专题八 非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括定式动词ing分词等种形式历年高考必考容年会12题涉该部分点考点集中：非谓语动词作定语区动名词定式作宾语法较现分词分词法较特定句型中非谓语动词法等
高考考点透视
1．非谓语动词构成语法功法
2．非谓语动词完成式动式法特点
3．非谓语动词复合结构否定形式
4．定式动名词动名词现分词现分词分词分词作状语独立结构等法
5．定式动名词物动词作宾语区考查热点
6．分词作定语定式分词作宾语补足语法
7．定式标志to介词to法判断等
8．带to带to定式法区
考点考查谓语动词非谓语动词识
英语句子少应该包括语谓语两部分 数情况谓语动词充果句子成分划分清谓语动词非谓语动词混淆 做题效果想知克服毛病关键正确判断识动词句中否充谓语：
1 The children (play) _____ the violin over there will go on the stage next week
根句子结构出简单句语The children谓语部分will go on the stage动词play显然句中作谓语应非谓语动词形式play逻辑语children间动关系拉提琴动作正进行判断现分词作定语修饰children意正边拉提琴孩正确答案playing
考点二考查作状语非谓语动词辨析
作状语非谓语动词考查种形式辨析选择动词定式现分词分词作状语 状语非谓语动词求 动词定式作目结果原状语现分词分词作时间原条件步方式伴状语两者处：现分词作状语时现分词动作句子语动作逻辑语句子语间关系动关系分词作状语时然逻辑语句子语分词表示动作句子语承受动作间关系动关系请面例题：
1____tired of Tom’s alltalknoaction attitude Julia decided to do the job all by herself
A) To get B) To have got
C) Getting D) Have got
般说句子中没连接词情况 逗号力连接两句子首先确定 简单句非谓语动词短语放句首作状语非谓语动词短语get tired of逻辑语Julia间动关系谓语动词非谓语动词表示动作时发生没明显先序断定应现分词般式作原状语厌倦Tom说做工作态度正确答案C
考点三考查非谓语动词逻辑语分辨
非谓语动词然句中作谓语然逻辑语历年种考试重点正确分辨非谓语动词逻辑语什两者间动关系动关系特非谓语动词作状语时候知道非谓语动词放句首作状语时候般说逻辑语句子语逻辑语句子语时会出现什现象呢？请面例题：
1 The last bus (go)____ we had to walk home
2 Weather (permit)____ the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening
两非谓语动词短语逻辑语句子语分逻辑语 末班车开走走天气允许飞船允许种现象结构独立格结构非谓语动词逻辑语动关系正确答案分having gonepermitting
请面例题：
3 The work (finish) _____ they may go home
4 The problem (discuss) _____ at the meeting room now the workers had to wait outdoors
样两道题结构独立格结构非谓语动词逻辑语间动关系非谓语动词表示动作发生时间性判断正确答案分finished(已完成)being discussed(正进行)
考点四考查非谓语动词时态语态握
非谓语动词然句中作谓语然具动词特征语(逻辑语)时态语态变化非谓语动词种时态形式句子谓语动词时态形式变化般情况果非谓语动词表示动作谓语动词表示动作时发生 非谓语动词般
式进行式(侧重强调动作正进行)果非谓语动词表示动作谓语动词表示动作前发生非谓语动词完成式(特强调动作发生先)非谓语动词语态正确握非谓语动词逻辑语间动关系动关系例：
____ that Bob had got promoted his friends came to congratulate him
A) Heard B) Having heard
C) Hear D) To hear
非谓语动词hear逻辑语his friends间动关系前句逻辑关系断定现分词形式作时间状语根现分词动作听说发生谓语动词前判断应该现分词完成式(作状语时)意听说Bob已提升朋友表示祝贺正确答案B
考点五考查非谓语动词作语时句式转变
非谓语动词（动词定式动名词）作语考查句式转变惯通常it作形式语放句首作题时善分辨种形式转变请面例题：
1 It is an honour for me (be) _____ your English teacher
2 It is no use of us (wait) _____ at home like this
根句式分析判断出It形式语真正语非谓语动词(动词定式动名词)充表语特性句式特点断定第1题应该填动词定式to be第2题应该填动名词waiting
六考查作定语非谓语动词判断
非谓语动词作定语考查非谓语动词作置定语情况里关键握住非谓语动词逻辑语间动行动行非谓语动词表示动作发生时间性正进行已完成发生般说现分词般式作定语表示动作动行正进行中果动作动行正进行中现分词般式动语态分词作定语表示动作动行已完成 动词定式作定语表示发生动作果动行动词定式般式动语态 例：
1 The boy (cry)____ over there is my younger brother
cry逻辑语The boy间动关系cry动作正进行现分词作定语修饰boy正确答案crying
精选试题 名校模拟题答案
1 Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college
A entermB to enter
C enteringmD entered
2He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus
A to hopemB hope
C hopingmD hoped
3He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English
A practisemB to practise
C practisingmD practised
4Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English
A improvemB to improve
C improvingD to improving
5 He knows nothing about it so he can’t help _______ any of your work
A doingB to do
C being doingD to be done
6 All her time _______ experiments she has no time for films
A devoted to do B devoted to doing
C devoting to doing D is devoted to doing
7 Once your business becomes international _____ constantly will be part of your life
A you fly B your flight
C flight D flying
8 Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well
A to work to do B to working to doing
C to work to doing D to working to do
9 Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me but I don’t think it is necessary
A to buy B buying
C on buying D in buying
10 Do you have anything more ______ sir No You can have a rest or do something else
A typing B to be typed
C typed D to type
11 I don’t know whether you happen ____ it but I’m going to study in the USA this September
A to be heard B to be hearing C to hear D to have heard
12 _____ and out of breath we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery
A Tiring to admire B Being tired admiring
C Tired to admire D Tired admiring
13 Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth
A run B running C being run D to run
14 He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger
A put B to be put C to put D putting
15 _____ the diamond he had to look for a place to hide it
A Having stolen B Having been stolen C Stolen D Stealing
16 To answer correctly is more important than _____
A that you finish quickly B finishing quickly C to finish quickly D finish quickly
17 You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go
A to be advertised B advertised C advertise D advertising
18 The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river
A to have discovered B to have been discovered
C to discover D having been discovered
19 —— Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher
——Yes I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener
A to change to be B to change being C changing being D changing to be
20 Mr Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young
A to do B to have done C to be doing D to have been doing
21 Seeing the soldiers well _____ for the floodfight the general nodded with satisfaction
A prepare B preparing C prepared D having prepared
22（山西省晋中市2009学年度高三年级第次调研考试题35）I walked out of the cinema
I＇d never come back to this hell of a place．
A．determining B．decided C．to determine D．to decide
23（山东省日市2009年高三模拟考试26）Every time he had a chancehe would talk about the great difficulty he had in the new country．
A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．settle
24 （山东省济宁市2008—2009学年度高三第阶段质量检测32）There was a sudden burst of light a terrible noise
A．following B．to follow C．followed D．followed by
25（福建福州八中2009年元月高三调研考试试卷30） in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games the little girl Lin Miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world．
A．Dressed B．Worn C．Dressing D．Wearing
26（福建福州八中2009年元月高三调研考试试卷34）The problems at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve．
A．discussed B．to discuss C．to be discussed D．discussing
27（唐山市20082009学年度高第次教学质量检测20）When why he behaved that way at table
he made no reply．
A．being asked B． asked C．asking D．to ask
28 （唐山市20082009学年度高第次教学质量检测23） Mom had a cup of coffee and a few minutes’ rest．
A．With her housework done B．With her housework being done
C．With her housework doing D．With her housework to do
29（湖南省衡阳市八中2009年期高二第次月考试卷31）The manager introduced the rules that she would like to see _______ the next year
A establish B establishing C established D to establish
30（重庆市中0809学年高二学期期末22）_____ in thought completely he didn’t even know what was going on
A Losing B Lost C Having lost D Having been lost
答案解析解析
1
解析实正确答案应B句省略句 could 省略动词 do句子补完整应Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college句中定式短语(to enter a good college)作目状语情态动词(could)起构成谓语
2
解析题答案 CA中现分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 作伴状语
3
解析题答案选 C前面动词 spent 搭配关 spend … (in) doing sth句补充完整 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English
4
解析题答案选D注意两点： devote … to … 固定搭配意……贡献……二中 to 介词定式符号接动词时动名词
5
解析实答案应选A较结构：
can’t help to do sth 帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth 禁住做某事情禁做某事
6
解析题佳答案B现分析：
(1) devote 意致力献身 devote…to…be devoted to中to 介词定式符号接动词时动名词定式
(2) 选A错误： do 改 doing
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments独立格结构作状语
(4) 选C错误：all her time devote 动关系应devoting改devoted
(5) 选D错误：单独 All her time is devoted to doing experiments句没错问题逗号前两简单句没必连接方式整体假句句首加andso选DD中is 改 being选
7
解析佳答案D空格出现constantly副词说明选BCBC均名词受副词 constantly 修饰AD均中动词 fly选Ayou fly 谓结构谓语 will be 相突选D动名词flying作语
8
解析正确答案B get used topay attention to 两结构中to均介词定式符号接动词时动名词动词原形类似结构中 to 介词定式符号接动词时应动名词动词原形
9
解析答案应选C实动词 insist 接定式接动名词insist 通常作物动词语义需接宾语助介词 onupon insist on [upon] (doing) sth时确作物动词宾语通常 that 句普通名词代词动名词
10
解析佳答案B确实have+宾语+定式结构中作定语定式通常动式表示动含义 I have some clothes to wash等中 some clothes 定式 to wash 具动关系惯动式表示动意义值指出类句型语定式具动关系 I have some clothes to wash 中 to wash 该句语 I 完成面题情形中 to type 动作句子语 you完成说话者完成
11
解析happen to have done sth 定式完成时 表示已完成动作强调现影响
答案D
12
解析tired and out of breath形容词介词短语句中作状语stop to do sth 停做外件事
答案C
13
解析非谓语动词作宾语补足语时选项AD表示发生动作B表示宾语持续性动作根句意选B表示水停流出
答案B
14
解析catch sb doing sth表示发觉场捉住 sb做件事情
答案D
15
解析动作发生时间应先偷钻石找方藏匿ing形式完成式
答案 A
16
解析题意正确做出答案快速完成更重两非谓语动词短语形式应保持致
答案C
17
解析advertise意……登广告made in this factory作定语修饰product advertised作宾语补足语
答案B
18
解析定式完成式表示动作发生(定语)句谓语动作前
答案 A
19
解析consider 作考虑解时常接ing形式（短语）作宾语作认 解时常接含名词形容词to be复合结构
答案D
20
解析when young知处应该定式完成式表示动作发生谓语动作前
答案B
21
解析固定短语be (well) prepared for知处应分词作宾补
答案C
22
解析determining 语I 谓关系逗号面列句排选项B定式般表示符合题意
答案 A
23
解析have difficulty （in）doing sth固定搭配选B
答案B
24
解析根常识先见闪电听见雷声分词by引出宾语
答案D
25
解析Dressed in+衣服固定搭配表示处种状态
答案 A
26
解析The problems discuss间动关系应动语态tomorrow时间状语决定应该事情定式表示选C
答案C
27
解析句意：问餐桌旁什样表现时没做出回答根题意应选分词处省略句相when he was asked
答案B
28
解析houseworkdo动宾关系分词done表示动完成符合题意意思做完家务妈妈喝杯咖啡然休息会
答案 A
29
解析see sth done 固定搭配establishrules间动宾关系句子意思：理介绍希明年生效规定
答案C
30
解析句意强调语沉思知道步做什事情语he知应动语态排选项DHaving lost表示动作发生语动作前题意排C分词作形容词表示语处种状态符合题意
答案B
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非谓语动词包括定式动词ing分词等种形式历年高考必考容年会12题涉该部分点考点集中：非谓语动词作定语区动名词定式作宾语法较现分词分词法较特定句型中非谓语动词法等
高考考点透视
1．非谓语动词构成语法功法
2．非谓语动词完成式动式法特点
3．非谓语动词复合结构否定形式
4．定式动名词动名词现分词现分词分词分词作状语独立结构等法
5．定式动名词物动词作宾语区考查热点
6．分词作定语定式分词作宾语补足语法
7．定式标志to介词to法判断等
8．带to带to定式法区
考点考查谓语动词非谓语动词识
英语句子少应该包括语谓语两部分 数情况谓语动词充果句子成分划分清谓语动词非谓语动词混淆 做题效果想知克服毛病关键正确判断识动词句中否充谓语：
1 The children (play) _____ the violin over there will go on the stage next week
根句子结构出简单句语The children谓语部分will go on the stage动词play显然句中作谓语应非谓语动词形式play逻辑语children间动关系拉提琴动作正进行判断现分词作定语修饰children意正边拉提琴孩正确答案playing
考点二考查作状语非谓语动词辨析
作状语非谓语动词考查种形式辨析选择动词定式现分词分词作状语 状语非谓语动词求 动词定式作目结果原状语现分词分词作时间原条件步方式伴状语两者处：现分词作状语时现分词动作句子语动作逻辑语句子语间关系动关系分词作状语时然逻辑语句子语分词表示动作句子语承受动作间关系动关系请面例题：
1____tired of Tom’s alltalknoaction attitude Julia decided to do the job all by herself
A) To get B) To have got
C) Getting D) Have got
般说句子中没连接词情况 逗号力连接两句子首先确定 简单句非谓语动词短语放句首作状语非谓语动词短语get tired of逻辑语Julia间动关系谓语动词非谓语动词表示动作时发生没明显先序断定应现分词般式作原状语厌倦Tom说做工作态度正确答案C
考点三考查非谓语动词逻辑语分辨
非谓语动词然句中作谓语然逻辑语历年种考试重点正确分辨非谓语动词逻辑语什两者间动关系动关系特非谓语动词作状语时候知道非谓语动词放句首作状语时候般说逻辑语句子语逻辑语句子语时会出现什现象呢？请面例题：
1 The last bus (go)____ we had to walk home
2 Weather (permit)____ the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening
两非谓语动词短语逻辑语句子语分逻辑语 末班车开走走天气允许飞船允许种现象结构独立格结构非谓语动词逻辑语动关系正确答案分having gonepermitting
请面例题：
3 The work (finish) _____ they may go home
4 The problem (discuss) _____ at the meeting room now the workers had to wait outdoors
样两道题结构独立格结构非谓语动词逻辑语间动关系非谓语动词表示动作发生时间性判断正确答案分finished(已完成)being discussed(正进行)
考点四考查非谓语动词时态语态握
非谓语动词然句中作谓语然具动词特征语(逻辑语)时态语态变化非谓语动词种时态形式句子谓语动词时态形式变化般情况果非谓语动词表示动作谓语动词表示动作时发生 非谓语动词般
式进行式(侧重强调动作正进行)果非谓语动词表示动作谓语动词表示动作前发生非谓语动词完成式(特强调动作发生先)非谓语动词语态正确握非谓语动词逻辑语间动关系动关系例：
____ that Bob had got promoted his friends came to congratulate him
A) Heard B) Having heard
C) Hear D) To hear
非谓语动词hear逻辑语his friends间动关系前句逻辑关系断定现分词形式作时间状语根现分词动作听说发生谓语动词前判断应该现分词完成式(作状语时)意听说Bob已提升朋友表示祝贺正确答案B
考点五考查非谓语动词作语时句式转变
非谓语动词（动词定式动名词）作语考查句式转变惯通常it作形式语放句首作题时善分辨种形式转变请面例题：
1 It is an honour for me (be) _____ your English teacher
2 It is no use of us (wait) _____ at home like this
根句式分析判断出It形式语真正语非谓语动词(动词定式动名词)充表语特性句式特点断定第1题应该填动词定式to be第2题应该填动名词waiting
六考查作定语非谓语动词判断
非谓语动词作定语考查非谓语动词作置定语情况里关键握住非谓语动词逻辑语间动行动行非谓语动词表示动作发生时间性正进行已完成发生般说现分词般式作定语表示动作动行正进行中果动作动行正进行中现分词般式动语态分词作定语表示动作动行已完成 动词定式作定语表示发生动作果动行动词定式般式动语态 例：
1 The boy (cry)____ over there is my younger brother
cry逻辑语The boy间动关系cry动作正进行现分词作定语修饰boy正确答案crying
精选试题 名校模拟题答案
1 Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college
A entermB to enter
C enteringmD entered
2He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus
A to hopemB hope
C hopingmD hoped
3He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English
A practisemB to practise
C practisingmD practised
4Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English
A improvemB to improve
C improvingD to improving
5 He knows nothing about it so he can’t help _______ any of your work
A doingB to do
C being doingD to be done
6 All her time _______ experiments she has no time for films
A devoted to do B devoted to doing
C devoting to doing D is devoted to doing
7 Once your business becomes international _____ constantly will be part of your life
A you fly B your flight
C flight D flying
8 Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well
A to work to do B to working to doing
C to work to doing D to working to do
9 Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me but I don’t think it is necessary
A to buy B buying
C on buying D in buying
10 Do you have anything more ______ sir No You can have a rest or do something else
A typing B to be typed
C typed D to type
11 I don’t know whether you happen ____ it but I’m going to study in the USA this September
A to be heard B to be hearing C to hear D to have heard
12 _____ and out of breath we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery
A Tiring to admire B Being tired admiring
C Tired to admire D Tired admiring
13 Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth
A run B running C being run D to run
14 He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger
A put B to be put C to put D putting
15 _____ the diamond he had to look for a place to hide it
A Having stolen B Having been stolen C Stolen D Stealing
16 To answer correctly is more important than _____
A that you finish quickly B finishing quickly C to finish quickly D finish quickly
17 You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go
A to be advertised B advertised C advertise D advertising
18 The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river
A to have discovered B to have been discovered
C to discover D having been discovered
19 —— Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher
——Yes I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener
A to change to be B to change being C changing being D changing to be
20 Mr Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young
A to do B to have done C to be doing D to have been doing
21 Seeing the soldiers well _____ for the floodfight the general nodded with satisfaction
A prepare B preparing C prepared D having prepared
22（山西省晋中市2009学年度高三年级第次调研考试题35）I walked out of the cinema
I＇d never come back to this hell of a place．
A．determining B．decided C．to determine D．to decide
23（山东省日市2009年高三模拟考试26）Every time he had a chancehe would talk about the great difficulty he had in the new country．
A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．settle
24 （山东省济宁市2008—2009学年度高三第阶段质量检测32）There was a sudden burst of light a terrible noise
A．following B．to follow C．followed D．followed by
25（福建福州八中2009年元月高三调研考试试卷30） in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games the little girl Lin Miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world．
A．Dressed B．Worn C．Dressing D．Wearing
26（福建福州八中2009年元月高三调研考试试卷34）The problems at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve．
A．discussed B．to discuss C．to be discussed D．discussing
27（唐山市20082009学年度高第次教学质量检测20）When why he behaved that way at table
he made no reply．
A．being asked B． asked C．asking D．to ask
28 （唐山市20082009学年度高第次教学质量检测23） Mom had a cup of coffee and a few minutes’ rest．
A．With her housework done B．With her housework being done
C．With her housework doing D．With her housework to do
29（湖南省衡阳市八中2009年期高二第次月考试卷31）The manager introduced the rules that she would like to see _______ the next year
A establish B establishing C established D to establish
30（重庆市中0809学年高二学期期末22）_____ in thought completely he didn’t even know what was going on
A Losing B Lost C Having lost D Having been lost
答案解析解析
1
解析实正确答案应B句省略句 could 省略动词 do句子补完整应Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college句中定式短语(to enter a good college)作目状语情态动词(could)起构成谓语
2
解析题答案 CA中现分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 作伴状语
3
解析题答案选 C前面动词 spent 搭配关 spend … (in) doing sth句补充完整 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English
4
解析题答案选D注意两点： devote … to … 固定搭配意……贡献……二中 to 介词定式符号接动词时动名词
5
解析实答案应选A较结构：
can’t help to do sth 帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth 禁住做某事情禁做某事
6
解析题佳答案B现分析：
(1) devote 意致力献身 devote…to…be devoted to中to 介词定式符号接动词时动名词定式
(2) 选A错误： do 改 doing
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments独立格结构作状语
(4) 选C错误：all her time devote 动关系应devoting改devoted
(5) 选D错误：单独 All her time is devoted to doing experiments句没错问题逗号前两简单句没必连接方式整体假句句首加andso选DD中is 改 being选
7
解析佳答案D空格出现constantly副词说明选BCBC均名词受副词 constantly 修饰AD均中动词 fly选Ayou fly 谓结构谓语 will be 相突选D动名词flying作语
8
解析正确答案B get used topay attention to 两结构中to均介词定式符号接动词时动名词动词原形类似结构中 to 介词定式符号接动词时应动名词动词原形
9
解析答案应选C实动词 insist 接定式接动名词insist 通常作物动词语义需接宾语助介词 onupon insist on [upon] (doing) sth时确作物动词宾语通常 that 句普通名词代词动名词
10
解析佳答案B确实have+宾语+定式结构中作定语定式通常动式表示动含义 I have some clothes to wash等中 some clothes 定式 to wash 具动关系惯动式表示动意义值指出类句型语定式具动关系 I have some clothes to wash 中 to wash 该句语 I 完成面题情形中 to type 动作句子语 you完成说话者完成
11
解析happen to have done sth 定式完成时 表示已完成动作强调现影响
答案D
12
解析tired and out of breath形容词介词短语句中作状语stop to do sth 停做外件事
答案C
13
解析非谓语动词作宾语补足语时选项AD表示发生动作B表示宾语持续性动作根句意选B表示水停流出
答案B
14
解析catch sb doing sth表示发觉场捉住 sb做件事情
答案D
15
解析动作发生时间应先偷钻石找方藏匿ing形式完成式
答案 A
16
解析题意正确做出答案快速完成更重两非谓语动词短语形式应保持致
答案C
17
解析advertise意……登广告made in this factory作定语修饰product advertised作宾语补足语
答案B
18
解析定式完成式表示动作发生(定语)句谓语动作前
答案 A
19
解析consider 作考虑解时常接ing形式（短语）作宾语作认 解时常接含名词形容词to be复合结构
答案D
20
解析when young知处应该定式完成式表示动作发生谓语动作前
答案B
21
解析固定短语be (well) prepared for知处应分词作宾补
答案C
22
解析determining 语I 谓关系逗号面列句排选项B定式般表示符合题意
答案 A
23
解析have difficulty （in）doing sth固定搭配选B
答案B
24
解析根常识先见闪电听见雷声分词by引出宾语
答案D
25
解析Dressed in+衣服固定搭配表示处种状态
答案 A
26
解析The problems discuss间动关系应动语态tomorrow时间状语决定应该事情定式表示选C
答案C
27
解析句意：问餐桌旁什样表现时没做出回答根题意应选分词处省略句相when he was asked
答案B
28
解析houseworkdo动宾关系分词done表示动完成符合题意意思做完家务妈妈喝杯咖啡然休息会
答案 A
29
解析see sth done 固定搭配establishrules间动宾关系句子意思：理介绍希明年生效规定
答案C
30
解析句意强调语沉思知道步做什事情语he知应动语态排选项DHaving lost表示动作发生语动作前题意排C分词作形容词表示语处种状态符合题意
答案B
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