英语议文格式
英语议文写作点
议文通议说理表达作者见解张作者某问题持种法读
者意法提出干理企图说服高中英语议文写作注意点
1 点鲜明确切．篇议文中心点．点般开头提出然加证．
2 充分．般事实利成语格言名名言作．
3 证严密法．纳法（induction）演绎法（deduction）议文常证方法．纳法例子基础例子现象中纳出某种道理法．例：报纸种媒体（medium ）中现代信息电视种媒体中获信息广播媒体样中获现代信息．出结媒体网络等定会信息．演绎法法基础般断演绎事例加述回般断．例：媒体提供信息网络媒体网络中获信息．纳中注意例子充分点概面．：（课高二p81）：
i borrowed a book from the library last week it was very boring and difficult i read only ten pages therefore i think that all library books are useless
评注 it does not have a logical argument the writer dislike one library book but not all library books are the same the writer should not make a general statement (all library books are useless) based on his reactions to one single book
二 议文写作步骤
1 引言(introduction)．英语作文受时间字数限制．引言段中作者必须简单解释讨问题明白亮出观点提倡什支援什反什．
2 体段（main body）．体段议程作者必须足够证．（adequate proofs）证观点．般提出两proofs 两句话分进行阐述．
3 结（conclusion）．结段两句话结束文章．时注意引言段呼应搬前面原话．
例：课高二p78 第封信
tutorial center is helpful
i have studied at a tutorial center for two years my command of english has improved considerably since i started this course
at my center the fees are reasonable my tutors are qualified teachers i have been helped a lot by them they are sincere and kind
one of my teachers was british at first i could not say anything to her but later i learned how to communicate in english with a westerner
i think that the tutorial center has given me a lot of confidence in using english
评注 第段提出点 体现家教中心helpful(段划线部分) 体段分方面(划线部分)阐述家教中心确帮助结段重申家教中心作(划线部分)语句表达第段中重复
三议文写作模式
1 议文类型
英语议文根命题特点形式分类型
① 分二观点．轿车量进入家庭家庭环境济产生影响
② 两者选观点．期中考试作文题火车飞机
③认……型．课外阅读法
④样……（how to）型．样克服学中碰困难．
⑤ 图表作文．通阅读图表中数字项目出结形成种法．
高二学期写作求学生应掌握①②两种类型议文写作．第①种类型中命题涉某事物现象正反两方面：通正反两方面出结利弊弊利．证围绕出结展开利弊利面阐述点．反然．
第②种类型中命题求ab两者间作较选择两象优势结部分两种情况：
a 支持a支持b
b ab优势均难割舍情况定结部分说清楚什条件选a 什条件选b．
面重点介绍第①②种类型议文写作模式
2 分二观点议文模式
introduction
第1段nowadays more and more people．．．．．．plays an important part in．．． like everything else ．．．hashave both favorable and unfavorable aspectsboth advantages and disadvantages generally the favorable aspectsadvantages can be listed as follows
main body
第2段：firstly secondly…in additionwhat’s more…
第3段 every coin has two sides the negative aspectsdisadvantages are also apparentobvious to begin with… to make matters worse… worse of all…
conclusion
第4段 through above analysisall things considered we can see that the positive aspectsadvantages outweigh the negative onesdisadvantages therefore…
例文1 电视利弊 advantages and disadvantages of watching tv
nowadays more and more people like to watch tv so tv plays a very important part in our life but watching tv has both advantages and disadvantages generally the advantages can be listed as follows
firstly you can expand your knowledge by watching tv as we all know learning things by tv is much faster than by listening to the radio or just by reading books for it has colorful pictures as well as wonderful music
secondly you may know anybody you want to know such as famous singers super stars scientists and so on
what’s more you can go everywhere by traveling programs let’s suppose if you like traveling very much but you have to work on weekends or holidays you must be very sad and now open your tv and it’ll take you to anywhere
every coin has two sides the disadvantages are also obvious for example watching too much tv can easily become shortsighted especially for children and students to make matters worse some young students are keen on watching tv so that they give up their studies gradually
through above analysis i think watching tv is a way of studying it is good for us to watch tv but when we watch tv we should make a plan otherwise watching tv will destroy our life
例文2 谈谈出国留学利弊 where to attend a college
nowadays more and more young people are going to study abroad like everything else studying abroad has both favorable and unfavorable aspects generally the favorable aspects can be listed as follows
firstly they think by attending a college in a foreign country they can learn not only useful knowledge but also the culture and customs of other nations secondly they can take advantage of this opportunity to gain a good command of the foreign language they are learning very quickly moreover they can meet different people and experience different cultures which may help to broaden their views
every coin has two sides the negative aspects are also apparent the costs are much higher than those in their native country most overseas students have to work for a living which can’t allow them to pay all their attention to study what’s more they may feel very lonely
through above analysis we can see that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones therefore i am in favor of going abroad to study
写作练：
①谈谈校服 （school uniforms）
提示：年越越中学求穿校服．引发学生中问题讨请写片英语短文阐述观点．
reference some of the main arguments for and against school uniforms
for against
1students look neat and tidy 1uniforms are expensive
2the public knows which school you are from 2children grow fast need new uniforms
3parents all pay the same money 3some uniforms are very uncomfortable
4students don’t worry about fashions 4students all look the same can’t be individuals
5teachers can identify students on school trips 5get bored with same clothes every day
6good discipline for students
②说广告（about advertisement）
提示：说广告现代社会重认广告促销成分太认……
3两者选观点议文模式
模式⑴ab两者优劣势分析选a选b
introduction
第1段some people hold the opinion that (a) is superior to (b) in many ways others however argue that (b) is much better personally i would prefer (a) because i think (a) has more advantages
main body
第2段：there are many reasons why i prefer (a) the main reason is that … another reason is that…(赞a原)
第3段 of course choosing (b) also has advantages to some extent (列出1~2b优势)
conclusion
第4段 but if all these factors are considered (a) is much better than (b) from what has been discussed above we may finally draw the conclusion that …(总结观点)
例文 which is better cars or bikes
some people hold the opinion that private cars are superior to bicycles in many ways others however argue that the bicycle is much better personally i would prefer the use of cars because i think cars have more advantages
there are many reasons why i prefer cars the main reason is that cars bring convenience and mobility to the owners what’s more a car is far more comfortable to travel in especially in the changeable weather another reason is that when more people buy cars the automobile industry will develop more quickly the growth of the automobile industry can motivate the rise of other related industries such as iron and steel production
of course bicycles can take you to anywhere you like in town and does not need a large parking place besides it is not as expensive as a car and therefore every family can afford to buy
but if all these factors are considered cars are much better than bicycles from what has been discussed above we may finally draw the conclusion that people can live better with the use of cars
模式⑵ ab优势相情况定条件选择ab
introduction
第1段which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between (a) and (b) before you make the decision you had better make a close comparison
main body
第2段：it is true that(选择a优势) it is also true that(选择a优势二) but (选择a劣势)
第3段 though(选择b劣势) (选择b优势) furthermore (选择b优势二)
conclusion
第4段 therefore if you… you should choose (a) but if you… you should choose (b) (总结观点提出建议)
例文 listening to the radio or reading the newspapers
which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between listening to the radio and reading the newspapers before you make the decision you had better make a close comparison
it is true that listening to the radio is quick and convenient it is also true that we can listen to the radio while are doing something else so we can save a lot of time but radio programs have their own time schedule you cannot get the information you need every time you turn on your radio
though newspapers are not as quick as radio reading from the newspaper can certainly bring us news more clearly and more exactly furthermore while reading we have time to think about what we are reading to judge it to analyze it and then we will be more aware of its cause and effect
we are living in an information age we have to make full use of the information we can get if we are to achieve our goals
therefore if we want to get the latest news we can listen to the radio but if we want to get the exact words we’d better read the newspaper
写作练
① 健康财富(health and wealth)
提示 健康财富更重直热门话题(hot topic)请简述观点
② 里住更(where to live)
提示 喜欢城里挤喜欢乡搬 孰孰非
参考文献
1 oxford english for senior high school students (shanghai edition) oxford university press 1996
2 王长喜十二句作文法 王长喜北京中国社会出版社XX7
3 英语高分指导写作高中卷 郭凤高第二版 海海交通学出版社XX
4 高考英语作文直通车曹越宇 海海社会科学院出版社XX
附录(appendix)
写作常逻辑衔接词
根衔接词身文章中起作分四类 起 承 转 合
1 表示起常词语 开篇引出扩展句
at first
at present
currently
first(ly)
in the beginning
to begin with
first of all
in the first place
lately
to start with
now
2 关承常词语 承接文表递进
afterafter thatafterwards
after a few days
after a while
alsotoo
at any rate
at the same time
besides
furthermore
in addition
in addition to
in fact
in other words
in particular
particularly
in the same way
incidentally
indeed
meanwhile
moreover
no doubt
obviously
of course
3 关转常词语 表示相反意思
after all even though
all the time nevertheless
anyway nonetheless
at the same time still
conversely in fact
inby contrast as a matter of fact
despite especially
fortunately however
in spite of luckily
thoughalthough no doubt
on the contrary otherwise
unfortunately unlike
whereas yet
4 关合常词语 结文结束段落容
above all in sum
accordingly in summary
as a consequence on the whole
as a result therefore
as has been noted thus
as i have said to speak frankly
at last to sum up
at length to summarize
briefly surely
by doing so to conclude
consequently no doubt
eventually undoubtedly
finally doubtless
hence truly
in brief so
in conclusion obviously
in short certainly
all in all
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英语议文写作点
议文通议说理表达作者见解张作者某问题持种法读
者意法提出干理企图说服高中英语议文写作注意点
1 点鲜明确切．篇议文中心点．点般开头提出然加证．
2 充分．般事实利成语格言名名言作．
3 证严密法．纳法（induction）演绎法（deduction）议文常证方法．纳法例子基础例子现象中纳出某种道理法．例：报纸种媒体（medium ）中现代信息电视种媒体中获信息广播媒体样中获现代信息．出结媒体网络等定会信息．演绎法法基础般断演绎事例加述回般断．例：媒体提供信息网络媒体网络中获信息．纳中注意例子充分点概面．：（课高二p81）：
i borrowed a book from the library last week it was very boring and difficult i read only ten pages therefore i think that all library books are useless
评注 it does not have a logical argument the writer dislike one library book but not all library books are the same the writer should not make a general statement (all library books are useless) based on his reactions to one single book
二 议文写作步骤
1 引言(introduction)．英语作文受时间字数限制．引言段中作者必须简单解释讨问题明白亮出观点提倡什支援什反什．
2 体段（main body）．体段议程作者必须足够证．（adequate proofs）证观点．般提出两proofs 两句话分进行阐述．
3 结（conclusion）．结段两句话结束文章．时注意引言段呼应搬前面原话．
例：课高二p78 第封信
tutorial center is helpful
i have studied at a tutorial center for two years my command of english has improved considerably since i started this course
at my center the fees are reasonable my tutors are qualified teachers i have been helped a lot by them they are sincere and kind
one of my teachers was british at first i could not say anything to her but later i learned how to communicate in english with a westerner
i think that the tutorial center has given me a lot of confidence in using english
评注 第段提出点 体现家教中心helpful(段划线部分) 体段分方面(划线部分)阐述家教中心确帮助结段重申家教中心作(划线部分)语句表达第段中重复
三议文写作模式
1 议文类型
英语议文根命题特点形式分类型
① 分二观点．轿车量进入家庭家庭环境济产生影响
② 两者选观点．期中考试作文题火车飞机
③认……型．课外阅读法
④样……（how to）型．样克服学中碰困难．
⑤ 图表作文．通阅读图表中数字项目出结形成种法．
高二学期写作求学生应掌握①②两种类型议文写作．第①种类型中命题涉某事物现象正反两方面：通正反两方面出结利弊弊利．证围绕出结展开利弊利面阐述点．反然．
第②种类型中命题求ab两者间作较选择两象优势结部分两种情况：
a 支持a支持b
b ab优势均难割舍情况定结部分说清楚什条件选a 什条件选b．
面重点介绍第①②种类型议文写作模式
2 分二观点议文模式
introduction
第1段nowadays more and more people．．．．．．plays an important part in．．． like everything else ．．．hashave both favorable and unfavorable aspectsboth advantages and disadvantages generally the favorable aspectsadvantages can be listed as follows
main body
第2段：firstly secondly…in additionwhat’s more…
第3段 every coin has two sides the negative aspectsdisadvantages are also apparentobvious to begin with… to make matters worse… worse of all…
conclusion
第4段 through above analysisall things considered we can see that the positive aspectsadvantages outweigh the negative onesdisadvantages therefore…
例文1 电视利弊 advantages and disadvantages of watching tv
nowadays more and more people like to watch tv so tv plays a very important part in our life but watching tv has both advantages and disadvantages generally the advantages can be listed as follows
firstly you can expand your knowledge by watching tv as we all know learning things by tv is much faster than by listening to the radio or just by reading books for it has colorful pictures as well as wonderful music
secondly you may know anybody you want to know such as famous singers super stars scientists and so on
what’s more you can go everywhere by traveling programs let’s suppose if you like traveling very much but you have to work on weekends or holidays you must be very sad and now open your tv and it’ll take you to anywhere
every coin has two sides the disadvantages are also obvious for example watching too much tv can easily become shortsighted especially for children and students to make matters worse some young students are keen on watching tv so that they give up their studies gradually
through above analysis i think watching tv is a way of studying it is good for us to watch tv but when we watch tv we should make a plan otherwise watching tv will destroy our life
例文2 谈谈出国留学利弊 where to attend a college
nowadays more and more young people are going to study abroad like everything else studying abroad has both favorable and unfavorable aspects generally the favorable aspects can be listed as follows
firstly they think by attending a college in a foreign country they can learn not only useful knowledge but also the culture and customs of other nations secondly they can take advantage of this opportunity to gain a good command of the foreign language they are learning very quickly moreover they can meet different people and experience different cultures which may help to broaden their views
every coin has two sides the negative aspects are also apparent the costs are much higher than those in their native country most overseas students have to work for a living which can’t allow them to pay all their attention to study what’s more they may feel very lonely
through above analysis we can see that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones therefore i am in favor of going abroad to study
写作练：
①谈谈校服 （school uniforms）
提示：年越越中学求穿校服．引发学生中问题讨请写片英语短文阐述观点．
reference some of the main arguments for and against school uniforms
for against
1students look neat and tidy 1uniforms are expensive
2the public knows which school you are from 2children grow fast need new uniforms
3parents all pay the same money 3some uniforms are very uncomfortable
4students don’t worry about fashions 4students all look the same can’t be individuals
5teachers can identify students on school trips 5get bored with same clothes every day
6good discipline for students
②说广告（about advertisement）
提示：说广告现代社会重认广告促销成分太认……
3两者选观点议文模式
模式⑴ab两者优劣势分析选a选b
introduction
第1段some people hold the opinion that (a) is superior to (b) in many ways others however argue that (b) is much better personally i would prefer (a) because i think (a) has more advantages
main body
第2段：there are many reasons why i prefer (a) the main reason is that … another reason is that…(赞a原)
第3段 of course choosing (b) also has advantages to some extent (列出1~2b优势)
conclusion
第4段 but if all these factors are considered (a) is much better than (b) from what has been discussed above we may finally draw the conclusion that …(总结观点)
例文 which is better cars or bikes
some people hold the opinion that private cars are superior to bicycles in many ways others however argue that the bicycle is much better personally i would prefer the use of cars because i think cars have more advantages
there are many reasons why i prefer cars the main reason is that cars bring convenience and mobility to the owners what’s more a car is far more comfortable to travel in especially in the changeable weather another reason is that when more people buy cars the automobile industry will develop more quickly the growth of the automobile industry can motivate the rise of other related industries such as iron and steel production
of course bicycles can take you to anywhere you like in town and does not need a large parking place besides it is not as expensive as a car and therefore every family can afford to buy
but if all these factors are considered cars are much better than bicycles from what has been discussed above we may finally draw the conclusion that people can live better with the use of cars
模式⑵ ab优势相情况定条件选择ab
introduction
第1段which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between (a) and (b) before you make the decision you had better make a close comparison
main body
第2段：it is true that(选择a优势) it is also true that(选择a优势二) but (选择a劣势)
第3段 though(选择b劣势) (选择b优势) furthermore (选择b优势二)
conclusion
第4段 therefore if you… you should choose (a) but if you… you should choose (b) (总结观点提出建议)
例文 listening to the radio or reading the newspapers
which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between listening to the radio and reading the newspapers before you make the decision you had better make a close comparison
it is true that listening to the radio is quick and convenient it is also true that we can listen to the radio while are doing something else so we can save a lot of time but radio programs have their own time schedule you cannot get the information you need every time you turn on your radio
though newspapers are not as quick as radio reading from the newspaper can certainly bring us news more clearly and more exactly furthermore while reading we have time to think about what we are reading to judge it to analyze it and then we will be more aware of its cause and effect
we are living in an information age we have to make full use of the information we can get if we are to achieve our goals
therefore if we want to get the latest news we can listen to the radio but if we want to get the exact words we’d better read the newspaper
写作练
① 健康财富(health and wealth)
提示 健康财富更重直热门话题(hot topic)请简述观点
② 里住更(where to live)
提示 喜欢城里挤喜欢乡搬 孰孰非
参考文献
1 oxford english for senior high school students (shanghai edition) oxford university press 1996
2 王长喜十二句作文法 王长喜北京中国社会出版社XX7
3 英语高分指导写作高中卷 郭凤高第二版 海海交通学出版社XX
4 高考英语作文直通车曹越宇 海海社会科学院出版社XX
附录(appendix)
写作常逻辑衔接词
根衔接词身文章中起作分四类 起 承 转 合
1 表示起常词语 开篇引出扩展句
at first
at present
currently
first(ly)
in the beginning
to begin with
first of all
in the first place
lately
to start with
now
2 关承常词语 承接文表递进
afterafter thatafterwards
after a few days
after a while
alsotoo
at any rate
at the same time
besides
furthermore
in addition
in addition to
in fact
in other words
in particular
particularly
in the same way
incidentally
indeed
meanwhile
moreover
no doubt
obviously
of course
3 关转常词语 表示相反意思
after all even though
all the time nevertheless
anyway nonetheless
at the same time still
conversely in fact
inby contrast as a matter of fact
despite especially
fortunately however
in spite of luckily
thoughalthough no doubt
on the contrary otherwise
unfortunately unlike
whereas yet
4 关合常词语 结文结束段落容
above all in sum
accordingly in summary
as a consequence on the whole
as a result therefore
as has been noted thus
as i have said to speak frankly
at last to sum up
at length to summarize
briefly surely
by doing so to conclude
consequently no doubt
eventually undoubtedly
finally doubtless
hence truly
in brief so
in conclusion obviously
in short certainly
all in all
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《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
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