19. *XHH*The Role of Job AnalysisJob analysis, properly done, enhance the success of these HRM practices.
Laying the foundation for recruitment and selection practices.
Laying the foundation for training and development practices.
Laying the foundation for performance appraisal forms.
Laying the foundation for compensation decisions.
Laying the foundation for employee discipline decisions.
Laying the foundation for safety and health programs.
27. *XHH*Determining the type of information to be collected 工作分析的内容取决于工作分析的目的与用途。
对现有的工作内容与要求更加明确或合理化,以便制定切实可行的奖励制度,调动员工的积极性;
对新的职位作出规范;
改善工作环境,提高安全性。
一般来说,工作分析包括三个方面的内容:
Job content——what the employee does, the purpose of the action, and the tools, equipment, or machinery used in the process.
Job context----the conditions and the demands on employee.
Employee requirements——knowledge, skill, ability, personal characteristic, and credentials.
29. *XHH* Job contextReporting relationships—where the job fits in the organizational hierarchy.
Supervision received—how closely the job is supervised.
Judgment—how much discretion the employee has in determining how the job will be carried out.
Authority—how much authority the employee has with respect to such things as hiring, firing, disciplining, budgeting, and making capital expenditures.
Personal contacts—the type of people with whom the employee comes in contact and the name of the contact.
30. *XHH*Job context(con.)Working conditions—factors within the work environment that cause discomfort or danger.
Discomfort—the presence of extreme temperatures, poor ventilation, and excessive noise.
Dangers—working in high places and exposure to toxic chemicals.
Physical demands—taxing: the need to run, climb, crawl, stand for long periods,reach,lift, and visually monitor a process over a prolonged period.
Personal demands—stress: competing demands, constant interruptions, difficult customers, boredom, conflicting or ambiguous job responsibilities, and required overtime.
31. *XHH*Employee requirementsKnowledge: the body of information one needs to perform the job.
Skill: the capability to perform a learned motor task, such as forklift operating skill and word processing skills.
Personal characteristics:
Individual’s traits(tact(机智), assertiveness(自信), concern for others, objectivity, work ethic)
Willingness/ability (the ability to withstand boredom, willingness to work overtime,willingness to treat others cordially) to adapt to the circumstances in the environment.
32. *XHH*Determining how to collect the information1.问卷调查法
经精心设计的结构化工作分析问卷可以快速获得大量信息,是目前较为常用的方法。它要求被调查人员分别对各种工作行为、工作特征和工作人员特征的重要性和频率做出描述或打分评级,然后对结果进行统计与分析。
问卷可以分为工作定向问卷和人员定向问卷。前者强调工作本身的条件和结果;后者则集中于了解员工的工作行为。
52. *XHH*Job analysis and the manager’s jobCompleting the job analysis
Job analysis is conducted by HR professional. Here the manager provides the HR professional with additional information.
Implementing job analysis results
Selecting applicants
Communicating job responsibilities
53. *XHH*How the HRM department can helpGaining upper-management support
Planning and implementing a job analysis project
Determine goals and objectives.
Choose methods for collecting and recording job