问题力应该里开始锻炼理著作中知道学者样解决问题慢慢获思想力媒体听说远离社会问题理解样举例子说明样说明日常生活中发现问题
家庭中事情事件进入思考方说父母谋生道什直父母养育父母什赚钱样营生生计遭遇什挫折距离观察者消极接受养育没积极帮助连积极观察没仔细观察思考番方想想家庭消费变迁思想会长进明白问题便利窗口农村事更方面农村子弟城市里孩子幸运日做社会学说历丰富更利农村孩子村成员生存方式工赚钱方式分家家庭纠纷邻里纠纷非常趣事情政治权力法权力争夺什政治政治进课堂屡屡说政治字眼实政治学研究什研究权力村庄村庄权力斗争城市里面出生龄绝城市里孩子父亲单位农村孩子幸村庄政治甚听父母议村庄政治时没没必认真想想回事
果说离开村庄少年已日常生活现日常生活中事情密切关注中发现问题锻炼思考力现学中然事中绝发现问题心特肯思想肯观察方说 屋子里差没 仔细想问题买 什实便利时尚没 便利买 获便利重没 时代宿舍 啊够便利读学时宿舍没 想想买 做什例解决急需解决事算算账会行蒙蔽行动找坚实口促进做说服掏钱欺欺算账买已年半年果半年开销想起算周周 干什必干事情假设什买社会风气影响形中参加种时尚确实解决实际需绝值思考
举例子：电脑 样座学电脑然系里面电脑供学学电脑面问题买电脑纯粹必掺杂时尚攀电脑质量档次观察特考虑学家庭济富问题先想想周围学话想想通常行想出理否真成立举两例子动智力思考会发现周围话语实辞动脑子思考前知觉参加种话语中：学生说 需电脑需等等实程度种消费形成时尚作少应该意事情值琢磨道理少边倒思考空间
身边发生事情琢磨琢磨方吸烟校园里乏吸烟耐寻味吸烟学开始吸烟值探讨里学会吸烟天社会应该吸烟越越动戒烟然里学会吸烟挺值追问事情说清楚容易插队时代什吸烟重原省钱史铁生朋友聊天中讨问题史铁生时什抽烟解答什呢省钱――时找吸烟更廉价娱乐方式晚边抽烟边聊天俩善思考两说法完全天风气样样风气然开始学吸烟更值深入思考
外点宽容问题天场合禁止吸烟宿舍里没抽烟抽烟容许抽烟公场合饭厅室图书馆里没抽烟抽烟时没突产生通常情况动接受反制止宽容性关系问题男生抽起烟容易制止女生抽烟容易制止什会样制止男生觉风险较着者善女子更弱更勇气制止关吸烟引起特殊关系：择偶时候方吸烟宽容问题假设两中方抽烟听果男生抽烟般女生宽容程度果女生抽烟男生抽烟宽容程度做统计会发现想象事情种想象事情思考根思考象
问学问题――真知道――学间荣誉声什时代样学体育文艺什东西中学学期间什变化变化社会风气变年龄变北生源什样城乡少中城市少生源中父母职业学毕业等面足够思考甚定思考深度问题民学学济学生想读博士终推荐香港读社会学写篇文章题目性格〞说学性格非常务实务实讲种定义说务实非常实惠风险做胜算高事情举例说明问学高考分数高报里录取问高分学：觉学校断然答复北京两牛校继续追问明明知道两学校更考高分数什报呢答复想险追求保险学务实性方面种务实性源务实风险扎堆块互相影响彼越越务实作非分想险欣赏篇文章重身边寻找思考象问题没说独立发现问题力独立思考力
强调周围发现问题提出问题思考问题提出问题解释问题概念出发日常事情出发努力变敏感敏感天生天生素重视点老瞪眼睛会变更敏感领受生活中事情情节刺激启示轻易溜走做认真观察者执著思考者系里常家提供实时机挺实时机身处容易走时空里面
四学写社会杂文
家试着写点社会杂文写发现问题者媒体发现问题见解果迫开始样作迫思考笔写时候必然整理思路深化思想原觉哎点想法准备写纸时候发现想法限原想法挺清楚写纸时候会觉逻辑进步梳理写作反进步锻炼发现问题解释问题力然毫疑问锻炼写作力门课特推荐书『社会学想象力』书附录里面说句话说学说写作周进行事情社会学系学文笔教学生中文笔数新闻学院显然高社会学系学应该然家什报考新闻学院然觉写作长处入学前事入校锻炼家少少天写篇东西假坚持礼拜写篇东西肯定天水准告诉求天说周围发现问题发现明白事情努力解释养成惯迫段时间写点杂文时写作帮助梳理思路做更深入思考时更求瞪眼睛发现问题
老老实实成认写作天分极数方面普通力气锻炼样领生受穷方会重视起步阶段领先步锁定样差距话讲说果领导毕业生刚刚报派分头写篇报告报告说：赵趟写报告找赵找赵起步时候高块屡屡锻炼久久赵进步更早年微差距极锁定两间差距差距日益扩中位拥更锻炼时机现定写作力提样毕业时候开始真正竞争力相说口实口般思想制胜措辞说口天生更胡诌做演讲社会学系普通教授十倍什时机起步时候表现欲强敢张口领先步时机十倍
五学术研究日常生活
说学术研究日常生活关系介绍『社会学想象力』里面观点米尔斯说数学者割裂学术研究日常生活思想家样时候想庸学者写东西爱讲述观点时候心没激情然理探讨理性东西写作动两作者写作时候强烈情绪支撑着没写出东西判然饱满情感更产生生存体验米尔斯话说思想家没割裂思想生活
米尔斯第二观点学者说学术研究应该成生活方式仅仅工作治学应该成生活核心整治学程应该极改变性格生活工作融体样会利切时机发现问题获信息学会惯生活验融学术
米尔斯第三观点善利边缘信息利街谈巷议利耳闻目睹事件
米尔斯说第四观点：现代社会结构现代分工现代生活验前少格外珍惜已获验然助媒体获量信息时果拓宽生活触角面提出问题领会解答时候会较隔膜
拓宽视野关注形形色色问题画牢卖社会学应该说解释社会问题释放社会学家心中困顿社会学者然会非常关注社会问题发现社会问题努力思考时类型问题应该治学早年进入头脑中方说哲学历史学问题思考思考现作业日作品职业没直接联系安排思想者心果东西解敏感全面现代分工造狭隘匠会解答问题安排需果哲学问题历史问题没进头脑怪旦进入头脑力思考找点相关东西读读磨砺思想力历史学哲学社会学着密切关系思想家做非常喻说哲学家美学家科学家攀金字塔金字塔侧面顶峰攀登攀登越高相互距离越层次越低离越远做学者提高思想力关键什专门讲节学会思想〞呢关键关键读书关键肚子知识俗话说茶壶里煮饺子――倒出〞原缺少条线散落知识串起线思想力终学者判定见分析力少书书提高思想力没提高算白干行读书思想提出问题解题问题问题相关太相关帮助提高思考力
六观察日常生活心笔记
说点做笔记读书做笔记发现问题做笔记读『社会学想象力』收获珍惜点滴思想记米尔斯学术档案学术档案分两路路读书笔记点加心路观察日常生活发现问题思考记两路笔记两路径进展会相互影响书读观察周围会新眼光阅历观察读书会更心相反善观察思考读出书中精妙处
第讲时候非常强调动力天家讲养成勤观察周围事情日常生活周边等提出问题做出解答惯认支撑学者成功两动力动力知识智力纯粹奇心社会公正关心少欠缺关注社会公正样视野容易狭窄公正问题没什关联事情引起奇心引起关注丧失掉学术营养思想营养样容易政治化成政治动物光智力奇心没社会公正关心研究社会问题动力缺乏常社会公正非常关注学者写出东西激情四溢觉味道够纯粹学者没种超越政治更博智力关心两句话概括天讲容第句学思罔思学殆〞学读书思天讲东西两者相辅相成相互促进第二句话世事洞明皆学问情练达文章〞路径开展光读书成特学社会学勤周围历中发现问题提出问题解答问题
答复列问题：
问：觉北社会学系传统重视韦伯重视生活中行意义理解重视理解式解释外种传统更加流行实证义数理统计更加受科学影响样写文章时候者社会问题时候二者联系起
答：倾思想力切学术根底学术风格思想力根底举吸烟例子说明吸烟牵扯宽容性相关性公场合中宽容性择偶中宽容性等等告诉调查统计谁做谁吸烟问题想变量手做研究统计学教授种社会学思考力样思路做思想力统计力样思想知道寻找验证种相关性统计年鉴统计条款越越思想者工作告诉统计J事项关系需统计果没思想者创造性工作没新关键性条款设立说思想力根底
问：思想框架影响问卷设计影响收集数样保证思维完整逻辑完整类型完整抽样完整方说次参加问卷调查设计调查前提类型假设……
答：说事解试着般意义答复问题数量化研究仅学学者觉花力气应没难度没深度没疑问谓问题知道什做觉思想非常苍白回前面说法统计学力必须放思想力根底配合起会虎添翼果没统计学力思想通方式表达出时表达稍差点果没思想力统计力会知道该干什现世界社会学潮流程度美国带动直影响中国社会学教学受影响全面美国社会样性社会保护少数派发社会学时候受流影响更少数派状况赶美国少数派状况里数量派影响美国潮流美国带动起检点优秀社会学著作少数量化研究少思想定性觉出现种剪刀差天潮流似数量研究占风三年五年十年优秀作品数量风格占风真觉占风谈古典学数量风格作导方啊支持告诫数量方法学时提高思想力莫处帮助样做数量研究行竞争中占风许数量处理力差思想优势发现问题知道该统计什
伟社会学家找十二十少搞数量时候解释点数量搞纯抽象理思维智力中等学者说干非干必然庸相反调查样实实工作帮助中等水准饭碗饭碗没端通统计表述通统计发现等然已发现清楚统计重新表述没意思统计帮助发现仅仅帮助做表述说统计帮助中等偏做脚踏实工作思想家做思想家少数统计社会揭示出事实全社会处惜统计常识作注脚太遗憾没社会做实工作没发现更事实条分缕析非常滑稽事情缺少宏观批判学科部方法批评学科中欠缺类学术批评
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考研难少专业课书籍背少英语单词没背会少政治题会背真正困难心里焦躁安够信里家分享关备战考研心供家参考
备战考研心1
20_年考研越越相信会少学会考研政治放复诚然言较明智做法考研政治考研数学考研英语考研专业课数学专业课理解种公式模型解读理解延伸果没吃较透根题目懂考研英语积累程英语根难短时间提高剩政治政治需理解更联想记忆记忆政治成超短时间达预期效果科目然果时间够搞什考验突击堂堂正正A行
考研政治突击诀窍：心态备考事半功倍
家备考阶段容易进入瓶颈期阶段答题正确率备考效率会倒退心情会受直接影响事实会遇问题关键正确处理调节家切记保持积极乐观心态
考研政治突击诀窍二：点带面重点突击
时根底知识复适合广撒网家根预测题者时事政治热点备考相关容外练真题程查漏补缺程遇感觉薄弱局部进行重点记忆通某点牵扯出片容
考研政治突击诀窍三：真题预测题
家阶段进入疲惫期愿意段时间做整套模拟题者真题较钟爱预测题实种做法安做预测题会增加侥幸心理侥幸心理扩会没心思认真复希寄托侥幸更重会毫信心然模拟真实考试环境方式答题必性众周知查漏补缺二握做题时间提前熟悉环境外预测题考生该关注重点全部
考研政治突击诀窍四：时事政治热点
纲规定时政考查6分4道选择题(2道单项选择2道项选择)通分析历年真题发现时政贯穿考研政治科目中考查分数远远超6分外紧抓热点时政利解答分析题时联系实际话说外时政阶段较容易提分局部费点功夫值
备战考研心2
年学生毕业季节家着落学毕业出路外考研考公务员进国企进私企进外企出国留学创业种方式种方式什利弊呢面分析做决定前理性分析利弊仔细思考底想什样生活许职场士常方法供学参考
利延缓业压力推迟业期城市学校研究解决户口问题提高身学历增强竞争力国家出台新研究扩招政策考研相容易够更高文学术创见着方直努力毕业获稳定工作
弊研究生毕业毕业压力更年轻竞争者压力越加沉重读研期间定学身职业处知识会白白浪费积累验时间研究会生扩招会出现学扩招相结果研究学历定程度贬值许毕业选择考博研究生毕业博士毕业年龄偏失年龄优势特女生面更年龄歧视学术研究层次越高业面越窄毕业面更加剧烈竞争时已难放弃专业
建议果某专业某种学问法遏制热爱相应研究力浪费爱天继续深造终天会建树果考研躲避缓解业压力建议考研研究生毕业压力增减会丧失积累验时机试想23年少时机失交臂
年龄时候种优势年轻犯错误时候会改正错误时机旦年纪开始接触社会时机会相应减少试想二十岁学生犯错误单位会念年纪予原谅三十岁犯样错误会惊讶甚认原谅善年龄优势留余
利：稳定收入生活良保障公务员收入高福利极定社会位相应权限职业轨迹确定工作没太浮动性国家机构员工身带荣誉性质
弊：工作相枯燥忙起极忙闲起极闲考试没完没升职总考试考核挂钩机关际关系复杂收入稳定没幅提高保持均水准坐清水衙门没晋升容易没成感
建议：志政权利欲真心想改变国计民生状况想稳定工作选择考公务员公务员工作果心境淡泊没野心失错选择够保证安定生活充足时间果想升职长期奋斗(少15年)决心高明际头脑否太容易出头
3国企(事业单位)
利稳定收入良福利保障国家做盾安系数高 国企注重员工素质求员工处事遵循定规学少东西行业工作相安逸心理压力相较低国企锻炼够形成良业观
弊入门难容易进入资排辈想出头般需年奋斗际关系较复杂中西部国企遇般
建议国企际关系复杂初入中学毕业生许会摸门路资排辈现实更接气学生心生服然国企正克服述弱点
利够发挥力开展空间较够快学实知识私企工作单调需职形中提高力劳私企老板会奉献决定遇形成良性循环性升职积累验相更快想跳槽容易
弊风险较方济危机私企批批倒台公司保证福利企业文环境参差齐极极差 竞争相剧烈工作环境稳定岗性制度合理吃亏忍着
建议毕业生愿意选择私企认私企门槛较低更易积累验形成直接进入私企〞意识私企素质参差齐毕业生缺乏验容易第份工作定型错误观念良职场惯会限制开展时私企样广阔开展空间会束缚私企应慎重考虑
利：高薪福利工作环境外企系统企业文化理制度够学更东西强调性创造性利培养力利搭建脉注重员工开展予员工诸培训实力雄厚会出现拖欠工资罔顾员工权利等 现象
弊：起点高开展空间工作量加班加吐血竞争剧烈神时紧绷入核心机构难加难性非常外语高求
建议：外企高薪高酬毕业生追求目标进入外企感受成熟企业环境理系统利毕业生学更东西力行业观念企业文化意识外企够全方位充实员工头脑外企竞争剧烈职位定级聪明会进入外企学先进理验技术然创业
利：增长见闻开拓视野成见识掌握门外语受益终身磨练生存力培养吃苦精神学外国优秀处学校专业够学真正知识硬文时机进入外国公司者移民
弊：出国留学需笔金钱投资定相应回报国外消费水高许常会感入敷出国家排性强法真正融入学中外国济危机闹厉害工作时机更少果没学真正知识会白白浪费年光阴笔金钱
建议：年轻时候时机见见世面件事果条件出国留学妨出果没学校者专业必出国镀金样资金创业投资意义更
利：必工事业做全方位锻炼力 限度激发潜质 培养系统性思维力 创业成功成感取代
弊：目前中国创业环境健全需笔较开支需长远目光周密规划毕业生社会验少缺乏实践验乐观容易碰壁创业失败会感觉击巨
建议：学毕业生想成功创业需远理想激情行动力领导力商业信超强适应性毕业生心智观察市场眼光领导气质定欠缺想创业需急时进家公司积累丰富验脉辞职创业更妥成功率更高
利：充分发挥爱时间充裕够全面安排生活挑战性高生活易枯燥理想生活心灵充实
弊：没稳定收入必须注意社保养老问题脱离社会太久容易融入制力求极高会入敷出情况江郎顾虑
建议：职业适合艺术气质SOHO族生活然令羡慕存隐患容视控力强方案性强理财观念够适应职业保证生活容易产生惰性需工作标准建议太〞
备战考研心3
生活流水永远知道秒会潮里科毕业选择考研接爱情择城择校择生活谈起研究生三年想说实挺味道
导师夫妻组合科博士副教授刚进组求发高档次文章必须区JACSAngew Chem IntAM等便挑倍感压力山美丽生活击区理想中开始早八点纸质版签中规中矩设计实验讨实验撰写报告参加组会组会实较喜欢选择高档次文章阅读讲解家起讨家做东西样什错误没创新性发高问题懂现太理解家做修复发文章高老师说试试遇家做导电修复发更高根AM老板说样着前言潮漂流 研究生生活历时15年篇导电修复文章数起导师撰写目前AM组振奋口号会篇AM结果两周拒稿转投2点三区求导师拒导师隐瞒段时间告诉坏消息怕伤心吧接转投ACSnano编建设性意见补数补数考虑送审时候放弃距离毕业已老师商量局部工作拆开成两局部第局部投CC年家没闲着整理中文改成英文年回女博士导师说前言太差投通讯文章迫放弃读文献验前局部工作淡没希老师说想法全部工作投JMCA说干干天午英文版整理模板中历时周投出20天审回两审稿没什意见补数修历次修接受时候第次申请学位时间已错失恋痛苦真心话实没工作时手已篇中文核心两篇创造专利已公开政策妥协学位结果会丢掉贵工作时间痛苦样会快乐文章愿接收影响子出7443创造专利项获国家授权刚学位证书7月7号公司正式班喜事算点抚慰
求学道路会遇击坚持吃点苦忍忍电影里句台词担忧切会相信
备战考研心4
学科领域否导师决定学生研究生涯初期成败〞 什样导师导师呢
学科领域否导师决定学生研究生涯初期成败〞 [1]
什样导师导师呢2005年Nature创立the Nature awards for mentoring in science表彰指导研究生方面卓成效导师关员广泛收集总结学生导师评价总结成导师16条建议 [2]学生智力力尊重学生职业开展(甚选择非学术道路)尊重等等
文分列出16条建议引学生comments作例证基博士导师 科期间两导师种历highlightcomment里深感触方异国求学supportive导师父亲般存(撒花)~
外认导师nice〞说法太笼统认挑导师两维度：做治学真正导师做方面正直体尊重学生学生沐春风心情愉快感价值受认做研究方面非常responsible学生研究生涯开展力push少放羊点学生紧张点总松懈——五年PHD实短哒
1 Be available：学生时帮助反应
George meets with his students very regularly and is always available to them I cannot remember him ever cancelling an appointment with me despite the tremendous demands on his time (he was Head of Department for some of the time that I was his student) He reads drafts promptly and provides clear constructive comments He is never negative and never belittles even the most junior of students
Undoubtedly the greatest attribute of Charless mentorship style is his accessibility Rarely in the 6 years I was in his laboratory did I note him not to have an open door to discuss recent results with anyone from within or indeed from outside herhis laboratory This availability combined with Charless approachable attitude resulted in a mentor that you were not afraid to speak to with whatever result you had in hand be it positive or negative Even after leaving his laboratory I founds his door was always open to discuss scientific ideas
2 Respect：尊重学生格智力
Mary treats her colleagues regardless of whether they are doing a PhD or if they are a fellow Professor with the same high regard In doing so she inspires confidence in her collaborators
般言吐槽导师点做差学生做干活机器
3 Be generous：私分享精神
Marks magnanimity in sharing his own ideas and delight in seeing others succeed has also been an inspiration not just for myself but for a whole generation of younger scientists
Sally did and still does this by allowing them to run with ideas that she helped to develop or even produced herself entirely and by allowing them to take on senior authorship on important papers even though she could claim it for herself
4 Individual difference：学生想追求生目标学生私生活
A mentor needs the ability to create a unique relationship with each member of the lab Francis possesses this attribute and sees the strengths and skills of each individual and then designs projects to suit these strengths Her ability to understand that not everyone works in the same way or wants the same things from their lives enables her to produce the best results from people
Not everybody wants to be a leading researcher and some have skills that better suit them to other occupations There is little point in encouraging young people to take on a career to which they may be unsuited or which they will find stressful or uninteresting So I believe it is necessary sometimes to encourage them into other directions
段话非常感动——觉种意志选择私尊重简直种伟性光芒正原文[2]指出there is more to life that what they do in the lab They need freedom to smell the roses as one mentee put it If things change and appear to be going wrong we need to try and understand why If personal life is becoming tough then give them time and space Good mentors make themselves aware of this Again we are often so busy we dont notice A good supervisormentor appreciates these differences and does not try and fit square pegs in round holes They know when to back off and let people make their own decisions and when to come in and offer support and sympathy
5 For Life：日师终身父
Hassan takes a continuing interest in his students so twenty years after I completed my PhD with him he is still my first port of call when I have a thorny issue to discuss or urgently require a reference and he has never let me down
Agreeing to supervise a PhD student entails making a commitment to much more than the daytoday overview of a series of experiments or the development of a programme of analysis that leads to new physicalmathematical theory It involves forging rapport with the student that potentially lasts a lifetime
6 Actively research：常亲线研究工作
Lead from the front be a researcher your self white coat on and not desk bound
7 Balance direction：放手学生explore想法project需时候予学生关键性指导建议效提高学生性动性
As a research supervisor and mentor shehe has an incredible ability to find the perfect balance between allowing the student to develop and explore their own ideas research plans and projects providing them with expert guidance direction when needed and most importantly providing the inspiration to achieve their best
8 Celebrate：学生庆祝成功
Jane sees the importance of bringing people’s social lives and work lives together Our lab is always keen to celebrate the achievements of its members with coffee and cakes outings for lunch or BBQs at her house
The first time a person comes up with a novel idea or experiment of their own This should be an occasion for public recognition within the lab as it is a milestone of great significance for most young scientists
9 Building a community：研究组里培养谐关系社区属感鼓励合作非竞争
Eli manages to create a nurturing yet scientifically intense lab atmosphere that promotes the production of highquality science without the element of interpersonal competition that is unfortunately so evident in many laboratories particularly here in the United States
10 Be social：家起玩~
I aim to build team spirit by supporting social events throughout the year and by celebrating every birthday with a morning or afternoon tea at work Originally I organized social events myself but I now leave the details up to group members so that we can enjoy a diverse range of events that reflect the interests of the group from canoeing to karaoke
The most useful single thing Ive learned is that chocolate biscuits do more for everyones good humour and enthusiasm than any amount of feelgood talk The role of blood sugar should probably have been obvious to a biologist from the outset but I only learned this by experience Mind you cheerful and encouraging talk are good too as also are gin and tonic
11 Create networks：学生创造合作展示时机
An important catalyst for many of us was Rene’s attitude to networking – he endeavored to send all his students and postdocs to good scientific meetings because he realized how important it was for us to start making connections with peers in our field early in our careers Right from the start we were exhorted to take every opportunity to talk to people because it was a strongly held opinion of his that you learnt just as much at breakfast conversations and in postconference drinks as you did from the presentations themselves It was not uncommon to hear that he had lobbied for an opportunity for a postdoc to speak at a conference rather than doing so himselfbecause he recognized the value of becoming known especially given our distance from North America and Europe
Elizabeth has maintained contact with her previous students and is quick to make links between the many people she knows and any project that comes under her discussion She encourages collaboration and would very quickly point to potential collaborators Liz also would be quick toinclude students in on social occasions with high profile scientists visiting the university This allowed students to get to know the scientists and vice versa and again served as a time when students could voice their thoughts and ideas to very knowledgeable and experienced researchers
comment：觉B方面加强方介绍contacts to promote their students and young staff〞 方when a distinguished scientist comes to visit the School they not only introduce them but also give them an opportunity to present or discuss their work〞方果B指点学校合作研究者更
12 Question Listen：问问题激发答案连串问题persistently keeps the questions flowing to help the answer come along
Rather than directly providing me with interesting ideas heshe is able to ask the right questions to allow me to come up with my own theories and ideas
Elspeth makes you feel special She makes you feel valued and is genuinely interested in people’s welfare She doesn’t preach She questions and lets you speak She listens and provides an environment where you can put forward ideas and then she facilitates the evolution of your own answers
13 Enhancing criticism：通种方式锻炼学生批判性思维
Catherine has focused on equipping people with the skills to be fully functioning members of the scientific community able to prepare grant applications review manuscripts speak at conferences and engage with scientific administrators in a constructive manner Such a holistic approach to running a scientific group will ultimately bring enormous benefit to the group’s alumni giving them all the skills necessary to carve out their own niches in the academic world
To the uninitiated the scientific literature is a baffling mass of conflicting ideas and results accepted wisdom and false assumptions The mentor can help by alerting the new student to papers that heshe considers of particular interest and by going over the most pertinent ones with the student in some detail It also helps greatly for the laboratory or department to establish a journal club’ where students regularly take turns dissecting one or two relevant current papers and their background with input from other students and faculty members Participating in such discussions can greatly sharpen the student’s critical acumen and judgement
里段更详细建议读起较高端离种三年级博士生远感觉——
A journal club is one strategy students should not only participate in the critique of key papers but they should regularly take the lead by selecting reviewing and critiquing papers themselves Students should be involved from the beginning in the teams grant applications They should also be put in the position of interviewers in mock interviews They should take the position of journal referee of papers submitted from the group and be encouraged to make a decision re acceptance resubmission or rejection The actual reviews that come back then provide the basic for a very rich discussion In summary we should create a situation where our students practice all the things we do that make us a scientist
14 Enhancing writing：锻炼学生科学写作力直writing成学生第二天性
Given the vital role of publications and grants in any scientific career learning to write effectively is an essential key to career advancement Therefore I try diligently to instil the basics of clear scientific writing After an extended discussion with the student of the results to be shown in a paper I nearly always let himher prepare the first draft and then begin the reiterative revision process using track changes’ to show what has been done
练present students with a manuscript they have not seen with either the abstract introduction or discussion omitted and getting them to write their version which can then be compared with the original 正文章[2]指出The more writing we give students to do the more we burden ourselves but that is part of the contract A positive comment on all the mentors was that they gave feedback on written work very quickly Hard to do but essential〞
15 Enhancing presentation good readable slides logical presentation and clear speaking
She also expects students to give practice talks in the group before presenting at conferences and has developed a good technique for improving seminar performances through questions and feedback
Although few students have a natural gift for giving a scientific talk all can learn if given sufficient practice and advice I always suggest that the student provide me with a runthrough a week or two before a presentation to allow sufficient time for revisions
文章作者指出This was often embarrassing in that the standard of honours seminars and graduate student presentation was way better than the presentations of senior staff members the students experienced at conferences 〞哈哈哈哈
16 Seek feedback：什优点缺乏听听学生说
胆量话Selfassessment how good a mentor are you〞丢老板做吧~
备战考研心5
发现问题
搞社会学研究首先发现社会问题问题值思考深究什方发现社会问题认非专业调查者两方发现问题
处媒体处日常生活报纸播送电视等媒体报道法直接解社会事实社会现象社会问题类媒体专门化理著作中报纸播送电视社会问题方式解释问题什会样什会发生升种理高度探讨规律性东西
处日常生活中发现社会问题果专业调查者通调查发现社会问题日常生活媒体报道专业调查者概媒体日常生活接触社会
两方面存着特点问题报纸理著作中记者学者社会问题描述分析够理解果说社会问题历距离远够理解理解性建立两前提第良想象力第二生活历生活历遭遇完全样毫疑问社会历帮助理解做恰较火灾中烧听说难烧没什感身受呢体验伤痛根没体验疼痛话难体会实际痛感帮理解样痛感根类推生活差距困境中理解需具定社会历社会历遭遇差异然帮助理解必少东西换句话说果社会历更点更帮助理解遭遇肯定限社会验实践者研究者验实践者等量齐观时候历稍点利理解
二问题社会问题
生活中问题社会问题公话题日常生活中升社会问题层面私问题讨讨日常生活发现社会问题说日常生活中起似问题关联社会问题问题身社会问题方家庭贫困考分数高学学遭遇种问题社会问题问题里面包含着社会素方说离婚毫疑问问题时社会问题果离婚率直低离婚便什社会问题代社会中离婚现象遭遇离婚实际牵扯社会素牵扯普遍价值观念变化直接间接影响某体婚姻离婚素关联
述日常生活中面问题直接社会问题包含着社会素问题成社会学心理学研究象问题绝偶然具定普遍性成心理学研究象历问题果带社会素者然问题实际社会问题问题转化成社会问题努力解决失恋问题时调整心理努力失象找回遭遇问题时社会问题时角度做出思考方说矿难果亲戚遭遇矿难直接想救助赔偿时升社会问题考虑说问题转化社会问题包含社会素问题理解思考日社会问题理解思考根底生活验加书学两点结合发现提出真正质量问题
三日常生活中发现问题
学社会学求学会发现社会问题学会社会问题进行思考开发种力呢重途径日常生活出发放生活中周围发生问题发现问题思考问题力应该里开始锻炼理著作中知道学者样解决问题慢慢获思想力媒体听说远离社会问题理解样举例子说明样说明日常生活中发现问题
家庭中事情事件进入思考方说父母谋生道什直父母养育父母什赚钱样营生生计遭遇什挫折距离观察者消极接受养育没积极帮助连积极观察没仔细观察思考番方想想家庭消费变迁思想会长进明白问题便利窗口农村事更方面农村子弟城市里孩子幸运日做社会学说历丰富更利农村孩子村成员生存方式工赚钱方式分家家庭纠纷邻里纠纷非常趣事情政治权力法权力争夺什政治政治进课堂屡屡说政治字眼实政治学研究什研究权力村庄村庄权力斗争城市里面出生龄绝城市里孩子父亲单位农村孩子幸村庄政治甚听父母议村庄政治时没没必认真想想回事
果说离开村庄少年已日常生活现日常生活中事情密切关注中发现问题锻炼思考力现学中然事中绝发现问题心特肯思想肯观察方说 屋子里差没 仔细想问题买 什实便利时尚没 便利买 获便利重没 时代宿舍 啊够便利读学时宿舍没 想想买 做什例解决急需解决事算算账会行蒙蔽行动找坚实口促进做说服掏钱欺欺算账买已年半年果半年开销想起算周周 干什必干事情假设什买社会风气影响形中参加种时尚确实解决实际需绝值思考
举例子：电脑 样座学电脑然系里面电脑供学学电脑面问题买电脑纯粹必掺杂时尚攀电脑质量档次观察特考虑学家庭济富问题先想想周围学话想想通常行想出理否真成立举两例子动智力思考会发现周围话语实辞动脑子思考前知觉参加种话语中：学生说 需电脑需等等实程度种消费形成时尚作少应该意事情值琢磨道理少边倒思考空间
身边发生事情琢磨琢磨方吸烟校园里乏吸烟耐寻味吸烟学开始吸烟值探讨里学会吸烟天社会应该吸烟越越动戒烟然里学会吸烟挺值追问事情说清楚容易插队时代什吸烟重原省钱史铁生朋友聊天中讨问题史铁生时什抽烟解答什呢省钱――时找吸烟更廉价娱乐方式晚边抽烟边聊天俩善思考两说法完全天风气样样风气然开始学吸烟更值深入思考
外点宽容问题天场合禁止吸烟宿舍里没抽烟抽烟容许抽烟公场合饭厅室图书馆里没抽烟抽烟时没突产生通常情况动接受反制止宽容性关系问题男生抽起烟容易制止女生抽烟容易制止什会样制止男生觉风险较着者善女子更弱更勇气制止关吸烟引起特殊关系：择偶时候方吸烟宽容问题假设两中方抽烟听果男生抽烟般女生宽容程度果女生抽烟男生抽烟宽容程度做统计会发现想象事情种想象事情思考根思考象
问学问题――真知道――学间荣誉声什时代样学体育文艺什东西中学学期间什变化变化社会风气变年龄变北生源什样城乡少中城市少生源中父母职业学毕业等面足够思考甚定思考深度问题民学学济学生想读博士终推荐香港读社会学写篇文章题目性格〞说学性格非常务实务实讲种定义说务实非常实惠风险做胜算高事情举例说明问学高考分数高报里录取问高分学：觉学校断然答复北京两牛校继续追问明明知道两学校更考高分数什报呢答复想险追求保险学务实性方面种务实性源务实风险扎堆块互相影响彼越越务实作非分想险欣赏篇文章重身边寻找思考象问题没说独立发现问题力独立思考力
强调周围发现问题提出问题思考问题提出问题解释问题概念出发日常事情出发努力变敏感敏感天生天生素重视点老瞪眼睛会变更敏感领受生活中事情情节刺激启示轻易溜走做认真观察者执著思考者系里常家提供实时机挺实时机身处容易走时空里面
四学写社会杂文
家试着写点社会杂文写发现问题者媒体发现问题见解果迫开始样作迫思考笔写时候必然整理思路深化思想原觉哎点想法准备写纸时候发现想法限原想法挺清楚写纸时候会觉逻辑进步梳理写作反进步锻炼发现问题解释问题力然毫疑问锻炼写作力门课特推荐书『社会学想象力』书附录里面说句话说学说写作周进行事情社会学系学文笔教学生中文笔数新闻学院显然高社会学系学应该然家什报考新闻学院然觉写作长处入学前事入校锻炼家少少天写篇东西假坚持礼拜写篇东西肯定天水准告诉求天说周围发现问题发现明白事情努力解释养成惯迫段时间写点杂文时写作帮助梳理思路做更深入思考时更求瞪眼睛发现问题
老老实实成认写作天分极数方面普通力气锻炼样领生受穷方会重视起步阶段领先步锁定样差距话讲说果领导毕业生刚刚报派分头写篇报告报告说：赵趟写报告找赵找赵起步时候高块屡屡锻炼久久赵进步更早年微差距极锁定两间差距差距日益扩中位拥更锻炼时机现定写作力提样毕业时候开始真正竞争力相说口实口般思想制胜措辞说口天生更胡诌做演讲社会学系普通教授十倍什时机起步时候表现欲强敢张口领先步时机十倍
五学术研究日常生活
说学术研究日常生活关系介绍『社会学想象力』里面观点米尔斯说数学者割裂学术研究日常生活思想家样时候想庸学者写东西爱讲述观点时候心没激情然理探讨理性东西写作动两作者写作时候强烈情绪支撑着没写出东西判然饱满情感更产生生存体验米尔斯话说思想家没割裂思想生活
米尔斯第二观点学者说学术研究应该成生活方式仅仅工作治学应该成生活核心整治学程应该极改变性格生活工作融体样会利切时机发现问题获信息学会惯生活验融学术
米尔斯第三观点善利边缘信息利街谈巷议利耳闻目睹事件
米尔斯说第四观点：现代社会结构现代分工现代生活验前少格外珍惜已获验然助媒体获量信息时果拓宽生活触角面提出问题领会解答时候会较隔膜
拓宽视野关注形形色色问题画牢卖社会学应该说解释社会问题释放社会学家心中困顿社会学者然会非常关注社会问题发现社会问题努力思考时类型问题应该治学早年进入头脑中方说哲学历史学问题思考思考现作业日作品职业没直接联系安排思想者心果东西解敏感全面现代分工造狭隘匠会解答问题安排需果哲学问题历史问题没进头脑怪旦进入头脑力思考找点相关东西读读磨砺思想力历史学哲学社会学着密切关系思想家做非常喻说哲学家美学家科学家攀金字塔金字塔侧面顶峰攀登攀登越高相互距离越层次越低离越远做学者提高思想力关键什专门讲节学会思想〞呢关键关键读书关键肚子知识俗话说茶壶里煮饺子――倒出〞原缺少条线散落知识串起线思想力终学者判定见分析力少书书提高思想力没提高算白干行读书思想提出问题解题问题问题相关太相关帮助提高思考力
六观察日常生活心笔记
说点做笔记读书做笔记发现问题做笔记读『社会学想象力』收获珍惜点滴思想记米尔斯学术档案学术档案分两路路读书笔记点加心路观察日常生活发现问题思考记两路笔记两路径进展会相互影响书读观察周围会新眼光阅历观察读书会更心相反善观察思考读出书中精妙处
第讲时候非常强调动力天家讲养成勤观察周围事情日常生活周边等提出问题做出解答惯认支撑学者成功两动力动力知识智力纯粹奇心社会公正关心少欠缺关注社会公正样视野容易狭窄公正问题没什关联事情引起奇心引起关注丧失掉学术营养思想营养样容易政治化成政治动物光智力奇心没社会公正关心研究社会问题动力缺乏常社会公正非常关注学者写出东西激情四溢觉味道够纯粹学者没种超越政治更博智力关心两句话概括天讲容第句学思罔思学殆〞学读书思天讲东西两者相辅相成相互促进第二句话世事洞明皆学问情练达文章〞路径开展光读书成特学社会学勤周围历中发现问题提出问题解答问题
答复列问题：
问：觉北社会学系传统重视韦伯重视生活中行意义理解重视理解式解释外种传统更加流行实证义数理统计更加受科学影响样写文章时候者社会问题时候二者联系起
答：倾思想力切学术根底学术风格思想力根底举吸烟例子说明吸烟牵扯宽容性相关性公场合中宽容性择偶中宽容性等等告诉调查统计谁做谁吸烟问题想变量手做研究统计学教授种社会学思考力样思路做思想力统计力样思想知道寻找验证种相关性统计年鉴统计条款越越思想者工作告诉统计J事项关系需统计果没思想者创造性工作没新关键性条款设立说思想力根底
问：思想框架影响问卷设计影响收集数样保证思维完整逻辑完整类型完整抽样完整方说次参加问卷调查设计调查前提类型假设……
答：说事解试着般意义答复问题数量化研究仅学学者觉花力气应没难度没深度没疑问谓问题知道什做觉思想非常苍白回前面说法统计学力必须放思想力根底配合起会虎添翼果没统计学力思想通方式表达出时表达稍差点果没思想力统计力会知道该干什现世界社会学潮流程度美国带动直影响中国社会学教学受影响全面美国社会样性社会保护少数派发社会学时候受流影响更少数派状况赶美国少数派状况里数量派影响美国潮流美国带动起检点优秀社会学著作少数量化研究少思想定性觉出现种剪刀差天潮流似数量研究占风三年五年十年优秀作品数量风格占风真觉占风谈古典学数量风格作导方啊支持告诫数量方法学时提高思想力莫处帮助样做数量研究行竞争中占风许数量处理力差思想优势发现问题知道该统计什
伟社会学家找十二十少搞数量时候解释点数量搞纯抽象理思维智力中等学者说干非干必然庸相反调查样实实工作帮助中等水准饭碗饭碗没端通统计表述通统计发现等然已发现清楚统计重新表述没意思统计帮助发现仅仅帮助做表述说统计帮助中等偏做脚踏实工作思想家做思想家少数统计社会揭示出事实全社会处惜统计常识作注脚太遗憾没社会做实工作没发现更事实条分缕析非常滑稽事情缺少宏观批判学科部方法批评学科中欠缺类学术批评
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