定义:说明事物特征性质状态常修饰名词定代词词形容词
形容词法位置
(1) 作定语放名词前定代词
(2) 作表语放系动词
(3) 做宾补放宾语常make leave keep等动词连
(4) 某形容词说明事物间关系方位时间途等没较级变化the same different southern northern Chinese Japanese 等
(5) 某形容词放定冠词变成名词表示类常见词goodpoorbadrichyoung old deaf blind black white living dead
二形容词排列序
名两形容词修饰时形容词序通常遵循定规般意调换汉语意思排列通常面次序排列:
1)限定词包括:冠词指示代词形容词性物代词名词格数词等
2)表示观点描绘性形容词:beautiful fine interesting 等
3)表示长短高低等形状形容词tall high small little round 等
4)表示年龄新旧形容词:young old new 等
5)表示颜色形容词black white blue 等
6)表示国籍区出处形容词:Japanese American English rural 等
7)形成中心名词材料形容词: plastic silky wooden 等:
two round blue plastic plates 两圆形蓝色塑料盘
英语中六类形容词连时述先序排列a nice long new black British plastic pen
三. 形容词构词法
形容词构词法
情况
构成方法
举例
名
词
变
形
容
词
词尾加y
Cloudcloudy windwindy iceicy healthhealthy saltsalty
词尾加ern
westwestern easteastern
词尾加ly
friendfriendly mother motherly weekweekly month monthly
词尾加en
Woodwooden goldgolden
词尾加ful
Carecareful useuseful successsuccessful beautybeautiful
词尾加less
Hopehopeless carecareless useuseless homehomeless
词尾加n
AsiaAsian AmericaAmerican
词尾加ish
Foolfoolish childchildish
词尾加ous
Dangerdangerous famefamous
词尾加al
Nationnational naturenatural culturecultural personpersonal musicmusical environmentenvironmental
形容词构词法
情况
构成方法
举例
动词变形容词
词尾加able
Comfortcomfortable valuevaluable enjoyenjoyable
词尾加ent
Differdifferent
词尾加ive
Actactive impressimpressive createcreative
词尾加y
Scarescary
四形容词排序
1形容词排序
形容词常修饰名词代词说明事物性质特征句中作定语表语宾语补足语
形容词修饰名词序:限定词(冠词形容词性物代词指示代词名词格数词等)→般描绘性(beautifulbadcoldgreatstrong等)→表示形状→表示长幼新旧→表示色彩→表示国籍区出处→表示物质材料→表示途类→修饰名词
2物外貌词汇总结(列举部分):
tall(高)short(矮)medium(中等)
thin(瘦)fat(胖)heavy(重)
short(短)long(长)straight(直)curly(弯曲)
blonde(金黄色)brown(棕色)black(黑色)gray(灰白色)
3询问某外貌特征长相语总结:What do you look like者What does he look like :What+助动词dodoes+语+look like
描述某外貌特征常两种方式回答:
1)语+be+描述外貌特征形容词
2)语+havehas+名词(名词前面形容词修饰)
五形容词较级
1常见形容词较级构成
(1)规变化:
①单音节部分双音节形容词般词尾加er
例 calmcalmer talltaller smartsmarter
②字母e结尾直接词尾加r
例 nicenicer finefiner largelarger
③辅音+y 结尾词变y i加er
例earlyearlier happyhappier busybusier
④重读闭音节单辅音字母结尾词双写辅音字母加er
例bigbigger thinthinner hothotter
⑤音节部分双音节形容词原级前面加more
例 popularmore popular importantmore important
(2)特殊变化:
原级
较级
高级
goo well
better
best
many much
more
most
bad badly(坏)
worse
worst
little
less
least
old
older(年龄) elder(辈份)
oldest eldest
far
farther距离 further(深奥)
farthest furthest
规变化
类
构成方法
原级
较级
高级
单音节词少数双音节词
般直接加er est
long tall
longer taller
longest tallest
发音e 结尾时加rst
late large
laterlarger
latest largest
辅音字母加y 结尾时y变i 加er est
easy happy
easier happier
easiest happiest
重读闭音节结尾末尾辅音字母时双写辅音字母加er est
big hot
bigger hotter
biggest hottest
音节词部分双音节词
原级前加more most
careful beautiful
more careful more beautiful
most careful most beautiful
2形容词原级法(倍数表达法):
表示AB某方面程度相时原级
1)肯定句中结构:A+as +形容词原级+as +B:
English is as interesting as Chinese
2)否定句中结构:A+as so +形容词原级+as +B:
The book isn't so new as that one
注意:否定句结构中述结构less +形容词原级+than结构:
He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English
3) 表示AB倍时A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B结构:
Our school is three times as big as theirs 学校学校三倍
4)half as +形容词原级+as表示半
:Her room is half as big as yours 房间半
说明事物身特征性质状态时形容词原级
The flowers in the garden is beautiful
3形容词较级法:
1)表示两者进行较时结构:A+较级+than+B
:Lucy's room is bigger than mine 露西房间
2)表示程度副词a little a bit a great deal a lot much even still far rather any 等修 饰形容词时该形容词较级:
It 's much colder today than yesterday 天昨天冷
3)表示两者进行选择更时句型
WhichWho is +形容词较级A or B表示
:Who is taller Lucy or Lily
4)表示倍时倍数+较级+than表示
:Your room is three times bigger than mine 房间三倍
5)表示两者间较(of the two)时常the+较级结构
:Mary is the taller of the twins 玛丽双胞胎中较高
6)表示越越较级重叠结构较级+and+较级形容词音节词部分双音节词时more and more +形容词原级
:It's getting warmer and warmer in spring 春天天气变越越暖
7)表示越越时the+较级the+较级结构
:The more the better 越越
4形容词高级法:
1)表示三者者三者物进行较时高级形式高级前必须加定冠词the 句末常in of 短语表示范围:
Shanghai is the biggest city in China
2)表示三者者三者物中进行选择时Which Who is +the +高级AB or C结构:
Which city is the most beautiful Beijing Shanghai or Fuzhou
3)表示时one of the +形容词高级结构该形容词面名词复数形式:
Zhou jielun is one of the most popular singers
4)形容词高级前面加序数词表示第:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China
5)形容词高级前面物代词指示代词名词格等修饰时定冠词:
This is our best lesson today
6)形容词较级结构表示高级含义:
Li lei is the tallest student in his class Li lei is taller than any other student in his class
7)较级高级义句转换
He is the tallest boy in his class
He is taller than any other boy in his class
类
构成方法
原级
较级
高级
单音节词少数双音节词
般直接加er est
long tall
longer taller
longest tallest
发音e 结尾时加rst
late large
laterlarger
latest largest
辅音字母加y 结尾时y变i 加er est
easy happy
easier happier
easiest happiest
重读闭音节结尾末尾辅音字母时双写辅音字母加er est
big hot
bigger hotter
biggest hottest
音节词部分双音节词
原级前加more most
careful beautiful
more careful more beautiful
most careful most beautiful
5形容词较级高级规变化
1.规形容词副词较级高级:
:manymuch—more—most goodwell—better best badbadly—worse—worst
little—less—least far—farther—farthest
2.音节形容词副词较级高级加-more-most
:beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful
interesting—more interesting—most interesting
popular—more popular—most popular
3 形容词高级表示时one of the+高级+复数名词
Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world
6形容词高级法:
1)表示三者者三者物进行较时高级形式高级前必须加定冠词the 句末常in of 短语表示范围:
Shanghai is the biggest city in China
2)表示三者者三者物中进行选择时Which Who is +the +高级AB or C结构:
Which city is the most beautiful Beijing Shanghai or Fuzhou
3)表示时one of the +形容词高级结构该形容词面名词复数形式:
Zhou jielun is one of the most popular singers
4)形容词高级前面加序数词表示第:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China
5)形容词高级前面物代词指示代词名词格等修饰时定冠词:
This is our best lesson today
6)形容词较级结构表示高级含义:
Li lei is the tallest student in his class Li lei is taller than any other student in his class
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