名词谓致介词代词
名 词
点点拨
数名词复数构成规
1规变化加s es 辅音字母加y结尾y加iesf fe变成ves
(1)keys three Henrys stomachs safes beliefs proofs roofs gulfs chiefs heroes potatoes tomatoes Negroes dingoes A
(2) 缩写数字字母等面加s’s some VIPs (VIP’s) in his 50s 50’s in the 1990s 1990’s There are two t’s in the word letter
2规变化
(1) men children feet teeth geese mice oxen等
(2) 单复数形式相sheep deer fish means works(工厂) Chinese Japanese Swiss (teas fruits fishes metals等表示种类)
(3)复数形式trousers glasses(眼镜)remains(遗体物)clothes ashes contents(目录) goods customs(海关) arms(武器)
(4)复合名词复数形式 shoe shops lookerson grownups passersby daughtersinlaw
(5)表示某国复数形式A单复样Chinese Japanese) B man变成men Englishmen Frenchmen C加s (包括Germans)
数名词
1量表示：some a little much等表示数量词（组）单位名词（量词）较piece article bottle head loaf bar等：a piece of advice bread news information equipment chalk cloth clothing music work furniture paper wood baggage a loaf of bread a bar of chocolate two head of cattle
2数名词具体化： These games are great successes The party was a great success
二 名词格：
1表示生命名词加’s 样东西名词加’s Jack and Tom’s room(两房间) Jack’s and Tom’s rooms（两房间）表示生命名词格of表示：the windows of the room
(表示时间距离国家城市团体机构等生命名词加’s China’s industry today’s paper ten minutes’ walk)
2表示某家里某店铺等名词格省略修饰名词：at my aunt’s (house) at the doctor’s (office) go to the chemist’s (shop)
3双重格：a an this that these those some any a few no every several such another which 等+名词+of +…’s 名词性物代词（表示部分概念表示某种感情色彩：赞赏讨厌等）
较：
a friend of her mother’s母亲朋友（强调母亲朋友中位双重格）
a friend of her mother母亲朋友（强调两间关系of格）
a picture of his brother’s(弟弟拥片中张片定)
a picture of his brother（弟弟张片片）
三 名词作定语修饰名词：前名词表示名词特点性质途
(1)般前面名词单数形式复数加面体名词：shoe shop(s) story book(s) coffee cup(s) physics teacher(s) 名词修饰外名词复数形式：sales manager sports meet man woman名词构成复合名词两者变复数：men women doctors
(2)较名词作定语形容词作定语意义：
a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 装灰尘袋子 a dusty bag布满灰尘袋子 a chemical change化学变化(具化学性质变化) a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)化学老师
a gold watch 金表(表材质) a golden watch金黄色表
五英语中表达
修饰数名词quite a few a great many (of) many a (large small) number of
修饰数名词 a great deal of a great amount of ( great amounts of)
修饰数修饰数名词plenty of a lot of ( lots of ) a (large) quantity of large quantities of
击破
1No regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to stick to the _____of his advertisement
A standard B level C message D promise
2What do you think of his composition
Much better but there’s still some ______for improvement
A space B room C area D place
3 Sometimes doctors make higher ______ for their work than they should
A bills B charges C costs D prices
4 The ______of a big snake made her frightened so she sat there still
A sight B look C view D scene
5No ______ she fell ill considering that she had been overworking for years
A problem B way C wonder D matter
6 How is it that you lost your way
When I came to the crossroads I went the wrong ________
A way B direction C distance D path
7 Little Tom asked me for small _________ for his _________piece so I gave him ________
A change ten pennies ten pence B changes ten pennies ten pence
C change ten pence ten pennies D changes ten pence ten pennies
8 Will you please tell me _______you are talking about
A which Zhang Yimou’s film B which film of Zhang Yimou
C which film of Zhang Yimou’s D zhang Yimou’s which film
9 The baby broke a _______which is made of _____just now
A tea cup glass B cup of tea glass C tea’s cup glasses D tea cup glasses
10 Look Mother has just bought three _______ and _______
A fruit lots of vegetables B fruits a number of vegetables
C fruit a great many of the vegetables D fruits a great amount of vegetables
11 If you get the job you’ll have to make business ______every now and then
A journeys B trips C travels D voyages
12 I listened to his lecture about biology but I missed the key ______
A messages B sense C notes D points
13 He is always full of ______as though he never knew tiredness
A strength B force C power D energy
14There has been a great _______ in the number of cars in our city in the past five years
A increase B improvement C result D effect
15 I don’t think it’s my ______ that the TV doesn’t work I just turned it off
A mistake B fault C duty D error
16 What’s the ______ of this pair of shoes
500 yuan
Oh it’s really too expensive
But it’s comfortable so I think it’s good _______ for money
A cost value B price value C price cost D cost price
17 How did you like the ________of the interpreter(口译员)at the conference on TV
A performance B achievement C material D words
18She is not in good _______for such heavy work
A state B condition C position D situation
19It’s bad _______ for a man to smoke in public places where smoking is not allowed
A manners B action C movement D manner
20 Johnson is an honest businessman Our company and his has had a lot of _______ in the past few years
A agreements B sales C deals D bargains
谓致
点点拨
英语句子中谓语动词数必须语称数取致做谓致解决谓致遵循三原：语法致原意义致原致原
1：either neither each one the other another anybody anyone anything somebody someone something everything everybody everyone no one nothing nobody 做语时谓语般单数
Neither of the two sentences is correct
Everything around us is matter
(注意：none neither all any作语时谓语单数复数具体取决说话意思)
None of them ownsown a car
Neither of the boys are is interested in geography
All are here And all that can be done has been done
2 ：表示时间距离金额重量面积体积容积等度量名词做语时谓语单数
Five minutes is enough
Four hundred francs is a lot of money
3：each …and each …every …and every no …and no many a …and many a …等结构强调体行谓语动词单数
Each boy and each girl has got a new EnglishChinese dictionary
No sound and no voice is heard for a long time
4：句定式动名词短语作语时谓语动词单数形式
To say something is one thing to do it is another （to say something to do 定式）
How do you do is not a question but a greeting （How do you do 句子作语）
(注意：what 引导语句时应注意指具体容确定谓语单复数)
What we need is more time while what they need are more doctors and medicines
5：one and a half 面带名词复数谓语动词常单数
One and half bananas is left on the table
6：and 连接两名词表示单概念时谓语动词单数
The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad next month
Bread and butter is my usual breakfast
7 ：名词呈复数形式表示复数概念
The news is disappointing that a chemical works is to be built in the west of the city
8：名词and both …and 连接语时谓语动词复数形式
Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop
9：people public police cattle 做语时谓语动词惯复数
The police have caught the murderer And people are talking about the news
考点10：表示成双成套名词作语时谓语动词复数
Your trousers are too long but these shoes fit you quite well
a pair of 连接时谓语动词单数
A pair of gloves is a nice present for her
11 数名词作语前面表示数量复数名词修饰时谓语动词复数
Three million tons of oil are exploited every year in the oil field
12 or either or neither nor not only but also not but there be 等结构中采取原谓语动词单数复数取决语单复数
Either the teacher or the students are to blame
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film
考点13 列结构引起附加成分谓语动词形式应受附加成分影响前面语取致 as well as rather than like except besides with along with including such as
No one but Jack and Mary knows about it
I as well as they am ready to help you
考点14：some of plenty of a lot of most of the rest of all(of ) half (of )分数百分+of +名词做语时名词单复数准
A lot of students are waiting outside And lots of the time has been wasted
More than 70 of the earth’s surface is covered by water
Ten percent of the apples are bad
The rest of the story needs no telling
He stayed at home and the rest of the boys were out at play
15：a kind of this kind of many kinds of 名词+ of this kind 等kind 意思相type sort 等构成类似短语做语时谓语动词of 前名词取致
This kind of apple sells well in China
Apples of this kind are highly priced
16：more than 开头句子面名词
More than one answer is written on the blackboard
More than two hundred soldiers were killed in the battle
17 定语句中谓语动词形式先行词致one of +复数名词+who that which 引导定语句谓语动词形式one 前面否the (only )等修饰语单数复数
This is one of the best books that have appeared this year
She is the only one of those women who doesn’t know a thing about knitting(编织)
18 population company class team family group nation world government 等词做语时果强调整体谓语动词单数果强调组成成员谓语动词复数
Our family has a reunion every year
His family are waiting for him
19 ：the +形容词表示类谓语动词复数指单数单数谓语动词
The rich are for the plan but the poor are against it
The true is to be distinguished from the false
真实应假相区(the true the false表单数概念)
20：a number of + 复数名词 结构应复数动词the number of + 复数名词 结构应单数动词：
A number of people were killed and injured in the explosion
The number of people who were killed in the tsunami(海啸) has grown to 160000
击破
1——Have you heard that Tian Liang along with his parents _______ to Canada
——Really No wonder I haven’t seen him these days
A has been B has gone C have been D have gone
2Over threequarter of the city _______ destroyed in the Iraq War
A is B are C were D was
3This kind of stories ________ instructive while stories of that kind ________ harmful to children
A is seems B are seem C is seem D are seems
4Everybody in our hometown men and women young and old ________ sports and games
A are fond of B joins C enjoys D go in for
5The Whites’ family which _______ rather a large one ________ very fond of their house
A were were B was were C were was D was was
6Not his son but his two daughters ________ to Canada never to be seen again
A has gone B have gone C has been D have been
7When the injured _______ to the hospital they came to ________
A was rushed life B were rushed life C rushed lives D were rushed lives
8Despite much research there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that _______ not fully understood
A are B were C is D was
9 _________ visitors to Hong Kong were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the people were
A The number of B A numbers of C Numbers of D Any numbers of
10 Though small the ant is as much as a creature as _________ all other animals on earth
A are B is C do D have
11 Between the two rows of trees _______ the teaching building
A have B has C stands D are
12Every possible means _________ tried but without much result
A have been B had C has D has been
13The rest of the story ________ no telling Half of the students _______ no interest in it
A need has B needs have C needs has D need have
14 John and Mary ___ sure to come to our party this evening
A be B are C is D to be
15 This is the only one of the books on the subject ________ ever been written in English
A that has B which have C that have D which is
16Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who ____ to visit the museum____ asked to be at the school gate before 630 in the morning
A are are B is is C are is D is are
17 A great many people_______ present at the meeting But many a man ________ late for the meeting because of the traffic jam
A are are B is is C were was D was are
18 He is the only one of the children who often ________ ill of others behind their backs
A have spoken B were speaking C speaks D speak
19 It’s I who ________ the Christmas gift to you
A has sent B have sent C is going to fetch D are going to fetch
20 What were your problems a year ago _______ mine now
A has become B have become C becomes D became
介 词
点点拨
复时握三点：
A 注意理解情景意义：介词表达种意义场合意义介词
He hasn’t come for a month (for 持续时间)
The day is warm for April （for ……言）
B 突破关键介词in on at with by from of to for
1 表示时间：at in on since from to after within during throughout towards over by till
2 表示穿越through across over
3．表示理位置：in on to
4． 表示原目：for with from
5 表示关about concerning regarding with regard to as for as to
6 表示根：on according to
7 in the corner on the corner at the corner 区
8．between among
9．besides except but except for
10．in with
C 注意介词搭配集中纳反复练
1 固定to 构成搭配名词：key answer visit apology introduction note etc
2 on 关：mercy congratulations
3 at关：angry good bad clever terrified surprised
4 of 关：afraid sure full tired fond proud worthy certain
5 with 关：angry strict careful busy poplar
6 to 关：next good polite kind cruel rude known anxious married close near similar due
7 for 关：sorry good free fit unfit eager anxious hungry
8 from 关：far different free safe absent tired
击破
1What do you want _______ those old boxes
To put things in when I move to the new flat
A by B for C of D with
2Luckily the bullet narrowly missed the captain ________ an inch
A by B at C to D from
3The train leaves at 600pm so I have to be at the station _______ 530 pm
A until B after C by D around
4The little boy was quite alone in the world ________ an aunt in the United States
A except for B except C besides D except that
5________ his great surprise his shop was robbed ________ computers
A To of B For of C From with D To with
6We offered him our congratulations _________ his passing the driving test
A at B for C of D on
7 Einstein’s special theory of relativity is quite _______ me
A for B beyond C to D against
8 How much did you pay ________ the tickets ________ tonight’s New Year Concert
A for for B for to C for of D to for
9 He has been caught ________ the rain and is wet ________ skin
A by to B in to C in through D with in
10 How long have you been like this
_______ last Friday
A From B Since C In D After
11 Besides being able to walk on for three days without drinking camels can also live for a long time ________ small quantities of food
A with B on C by D without
12 I’m sorry it’s ________ my power to make a final decision on the project
A over B above C off D beyond
13 Did you lose the match
Yes we lost the match _______ one goal
A by B at C with D only
14 The study you have been making ________ the living things in the ocean is an instructive job
A to B for C of D from
15 I felt it rather difficult to take a stand ________ the opinion of the majority
A to B by C in D against
16 Your daughter is tall enough ________ her age
Yes I was much ________ when I was her age
A for taller B at taller C at shorter D for shorter
17When will the game begin
It will begin later than usual _______ ten minutes
A in B on C by D at
18Is your grandma still with you
No She still prefers to live in the countryside _________ all its disadvantages
A for B except C with D to
19 Let’s keep in touch You can reach me ________ this number
A at B on C from D in
20Miss Li Jack is ill so he can’t come to school
Then we’ll begin our class _________ him
A except for B apart from C except D without
21It’s so noisy upstairs Peter better go and see what they have been up ________
OK
A to B in C with D for
22What’s your favorite sport Jogging I run _________ the river every morning
A around B on C along D in
23 _________ running learning English needs will
A As with B As to C As for D As if
24 ________ left before the deadline it doesn’t seem likely that he will finish the job
A Though such a short time B Because such a short time
C With such a short time D As such a short time
25He reminded me _______ the time _______ the meeting
A at at B of of C in in D at in
26The sun will rise ________ about a quarter of an hour
A on B in C after D at
27Liu Xiang’s parents were overjoyed and burst ______ tears _______ the news of their son’s victory in the Olympic Games
A into at B out for C forth on D to after
28Hellen used to be a shy girl but she has grown _______ it now
A without B over C away D out of
29This is the Audi car __________ she came here
A by which B by that C in which D with which
30 My house is ________ a stone’s throw from school so I often go to school _______ foot
A within on B to by C on on D of with
31 We went on a picnic ________ the heavy rain
A although B in spite of C because of D for
32 Can I borrow some money from you
You’re already in debt _________ me for sixty dollars
A to B for C from D by
33His best known work that is ________ all praise can be seen in the museum
A without B beyond C with D within
34He likes his coffee with sugar I like mine ________
A not B of no C none D without
35 Without a thorough grasp ________biology a student cannot hope to study medicine
A in B for C of D with
36We decided to climb the mountain but _______ second thought realized that it was too dangerous
A after B on C in D at
37_________ success I don’t mean what is usually thought of when that word is used
A In B By C With D For
38Mr Smith apologized _________ the children ________ the lady ________ what they had done
A for to to B for to for C to to for D to for for
39We live _______ a small river that flows ________ the Thames
A in into B on into C at onto D in onto
40________ curiosity I went to the customer service counter and asked why
A Beyond B Besides C Apart from D Out of
41 Mr Johnson goes to work very early in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _________ a break at midday
A with B for C as D through
42The manned spacecraft Shenzhou V________ China greets the 21st century marks new progress in the century’s space program
A for which B from which C in which D with which
43 He might have been killed ________ the arrival of the police
A except for B apart from C but for D in spite of
44 Isn’t _________ rude ______ him to talk to his mother like that
A that for B that of C it for D it of
45Theory is based on practice and ______ turn serves practice
A on B in C by D at
代 词
点点拨
1定语句中先行词代词he she those anyone等时句引导词指时
who 指物时that
eg Those who know the answer can go on with the other exercises
He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man
Anything that benefits the people will be accepted
2all ( both every each)…… not not all ( both every each) 构成部分否定全部否定分：none neither no one ( nothing)
eg Not all the students could understand his explanation
Each child can not go to school in the mountain village
3 含else格种表示法：somebody else’s anybody else’s nobody else’s who else’s whose else
4定代词作语代词：it（指物） he（指） they（指物）
eg Everyone knows how to do it doesn’t he don’t they
4 all 作语时数：代数名词复数代数名词单数作…切解释时数动词单数
5 身代词：by oneself 亲独动 of oneself 动 be oneself 身体 help oneself (to…) 助…… in itself 质身言
eg The man is too old to live by himself The door closed of itself
I’m not quite myself today The question in itself is not very difficult
6 称代词简略回答时称代词宾格
eg Who is knocking at the door Me Tom
Me to play Pingpong with him
7 The restThe remainder作语时谓语动词取决代名词
eg I have read half of the book The rest is to be finished in a week
Several people were saved but the remainder were still inside the burning house
区组词：
1none nothing no one(nobody)
none：（指三中）没（物）常否定回答How many How much…
引起疑问句接介词短语of…作语时谓语动词单数复数
eg How many sheep did you see on the hill None
Please give me some ink Sorry there is none(no ink) left
None of the students could answer the question which made the teacher disappointed
nothing：（视单数）没什事
eg After the fire nothing was left on the hills
Nothing did he say and he went home silently
no one nobody：没指单数常否定回答Who…疑问句面接of介词短语
eg Who broke the window No one It broke of itself
2it they one ones the one the ones that those
it they：指前面提名词身起代作避免重复
eg He bought a pen It cost him 50 yuan He has two brothers They are both workers
one ones：指前面提数名词中泛指 泛指
eg Do you have a camera No but my father has one
A chair made of iron is usually heavier than one made of wood
One can not be too careful when crossing the road
the one the ones：特指前面提数名词中
eg I’m looking for a pen How do you like the one in the box
Who are the boys You mean the ones playing basketball
that those： that 代前面出现数名词单数 the one数名词避免重复those 代前面出现数名词复数 the ones避免重复
eg The price of a pen is often higher than that of a pencil
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai
The students in Class Two are more hardworking than those(the ones) in Class One
3some any everybody anybody
惯someeverybody肯定句any anybody疑问否定句
some疑问句时表示涉名词持肯定态度everybody疑问句时译家 eg Is everybody pleased with the show
试较：Do you have any water (water持怀疑态度)
Do you like some more water No thanks (water持肯定态度)
anyanybody肯定句肯定句时强强调口气
eg When shall we meet again Any time you like
Anybody here knows how to treat a stranger
4 who whoever what whatever which whichever whom whomever
who what which whom疑问词引起句子具疑问色彩whoever whatever whichever whomever 代词引起疑问句引导名词性句步状语句
eg Who will teach us English is still unknown
Whoever did it will be punished Whoever did it he will be punished
What would you do if you had that sum of money Whatever you do do it well
5other others the other the others another
other：作代词时般单独必须any some no 等连
eg He is no other but Tom These are all we have we have no other(s)
others：常some连表示：…………
eg Some people like fishing some like boating others skating
the other one连构成词组：one…the other：指两者中…………
the others 指定范围中余
eg In our class some students are good at maths some are good at Chinese the others are good at physics
another 形容词般作定语修饰单数名词修饰复数名词修饰数词
eg We stayed in New York for another three weeks Please have another apple
another修饰单数名词时文意思明确情况名词省略时another起代词作
eg After eating an apple I had another (one)
6all both each every either
all：指三者三者作形容词修饰名词复数作代词作语宾语位语接of介词短语
both：指两者作形容词修饰名词复数作代词作语宾语位语接of介词短语
each：般指两者中指许中作形容词修饰名词单数作代词作语宾语位语接of介词短语
eg There are trees on each side both sides of the river
Each of us has a chance to go to university
We each have a dictionary
every：指三者三者中形容词作定语面接of介词短语
either：指两者中两者中作形容词修饰名词单数作代词作语宾语接of介词短语
eg If you keep still you can sit on either end of the boat
I don’t like either of them Do you have any other blouse
击破
1 Do you want tea or coffee
_____ I really don’t mind
A Both B None C Either D Neither
2 I read about it in some book or other does it matter ______ it was
A where B what C how D which
3 You’re always working Come on let’s go shopping
_______ you ever want to do is going shopping
A Anything B Something C All D That
4 The boss decided to dismiss two workers ________
A you and Tom B I and you C Mary and I D she and you
5 I don’t care for ______ of the hats Would you show me a third one
A all B none C either D both
6 I now do not accept ______ that is offered to me I only choose those useful
A anything B any C whatever D everything
7 A school is an exciting place ____ in which new talents are being discovered every day
A and B that C there D one
8 How much vinegar did you put in the salad
I’m sorry to say _______ I forgot
A no B nothing C no one D none
9 Is this umbrella yours
No mine is here It must be ________
A someone’s B someone’s else C someone else’s D someone’s else’s
10Our feelings were ___________
A the same as they B same as theirs C same as they D the same as theirs
11 You can reach the town ______ road you take
A whatever B what C whichever D which
12 ______ who wish to go swimming may sign up here
A Any person B Those C Anyone D These
13 Now that the new machines have been bought _____ will you do with the old _____
A how ones B how one C what one D what ones
14 The thieves ran away separately _____ carrying a bag
A all B each C every D either
15 Did anybody ask for me during my absence
Yes ______ called Black asked to see you
A he B it C one D that
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名 词
点点拨
数名词复数构成规
1规变化加s es 辅音字母加y结尾y加iesf fe变成ves
(1)keys three Henrys stomachs safes beliefs proofs roofs gulfs chiefs heroes potatoes tomatoes Negroes dingoes A
(2) 缩写数字字母等面加s’s some VIPs (VIP’s) in his 50s 50’s in the 1990s 1990’s There are two t’s in the word letter
2规变化
(1) men children feet teeth geese mice oxen等
(2) 单复数形式相sheep deer fish means works(工厂) Chinese Japanese Swiss (teas fruits fishes metals等表示种类)
(3)复数形式trousers glasses(眼镜)remains(遗体物)clothes ashes contents(目录) goods customs(海关) arms(武器)
(4)复合名词复数形式 shoe shops lookerson grownups passersby daughtersinlaw
(5)表示某国复数形式A单复样Chinese Japanese) B man变成men Englishmen Frenchmen C加s (包括Germans)
数名词
1量表示：some a little much等表示数量词（组）单位名词（量词）较piece article bottle head loaf bar等：a piece of advice bread news information equipment chalk cloth clothing music work furniture paper wood baggage a loaf of bread a bar of chocolate two head of cattle
2数名词具体化： These games are great successes The party was a great success
二 名词格：
1表示生命名词加’s 样东西名词加’s Jack and Tom’s room(两房间) Jack’s and Tom’s rooms（两房间）表示生命名词格of表示：the windows of the room
(表示时间距离国家城市团体机构等生命名词加’s China’s industry today’s paper ten minutes’ walk)
2表示某家里某店铺等名词格省略修饰名词：at my aunt’s (house) at the doctor’s (office) go to the chemist’s (shop)
3双重格：a an this that these those some any a few no every several such another which 等+名词+of +…’s 名词性物代词（表示部分概念表示某种感情色彩：赞赏讨厌等）
较：
a friend of her mother’s母亲朋友（强调母亲朋友中位双重格）
a friend of her mother母亲朋友（强调两间关系of格）
a picture of his brother’s(弟弟拥片中张片定)
a picture of his brother（弟弟张片片）
三 名词作定语修饰名词：前名词表示名词特点性质途
(1)般前面名词单数形式复数加面体名词：shoe shop(s) story book(s) coffee cup(s) physics teacher(s) 名词修饰外名词复数形式：sales manager sports meet man woman名词构成复合名词两者变复数：men women doctors
(2)较名词作定语形容词作定语意义：
a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 装灰尘袋子 a dusty bag布满灰尘袋子 a chemical change化学变化(具化学性质变化) a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)化学老师
a gold watch 金表(表材质) a golden watch金黄色表
五英语中表达
修饰数名词quite a few a great many (of) many a (large small) number of
修饰数名词 a great deal of a great amount of ( great amounts of)
修饰数修饰数名词plenty of a lot of ( lots of ) a (large) quantity of large quantities of
击破
1No regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to stick to the _____of his advertisement
A standard B level C message D promise
2What do you think of his composition
Much better but there’s still some ______for improvement
A space B room C area D place
3 Sometimes doctors make higher ______ for their work than they should
A bills B charges C costs D prices
4 The ______of a big snake made her frightened so she sat there still
A sight B look C view D scene
5No ______ she fell ill considering that she had been overworking for years
A problem B way C wonder D matter
6 How is it that you lost your way
When I came to the crossroads I went the wrong ________
A way B direction C distance D path
7 Little Tom asked me for small _________ for his _________piece so I gave him ________
A change ten pennies ten pence B changes ten pennies ten pence
C change ten pence ten pennies D changes ten pence ten pennies
8 Will you please tell me _______you are talking about
A which Zhang Yimou’s film B which film of Zhang Yimou
C which film of Zhang Yimou’s D zhang Yimou’s which film
9 The baby broke a _______which is made of _____just now
A tea cup glass B cup of tea glass C tea’s cup glasses D tea cup glasses
10 Look Mother has just bought three _______ and _______
A fruit lots of vegetables B fruits a number of vegetables
C fruit a great many of the vegetables D fruits a great amount of vegetables
11 If you get the job you’ll have to make business ______every now and then
A journeys B trips C travels D voyages
12 I listened to his lecture about biology but I missed the key ______
A messages B sense C notes D points
13 He is always full of ______as though he never knew tiredness
A strength B force C power D energy
14There has been a great _______ in the number of cars in our city in the past five years
A increase B improvement C result D effect
15 I don’t think it’s my ______ that the TV doesn’t work I just turned it off
A mistake B fault C duty D error
16 What’s the ______ of this pair of shoes
500 yuan
Oh it’s really too expensive
But it’s comfortable so I think it’s good _______ for money
A cost value B price value C price cost D cost price
17 How did you like the ________of the interpreter(口译员)at the conference on TV
A performance B achievement C material D words
18She is not in good _______for such heavy work
A state B condition C position D situation
19It’s bad _______ for a man to smoke in public places where smoking is not allowed
A manners B action C movement D manner
20 Johnson is an honest businessman Our company and his has had a lot of _______ in the past few years
A agreements B sales C deals D bargains
谓致
点点拨
英语句子中谓语动词数必须语称数取致做谓致解决谓致遵循三原：语法致原意义致原致原
1：either neither each one the other another anybody anyone anything somebody someone something everything everybody everyone no one nothing nobody 做语时谓语般单数
Neither of the two sentences is correct
Everything around us is matter
(注意：none neither all any作语时谓语单数复数具体取决说话意思)
None of them ownsown a car
Neither of the boys are is interested in geography
All are here And all that can be done has been done
2 ：表示时间距离金额重量面积体积容积等度量名词做语时谓语单数
Five minutes is enough
Four hundred francs is a lot of money
3：each …and each …every …and every no …and no many a …and many a …等结构强调体行谓语动词单数
Each boy and each girl has got a new EnglishChinese dictionary
No sound and no voice is heard for a long time
4：句定式动名词短语作语时谓语动词单数形式
To say something is one thing to do it is another （to say something to do 定式）
How do you do is not a question but a greeting （How do you do 句子作语）
(注意：what 引导语句时应注意指具体容确定谓语单复数)
What we need is more time while what they need are more doctors and medicines
5：one and a half 面带名词复数谓语动词常单数
One and half bananas is left on the table
6：and 连接两名词表示单概念时谓语动词单数
The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad next month
Bread and butter is my usual breakfast
7 ：名词呈复数形式表示复数概念
The news is disappointing that a chemical works is to be built in the west of the city
8：名词and both …and 连接语时谓语动词复数形式
Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop
9：people public police cattle 做语时谓语动词惯复数
The police have caught the murderer And people are talking about the news
考点10：表示成双成套名词作语时谓语动词复数
Your trousers are too long but these shoes fit you quite well
a pair of 连接时谓语动词单数
A pair of gloves is a nice present for her
11 数名词作语前面表示数量复数名词修饰时谓语动词复数
Three million tons of oil are exploited every year in the oil field
12 or either or neither nor not only but also not but there be 等结构中采取原谓语动词单数复数取决语单复数
Either the teacher or the students are to blame
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film
考点13 列结构引起附加成分谓语动词形式应受附加成分影响前面语取致 as well as rather than like except besides with along with including such as
No one but Jack and Mary knows about it
I as well as they am ready to help you
考点14：some of plenty of a lot of most of the rest of all(of ) half (of )分数百分+of +名词做语时名词单复数准
A lot of students are waiting outside And lots of the time has been wasted
More than 70 of the earth’s surface is covered by water
Ten percent of the apples are bad
The rest of the story needs no telling
He stayed at home and the rest of the boys were out at play
15：a kind of this kind of many kinds of 名词+ of this kind 等kind 意思相type sort 等构成类似短语做语时谓语动词of 前名词取致
This kind of apple sells well in China
Apples of this kind are highly priced
16：more than 开头句子面名词
More than one answer is written on the blackboard
More than two hundred soldiers were killed in the battle
17 定语句中谓语动词形式先行词致one of +复数名词+who that which 引导定语句谓语动词形式one 前面否the (only )等修饰语单数复数
This is one of the best books that have appeared this year
She is the only one of those women who doesn’t know a thing about knitting(编织)
18 population company class team family group nation world government 等词做语时果强调整体谓语动词单数果强调组成成员谓语动词复数
Our family has a reunion every year
His family are waiting for him
19 ：the +形容词表示类谓语动词复数指单数单数谓语动词
The rich are for the plan but the poor are against it
The true is to be distinguished from the false
真实应假相区(the true the false表单数概念)
20：a number of + 复数名词 结构应复数动词the number of + 复数名词 结构应单数动词：
A number of people were killed and injured in the explosion
The number of people who were killed in the tsunami(海啸) has grown to 160000
击破
1——Have you heard that Tian Liang along with his parents _______ to Canada
——Really No wonder I haven’t seen him these days
A has been B has gone C have been D have gone
2Over threequarter of the city _______ destroyed in the Iraq War
A is B are C were D was
3This kind of stories ________ instructive while stories of that kind ________ harmful to children
A is seems B are seem C is seem D are seems
4Everybody in our hometown men and women young and old ________ sports and games
A are fond of B joins C enjoys D go in for
5The Whites’ family which _______ rather a large one ________ very fond of their house
A were were B was were C were was D was was
6Not his son but his two daughters ________ to Canada never to be seen again
A has gone B have gone C has been D have been
7When the injured _______ to the hospital they came to ________
A was rushed life B were rushed life C rushed lives D were rushed lives
8Despite much research there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that _______ not fully understood
A are B were C is D was
9 _________ visitors to Hong Kong were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the people were
A The number of B A numbers of C Numbers of D Any numbers of
10 Though small the ant is as much as a creature as _________ all other animals on earth
A are B is C do D have
11 Between the two rows of trees _______ the teaching building
A have B has C stands D are
12Every possible means _________ tried but without much result
A have been B had C has D has been
13The rest of the story ________ no telling Half of the students _______ no interest in it
A need has B needs have C needs has D need have
14 John and Mary ___ sure to come to our party this evening
A be B are C is D to be
15 This is the only one of the books on the subject ________ ever been written in English
A that has B which have C that have D which is
16Every boy and every girl as well as some teachers who ____ to visit the museum____ asked to be at the school gate before 630 in the morning
A are are B is is C are is D is are
17 A great many people_______ present at the meeting But many a man ________ late for the meeting because of the traffic jam
A are are B is is C were was D was are
18 He is the only one of the children who often ________ ill of others behind their backs
A have spoken B were speaking C speaks D speak
19 It’s I who ________ the Christmas gift to you
A has sent B have sent C is going to fetch D are going to fetch
20 What were your problems a year ago _______ mine now
A has become B have become C becomes D became
介 词
点点拨
复时握三点：
A 注意理解情景意义：介词表达种意义场合意义介词
He hasn’t come for a month (for 持续时间)
The day is warm for April （for ……言）
B 突破关键介词in on at with by from of to for
1 表示时间：at in on since from to after within during throughout towards over by till
2 表示穿越through across over
3．表示理位置：in on to
4． 表示原目：for with from
5 表示关about concerning regarding with regard to as for as to
6 表示根：on according to
7 in the corner on the corner at the corner 区
8．between among
9．besides except but except for
10．in with
C 注意介词搭配集中纳反复练
1 固定to 构成搭配名词：key answer visit apology introduction note etc
2 on 关：mercy congratulations
3 at关：angry good bad clever terrified surprised
4 of 关：afraid sure full tired fond proud worthy certain
5 with 关：angry strict careful busy poplar
6 to 关：next good polite kind cruel rude known anxious married close near similar due
7 for 关：sorry good free fit unfit eager anxious hungry
8 from 关：far different free safe absent tired
击破
1What do you want _______ those old boxes
To put things in when I move to the new flat
A by B for C of D with
2Luckily the bullet narrowly missed the captain ________ an inch
A by B at C to D from
3The train leaves at 600pm so I have to be at the station _______ 530 pm
A until B after C by D around
4The little boy was quite alone in the world ________ an aunt in the United States
A except for B except C besides D except that
5________ his great surprise his shop was robbed ________ computers
A To of B For of C From with D To with
6We offered him our congratulations _________ his passing the driving test
A at B for C of D on
7 Einstein’s special theory of relativity is quite _______ me
A for B beyond C to D against
8 How much did you pay ________ the tickets ________ tonight’s New Year Concert
A for for B for to C for of D to for
9 He has been caught ________ the rain and is wet ________ skin
A by to B in to C in through D with in
10 How long have you been like this
_______ last Friday
A From B Since C In D After
11 Besides being able to walk on for three days without drinking camels can also live for a long time ________ small quantities of food
A with B on C by D without
12 I’m sorry it’s ________ my power to make a final decision on the project
A over B above C off D beyond
13 Did you lose the match
Yes we lost the match _______ one goal
A by B at C with D only
14 The study you have been making ________ the living things in the ocean is an instructive job
A to B for C of D from
15 I felt it rather difficult to take a stand ________ the opinion of the majority
A to B by C in D against
16 Your daughter is tall enough ________ her age
Yes I was much ________ when I was her age
A for taller B at taller C at shorter D for shorter
17When will the game begin
It will begin later than usual _______ ten minutes
A in B on C by D at
18Is your grandma still with you
No She still prefers to live in the countryside _________ all its disadvantages
A for B except C with D to
19 Let’s keep in touch You can reach me ________ this number
A at B on C from D in
20Miss Li Jack is ill so he can’t come to school
Then we’ll begin our class _________ him
A except for B apart from C except D without
21It’s so noisy upstairs Peter better go and see what they have been up ________
OK
A to B in C with D for
22What’s your favorite sport Jogging I run _________ the river every morning
A around B on C along D in
23 _________ running learning English needs will
A As with B As to C As for D As if
24 ________ left before the deadline it doesn’t seem likely that he will finish the job
A Though such a short time B Because such a short time
C With such a short time D As such a short time
25He reminded me _______ the time _______ the meeting
A at at B of of C in in D at in
26The sun will rise ________ about a quarter of an hour
A on B in C after D at
27Liu Xiang’s parents were overjoyed and burst ______ tears _______ the news of their son’s victory in the Olympic Games
A into at B out for C forth on D to after
28Hellen used to be a shy girl but she has grown _______ it now
A without B over C away D out of
29This is the Audi car __________ she came here
A by which B by that C in which D with which
30 My house is ________ a stone’s throw from school so I often go to school _______ foot
A within on B to by C on on D of with
31 We went on a picnic ________ the heavy rain
A although B in spite of C because of D for
32 Can I borrow some money from you
You’re already in debt _________ me for sixty dollars
A to B for C from D by
33His best known work that is ________ all praise can be seen in the museum
A without B beyond C with D within
34He likes his coffee with sugar I like mine ________
A not B of no C none D without
35 Without a thorough grasp ________biology a student cannot hope to study medicine
A in B for C of D with
36We decided to climb the mountain but _______ second thought realized that it was too dangerous
A after B on C in D at
37_________ success I don’t mean what is usually thought of when that word is used
A In B By C With D For
38Mr Smith apologized _________ the children ________ the lady ________ what they had done
A for to to B for to for C to to for D to for for
39We live _______ a small river that flows ________ the Thames
A in into B on into C at onto D in onto
40________ curiosity I went to the customer service counter and asked why
A Beyond B Besides C Apart from D Out of
41 Mr Johnson goes to work very early in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _________ a break at midday
A with B for C as D through
42The manned spacecraft Shenzhou V________ China greets the 21st century marks new progress in the century’s space program
A for which B from which C in which D with which
43 He might have been killed ________ the arrival of the police
A except for B apart from C but for D in spite of
44 Isn’t _________ rude ______ him to talk to his mother like that
A that for B that of C it for D it of
45Theory is based on practice and ______ turn serves practice
A on B in C by D at
代 词
点点拨
1定语句中先行词代词he she those anyone等时句引导词指时
who 指物时that
eg Those who know the answer can go on with the other exercises
He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man
Anything that benefits the people will be accepted
2all ( both every each)…… not not all ( both every each) 构成部分否定全部否定分：none neither no one ( nothing)
eg Not all the students could understand his explanation
Each child can not go to school in the mountain village
3 含else格种表示法：somebody else’s anybody else’s nobody else’s who else’s whose else
4定代词作语代词：it（指物） he（指） they（指物）
eg Everyone knows how to do it doesn’t he don’t they
4 all 作语时数：代数名词复数代数名词单数作…切解释时数动词单数
5 身代词：by oneself 亲独动 of oneself 动 be oneself 身体 help oneself (to…) 助…… in itself 质身言
eg The man is too old to live by himself The door closed of itself
I’m not quite myself today The question in itself is not very difficult
6 称代词简略回答时称代词宾格
eg Who is knocking at the door Me Tom
Me to play Pingpong with him
7 The restThe remainder作语时谓语动词取决代名词
eg I have read half of the book The rest is to be finished in a week
Several people were saved but the remainder were still inside the burning house
区组词：
1none nothing no one(nobody)
none：（指三中）没（物）常否定回答How many How much…
引起疑问句接介词短语of…作语时谓语动词单数复数
eg How many sheep did you see on the hill None
Please give me some ink Sorry there is none(no ink) left
None of the students could answer the question which made the teacher disappointed
nothing：（视单数）没什事
eg After the fire nothing was left on the hills
Nothing did he say and he went home silently
no one nobody：没指单数常否定回答Who…疑问句面接of介词短语
eg Who broke the window No one It broke of itself
2it they one ones the one the ones that those
it they：指前面提名词身起代作避免重复
eg He bought a pen It cost him 50 yuan He has two brothers They are both workers
one ones：指前面提数名词中泛指 泛指
eg Do you have a camera No but my father has one
A chair made of iron is usually heavier than one made of wood
One can not be too careful when crossing the road
the one the ones：特指前面提数名词中
eg I’m looking for a pen How do you like the one in the box
Who are the boys You mean the ones playing basketball
that those： that 代前面出现数名词单数 the one数名词避免重复those 代前面出现数名词复数 the ones避免重复
eg The price of a pen is often higher than that of a pencil
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai
The students in Class Two are more hardworking than those(the ones) in Class One
3some any everybody anybody
惯someeverybody肯定句any anybody疑问否定句
some疑问句时表示涉名词持肯定态度everybody疑问句时译家 eg Is everybody pleased with the show
试较：Do you have any water (water持怀疑态度)
Do you like some more water No thanks (water持肯定态度)
anyanybody肯定句肯定句时强强调口气
eg When shall we meet again Any time you like
Anybody here knows how to treat a stranger
4 who whoever what whatever which whichever whom whomever
who what which whom疑问词引起句子具疑问色彩whoever whatever whichever whomever 代词引起疑问句引导名词性句步状语句
eg Who will teach us English is still unknown
Whoever did it will be punished Whoever did it he will be punished
What would you do if you had that sum of money Whatever you do do it well
5other others the other the others another
other：作代词时般单独必须any some no 等连
eg He is no other but Tom These are all we have we have no other(s)
others：常some连表示：…………
eg Some people like fishing some like boating others skating
the other one连构成词组：one…the other：指两者中…………
the others 指定范围中余
eg In our class some students are good at maths some are good at Chinese the others are good at physics
another 形容词般作定语修饰单数名词修饰复数名词修饰数词
eg We stayed in New York for another three weeks Please have another apple
another修饰单数名词时文意思明确情况名词省略时another起代词作
eg After eating an apple I had another (one)
6all both each every either
all：指三者三者作形容词修饰名词复数作代词作语宾语位语接of介词短语
both：指两者作形容词修饰名词复数作代词作语宾语位语接of介词短语
each：般指两者中指许中作形容词修饰名词单数作代词作语宾语位语接of介词短语
eg There are trees on each side both sides of the river
Each of us has a chance to go to university
We each have a dictionary
every：指三者三者中形容词作定语面接of介词短语
either：指两者中两者中作形容词修饰名词单数作代词作语宾语接of介词短语
eg If you keep still you can sit on either end of the boat
I don’t like either of them Do you have any other blouse
击破
1 Do you want tea or coffee
_____ I really don’t mind
A Both B None C Either D Neither
2 I read about it in some book or other does it matter ______ it was
A where B what C how D which
3 You’re always working Come on let’s go shopping
_______ you ever want to do is going shopping
A Anything B Something C All D That
4 The boss decided to dismiss two workers ________
A you and Tom B I and you C Mary and I D she and you
5 I don’t care for ______ of the hats Would you show me a third one
A all B none C either D both
6 I now do not accept ______ that is offered to me I only choose those useful
A anything B any C whatever D everything
7 A school is an exciting place ____ in which new talents are being discovered every day
A and B that C there D one
8 How much vinegar did you put in the salad
I’m sorry to say _______ I forgot
A no B nothing C no one D none
9 Is this umbrella yours
No mine is here It must be ________
A someone’s B someone’s else C someone else’s D someone’s else’s
10Our feelings were ___________
A the same as they B same as theirs C same as they D the same as theirs
11 You can reach the town ______ road you take
A whatever B what C whichever D which
12 ______ who wish to go swimming may sign up here
A Any person B Those C Anyone D These
13 Now that the new machines have been bought _____ will you do with the old _____
A how ones B how one C what one D what ones
14 The thieves ran away separately _____ carrying a bag
A all B each C every D either
15 Did anybody ask for me during my absence
Yes ______ called Black asked to see you
A he B it C one D that
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