ted英文演讲稿3篇
文目录
1 ted英文演讲稿
2 Ted英文演讲稿What fear can teach us
3 TED英文演讲稿：性格力量
篇应届毕业生演讲稿网站整理提供阿达泰坦尼克号导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆(james cameron)篇ted演讲演讲里卡梅隆回顾电影学院毕业走导演道路事卡梅隆告诉畏惧失败永远设限更演讲稿范文欢迎访问应届毕业生演讲稿网站
i grew up on a steady diet of science fiction in high school i took a bus to school an hour each way every day and i was always absorbed in a book science fiction book which took my mind to other worlds and satisfied in a narrative form this insatiable sense of curiosity that i had
and you know that curiosity also manifested itself in the fact that whenever i wasn＇t in school i was out in the woods hiking and taking samples frogs and snakes and bugs and pond water and bringing it back looking at it under the microscope you know i was a real science geek but it was all about trying to understand the world understand the limits of possibility
and my love of science fiction actually seemed mirrored in the world around me because what was happening this was in the late ＇60s we were going to the moon we were exploring the deep oceansjacques cousteau was coming into our living rooms with his amazing specials that showed us animals and places and a wondrous world that we could never really have previously imagined so that seemed to resonate with the whole science fiction part of it
and i was an artist i could draw i could paint and i found that because there weren＇t video gamesand this saturation of cg movies and all of this imagery in the media landscape i had to create these images in my head you know we all did as kids having to read a book and through the author＇s description put something on the movie screen in our heads and so my response to this was to paint to draw alien creatures alien worlds robots spaceships all that stuff i was endlessly getting busted in math class doodling behind the textbook that was the creativity had to find its outlet somehow
and an interesting thing happened the jacques cousteau shows actually got me very excited about the fact that there was an alien world right here on earth i might not really go to an alien world on a spaceship someday that seemed pretty darn unlikely but that was a world i could really go to right here on earth that was as rich and exotic as anything that i had imagined from reading these books
so i decided i was going to become a scuba diver at the age of 15 and the only problem with that was that i lived in a little village in canada 600 miles from the nearest ocean but i didn＇t let that daunt me i pestered my father until he finally found a scuba class in buffalo new york right across the border from where we live and i actually got certified in a pool at a ymca in the dead of winter in buffalo new york and i didn＇t see the ocean a real ocean for another two years until we moved to california
since then in the intervening 40 years i＇ve spent about 3000 hours underwater and 500 hours of that was in submersibles and i＇ve learned that that deepocean environment and even the shallow oceansare so rich with amazing life that really is beyond our imagination nature＇s imagination is so boundlesscompared to our own meager human imagination i still to this day stand in absolute awe of what i see when i make these dives and my love affair with the ocean is ongoing and just as strong as it ever was
but when i chose a career as an adult it was filmmaking and that seemed to be the best way to reconcile this urge i had to tell stories with my urges to create images and i was as a kid constantly drawing comic books and so on so filmmaking was the way to put pictures and stories together and that made sense and of course the stories that i chose to tell were science fiction stories terminator aliens and the abyss and with the abyss i was putting together my love of underwater and diving with filmmaking so you know merging the two passions
something interesting came out of the abyss which was that to solve a specific narrative problem on that film which was to create this kind of liquid water creature we actually embraced computer generated animation cg and this resulted in the first softsurface character cg animation that was ever in a movie and even though the film didn＇t make any money barely broke even i should say i witnessed something amazing which is that the audience the global audience was mesmerized by this apparent magic
you know it＇s arthur clarke＇s law that any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic they were seeing something magical and so that got me very excited and i thought wow this is something that needs to be embraced into the cinematic art so with terminator 2 which was my next film we took that much farther working with ilm we created the liquid metal dude in that film the success hung in the balance on whether that effect would work and it did and we created magic again and we had the same result with an audience although we did make a little more money on that one
so drawing a line through those two dots of experience came to this is going to be a whole new world this was a whole new world of creativity for film artists so i started a company with stan winston my good friend stan winston who is the premier makeup and creature designer at that time and it was called digital domain and the concept of the company was that we would leapfrog past the analog processes of optical printers and so on and we would go right to digital production and we actually did that and it gave us a competitive advantage for a while
but we found ourselves lagging in the mid ＇90s in the creature and character design stuff that we had actually founded the company to do so i wrote this piece called avatar which was meant to absolutely push the envelope of visual effects of cg effects beyond with realistic human emotive characters generated in cg and the main characters would all be in cg and the world would be in cg and the envelope pushed back and i was told by the folks at my company that we weren＇t going to be able to do this for a while
so i shelved it and i made this other movie about a big ship that sinks (laughter) you know i went and pitched it to the studio as ＇romeo and juliet＇ on a ship it＇s going to be this epic romancepassionate film secretly what i wanted to do was i wanted to dive to the real wreck of titanic and that＇s why i made the movie (applause) and that＇s the truth now the studio didn＇t know that but i convinced them i said we＇re going to dive to the wreck we＇re going to film it for real we＇ll be using it in the opening of the film it will be really important it will be a great marketing hook and i talked them into funding an expedition (laughter)
sounds crazy but this goes back to that theme about your imagination creating a reality because we actually created a reality where six months later i find myself in a russian submersible two and a half miles down in the north atlantic looking at the real titanic through a view port not a movie not hd for real (applause)
now that blew my mind and it took a lot of preparation we had to build cameras and lights and all kinds of things but it struck me how much this dive these deep dives was like a space mission you know where it was highly technical and it required enormous planning you get in this capsule you go down to this dark hostile environment where there is no hope of rescue if you can＇t get back by yourself and i thought like wow i＇m like living in a science fiction movie this is really cool
and so i really got bitten by the bug of deepocean exploration of course the curiosity the science component of it it was everything it was adventure it was curiosity it was imagination and it was an experience that hollywood couldn＇t give me because you know i could imagine a creature and we could create a visual effect for it but i couldn＇t imagine what i was seeing out that window as we did some of our subsequent expeditions i was seeing creatures at hydrothermal vents and sometimes things that i had never seen before sometimes things that no one had seen before that actually were not described by science at the time that we saw them and imaged them
so i was completely smitten by this and had to do more and so i actually made a kind of curious decision after the success of titanic i said ok i＇m going to park my day job as a hollywood movie maker and i＇m going to go be a fulltime explorer for a while and so we started planning theseexpeditions and we wound up going to the bismark and exploring it with robotic vehicles we went back to the titanic wreck we took little bots that we had created that spooled a fiber optic and the idea was to go in and do an interior survey of that ship which had never been done nobody had ever looked inside the wreck they didn＇t have the means to do it so we created technology to do it
so you know here i am now on the deck of titanic sitting in a submersible and looking out at planks that look much like this where i knew that the band had played and i＇m flying a little robotic vehiclethrough the corridor of the ship when i say i＇m operating it but my mind is in the vehicle i felt like i was physically present inside the shipwreck of titanic and it was the most surreal kind of deja vu experience i＇ve ever had because i would know before i turned a corner what was going to be there before the lights of the vehicle actually revealed it because i had walked the set for months when we were making the movie and the set was based as an exact replica on the blueprints of the ship
so it was this absolutely remarkable experience and it really made me realize that the telepresence experience that you actually can have these robotic avatars then your consciousness is injected into the vehicle into this other form of existence it was really really quite profound and it may be a little bit of a glimpse as to what might be happening some decades out as we start to have cyborg bodies for exploration or for other means in many sort of posthuman futures that i can imagine as a science fiction fan
so having done these expeditions and really beginning to appreciate what was down there such as at the deep ocean vents where we had these amazing amazing animals they＇re basically aliens right here on earth they live in an environment of chemosynthesis they don＇t survive on sunlightbasedsystem the way we do and so you＇re seeing animals that are living next to a 500degreecentigradewater plumes you think they can＇t possibly exist
at the same time i was getting very interested in space science as well again it＇s the science fiction influence as a kid and i wound up getting involved with the space community really involved with nasa sitting on the nasa advisory board planning actual space missions going to russia going through the precosmonaut biomedical protocols and all these sorts of things to actually go and fly to the international space station with our 3d camera systems and this was fascinating but what i wound up doing was bringing space scientists with us into the deep and taking them down so that they had access astrobiologists planetary scientists people who were interested in these extreme environments taking them down to the vents and letting them see and take samples and test instruments and so on
so here we were making documentary films but actually doing science and actually doing space science i＇d completely closed the loop between being the science fiction fan you know as a kid and doing this stuff for real and you know along the way in this journey of discovery i learned a lot i learned a lot about science but i also learned a lot about leadership now you think director has got to be a leader leader of captain of the ship and all that sort of thing
i didn＇t really learn about leadership until i did these expeditions because i had to at a certain point say what am i doing out here why am i doing this what do i get out of it we don＇t make money at these damn shows we barely break even there is no fame in it people sort of think i went awaybetween titanic and avatar and was buffing my nails someplace sitting at the beach made all these films made all these documentary films for a very limited audience
no fame no glory no money what are you doing you＇re doing it for the task itself for the challenge and the ocean is the most challenging environment there is for the thrill of discovery and for that strange bond that happens when a small group of people form a tightly knit team because we would do these things with 10 12 people working for years at a time sometimes at sea for two three months at a time
and in that bond you realize that the most important thing is the respect that you have for them and that they have for you that you＇ve done a task that you can＇t explain to someone else when you come back to the shore and you say we had to do this and the fiber optic and the attentuation and the this and the that all the technology of it and the difficulty the humanperformance aspects of working at sea you can＇t explain it to people it＇s that thing that maybe cops have or people in combat that have gone through something together and they know they can never explain it creates a bond creates a bond of respect
so when i came back to make my next movie which was avatar i tried to apply that same principle of leadership which is that you respect your team and you earn their respect in return and it really changed the dynamic so here i was again with a small team in uncharted territory doing avatar coming up with new technology that didn＇t exist before tremendously exciting tremendously challenging and we became a family over a fourandhalf year period and it completely changed how i do movies so people have commented on how well you know you brought back the ocean organisms and put them on the planet of pandora to me it was more of a fundamental way of doing business the process itself that changed as a result of that
so what can we synthesize out of all this you know what are the lessons learned well i think number one is curiosity it＇s the most powerful thing you own imagination is a force that can actually manifest a reality and the respect of your team is more important than all the laurels in the world i have young filmmakers come up to me and say give me some advice for doing this and i say don＇t put limitations on yourself other people will do that for you don＇t do it to yourself don＇t bet against yourself and take risks
nasa has this phrase that they like failure is not an option but failure has to be an option in art and in exploration because it＇s a leap of faith and no important endeavor that required innovation was done without risk you have to be willing to take those risks so that＇s the thought i would leave you with is that in whatever you＇re doing failure is an option but fear is not thank you (applause)
译文：科幻说长高中时连坐校车学时读着科幻说书带世界满足止境奇学校总树丛中寻找标——青蛙蛇昆虫……放显微镜观察总试图认知世界想找边界
科幻说热爱许时代写60年代末期类登月球深海通电视动物方想象种氛围中知觉喜欢科幻说
完说事中影会脑海中断放映许创造力必须找
发泄方式开始画外星机器飞船……甚会数学课课背面画画
科幻说断接触想：外星定生存外太空生活星球15岁时决定成潜水员时实现梦想唯问题生活加山村离海6英里远
父亲没成梦想障碍边境岸美国纽约州布法罗找潜水培训班便布法罗泳池里获潜水证书直两年全家搬加州第次机会真正潜水
40年里海底约总花3万时海丰富彩众神奇生物生活中起想象力然想象力完全没边界想海解少海洋奇直延续着
电影魔法师科学体验
长没成名潜水员选择职业电影喜欢讲事画图画电影起合适工作然讲述事科幻——终结者外星等等
潜水热爱电影融合起拍摄深渊时趣想法塑造水状生物时计算机生成动画——cgcg应产生电影历史第软表面电脑制成形象然部电影公司差点亏全世界观众种新技术震撼
根亚瑟·克拉克定律——高难度技术魔法没什区觉神奇东西感兴奋想cg应该电影艺术中
接电影终结者2中种技术推步创造金属变次魔术部电影成功赚钱
作电影全新世界全新未友斯坦·温斯顿创立家公司做数领域公司概念跳普通电影制作直接进入数电影制作做段时间定优势90年代中期发现落
写阿达部电影想推动整视觉体验动画效果进步电影物跳出想象框架完全动画效果诠释物表情开始员工告诉没力做阿达放边转制作部电影——泰坦尼克号
泰坦尼克号寻找投资商时告诉制作部关爱情电影事罗密欧朱丽叶样凄美动事实真正想做潜入海底探寻真正泰坦尼克号真心话电影公司知道
告诉沉入海底拍摄泰坦尼克号真实画面片段放首映式展现会引起轰动票房会令意外电影公司真意出钱支持探索泰坦尼克号
然现觉疯狂想象创造现实两月北西洋艘俄罗斯潜艇里肉眼真正泰坦尼克号
泰坦尼克号拍摄体验震撼然做准备工作令震惊次深海拍摄次外太空旅行——尖端科技繁杂计划环境危险仿佛置身科幻说中
发现想象生物想永远法想象出透潜艇窗生物见未见东西见没见东西拍时没科学描述震撼必须做更
泰坦尼克号成功做决定：暂停业——莱坞导演做段时间全职探险家开始策划探险动探测车帮助危险方发明技术泰坦尼克号残骸做次全面勘测次重现面前
通种会飞行动探测仪坐潜艇里探索泰坦尼克号部操作仪器时脑子探测仪中感觉真泰坦尼克号种令兴奋似相识感觉知道假里转弯会什已完全样泰坦尼克号复制品工作月
次寻常体验感觉远程监控量意识注入机器注入种存中种体验非常深刻许十年半机器出现者类生物出现时会种感觉常
探险开始真正感谢存海底生物生物基说外星生物生活化学合成环境中法样存活太阳时科幻说影响太空科学非常感兴趣
进入nasa顾问委员会策划真正太空行程宇航员带着3d摄机进入太空站非常趣真正想做太空专家带入深海深海取样做纪录片做科学事业整生整合起
发现团队力量
发现旅途中学学仅仅科学知识领导力作导演定具高领导力探险中学带领团队
探险时时候会问什会里什做纪录片 中什 没纪录片中赚钱差点亏没赚名声泰坦尼克号直躺沙滩边享受
做什呢做实件务身挑战——海洋现存危险环境发现种奇怪关系——少组成紧密团队1012起工作年时海里起工作23月
种关系中发现重东西尊重里里做工作法解释必须建立起种关系建立尊重
开始拍摄阿达时试着种互相尊重领导力原应电影拍摄中快情况改变阿达拍摄程中团队未知领工作创造新科技非常意思非常挑战四年半时间成家庭完全改变前拍电影方式
评文章说卡梅隆海底生物放潘拉星球影片成功原说做事基法程身改变事情结果
总结学什
第：奇心拥重东西
第二：想象力创造现实重力量
第三：团队尊重世界定律更重定律
少年轻电影导演讨教成功验说：划定界限会划边界千万险失败中选项畏惧没次探险完全安全保障情况完成必须愿意承担风险谢谢家(掌声)
Ted英文演讲稿What fear can teach us
ted英文演讲稿（2） | 返回目录
one day in 1819 3000 miles off the coast of chile in one of the most remote regions of the pacific ocean 20 american sailors watched their ship flood with seawater
1819年某天 距离智利海岸3000英里方 太洋偏远水域 20名美国船员目睹船进水场面
they＇d been struck by a sperm whale which had ripped a catastrophic hole in the ship＇s hull as their ship began to sink beneath the swells the men huddled together in three small whaleboats
头抹香鲸相撞船体撞 毁灭性洞 船巨浪中开始沉没时 三条救生艇中抱作团
these men were 10000 miles from home more than 1000 miles from the nearest scrap of land in their small boats they carried only rudimentary navigational equipment and limited supplies of food and water
离家10000万英里方 离陆超1000英里 艇中带 落导航设备 限食物饮水
these were the men of the whaleship essex whose story would later inspire parts of moby dick
捕鲸船essex 事成白鲸记部分
even in today＇s world their situation would be really dire but think about how much worse it would have been then
世界碰种情况够杯具更说时情况糟糕
no one on land had any idea that anything had gone wrong no search party was coming to look for these men so most of us have never experienced a situation as frightening as the one in which these sailors found themselves but we all know what it＇s like to be afraid
岸根没意识出什问题 没搜寻 中部分没历 船员处怕情景 知道害怕什感觉
we know how fear feels but i＇m not sure we spend enough time thinking about what our fears mean
知道恐惧感觉 肯定会花时间想 恐惧底意味着什
as we grow up we＇re often encouraged to think of fear as a weakness just another childish thing to discard like baby teeth or roller skates
长总会鼓励恐惧 视软弱需乳牙轮滑鞋样 扔掉幼稚东西
and i think it＇s no accident that we think this way neuroscientists have actually shown that human beings are hardwired to be optimists
想意外事非想样 神系统科学家已知道类 生乐观义者
so maybe that＇s why we think of fear sometimes as a danger in and of itself don＇t worry we like to say to one another don＇t panic in english fear is something we conquer it＇s something we fight
许什认时候恐惧 身种危险带危险 愁总说慌 英语中恐惧需征服东西 必须抗东西必须克服东西
it＇s something we overcome but what if we looked at fear in a fresh way what if we thought of fear as an amazing act of the imagination something that can be as profound and insightful as storytelling itself
果换视角恐惧会呢 果恐惧做想象力惊成果 讲事样 精妙见东西会呢
it＇s easiest to see this link between fear and the imagination in young children whose fears are often extraordinarily vivid
孩子中容易恐惧想象间联系 恐惧常超级生动
when i was a child i lived in california which is you know mostly a very nice place to live but for me as a child california could also be a little scary
时候住加利福尼亚 知道非常适合居住位置 孩说加利福尼亚会点吓
i remember how frightening it was to see the chandelier that hung above our dining table swing back and forth during every minor earthquake and i sometimes couldn＇t sleep at night terrified that the big one might strike while we were sleeping
记次震时候 餐桌吊灯 晃晃时候吓 常会彻夜难眠担心震 会睡觉时候突然袭
and what we say about kids who have fears like that is that they have a vivid imagination but at a certain point most of us learn to leave these kinds of visions behind and grow up
说孩子感受种恐惧 生动想象力 某时候数学会 抛弃种想法变成熟
we learn that there are no monsters hiding under the bed and not every earthquake brings buildings down but maybe it＇s no coincidence that some of our most creative minds fail to leave these kinds of fears behind as adults
知道床没魔鬼 震会震垮房子中想象力 没成年抛弃种恐惧许巧合
the same incredible imaginations that produced the origin of species jane eyre and the remembrance of things past also generated intense worries that haunted the adult lives of charles darwin charlotte brontĂŤ and marcel proust so the question is what can the rest of us learn about fear from visionaries and young children
样思议想象力创造物种起源 简·爱追忆似水年华 种生俱深深担忧直缠绕着成年 查尔斯·达尔文 夏洛特·勃朗特马塞尔·普罗斯特 问题 梦想家孩子身学会恐惧
well let＇s return to the year 1819 for a moment to the situation facing the crew of the whaleship essex let＇s take a look at the fears that their imaginations were generating as they drifted in the middle of the pacific
暂时回1819年 回essex捕鲸船水手面情况 漂流太洋中央时 想象力带恐惧感觉
twentyfour hours had now passed since the capsizing of the ship the time had come for the men to make a plan but they had very few options
船倾覆已24时 时制定计划 实没什太选择
in his fascinating account of the disaster nathaniel philbrick wrote that these men were just about as far from land as it was possible to be anywhere on earth
纳撒尼尔·菲尔布里克(nathaniel philbrick)描述场灾难 动文章中写离陆远 似永远达球块陆
the men knew that the nearest islands they could reach were the marquesas islands 1200 miles away but they＇d heard some frightening rumors
知道离岛 1200英里外马克萨斯群岛(marquesas islands) 听恐怖谣言
they＇d been told that these islands and several others nearby were populated by cannibals so the men pictured coming ashore only to be murdered and eaten for dinner another possible destination was hawaii but given the season the captain was afraid they＇d be struck by severe storms
听说群岛 附岛屿住着食族 脑中岸会杀掉 做盘中餐画面 行目夏威夷 船长担心 会困风暴中
now the last option was the longest and the most difficult to sail 1500 miles due south in hopes of reaching a certain band of winds that could eventually push them toward the coast of south america
选择远艰险方： 南走1500英里希某股风 终 吹南美洲海岸
but they knew that the sheer length of this journey would stretch their supplies of food and water to be eaten by cannibals to be battered by storms to starve to death before reaching land
知道行程中旦偏航 会耗食物饮水供 食族吃掉风暴掀翻 登陆前饿死
these were the fears that danced in the imaginations of these poor men and as it turned out the fear they chose to listen to would govern whether they lived or died
萦绕群怜想象中恐惧 事实证明选择听恐惧 决定生死
now we might just as easily call these fears by a different name what if instead of calling them fears we called them stories
许容易名称称呼恐惧 称恐惧 称事
because that＇s really what fear is if you think about it it＇s a kind of unintentional storytelling that we are all born knowing how to do and fears and storytelling have the same components
果仔细想想恐惧真正意义 种生俱 意识讲事力 恐惧讲事着样构成
they have the same architecture like all stories fears have characters in our fears the characters are us fears also have plots they have beginnings and middles and ends you board the plane
样结构 事恐惧中角色 恐惧中角色 恐惧情节开头中间结尾 登飞机
the plane takes off the engine fails our fears also tend to contain imagery that can be every bit as vivid as what you might find in the pages of a novel picture a cannibal human teeth sinking into human skin human flesh roasting over a fire
飞机起飞结果引擎障 恐惧会包括种生动想象 说逊色 想象食族类牙齿 咬类皮肤 肉火烤
fears also have suspense if i＇ve done my job as a storyteller today you should be wondering what happened to the men of the whaleship essex our fears provoke in us a very similar form of suspense
恐惧中悬念 果天讲事样留悬念说 许会想知道 essex捕鲸船底样 恐惧悬念样方式刺激
just like all great stories our fears focus our attention on a question that is as important in life as it is in literature what will happen next
事恐惧部文学作品样 注意力集中生命关重问题： 发生什
in other words our fears make us think about the future and humans by the way are the only creatures capable of thinking about the future in this way of projecting ourselves forward in time and this mental time travel is just one more thing that fears have in common with storytelling
换言恐惧想未 外唯力 通种方式想未生物 预测时间推移状况 种精神时间旅行恐惧 讲事点
as a writer i can tell you that a big part of writing fiction is learning to predict how one event in a story will affect all the other events and fear works in that same way
作家告诉写说重部分 学会预测事中件 事情影响件事情 恐惧样做
in fear just like in fiction one thing always leads to another when i was writing my first novel the age of miracles i spent months trying to figure out what would happen if the rotation of the earth suddenly began to slow down what would happen to our days
恐惧中说样件事情总导致件事情 写第部说奇迹时代时候 花数月时间想象果球旋转突然变慢 会发生什 天变
what would happen to our crops what would happen to our minds and then it was only later that i realized how very similar these questions were to the ones i used to ask myself as a child frightened in the night
身体会样 思想会什变化 意识 总问问题 孩子夜里害怕相
if an earthquake strikes tonight i used to worry what will happen to our house what will happen to my family and the answer to those questions always took the form of a story
果晚发生震会担心 房子会样啊家里会样啊 类问题答案通常会事样
so if we think of our fears as more than just fears but as stories we should think of ourselves as the authors of those stories but just as importantly we need to think of ourselves as the readers of our fears and how we choose to read our fears can have a profound effect on our lives
认恐惧仅仅恐惧 事应该作 事作者 样重需想象 恐惧解读者选择 解读恐惧会生活产生深远影响
now some of us naturally read our fears more closely than others i read about a study recently of successful entrepreneurs and the author found that these people shared a habit that he called productive paranoia which meant that these people instead of dismissing their fears these people read them closely they studied them and then they translated that fear into preparation and action
现中更然解读恐惧 关成功企业家研究 作者发现惯 做未雨绸缪 意思回避恐惧 认真解读研究恐惧 然恐惧转换成准备行动
so that way if their worst fears came true their businesses were ready
样果坏事情发生 企业准备
and sometimes of course our worst fears do come true that＇s one of the things that is so extraordinary about fear once in a while our fears can predict the future
然时候坏事情确实发生 恐惧非面 时恐惧预测
but we can＇t possibly prepare for all of the fears that our imaginations concoct so how can we tell the difference between the fears worth listening to and all the others i think the end of the story of the whaleship essex offers an illuminating if tragic example
想象力构建 恐惧做准备 区分值听恐惧 值呢 想捕鲸船essex事结局 提供启发性时悲惨例子
after much deliberation the men finally made a decision terrified of cannibals they decided to forgo the closest islands and instead embarked on the longer and much more difficult route to south america
数次权衡终做出决定 害怕食族决定放弃群岛 开始更长 更艰难南美洲旅
after more than two months at sea the men ran out of food as they knew they might and they were still quite far from land when the last of the survivors were finally picked up by two passing ships less than half of the men were left alive and some of them had resorted to their own form of cannibalism
海呆两月 食物预料中消耗殆 然离陆远 幸存者终船救起时 半活着 实际中变成食族
herman melville who used this story as research for moby dick wrote years later and from dry land quote all the sufferings of these miserable men of the essex might in all human probability have been avoided had they immediately after leaving the wreck steered straight for tahiti
赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(herman melville)事作 白鲸记素材数年写： essex船遇难者悲惨结局 许通努力避免 果机立断离开沉船 直奔塔西提群岛
but as melville put it they dreaded cannibals so the question is why did these men dread cannibals so much more than the extreme likelihood of starvation
梅尔维尔说道：害怕食族 问题什食族恐惧 超更饥饿威胁呢
why were they swayed by one story so much more than the other looked at from this angle theirs becomes a story about reading the novelist vladimir nabokov said that the best reader has a combination of two very different temperaments the artistic and the scientific
什会事 影响呢 角度 关解读事 说家弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫(vladimir nabokov)说 读者两种截然性格结合起 艺术气质科学精神
a good reader has an artist＇s passion a willingness to get caught up in the story but just as importantly the readers also needs the coolness of judgment of a scientist which acts to temper and complicate the reader＇s intuitive reactions to the story as we＇ve seen the men of the essex had no trouble with the artistic part
读者艺术家热情 愿意融入事中 样重读者 科学家冷静判断 帮助稳定情绪分析 事直觉反应 出essex艺术部分点问题没
they dreamed up a variety of horrifying scenarios the problem was that they listened to the wrong story of all the narratives their fears wrote they responded only to the most lurid the most vivid the one that was easiest for their imaginations to picture cannibals
梦想系列恐怖场景 问题听错误事 恐惧中 中耸听闻生动事 想象中早出现场景： 食族
but perhaps if they＇d been able to read their fears more like a scientist with more coolness of judgment they would have listened instead to the less violent but the more likely tale the story of starvation and headed for tahiti just as melville＇s sad commentary suggests
许果科学家样 稍微冷静点解读事 果听太惊悚更发生 半路饿死事会直奔塔西提群岛 梅尔维尔充满惋惜评建议样
and maybe if we all tried to read our fears we too would be less often swayed by the most salacious among them
许果试着解读恐惧 少 中幻象迷惑
maybe then we＇d spend less time worrying about serial killers and plane crashes and more time concerned with the subtler and slower disasters we face the silent buildup of plaque in our arteries the gradual changes in our climate
少花点时间 系列杀手者飞机失事方面担忧 更关心悄然 灾难： 动脉血板逐渐堆积 气候逐渐变迁
just as the most nuanced stories in literature are often the richest so too might our subtlest fears be the truest read in the right way our fears are an amazing gift of the imagination a kind of everyday clairvoyance a way of glimpsing what might be the future when there＇s still time to influence how that future will play out
文学中精妙事通常丰富事 细微恐惧真实恐惧 正确方法解读恐惧想象力 赐礼物双慧眼 窥未 甚影响未
properly read our fears can offer us something as precious as our favorite works of literature a little wisdom a bit of insight and a version of that most elusive thing the truth thank you
果正确解读恐惧 喜欢文学作品样珍贵东西： 点点智慧点点洞悉 玄妙东西—— 真相诠释 谢谢
(applause)
(掌声)
TED英文演讲稿：性格力量
ted英文演讲稿（3） | 返回目录
when i was nine years old i went off to summer camp for the first time and my mother packed me a suitcase full of books which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do because in my family reading was the primary group activity and this might sound antisocial to you but for us it was really just a different way of being social you have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind and i had this idea that camp was going to be just like this but better (laughter) i had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns
(laughter)
camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol and on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit and it went like this rowdie that＇s the way we spell rowdie rowdie rowdie let＇s get rowdie yeah so i couldn＇t figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy or why we had to spell this word incorrectly (laughter) but i recited a cheer i recited a cheer along with everybody else i did my best and i just waited for the time that i could go off and read my books
but the first time that i took my book out of my suitcase the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me why are you being so mellow mellow of course being the exact opposite of rowdie and then the second time i tried it the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing
and so i put my books away back in their suitcase and i put them under my bed and there they stayed for the rest of the summer and i felt kind of guilty about this i felt as if the books needed me somehow and they were calling out to me and i was forsaking them but i did forsake them and i didn＇t open that suitcase again until i was back home with my family at the end of the summer
now i tell you this story about summer camp i could have told you 50 others just like it all the times that i got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being was not necessarily the right way to go that i should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert and i always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were but for years i denied this intuition and so i became a wall street lawyer of all things instead of the writer that i had always longed to be partly because i needed to prove to myself that i could be bold and assertive too and i was always going off to crowded bars when i really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends and i made these selfnegating choices so reflexively that i wasn＇t even aware that i was making them
now this is what many introverts do and it＇s our loss for sure but it is also our colleagues＇ loss and our communities＇ loss and at the risk of sounding grandiose it is the world＇s loss because when it comes to creativity and to leadership we need introverts doing what they do best a third to a half of the population are introverts a third to a half so that＇s one out of every two or three people you know so even if you＇re an extrovert yourself i＇m talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your children and the person sitting next to you right now all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society we all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we＇re doing
now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is it＇s different from being shy shyness is about fear of social judgment introversion is more about how do you respond to stimulation including social stimulation so extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switchedon and their most capable when they＇re in quieter more lowkey environments not all the time these things aren＇t absolute but a lot of the time so the key then to maximizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us
but now here＇s where the bias comes in our most important institutions our schools and our workplaces they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts＇ need for lots of stimulation and also we have this belief system right now that i call the new groupthink which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place
so if you picture the typical classroom nowadays when i was going to school we sat in rows we sat in rows of desks like this and we did most of our work pretty autonomously but nowadays your typical classroom has pods of desks four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other and kids are working in countless group assignments even in subjects like math and creative writing which you think would depend on solo flights of thought kids are now expected to act as committee members and for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone those kids are seen as outliers often or worse as problem cases and the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert as opposed to an introvert even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable according to research (laughter)
okay same thing is true in our workplaces now most of us work in open plan offices without walls where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers and when it comes to leadership introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions even though introverts tend to be very careful much less likely to take outsize risks which is something we might all favor nowadays and interesting research by adam grant at the wharton school has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do because when they are managing proactive employees they＇re much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas whereas an extrovert can quite unwittingly get so excited about things that they＇re putting their own stamp on things and other people＇s ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface
now in fact some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts i＇ll give you some examples eleanor roosevelt rosa parks gandhi all these peopled described themselves as quiet and softspoken and even shy and they all took the spotlight even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to and this turns out to have a special power all its own because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at they were there because they had no choice because they were driven to do what they thought was right
now i think at this point it＇s important for me to say that i actually love extroverts i always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts including my beloved husband and we all fall at different points of course along the introvertextrovert spectrum even carl jung the psychologist who first popularized these terms said that there＇s no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure extrovert he said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum if he existed at all and some people fall smack in the middle of the introvertextrovert spectrum and we call these people ambiverts and i often think that they have the best of all worlds but many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other
and what i＇m saying is that culturally we need a much better balance we need more of a yin and yang between these two types this is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people what they find are people who are very good at exchanging ideas and advancing ideas but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them
and this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity so darwin he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations theodor geisel better known as dr seuss he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in la jolla california and he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly santa clauslike figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona steve wozniak invented the first apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in hewlettpackard where he was working at the time and he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up
now of course this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating and case in point is steve wozniak famously coming together with steve jobs to start apple computer but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe and in fact we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude it＇s only recently that we＇ve strangely begun to forget it if you look at most of the world＇s major religions you will find seekers moses jesus buddha muhammad seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community so no wilderness no revelations
this is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology it turns out that we can＇t even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring mimicking their opinions even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you＇re attracted to you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that＇s what you＇re doing
and groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room even though there＇s zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas i mean zero so (laughter) you might be following the person with the best ideas but you might not and do you really want to leave it up to chance much better for everybody to go off by themselves generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics and then come together as a team to talk them through in a wellmanaged environment and take it from there
now if all this is true then why are we getting it so wrong why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces and why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time one answer lies deep in our cultural history western societies and in particular the us have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and man of contemplation but in america＇s early days we lived in what historians call a culture of character where we still at that point valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude and if you look at the selfhelp books from this era they all had titles with things like character the grandest thing in the world and they featured role models like abraham lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming ralph waldo emerson called him a man who does not offend by superiority
but then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality what happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business and so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities and instead of working alongside people they＇ve known all their lives now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers so quite understandably qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important and sure enough the selfhelp books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like how to win friends and influence people and they feature as their role models really great salesmen so that＇s the world we＇re living in today that＇s our cultural inheritance
now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant and i＇m also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all the same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust and the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so complex that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together but i am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems
so now i＇d like to share with you what＇s in my suitcase today guess what books i have a suitcase full of books here＇s margaret atwood cat＇s eye here＇s a novel by milan kundera and here＇s the guide for the perplexed by maimonides but these are not exactly my books i brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather＇s favorite authors
my grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when i was growing up partly because it was filled with his very gentle very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books i mean literally every table every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books just like the rest of my family my grandfather＇s favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read
but he also loved his congregation and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi he would takes the fruits of each week＇s reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought and people would come from all over to hear him speak
but here＇s the thing about my grandfather underneath this ceremonial role he was really modest and really introverted so much so that when he delivered these sermons he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years and even away from the podium when you called him to say hello he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time but when he died at the age of 94 the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him and so these days i try to learn from my grandfather＇s example in my own way
so i just published a book about introversion and it took me about seven years to write and for me that seven years was like total bliss because i was reading i was writing i was thinking i was researching it was my version of my grandfather＇s hours of the day alone in his library but now all of a sudden my job is very different and my job is to be out here talking about it talking about introversion (laughter) and that＇s a lot harder for me because as honored as i am to be here with all of you right now this is not my natural milieu
so i prepared for moments like these as best i could i spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance i could get and i call this my year of speaking dangerously (laughter) and that actually helped a lot but i＇ll tell you what helps even more is my sense my belief my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change i mean we are and so i am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision
number one stop the madness for constant group work just stop it (laughter) thank you (applause) and i want to be clear about what i＇m saying because i deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual chatty cafestyle types of interactions you know the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas that is great it＇s great for introverts and it＇s great for extroverts but we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work school same thing we need to be teaching kids to work together for sure but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own this is especially important for extroverted children too they need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part
okay number two go to the wilderness be like buddha have your own revelations i＇m not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again but i am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often
number three take a good look at what＇s inside your own suitcase and why you put it there so extroverts maybe your suitcases are also full of books or maybe they＇re full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment whatever it is i hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy but introverts you being you you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what＇s inside your own suitcase and that＇s okay but occasionally just occasionally i hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry
so i wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly
thank you very much
(applause)
thank you thank you
TED英文演讲稿：Why you will fail to have a great career
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文目录
1 ted英文演讲稿
2 Ted英文演讲稿What fear can teach us
3 TED英文演讲稿：性格力量
篇应届毕业生演讲稿网站整理提供阿达泰坦尼克号导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆(james cameron)篇ted演讲演讲里卡梅隆回顾电影学院毕业走导演道路事卡梅隆告诉畏惧失败永远设限更演讲稿范文欢迎访问应届毕业生演讲稿网站
i grew up on a steady diet of science fiction in high school i took a bus to school an hour each way every day and i was always absorbed in a book science fiction book which took my mind to other worlds and satisfied in a narrative form this insatiable sense of curiosity that i had
and you know that curiosity also manifested itself in the fact that whenever i wasn＇t in school i was out in the woods hiking and taking samples frogs and snakes and bugs and pond water and bringing it back looking at it under the microscope you know i was a real science geek but it was all about trying to understand the world understand the limits of possibility
and my love of science fiction actually seemed mirrored in the world around me because what was happening this was in the late ＇60s we were going to the moon we were exploring the deep oceansjacques cousteau was coming into our living rooms with his amazing specials that showed us animals and places and a wondrous world that we could never really have previously imagined so that seemed to resonate with the whole science fiction part of it
and i was an artist i could draw i could paint and i found that because there weren＇t video gamesand this saturation of cg movies and all of this imagery in the media landscape i had to create these images in my head you know we all did as kids having to read a book and through the author＇s description put something on the movie screen in our heads and so my response to this was to paint to draw alien creatures alien worlds robots spaceships all that stuff i was endlessly getting busted in math class doodling behind the textbook that was the creativity had to find its outlet somehow
and an interesting thing happened the jacques cousteau shows actually got me very excited about the fact that there was an alien world right here on earth i might not really go to an alien world on a spaceship someday that seemed pretty darn unlikely but that was a world i could really go to right here on earth that was as rich and exotic as anything that i had imagined from reading these books
so i decided i was going to become a scuba diver at the age of 15 and the only problem with that was that i lived in a little village in canada 600 miles from the nearest ocean but i didn＇t let that daunt me i pestered my father until he finally found a scuba class in buffalo new york right across the border from where we live and i actually got certified in a pool at a ymca in the dead of winter in buffalo new york and i didn＇t see the ocean a real ocean for another two years until we moved to california
since then in the intervening 40 years i＇ve spent about 3000 hours underwater and 500 hours of that was in submersibles and i＇ve learned that that deepocean environment and even the shallow oceansare so rich with amazing life that really is beyond our imagination nature＇s imagination is so boundlesscompared to our own meager human imagination i still to this day stand in absolute awe of what i see when i make these dives and my love affair with the ocean is ongoing and just as strong as it ever was
but when i chose a career as an adult it was filmmaking and that seemed to be the best way to reconcile this urge i had to tell stories with my urges to create images and i was as a kid constantly drawing comic books and so on so filmmaking was the way to put pictures and stories together and that made sense and of course the stories that i chose to tell were science fiction stories terminator aliens and the abyss and with the abyss i was putting together my love of underwater and diving with filmmaking so you know merging the two passions
something interesting came out of the abyss which was that to solve a specific narrative problem on that film which was to create this kind of liquid water creature we actually embraced computer generated animation cg and this resulted in the first softsurface character cg animation that was ever in a movie and even though the film didn＇t make any money barely broke even i should say i witnessed something amazing which is that the audience the global audience was mesmerized by this apparent magic
you know it＇s arthur clarke＇s law that any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic they were seeing something magical and so that got me very excited and i thought wow this is something that needs to be embraced into the cinematic art so with terminator 2 which was my next film we took that much farther working with ilm we created the liquid metal dude in that film the success hung in the balance on whether that effect would work and it did and we created magic again and we had the same result with an audience although we did make a little more money on that one
so drawing a line through those two dots of experience came to this is going to be a whole new world this was a whole new world of creativity for film artists so i started a company with stan winston my good friend stan winston who is the premier makeup and creature designer at that time and it was called digital domain and the concept of the company was that we would leapfrog past the analog processes of optical printers and so on and we would go right to digital production and we actually did that and it gave us a competitive advantage for a while
but we found ourselves lagging in the mid ＇90s in the creature and character design stuff that we had actually founded the company to do so i wrote this piece called avatar which was meant to absolutely push the envelope of visual effects of cg effects beyond with realistic human emotive characters generated in cg and the main characters would all be in cg and the world would be in cg and the envelope pushed back and i was told by the folks at my company that we weren＇t going to be able to do this for a while
so i shelved it and i made this other movie about a big ship that sinks (laughter) you know i went and pitched it to the studio as ＇romeo and juliet＇ on a ship it＇s going to be this epic romancepassionate film secretly what i wanted to do was i wanted to dive to the real wreck of titanic and that＇s why i made the movie (applause) and that＇s the truth now the studio didn＇t know that but i convinced them i said we＇re going to dive to the wreck we＇re going to film it for real we＇ll be using it in the opening of the film it will be really important it will be a great marketing hook and i talked them into funding an expedition (laughter)
sounds crazy but this goes back to that theme about your imagination creating a reality because we actually created a reality where six months later i find myself in a russian submersible two and a half miles down in the north atlantic looking at the real titanic through a view port not a movie not hd for real (applause)
now that blew my mind and it took a lot of preparation we had to build cameras and lights and all kinds of things but it struck me how much this dive these deep dives was like a space mission you know where it was highly technical and it required enormous planning you get in this capsule you go down to this dark hostile environment where there is no hope of rescue if you can＇t get back by yourself and i thought like wow i＇m like living in a science fiction movie this is really cool
and so i really got bitten by the bug of deepocean exploration of course the curiosity the science component of it it was everything it was adventure it was curiosity it was imagination and it was an experience that hollywood couldn＇t give me because you know i could imagine a creature and we could create a visual effect for it but i couldn＇t imagine what i was seeing out that window as we did some of our subsequent expeditions i was seeing creatures at hydrothermal vents and sometimes things that i had never seen before sometimes things that no one had seen before that actually were not described by science at the time that we saw them and imaged them
so i was completely smitten by this and had to do more and so i actually made a kind of curious decision after the success of titanic i said ok i＇m going to park my day job as a hollywood movie maker and i＇m going to go be a fulltime explorer for a while and so we started planning theseexpeditions and we wound up going to the bismark and exploring it with robotic vehicles we went back to the titanic wreck we took little bots that we had created that spooled a fiber optic and the idea was to go in and do an interior survey of that ship which had never been done nobody had ever looked inside the wreck they didn＇t have the means to do it so we created technology to do it
so you know here i am now on the deck of titanic sitting in a submersible and looking out at planks that look much like this where i knew that the band had played and i＇m flying a little robotic vehiclethrough the corridor of the ship when i say i＇m operating it but my mind is in the vehicle i felt like i was physically present inside the shipwreck of titanic and it was the most surreal kind of deja vu experience i＇ve ever had because i would know before i turned a corner what was going to be there before the lights of the vehicle actually revealed it because i had walked the set for months when we were making the movie and the set was based as an exact replica on the blueprints of the ship
so it was this absolutely remarkable experience and it really made me realize that the telepresence experience that you actually can have these robotic avatars then your consciousness is injected into the vehicle into this other form of existence it was really really quite profound and it may be a little bit of a glimpse as to what might be happening some decades out as we start to have cyborg bodies for exploration or for other means in many sort of posthuman futures that i can imagine as a science fiction fan
so having done these expeditions and really beginning to appreciate what was down there such as at the deep ocean vents where we had these amazing amazing animals they＇re basically aliens right here on earth they live in an environment of chemosynthesis they don＇t survive on sunlightbasedsystem the way we do and so you＇re seeing animals that are living next to a 500degreecentigradewater plumes you think they can＇t possibly exist
at the same time i was getting very interested in space science as well again it＇s the science fiction influence as a kid and i wound up getting involved with the space community really involved with nasa sitting on the nasa advisory board planning actual space missions going to russia going through the precosmonaut biomedical protocols and all these sorts of things to actually go and fly to the international space station with our 3d camera systems and this was fascinating but what i wound up doing was bringing space scientists with us into the deep and taking them down so that they had access astrobiologists planetary scientists people who were interested in these extreme environments taking them down to the vents and letting them see and take samples and test instruments and so on
so here we were making documentary films but actually doing science and actually doing space science i＇d completely closed the loop between being the science fiction fan you know as a kid and doing this stuff for real and you know along the way in this journey of discovery i learned a lot i learned a lot about science but i also learned a lot about leadership now you think director has got to be a leader leader of captain of the ship and all that sort of thing
i didn＇t really learn about leadership until i did these expeditions because i had to at a certain point say what am i doing out here why am i doing this what do i get out of it we don＇t make money at these damn shows we barely break even there is no fame in it people sort of think i went awaybetween titanic and avatar and was buffing my nails someplace sitting at the beach made all these films made all these documentary films for a very limited audience
no fame no glory no money what are you doing you＇re doing it for the task itself for the challenge and the ocean is the most challenging environment there is for the thrill of discovery and for that strange bond that happens when a small group of people form a tightly knit team because we would do these things with 10 12 people working for years at a time sometimes at sea for two three months at a time
and in that bond you realize that the most important thing is the respect that you have for them and that they have for you that you＇ve done a task that you can＇t explain to someone else when you come back to the shore and you say we had to do this and the fiber optic and the attentuation and the this and the that all the technology of it and the difficulty the humanperformance aspects of working at sea you can＇t explain it to people it＇s that thing that maybe cops have or people in combat that have gone through something together and they know they can never explain it creates a bond creates a bond of respect
so when i came back to make my next movie which was avatar i tried to apply that same principle of leadership which is that you respect your team and you earn their respect in return and it really changed the dynamic so here i was again with a small team in uncharted territory doing avatar coming up with new technology that didn＇t exist before tremendously exciting tremendously challenging and we became a family over a fourandhalf year period and it completely changed how i do movies so people have commented on how well you know you brought back the ocean organisms and put them on the planet of pandora to me it was more of a fundamental way of doing business the process itself that changed as a result of that
so what can we synthesize out of all this you know what are the lessons learned well i think number one is curiosity it＇s the most powerful thing you own imagination is a force that can actually manifest a reality and the respect of your team is more important than all the laurels in the world i have young filmmakers come up to me and say give me some advice for doing this and i say don＇t put limitations on yourself other people will do that for you don＇t do it to yourself don＇t bet against yourself and take risks
nasa has this phrase that they like failure is not an option but failure has to be an option in art and in exploration because it＇s a leap of faith and no important endeavor that required innovation was done without risk you have to be willing to take those risks so that＇s the thought i would leave you with is that in whatever you＇re doing failure is an option but fear is not thank you (applause)
译文：科幻说长高中时连坐校车学时读着科幻说书带世界满足止境奇学校总树丛中寻找标——青蛙蛇昆虫……放显微镜观察总试图认知世界想找边界
科幻说热爱许时代写60年代末期类登月球深海通电视动物方想象种氛围中知觉喜欢科幻说
完说事中影会脑海中断放映许创造力必须找
发泄方式开始画外星机器飞船……甚会数学课课背面画画
科幻说断接触想：外星定生存外太空生活星球15岁时决定成潜水员时实现梦想唯问题生活加山村离海6英里远
父亲没成梦想障碍边境岸美国纽约州布法罗找潜水培训班便布法罗泳池里获潜水证书直两年全家搬加州第次机会真正潜水
40年里海底约总花3万时海丰富彩众神奇生物生活中起想象力然想象力完全没边界想海解少海洋奇直延续着
电影魔法师科学体验
长没成名潜水员选择职业电影喜欢讲事画图画电影起合适工作然讲述事科幻——终结者外星等等
潜水热爱电影融合起拍摄深渊时趣想法塑造水状生物时计算机生成动画——cgcg应产生电影历史第软表面电脑制成形象然部电影公司差点亏全世界观众种新技术震撼
根亚瑟·克拉克定律——高难度技术魔法没什区觉神奇东西感兴奋想cg应该电影艺术中
接电影终结者2中种技术推步创造金属变次魔术部电影成功赚钱
作电影全新世界全新未友斯坦·温斯顿创立家公司做数领域公司概念跳普通电影制作直接进入数电影制作做段时间定优势90年代中期发现落
写阿达部电影想推动整视觉体验动画效果进步电影物跳出想象框架完全动画效果诠释物表情开始员工告诉没力做阿达放边转制作部电影——泰坦尼克号
泰坦尼克号寻找投资商时告诉制作部关爱情电影事罗密欧朱丽叶样凄美动事实真正想做潜入海底探寻真正泰坦尼克号真心话电影公司知道
告诉沉入海底拍摄泰坦尼克号真实画面片段放首映式展现会引起轰动票房会令意外电影公司真意出钱支持探索泰坦尼克号
然现觉疯狂想象创造现实两月北西洋艘俄罗斯潜艇里肉眼真正泰坦尼克号
泰坦尼克号拍摄体验震撼然做准备工作令震惊次深海拍摄次外太空旅行——尖端科技繁杂计划环境危险仿佛置身科幻说中
发现想象生物想永远法想象出透潜艇窗生物见未见东西见没见东西拍时没科学描述震撼必须做更
泰坦尼克号成功做决定：暂停业——莱坞导演做段时间全职探险家开始策划探险动探测车帮助危险方发明技术泰坦尼克号残骸做次全面勘测次重现面前
通种会飞行动探测仪坐潜艇里探索泰坦尼克号部操作仪器时脑子探测仪中感觉真泰坦尼克号种令兴奋似相识感觉知道假里转弯会什已完全样泰坦尼克号复制品工作月
次寻常体验感觉远程监控量意识注入机器注入种存中种体验非常深刻许十年半机器出现者类生物出现时会种感觉常
探险开始真正感谢存海底生物生物基说外星生物生活化学合成环境中法样存活太阳时科幻说影响太空科学非常感兴趣
进入nasa顾问委员会策划真正太空行程宇航员带着3d摄机进入太空站非常趣真正想做太空专家带入深海深海取样做纪录片做科学事业整生整合起
发现团队力量
发现旅途中学学仅仅科学知识领导力作导演定具高领导力探险中学带领团队
探险时时候会问什会里什做纪录片 中什 没纪录片中赚钱差点亏没赚名声泰坦尼克号直躺沙滩边享受
做什呢做实件务身挑战——海洋现存危险环境发现种奇怪关系——少组成紧密团队1012起工作年时海里起工作23月
种关系中发现重东西尊重里里做工作法解释必须建立起种关系建立尊重
开始拍摄阿达时试着种互相尊重领导力原应电影拍摄中快情况改变阿达拍摄程中团队未知领工作创造新科技非常意思非常挑战四年半时间成家庭完全改变前拍电影方式
评文章说卡梅隆海底生物放潘拉星球影片成功原说做事基法程身改变事情结果
总结学什
第：奇心拥重东西
第二：想象力创造现实重力量
第三：团队尊重世界定律更重定律
少年轻电影导演讨教成功验说：划定界限会划边界千万险失败中选项畏惧没次探险完全安全保障情况完成必须愿意承担风险谢谢家(掌声)
Ted英文演讲稿What fear can teach us
ted英文演讲稿（2） | 返回目录
one day in 1819 3000 miles off the coast of chile in one of the most remote regions of the pacific ocean 20 american sailors watched their ship flood with seawater
1819年某天 距离智利海岸3000英里方 太洋偏远水域 20名美国船员目睹船进水场面
they＇d been struck by a sperm whale which had ripped a catastrophic hole in the ship＇s hull as their ship began to sink beneath the swells the men huddled together in three small whaleboats
头抹香鲸相撞船体撞 毁灭性洞 船巨浪中开始沉没时 三条救生艇中抱作团
these men were 10000 miles from home more than 1000 miles from the nearest scrap of land in their small boats they carried only rudimentary navigational equipment and limited supplies of food and water
离家10000万英里方 离陆超1000英里 艇中带 落导航设备 限食物饮水
these were the men of the whaleship essex whose story would later inspire parts of moby dick
捕鲸船essex 事成白鲸记部分
even in today＇s world their situation would be really dire but think about how much worse it would have been then
世界碰种情况够杯具更说时情况糟糕
no one on land had any idea that anything had gone wrong no search party was coming to look for these men so most of us have never experienced a situation as frightening as the one in which these sailors found themselves but we all know what it＇s like to be afraid
岸根没意识出什问题 没搜寻 中部分没历 船员处怕情景 知道害怕什感觉
we know how fear feels but i＇m not sure we spend enough time thinking about what our fears mean
知道恐惧感觉 肯定会花时间想 恐惧底意味着什
as we grow up we＇re often encouraged to think of fear as a weakness just another childish thing to discard like baby teeth or roller skates
长总会鼓励恐惧 视软弱需乳牙轮滑鞋样 扔掉幼稚东西
and i think it＇s no accident that we think this way neuroscientists have actually shown that human beings are hardwired to be optimists
想意外事非想样 神系统科学家已知道类 生乐观义者
so maybe that＇s why we think of fear sometimes as a danger in and of itself don＇t worry we like to say to one another don＇t panic in english fear is something we conquer it＇s something we fight
许什认时候恐惧 身种危险带危险 愁总说慌 英语中恐惧需征服东西 必须抗东西必须克服东西
it＇s something we overcome but what if we looked at fear in a fresh way what if we thought of fear as an amazing act of the imagination something that can be as profound and insightful as storytelling itself
果换视角恐惧会呢 果恐惧做想象力惊成果 讲事样 精妙见东西会呢
it＇s easiest to see this link between fear and the imagination in young children whose fears are often extraordinarily vivid
孩子中容易恐惧想象间联系 恐惧常超级生动
when i was a child i lived in california which is you know mostly a very nice place to live but for me as a child california could also be a little scary
时候住加利福尼亚 知道非常适合居住位置 孩说加利福尼亚会点吓
i remember how frightening it was to see the chandelier that hung above our dining table swing back and forth during every minor earthquake and i sometimes couldn＇t sleep at night terrified that the big one might strike while we were sleeping
记次震时候 餐桌吊灯 晃晃时候吓 常会彻夜难眠担心震 会睡觉时候突然袭
and what we say about kids who have fears like that is that they have a vivid imagination but at a certain point most of us learn to leave these kinds of visions behind and grow up
说孩子感受种恐惧 生动想象力 某时候数学会 抛弃种想法变成熟
we learn that there are no monsters hiding under the bed and not every earthquake brings buildings down but maybe it＇s no coincidence that some of our most creative minds fail to leave these kinds of fears behind as adults
知道床没魔鬼 震会震垮房子中想象力 没成年抛弃种恐惧许巧合
the same incredible imaginations that produced the origin of species jane eyre and the remembrance of things past also generated intense worries that haunted the adult lives of charles darwin charlotte brontĂŤ and marcel proust so the question is what can the rest of us learn about fear from visionaries and young children
样思议想象力创造物种起源 简·爱追忆似水年华 种生俱深深担忧直缠绕着成年 查尔斯·达尔文 夏洛特·勃朗特马塞尔·普罗斯特 问题 梦想家孩子身学会恐惧
well let＇s return to the year 1819 for a moment to the situation facing the crew of the whaleship essex let＇s take a look at the fears that their imaginations were generating as they drifted in the middle of the pacific
暂时回1819年 回essex捕鲸船水手面情况 漂流太洋中央时 想象力带恐惧感觉
twentyfour hours had now passed since the capsizing of the ship the time had come for the men to make a plan but they had very few options
船倾覆已24时 时制定计划 实没什太选择
in his fascinating account of the disaster nathaniel philbrick wrote that these men were just about as far from land as it was possible to be anywhere on earth
纳撒尼尔·菲尔布里克(nathaniel philbrick)描述场灾难 动文章中写离陆远 似永远达球块陆
the men knew that the nearest islands they could reach were the marquesas islands 1200 miles away but they＇d heard some frightening rumors
知道离岛 1200英里外马克萨斯群岛(marquesas islands) 听恐怖谣言
they＇d been told that these islands and several others nearby were populated by cannibals so the men pictured coming ashore only to be murdered and eaten for dinner another possible destination was hawaii but given the season the captain was afraid they＇d be struck by severe storms
听说群岛 附岛屿住着食族 脑中岸会杀掉 做盘中餐画面 行目夏威夷 船长担心 会困风暴中
now the last option was the longest and the most difficult to sail 1500 miles due south in hopes of reaching a certain band of winds that could eventually push them toward the coast of south america
选择远艰险方： 南走1500英里希某股风 终 吹南美洲海岸
but they knew that the sheer length of this journey would stretch their supplies of food and water to be eaten by cannibals to be battered by storms to starve to death before reaching land
知道行程中旦偏航 会耗食物饮水供 食族吃掉风暴掀翻 登陆前饿死
these were the fears that danced in the imaginations of these poor men and as it turned out the fear they chose to listen to would govern whether they lived or died
萦绕群怜想象中恐惧 事实证明选择听恐惧 决定生死
now we might just as easily call these fears by a different name what if instead of calling them fears we called them stories
许容易名称称呼恐惧 称恐惧 称事
because that＇s really what fear is if you think about it it＇s a kind of unintentional storytelling that we are all born knowing how to do and fears and storytelling have the same components
果仔细想想恐惧真正意义 种生俱 意识讲事力 恐惧讲事着样构成
they have the same architecture like all stories fears have characters in our fears the characters are us fears also have plots they have beginnings and middles and ends you board the plane
样结构 事恐惧中角色 恐惧中角色 恐惧情节开头中间结尾 登飞机
the plane takes off the engine fails our fears also tend to contain imagery that can be every bit as vivid as what you might find in the pages of a novel picture a cannibal human teeth sinking into human skin human flesh roasting over a fire
飞机起飞结果引擎障 恐惧会包括种生动想象 说逊色 想象食族类牙齿 咬类皮肤 肉火烤
fears also have suspense if i＇ve done my job as a storyteller today you should be wondering what happened to the men of the whaleship essex our fears provoke in us a very similar form of suspense
恐惧中悬念 果天讲事样留悬念说 许会想知道 essex捕鲸船底样 恐惧悬念样方式刺激
just like all great stories our fears focus our attention on a question that is as important in life as it is in literature what will happen next
事恐惧部文学作品样 注意力集中生命关重问题： 发生什
in other words our fears make us think about the future and humans by the way are the only creatures capable of thinking about the future in this way of projecting ourselves forward in time and this mental time travel is just one more thing that fears have in common with storytelling
换言恐惧想未 外唯力 通种方式想未生物 预测时间推移状况 种精神时间旅行恐惧 讲事点
as a writer i can tell you that a big part of writing fiction is learning to predict how one event in a story will affect all the other events and fear works in that same way
作家告诉写说重部分 学会预测事中件 事情影响件事情 恐惧样做
in fear just like in fiction one thing always leads to another when i was writing my first novel the age of miracles i spent months trying to figure out what would happen if the rotation of the earth suddenly began to slow down what would happen to our days
恐惧中说样件事情总导致件事情 写第部说奇迹时代时候 花数月时间想象果球旋转突然变慢 会发生什 天变
what would happen to our crops what would happen to our minds and then it was only later that i realized how very similar these questions were to the ones i used to ask myself as a child frightened in the night
身体会样 思想会什变化 意识 总问问题 孩子夜里害怕相
if an earthquake strikes tonight i used to worry what will happen to our house what will happen to my family and the answer to those questions always took the form of a story
果晚发生震会担心 房子会样啊家里会样啊 类问题答案通常会事样
so if we think of our fears as more than just fears but as stories we should think of ourselves as the authors of those stories but just as importantly we need to think of ourselves as the readers of our fears and how we choose to read our fears can have a profound effect on our lives
认恐惧仅仅恐惧 事应该作 事作者 样重需想象 恐惧解读者选择 解读恐惧会生活产生深远影响
now some of us naturally read our fears more closely than others i read about a study recently of successful entrepreneurs and the author found that these people shared a habit that he called productive paranoia which meant that these people instead of dismissing their fears these people read them closely they studied them and then they translated that fear into preparation and action
现中更然解读恐惧 关成功企业家研究 作者发现惯 做未雨绸缪 意思回避恐惧 认真解读研究恐惧 然恐惧转换成准备行动
so that way if their worst fears came true their businesses were ready
样果坏事情发生 企业准备
and sometimes of course our worst fears do come true that＇s one of the things that is so extraordinary about fear once in a while our fears can predict the future
然时候坏事情确实发生 恐惧非面 时恐惧预测
but we can＇t possibly prepare for all of the fears that our imaginations concoct so how can we tell the difference between the fears worth listening to and all the others i think the end of the story of the whaleship essex offers an illuminating if tragic example
想象力构建 恐惧做准备 区分值听恐惧 值呢 想捕鲸船essex事结局 提供启发性时悲惨例子
after much deliberation the men finally made a decision terrified of cannibals they decided to forgo the closest islands and instead embarked on the longer and much more difficult route to south america
数次权衡终做出决定 害怕食族决定放弃群岛 开始更长 更艰难南美洲旅
after more than two months at sea the men ran out of food as they knew they might and they were still quite far from land when the last of the survivors were finally picked up by two passing ships less than half of the men were left alive and some of them had resorted to their own form of cannibalism
海呆两月 食物预料中消耗殆 然离陆远 幸存者终船救起时 半活着 实际中变成食族
herman melville who used this story as research for moby dick wrote years later and from dry land quote all the sufferings of these miserable men of the essex might in all human probability have been avoided had they immediately after leaving the wreck steered straight for tahiti
赫尔曼·梅尔维尔(herman melville)事作 白鲸记素材数年写： essex船遇难者悲惨结局 许通努力避免 果机立断离开沉船 直奔塔西提群岛
but as melville put it they dreaded cannibals so the question is why did these men dread cannibals so much more than the extreme likelihood of starvation
梅尔维尔说道：害怕食族 问题什食族恐惧 超更饥饿威胁呢
why were they swayed by one story so much more than the other looked at from this angle theirs becomes a story about reading the novelist vladimir nabokov said that the best reader has a combination of two very different temperaments the artistic and the scientific
什会事 影响呢 角度 关解读事 说家弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫(vladimir nabokov)说 读者两种截然性格结合起 艺术气质科学精神
a good reader has an artist＇s passion a willingness to get caught up in the story but just as importantly the readers also needs the coolness of judgment of a scientist which acts to temper and complicate the reader＇s intuitive reactions to the story as we＇ve seen the men of the essex had no trouble with the artistic part
读者艺术家热情 愿意融入事中 样重读者 科学家冷静判断 帮助稳定情绪分析 事直觉反应 出essex艺术部分点问题没
they dreamed up a variety of horrifying scenarios the problem was that they listened to the wrong story of all the narratives their fears wrote they responded only to the most lurid the most vivid the one that was easiest for their imaginations to picture cannibals
梦想系列恐怖场景 问题听错误事 恐惧中 中耸听闻生动事 想象中早出现场景： 食族
but perhaps if they＇d been able to read their fears more like a scientist with more coolness of judgment they would have listened instead to the less violent but the more likely tale the story of starvation and headed for tahiti just as melville＇s sad commentary suggests
许果科学家样 稍微冷静点解读事 果听太惊悚更发生 半路饿死事会直奔塔西提群岛 梅尔维尔充满惋惜评建议样
and maybe if we all tried to read our fears we too would be less often swayed by the most salacious among them
许果试着解读恐惧 少 中幻象迷惑
maybe then we＇d spend less time worrying about serial killers and plane crashes and more time concerned with the subtler and slower disasters we face the silent buildup of plaque in our arteries the gradual changes in our climate
少花点时间 系列杀手者飞机失事方面担忧 更关心悄然 灾难： 动脉血板逐渐堆积 气候逐渐变迁
just as the most nuanced stories in literature are often the richest so too might our subtlest fears be the truest read in the right way our fears are an amazing gift of the imagination a kind of everyday clairvoyance a way of glimpsing what might be the future when there＇s still time to influence how that future will play out
文学中精妙事通常丰富事 细微恐惧真实恐惧 正确方法解读恐惧想象力 赐礼物双慧眼 窥未 甚影响未
properly read our fears can offer us something as precious as our favorite works of literature a little wisdom a bit of insight and a version of that most elusive thing the truth thank you
果正确解读恐惧 喜欢文学作品样珍贵东西： 点点智慧点点洞悉 玄妙东西—— 真相诠释 谢谢
(applause)
(掌声)
TED英文演讲稿：性格力量
ted英文演讲稿（3） | 返回目录
when i was nine years old i went off to summer camp for the first time and my mother packed me a suitcase full of books which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do because in my family reading was the primary group activity and this might sound antisocial to you but for us it was really just a different way of being social you have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind and i had this idea that camp was going to be just like this but better (laughter) i had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns
(laughter)
camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol and on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit and it went like this rowdie that＇s the way we spell rowdie rowdie rowdie let＇s get rowdie yeah so i couldn＇t figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy or why we had to spell this word incorrectly (laughter) but i recited a cheer i recited a cheer along with everybody else i did my best and i just waited for the time that i could go off and read my books
but the first time that i took my book out of my suitcase the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me why are you being so mellow mellow of course being the exact opposite of rowdie and then the second time i tried it the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing
and so i put my books away back in their suitcase and i put them under my bed and there they stayed for the rest of the summer and i felt kind of guilty about this i felt as if the books needed me somehow and they were calling out to me and i was forsaking them but i did forsake them and i didn＇t open that suitcase again until i was back home with my family at the end of the summer
now i tell you this story about summer camp i could have told you 50 others just like it all the times that i got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being was not necessarily the right way to go that i should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert and i always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were but for years i denied this intuition and so i became a wall street lawyer of all things instead of the writer that i had always longed to be partly because i needed to prove to myself that i could be bold and assertive too and i was always going off to crowded bars when i really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends and i made these selfnegating choices so reflexively that i wasn＇t even aware that i was making them
now this is what many introverts do and it＇s our loss for sure but it is also our colleagues＇ loss and our communities＇ loss and at the risk of sounding grandiose it is the world＇s loss because when it comes to creativity and to leadership we need introverts doing what they do best a third to a half of the population are introverts a third to a half so that＇s one out of every two or three people you know so even if you＇re an extrovert yourself i＇m talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your children and the person sitting next to you right now all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society we all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we＇re doing
now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is it＇s different from being shy shyness is about fear of social judgment introversion is more about how do you respond to stimulation including social stimulation so extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switchedon and their most capable when they＇re in quieter more lowkey environments not all the time these things aren＇t absolute but a lot of the time so the key then to maximizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us
but now here＇s where the bias comes in our most important institutions our schools and our workplaces they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts＇ need for lots of stimulation and also we have this belief system right now that i call the new groupthink which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place
so if you picture the typical classroom nowadays when i was going to school we sat in rows we sat in rows of desks like this and we did most of our work pretty autonomously but nowadays your typical classroom has pods of desks four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other and kids are working in countless group assignments even in subjects like math and creative writing which you think would depend on solo flights of thought kids are now expected to act as committee members and for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone those kids are seen as outliers often or worse as problem cases and the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert as opposed to an introvert even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable according to research (laughter)
okay same thing is true in our workplaces now most of us work in open plan offices without walls where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers and when it comes to leadership introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions even though introverts tend to be very careful much less likely to take outsize risks which is something we might all favor nowadays and interesting research by adam grant at the wharton school has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do because when they are managing proactive employees they＇re much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas whereas an extrovert can quite unwittingly get so excited about things that they＇re putting their own stamp on things and other people＇s ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface
now in fact some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts i＇ll give you some examples eleanor roosevelt rosa parks gandhi all these peopled described themselves as quiet and softspoken and even shy and they all took the spotlight even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to and this turns out to have a special power all its own because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at they were there because they had no choice because they were driven to do what they thought was right
now i think at this point it＇s important for me to say that i actually love extroverts i always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts including my beloved husband and we all fall at different points of course along the introvertextrovert spectrum even carl jung the psychologist who first popularized these terms said that there＇s no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure extrovert he said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum if he existed at all and some people fall smack in the middle of the introvertextrovert spectrum and we call these people ambiverts and i often think that they have the best of all worlds but many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other
and what i＇m saying is that culturally we need a much better balance we need more of a yin and yang between these two types this is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people what they find are people who are very good at exchanging ideas and advancing ideas but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them
and this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity so darwin he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations theodor geisel better known as dr seuss he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in la jolla california and he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly santa clauslike figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona steve wozniak invented the first apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in hewlettpackard where he was working at the time and he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up
now of course this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating and case in point is steve wozniak famously coming together with steve jobs to start apple computer but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe and in fact we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude it＇s only recently that we＇ve strangely begun to forget it if you look at most of the world＇s major religions you will find seekers moses jesus buddha muhammad seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community so no wilderness no revelations
this is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology it turns out that we can＇t even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring mimicking their opinions even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you＇re attracted to you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that＇s what you＇re doing
and groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room even though there＇s zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas i mean zero so (laughter) you might be following the person with the best ideas but you might not and do you really want to leave it up to chance much better for everybody to go off by themselves generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics and then come together as a team to talk them through in a wellmanaged environment and take it from there
now if all this is true then why are we getting it so wrong why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces and why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time one answer lies deep in our cultural history western societies and in particular the us have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and man of contemplation but in america＇s early days we lived in what historians call a culture of character where we still at that point valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude and if you look at the selfhelp books from this era they all had titles with things like character the grandest thing in the world and they featured role models like abraham lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming ralph waldo emerson called him a man who does not offend by superiority
but then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality what happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business and so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities and instead of working alongside people they＇ve known all their lives now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers so quite understandably qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important and sure enough the selfhelp books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like how to win friends and influence people and they feature as their role models really great salesmen so that＇s the world we＇re living in today that＇s our cultural inheritance
now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant and i＇m also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all the same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust and the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so complex that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together but i am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems
so now i＇d like to share with you what＇s in my suitcase today guess what books i have a suitcase full of books here＇s margaret atwood cat＇s eye here＇s a novel by milan kundera and here＇s the guide for the perplexed by maimonides but these are not exactly my books i brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather＇s favorite authors
my grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when i was growing up partly because it was filled with his very gentle very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books i mean literally every table every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books just like the rest of my family my grandfather＇s favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read
but he also loved his congregation and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi he would takes the fruits of each week＇s reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought and people would come from all over to hear him speak
but here＇s the thing about my grandfather underneath this ceremonial role he was really modest and really introverted so much so that when he delivered these sermons he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years and even away from the podium when you called him to say hello he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time but when he died at the age of 94 the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him and so these days i try to learn from my grandfather＇s example in my own way
so i just published a book about introversion and it took me about seven years to write and for me that seven years was like total bliss because i was reading i was writing i was thinking i was researching it was my version of my grandfather＇s hours of the day alone in his library but now all of a sudden my job is very different and my job is to be out here talking about it talking about introversion (laughter) and that＇s a lot harder for me because as honored as i am to be here with all of you right now this is not my natural milieu
so i prepared for moments like these as best i could i spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance i could get and i call this my year of speaking dangerously (laughter) and that actually helped a lot but i＇ll tell you what helps even more is my sense my belief my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change i mean we are and so i am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision
number one stop the madness for constant group work just stop it (laughter) thank you (applause) and i want to be clear about what i＇m saying because i deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual chatty cafestyle types of interactions you know the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas that is great it＇s great for introverts and it＇s great for extroverts but we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work school same thing we need to be teaching kids to work together for sure but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own this is especially important for extroverted children too they need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part
okay number two go to the wilderness be like buddha have your own revelations i＇m not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again but i am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often
number three take a good look at what＇s inside your own suitcase and why you put it there so extroverts maybe your suitcases are also full of books or maybe they＇re full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment whatever it is i hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy but introverts you being you you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what＇s inside your own suitcase and that＇s okay but occasionally just occasionally i hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry
so i wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly
thank you very much
(applause)
thank you thank you
TED英文演讲稿：Why you will fail to have a great career
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