学考试试卷蚕体解剖生理（双语）（A卷）标准答案
填空（10题题2分20分）
Fill in the blanks with correct words 10 topics with each 2 points sum to 20 points
1 Insects like silkworms that undergo complete metamorphosis have a typical life cycle including eggs larvae pupae and moth (adult) stage
2 The silkworm is a species of insecta or arthropods （纲门）that has 13 segments 9 pairs of spiracles and 5 pairs of abdominal feet
3 Correctly fill the blanks below that represent corresponding composition of
silkworm brain
1 Brain
2 Subesophageal ganglion
3 Corpora cardiaca
4 Corpora allata
5 Lateral pharyngeal nerve cord
6 Recurrent nerve
4 The six most common types of hemocytes in silkworm are prohemocytes plasmatocytes granulocytes spherulocytes oenocytoids and coagulocytes
5 Larvae of Lepidoptera tend to have a very high midgut pH varying from about 8~10 However the midgut pH of silkworm is 942
6 Chemoreceptors of the silkworm including contact receptors gustatory or taste receptor and olfactory receptors
7 The silkworm brain consists of three fused ganglionic masses the protocerebrum the deutocerebrum and the tritocerebrum
8 The general anatomy of the male Bombyx mori internal organ could be consist of the paired testes the vas deferens the ejaculatory duct and accessory glands
9 Insect cellular immunity includes phagocytosis nodule formation encapsulation and aggregation
10 At the end of gastrulation there is an outer layer cells named ectodermal and an inner layer of cells termed mesentodermal layer
分
二 正误题（10题题1分10分）正确标记√错误标记×
Truefalse items 10 items with each 1 points sum to 10 points True label tick and false label cross
11．Some insects swallow air or swallow water to expand the gut and split the old cuticle ( √ )
12 The silkworm is the only typical insect that has stemmata at the larval stage and compound eyes at the moth stage ( × )
13 The central body complex in deutocerebrum appears to be involved in arousal behavior ( × )
14 Stimuli cause changes in membrane permeability of excitable cells ( √ )
15 Diapause termination usually depends on reception of token stimuli concerning the physiological conditions ( × )
16 Panoistic ovarioles do not have nurse cells ( √ )
17 In Bombyx mori biting responses are stimulated by β–sitoaterol leafaldehyde and linalool ( × )
18 The antenna of male commercial silk moth Bmori send many impulses per second into the brain even when not stimulated by pheromones ( √ )
19 Urine formation in Malpighian tubules relies on concentration of saline ( × )
20 Allelochemicals influence the behavior or physiology of a members of a different species than that of the producer (√ )
分
三 理解题（阅读列短文回答问题5题10分）
Comprehension (Read the following 2 paragraphs answer the questions 10 points)
Traditionally silk proteins are thought to be two phased semicrystalline
polymers containing both crystalline and noncrystalline regions The crystalline
regions have been identified as rigid tightly packed antiparallel β pleated sheets
The β sheets are either polyAla or polyGlyAla interlocking with adjacent chain
via hydrogen bonds The noncrystalline domains are often described as poorly
orientated randomly coiled sections of the peptide or amorphous’
Fibroin from the silkworm B mori is composed of two chains (Hfibroin [heavy]
and Lfibroin [light]) linked by a disulfide bond Another component of the protein is
P25 which has been suggested to act as a chaperone to assist in the transport and
secretion of Hfibroin Hfibroin Lfibroin and P25 are thought to be assembled in the
ratio 661 This assembly appears to be standard in silk secreted by members of the
lepidoptera order with the exception of the saturniidae family where Lfibroin and
P25 are absent
Silk fibroin can exist in a number of different conformational states Silk I and
silk II Silk II is the solid fibroin that can be found in the spun silk thread while silk I
is the dissolved metastable form stored in the silk gland
21．Which statement is correct ( B )
A The crystalline regions of silk proteins are polyAla and polyGlyAla
B Saturniidae family is also an order of lepidotera
C Silk I and Silk II are different silk fibroin conformational states which can be
found in the silk gland
D Two chains of fibroin from the silkworm B mori are assembled by hydrogen
bonds
22 Amorphous in the text means ( A )
A noncrystalline B poorly orientated
C coiled sections D peptide
23 What kinds of linkage can be detected in silk fibroin ( C )
A hydrogen bonds
B disulfide bond
C both hydrogen and disulfide bond
D chaperone
Usually the egg nucleus is diploid until the entry of the sperm stimulates meiotic division leading to the haploid egg nucleus Union of a sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus produces zygote and stimulates the zygote to begin division Ultimately zygotic division in all insect eggs produce large numbers of nuclei lacking of cell membranes but each surrounded with a small field of cytoplasm called polar bodies
24 When the haploid could be founded in egg nucleus ( A )
A the first time of meiotic division
B all meiotic division
C the zygotic division
D the final division
25 Zygotic division produce ( C )
A One oocyte
B One oocyte and one polar body
C One oocyte and many polar bodies
D Many polar bodies
分
四翻译题（中英文互译4题20分）
Translate the following sentences into English or Chinese sum to 20 points
26 period基活化时产生mRNAmRNA转运细胞细胞质作PER蛋白产物模板 （6分）
When the period gene is active period mRNA is made The mRNA is transported to the cell＇s cytoplasm and serves as template for the production of PER protein
27 家蚕生物钟调节重功行激素水蜕皮感觉代谢 （4分）
The clock of silkworm regulates critical functions such as behavior hormone levels ecdysis sensory and metabolism
28 PER protein levels oscillate over a 24hour cycle in synchrony with the circadian rhythm （4分）
PER蛋白质水24时循环（周期性）振荡生物钟节奏步
29．He showed that when TIM bound to PER the two proteins were able to enter the cell nucleus where they blocked period gene activity to close the inhibitory feedback loop （6分）
发现TIM结合PER两蛋白进入细胞核断Period基活性关闭反馈回路抑制
分
五问答题 （英文作答3题40分）
30 What’s the action mechanism of acetylcholine at the synapse
突触处乙酰胆碱作机制什？ (20 points)
A volley of spikes arriving at the presynaptic terminal increases permeability of
the presynaptic membrane to calcium which diffuses into the terminal and through a
second messenger sets up a cascade of actions that facilitate attachment of synaptic
vesicles to the synaptic membrane (4 points)
The synaptic vesicles fuse with the membrane and release quanta or packets of
Ach into the synaptic cleft Electron micrographs have shown that the presynaptic
membrane expands slightly with the incorporation of vesicular membranes (3 points)
When released into the synaptic cleft the Ach molecules diffuse randomly with
some contacting and attaching to acetylcholine receptors and others encountering
acetylcholineesterase Ach is rapidly released from the receptor and may randomly
collide with another receptor to repeat the process (4 points)
When Ach is bound to its receptor Na+ channels are opened When large
numbers of Na+ channels are opened in the postsynaptic membrane the inward
movement of Na+ depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane with production of an EPSP
that is conducted decrementally away from the site of origin If the stimulation is
strong enough the excitation may spread to the region of the axon that generates
spikes (4 points)
An Ach molecule encountering acetylcholinesterase is hydrolyzed to acetic acid and choline neither of which has any physiological action at the synapse Both
breakdown products diffuse out of the synapse andor are taken up by the presynaptic
neuron and may be used to synthesize new Ach through action of the enzyme choline
acetyltransferase (5 points)
31 What’s the functions of glial cells 神胶细胞功？ (12分)
Glial cells ensheath the axonal and neurite processes as well as the somata of neurons Glial cells serve neurons and the nervous system in a number of ways they provide structural support nutritive and metabolic functions and protection from outside chemical and ionic influence（6分）
They also may provide regenerative guidance for regrowth of severed or damaged neuronal processes repair and maintenance of neurons and may possibly function in signaling and information processing Multiple layers of glial cells help provide the blood brain barrier that protects the CNS from direct contact with chemical components in the hemolymph （6分）
32 What stimuli induce the brain to secrete PTTH and initiate the molting process （8分）
The answer may
(1) The filled gut activating stretch receptors that send a message to the brain (2分)
(2) From some measurement of having attained a critical size (2分)
(3) From cold exposure and probably other environmental stimuli that can stimulate the brain (4分)
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填空（10题题2分20分）
Fill in the blanks with correct words 10 topics with each 2 points sum to 20 points
1 Insects like silkworms that undergo complete metamorphosis have a typical life cycle including eggs larvae pupae and moth (adult) stage
2 The silkworm is a species of insecta or arthropods （纲门）that has 13 segments 9 pairs of spiracles and 5 pairs of abdominal feet
3 Correctly fill the blanks below that represent corresponding composition of
silkworm brain
1 Brain
2 Subesophageal ganglion
3 Corpora cardiaca
4 Corpora allata
5 Lateral pharyngeal nerve cord
6 Recurrent nerve
4 The six most common types of hemocytes in silkworm are prohemocytes plasmatocytes granulocytes spherulocytes oenocytoids and coagulocytes
5 Larvae of Lepidoptera tend to have a very high midgut pH varying from about 8~10 However the midgut pH of silkworm is 942
6 Chemoreceptors of the silkworm including contact receptors gustatory or taste receptor and olfactory receptors
7 The silkworm brain consists of three fused ganglionic masses the protocerebrum the deutocerebrum and the tritocerebrum
8 The general anatomy of the male Bombyx mori internal organ could be consist of the paired testes the vas deferens the ejaculatory duct and accessory glands
9 Insect cellular immunity includes phagocytosis nodule formation encapsulation and aggregation
10 At the end of gastrulation there is an outer layer cells named ectodermal and an inner layer of cells termed mesentodermal layer
分
二 正误题（10题题1分10分）正确标记√错误标记×
Truefalse items 10 items with each 1 points sum to 10 points True label tick and false label cross
11．Some insects swallow air or swallow water to expand the gut and split the old cuticle ( √ )
12 The silkworm is the only typical insect that has stemmata at the larval stage and compound eyes at the moth stage ( × )
13 The central body complex in deutocerebrum appears to be involved in arousal behavior ( × )
14 Stimuli cause changes in membrane permeability of excitable cells ( √ )
15 Diapause termination usually depends on reception of token stimuli concerning the physiological conditions ( × )
16 Panoistic ovarioles do not have nurse cells ( √ )
17 In Bombyx mori biting responses are stimulated by β–sitoaterol leafaldehyde and linalool ( × )
18 The antenna of male commercial silk moth Bmori send many impulses per second into the brain even when not stimulated by pheromones ( √ )
19 Urine formation in Malpighian tubules relies on concentration of saline ( × )
20 Allelochemicals influence the behavior or physiology of a members of a different species than that of the producer (√ )
分
三 理解题（阅读列短文回答问题5题10分）
Comprehension (Read the following 2 paragraphs answer the questions 10 points)
Traditionally silk proteins are thought to be two phased semicrystalline
polymers containing both crystalline and noncrystalline regions The crystalline
regions have been identified as rigid tightly packed antiparallel β pleated sheets
The β sheets are either polyAla or polyGlyAla interlocking with adjacent chain
via hydrogen bonds The noncrystalline domains are often described as poorly
orientated randomly coiled sections of the peptide or amorphous’
Fibroin from the silkworm B mori is composed of two chains (Hfibroin [heavy]
and Lfibroin [light]) linked by a disulfide bond Another component of the protein is
P25 which has been suggested to act as a chaperone to assist in the transport and
secretion of Hfibroin Hfibroin Lfibroin and P25 are thought to be assembled in the
ratio 661 This assembly appears to be standard in silk secreted by members of the
lepidoptera order with the exception of the saturniidae family where Lfibroin and
P25 are absent
Silk fibroin can exist in a number of different conformational states Silk I and
silk II Silk II is the solid fibroin that can be found in the spun silk thread while silk I
is the dissolved metastable form stored in the silk gland
21．Which statement is correct ( B )
A The crystalline regions of silk proteins are polyAla and polyGlyAla
B Saturniidae family is also an order of lepidotera
C Silk I and Silk II are different silk fibroin conformational states which can be
found in the silk gland
D Two chains of fibroin from the silkworm B mori are assembled by hydrogen
bonds
22 Amorphous in the text means ( A )
A noncrystalline B poorly orientated
C coiled sections D peptide
23 What kinds of linkage can be detected in silk fibroin ( C )
A hydrogen bonds
B disulfide bond
C both hydrogen and disulfide bond
D chaperone
Usually the egg nucleus is diploid until the entry of the sperm stimulates meiotic division leading to the haploid egg nucleus Union of a sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus produces zygote and stimulates the zygote to begin division Ultimately zygotic division in all insect eggs produce large numbers of nuclei lacking of cell membranes but each surrounded with a small field of cytoplasm called polar bodies
24 When the haploid could be founded in egg nucleus ( A )
A the first time of meiotic division
B all meiotic division
C the zygotic division
D the final division
25 Zygotic division produce ( C )
A One oocyte
B One oocyte and one polar body
C One oocyte and many polar bodies
D Many polar bodies
分
四翻译题（中英文互译4题20分）
Translate the following sentences into English or Chinese sum to 20 points
26 period基活化时产生mRNAmRNA转运细胞细胞质作PER蛋白产物模板 （6分）
When the period gene is active period mRNA is made The mRNA is transported to the cell＇s cytoplasm and serves as template for the production of PER protein
27 家蚕生物钟调节重功行激素水蜕皮感觉代谢 （4分）
The clock of silkworm regulates critical functions such as behavior hormone levels ecdysis sensory and metabolism
28 PER protein levels oscillate over a 24hour cycle in synchrony with the circadian rhythm （4分）
PER蛋白质水24时循环（周期性）振荡生物钟节奏步
29．He showed that when TIM bound to PER the two proteins were able to enter the cell nucleus where they blocked period gene activity to close the inhibitory feedback loop （6分）
发现TIM结合PER两蛋白进入细胞核断Period基活性关闭反馈回路抑制
分
五问答题 （英文作答3题40分）
30 What’s the action mechanism of acetylcholine at the synapse
突触处乙酰胆碱作机制什？ (20 points)
A volley of spikes arriving at the presynaptic terminal increases permeability of
the presynaptic membrane to calcium which diffuses into the terminal and through a
second messenger sets up a cascade of actions that facilitate attachment of synaptic
vesicles to the synaptic membrane (4 points)
The synaptic vesicles fuse with the membrane and release quanta or packets of
Ach into the synaptic cleft Electron micrographs have shown that the presynaptic
membrane expands slightly with the incorporation of vesicular membranes (3 points)
When released into the synaptic cleft the Ach molecules diffuse randomly with
some contacting and attaching to acetylcholine receptors and others encountering
acetylcholineesterase Ach is rapidly released from the receptor and may randomly
collide with another receptor to repeat the process (4 points)
When Ach is bound to its receptor Na+ channels are opened When large
numbers of Na+ channels are opened in the postsynaptic membrane the inward
movement of Na+ depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane with production of an EPSP
that is conducted decrementally away from the site of origin If the stimulation is
strong enough the excitation may spread to the region of the axon that generates
spikes (4 points)
An Ach molecule encountering acetylcholinesterase is hydrolyzed to acetic acid and choline neither of which has any physiological action at the synapse Both
breakdown products diffuse out of the synapse andor are taken up by the presynaptic
neuron and may be used to synthesize new Ach through action of the enzyme choline
acetyltransferase (5 points)
31 What’s the functions of glial cells 神胶细胞功？ (12分)
Glial cells ensheath the axonal and neurite processes as well as the somata of neurons Glial cells serve neurons and the nervous system in a number of ways they provide structural support nutritive and metabolic functions and protection from outside chemical and ionic influence（6分）
They also may provide regenerative guidance for regrowth of severed or damaged neuronal processes repair and maintenance of neurons and may possibly function in signaling and information processing Multiple layers of glial cells help provide the blood brain barrier that protects the CNS from direct contact with chemical components in the hemolymph （6分）
32 What stimuli induce the brain to secrete PTTH and initiate the molting process （8分）
The answer may
(1) The filled gut activating stretch receptors that send a message to the brain (2分)
(2) From some measurement of having attained a critical size (2分)
(3) From cold exposure and probably other environmental stimuli that can stimulate the brain (4分)
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
