英语文写作语言技巧
1 introduction：
a 指出前研究足目引导出研究重性？叙述前成果however引导足提出种新方法新方：however little information(little attentionlittle worklittle datalittle research……) (or few studiesfew investigationsfew researchersfew attempts……) (or nonone of these studies……) has (have) been done on (focused onattempted toconductedinvestigatedstudied(with respect to))：previous research (studies records) has (have) failed to consider ignored misinterpreted neglected tooverestimated underestimatedmisleaded thus these previous results are inconclisive misleading unsatisfactory questionable controversial uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist……研究方法方前样时通方式强调工作：however data is still scarce(rare less accurate)we need to(aim to have to) provide more documents(data records studies increase the dataset) further studies are still necessary(essential)……
强调研究重性般however前介绍研究问题相反相关问题：(1)时间问题(2)研究手段问题(3)研究区域问题(4)确定性(5)提出假设验证果研究问题时间较新量提时间较老问题研究重性然(however)表明时间尺度较新问题研究足果种新研究手段研究方提出前流行方法物质性质然(however)说研究方方法研究甚少果研究涉区域问题先总结相邻区域区域研究然(however)强调区域研究足然前某问题研究目前两种更种观点种uncertaintiesambiguities值进步澄清果研究全新没前工作信说根假设提出程存种结果文证实种结果等等we aim to test the feasibility (reliability) of the……it is hoped that the question will be resolved (fall away) with our proposed method (approach)
b 提出观点：we aim tothis paper reports onthis paper provides resultsthis paper extends the methodthis paper focus on……the purpose of this paper is to……furthermore moreover in addition we will also discuss……
c 圈定研究范围：introduction作告诉读者(包括reviewer)文章研究容果处理reviewer会提出严厉建议没考虑某种性某种研究手段等减少种争前言结尾必须明确提出文研究范围：(1)时间尺度(2) 研究区域等涉较长时序明确提出文关心某特定时间范围问题we preliminarily focus on the older (younger)……两种时间尺度 (longterm and short term)说两者重文涉中种研究区域问题时间问题样需明确提出关心某特定区域
d 圆场：前言总结性提出研究研究什帮助者说further studies on……will be summarized in our next study (or elsewhere)总目读者思路集中讨问题量减少必争(arguments)
2 discussion：
a 样提出观点：提出观点时采取什样策略重合适句子通常会遭reviewer置疑(1)果观点篇文章新提出通常we confirm that……(2)信观点we believe that……(3)通常数推断出定结results indicate infer suggest imply that……(4) 极特时we put forward(discover observe)……for the first time强调创新……(5) 果提出观点完全肯定we tentatively put forward (interrprete this to…)or the results may be due to (caused by) attributed to resulted from……or this is probably a consequence of……it seems that……can account for (interpret) this……or it is posible that it stem from……
注意结构合理搭配果通篇类型1)5)篇文章意义折扣果全2)肯定会遭置疑仔细分析成果创新性信度
b 连接词逻辑：写英文文常见毛病文章逻辑清楚解决方法
(1) 注意句子连贯句子独立常见连接词however also in addition consequently afterwards moreover furthermore further although unlike in contrast similarly unfortunately alternatively parallel results in order to despite for example compared with other results thus therefore……连接词文章层次清楚意思明确叙述时间序事件文献早文献aa advocated it for the first time接then bb further demonstrated that 接afterwards cc……果more recent studies by dd……果叙述两种观点截然分开aa put forward that……in contrast bb believe or unlike aa bb suggest or on the contrary (表明前面观点错误)果表明两种观点立in contrast bb……果两种观点相aa suggest……similarily alternatively bb……or also bb or bb allso does……表示果者前关系consequently therefore as a result……表明递进关系furthermore further moreover in addition……写完段英文首先检查否较应连接词
(2) 注意段落布局整体逻辑：常叙述问题方面种情况定注意逻辑结构第段明确告诉读者讨部份……therefore there are three aspects of this problem have to be addressed the first question involves……the second problem relates to……the third aspect deals with……清晰观点逐层叙述直接first second third finally……然furthermore in addition等补充说明
(3) 讨部份整体结构：标题问题分片段方法通常第片段指出文章重数结果补充说明部份放片段定明白文章读者分档次专业专业士读懂外定想办法更外专业读懂讨部份分两部份部份提出观点部份详细介绍程述样专业外士解文章观点较专业讨成黑箱子部份专业士进步研究
c讨部分包括什容？(1)数特征总结(2)结前观点(3) 文足第三点般作者取事实出文章足恰恰保护文章重手段果刻意隐藏文章漏洞觉出非常明智谓足包括容：(1)研究问题点片面讨时定说it should be noted that this study has examined only……we concentrate (focus) on only……we have to point out that we do not……some limitations of this study are……(2)结足the results do not imply……the results can not be used to determine(or be taken as evidence of)……unfortunately we can not determine this from this data……our results are lack of……指出足定马次加强文重性采取手段解决足者步研究伏笔not withstanding its limitation this study does suggest……however these problems could be solved if we consider……despite its preliminary character this study can clearly indicate……中文说左右逢源审稿想问题提前交代时表明已思考问题文章长度试验进度者试验手段制约暂时回答问题通建议问题研究中实现
3 others：
a 文章清楚第次提出概念时括弧出较详细解释文章abbreviation两种方法解决：(1) 文章加appendixabbreviation列表(2)页面时出abbreviation含义提醒读者
b 绝全面否定前成果前结完全前工作起码尊重英文做工作credits文章出现非常negative评价their results are wrong very questionable have no commensence etc遇类情况婉转提出：their studies may be more reasonable if they had……considered this situationtheir results could be better convinced if they……or their conclusion may remain some uncertanties
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1 introduction：
a 指出前研究足目引导出研究重性？叙述前成果however引导足提出种新方法新方：however little information(little attentionlittle worklittle datalittle research……) (or few studiesfew investigationsfew researchersfew attempts……) (or nonone of these studies……) has (have) been done on (focused onattempted toconductedinvestigatedstudied(with respect to))：previous research (studies records) has (have) failed to consider ignored misinterpreted neglected tooverestimated underestimatedmisleaded thus these previous results are inconclisive misleading unsatisfactory questionable controversial uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist……研究方法方前样时通方式强调工作：however data is still scarce(rare less accurate)we need to(aim to have to) provide more documents(data records studies increase the dataset) further studies are still necessary(essential)……
强调研究重性般however前介绍研究问题相反相关问题：(1)时间问题(2)研究手段问题(3)研究区域问题(4)确定性(5)提出假设验证果研究问题时间较新量提时间较老问题研究重性然(however)表明时间尺度较新问题研究足果种新研究手段研究方提出前流行方法物质性质然(however)说研究方方法研究甚少果研究涉区域问题先总结相邻区域区域研究然(however)强调区域研究足然前某问题研究目前两种更种观点种uncertaintiesambiguities值进步澄清果研究全新没前工作信说根假设提出程存种结果文证实种结果等等we aim to test the feasibility (reliability) of the……it is hoped that the question will be resolved (fall away) with our proposed method (approach)
b 提出观点：we aim tothis paper reports onthis paper provides resultsthis paper extends the methodthis paper focus on……the purpose of this paper is to……furthermore moreover in addition we will also discuss……
c 圈定研究范围：introduction作告诉读者(包括reviewer)文章研究容果处理reviewer会提出严厉建议没考虑某种性某种研究手段等减少种争前言结尾必须明确提出文研究范围：(1)时间尺度(2) 研究区域等涉较长时序明确提出文关心某特定时间范围问题we preliminarily focus on the older (younger)……两种时间尺度 (longterm and short term)说两者重文涉中种研究区域问题时间问题样需明确提出关心某特定区域
d 圆场：前言总结性提出研究研究什帮助者说further studies on……will be summarized in our next study (or elsewhere)总目读者思路集中讨问题量减少必争(arguments)
2 discussion：
a 样提出观点：提出观点时采取什样策略重合适句子通常会遭reviewer置疑(1)果观点篇文章新提出通常we confirm that……(2)信观点we believe that……(3)通常数推断出定结results indicate infer suggest imply that……(4) 极特时we put forward(discover observe)……for the first time强调创新……(5) 果提出观点完全肯定we tentatively put forward (interrprete this to…)or the results may be due to (caused by) attributed to resulted from……or this is probably a consequence of……it seems that……can account for (interpret) this……or it is posible that it stem from……
注意结构合理搭配果通篇类型1)5)篇文章意义折扣果全2)肯定会遭置疑仔细分析成果创新性信度
b 连接词逻辑：写英文文常见毛病文章逻辑清楚解决方法
(1) 注意句子连贯句子独立常见连接词however also in addition consequently afterwards moreover furthermore further although unlike in contrast similarly unfortunately alternatively parallel results in order to despite for example compared with other results thus therefore……连接词文章层次清楚意思明确叙述时间序事件文献早文献aa advocated it for the first time接then bb further demonstrated that 接afterwards cc……果more recent studies by dd……果叙述两种观点截然分开aa put forward that……in contrast bb believe or unlike aa bb suggest or on the contrary (表明前面观点错误)果表明两种观点立in contrast bb……果两种观点相aa suggest……similarily alternatively bb……or also bb or bb allso does……表示果者前关系consequently therefore as a result……表明递进关系furthermore further moreover in addition……写完段英文首先检查否较应连接词
(2) 注意段落布局整体逻辑：常叙述问题方面种情况定注意逻辑结构第段明确告诉读者讨部份……therefore there are three aspects of this problem have to be addressed the first question involves……the second problem relates to……the third aspect deals with……清晰观点逐层叙述直接first second third finally……然furthermore in addition等补充说明
(3) 讨部份整体结构：标题问题分片段方法通常第片段指出文章重数结果补充说明部份放片段定明白文章读者分档次专业专业士读懂外定想办法更外专业读懂讨部份分两部份部份提出观点部份详细介绍程述样专业外士解文章观点较专业讨成黑箱子部份专业士进步研究
c讨部分包括什容？(1)数特征总结(2)结前观点(3) 文足第三点般作者取事实出文章足恰恰保护文章重手段果刻意隐藏文章漏洞觉出非常明智谓足包括容：(1)研究问题点片面讨时定说it should be noted that this study has examined only……we concentrate (focus) on only……we have to point out that we do not……some limitations of this study are……(2)结足the results do not imply……the results can not be used to determine(or be taken as evidence of)……unfortunately we can not determine this from this data……our results are lack of……指出足定马次加强文重性采取手段解决足者步研究伏笔not withstanding its limitation this study does suggest……however these problems could be solved if we consider……despite its preliminary character this study can clearly indicate……中文说左右逢源审稿想问题提前交代时表明已思考问题文章长度试验进度者试验手段制约暂时回答问题通建议问题研究中实现
3 others：
a 文章清楚第次提出概念时括弧出较详细解释文章abbreviation两种方法解决：(1) 文章加appendixabbreviation列表(2)页面时出abbreviation含义提醒读者
b 绝全面否定前成果前结完全前工作起码尊重英文做工作credits文章出现非常negative评价their results are wrong very questionable have no commensence etc遇类情况婉转提出：their studies may be more reasonable if they had……considered this situationtheir results could be better convinced if they……or their conclusion may remain some uncertanties
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《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
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