学英语基础知识点纳
第部分：基础知识
1字母：26字母写
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
2语音：元音发音
五元音字母：AEIOU
12单元音： 前元音：[i] [ɪ] e [æ]
中元音：[ɜ] [ə]
元音：[ɑ] [ɒ] [ɔ] [u ] [ʊ] [ʌ]
双元音（8）
Ⅰ合口双元音（5）[ai] [ei] [au] [əu] [ɔi]
Ⅱ集中双元音（3） [iə][εə][uə]
3词汇：词汇量反义词
4句子：写标点符号
第二部分：语法知识
名词：名词单复数名词格
()名词单复数
1般情况直接加s：bookbooks bagbags catcats bedbeds
2s x sh ch结尾加es：busbuses boxboxes brushbrushes watchwatches
3辅音字母+y结尾变yi 加es：familyfamilies strawberrystrawberries
4ffe结尾变ffev 加es：knifeknives
5规名词复数：
manmen womanwomen policemanpolicemen policewomanpolicewomen mousemice
childchildren footfeet toothteeth fishfish peoplepeople ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese
数名词复数原型：paper juice water milk rice tea
(二)名词格
(1) 生命东西名词格：
a) 单数加 ’s Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) s 结尾复数名词加 ’ his friends’ bags
c) s 结尾复数加 ’s children’s shoes
l列名词中果 ’s加名词表示
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆迈克汽车
l表示物应分列名词加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆麦克汽车
(2)表示生命东西名词通常 of +名词表示关系：
a picture of the classroom a map of China
第二部分：语法知识
二冠词：定冠词定冠词种类：
(1)定冠词：a an a unit an uncle
元音开头数名词前an
an egg an apple an orange an eraser an answer an ID card an alarm clock an actor an actress an email an address an event an example an opera an houran old man an interesting book an exciting sport an action movie an art lesson
(2)定冠词：the the egg the plane
2 法
定冠词法：
(1)特指某()某()物：The ruler is on the desk
(2)复述文提物：He has a sweater The sweater is new
(3)谈话双方知道物：The boys aren’t at school
(4)序数词前：John’s birthday is February the second
(5)固定词组中：in the morning afternoon evening
冠词情况：
(1)专名词前：China is a big country
(2)名词前定语：this that my your some any no 等：
This is my baseball
(3)复数名词表示类事：Monkeys can’t swim They are teachers
(4)节日日期月份季节前：Today is Christmas Day It’s Sunday
(5)日三餐前：We have breakfast at 630
(6)球类 棋类运动前：They often play football after class He plays chess at home
* 乐器前定冠词：I play the guitar very well
(7)学科名称前：My favorite subject is music
(8)称呼头衔名词前：This is Mr Li
(9)固定词组中：at noon at night by bus
第二部分：语法知识
三代词形容词副词
代词：称代词物代词
称代词物代词
格宾格
第
称单数I()memy()
复数we()usour()
第二
称单数you()youyour()
复数you()youyour()
第三
称单数he()himhis()
she()herher()
it()itits()
复数they()themtheir()
形容词副词：较级高级
()形容词较级
1形容词较级句子中运：两事物较较级较级面般带单词than较级前面more a little修饰表示程度than称代词格(口语中宾格)
2形容词加er规：
⑴ 般词尾加er
⑵ 字母e 结尾加r
⑶ 元音字母辅音字母结尾应双写末尾辅音字母加er
⑷ 辅音字母+y结尾先y变i加er
3规形容词较级：
goodbetter beautifulmore beautiful
(二)副词较级
1形容词副词区(be形形be动副副动)
⑴句子中形容词般处名词前be动词
⑵副词句子中常见处实义动词
2副词较级变化规基形容词较级相(规变化：wellbetter farfarther)
第二部分：语法知识
四数词：基数词序数词
(1)120
onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteen sixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwenty
(2)2199 先说十说中间加连字符
23→twentythree34→thirtyfour45→forty—five56→fiftysix67→sixtyseven78→seventyeight89→eightynine91→ninetyone
(3)101—999先说百加and加末两位数末位数
586→five hundred and eightysix803→eight hundred and three
(4)l000先右左数三位数加第前thousand第二前million第三前billion
1001→one thousand and one
18423→eighteen thousandfour hundred and twentythree
6260309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750000000000→seven hundred and fifty billion
序数词
(1)般基数词加th
egfour→fourththirteen→thirteenth
(2)规变化
one→firsttwo→secondthree→thirdfive→fiftheight→eighthnine→ninthtwelve—twelfth
(3)y结尾十位整数变yie加th
twenty→twentieth forty→fortieth ninety→ninetieth
(4)二十十直百十千百十位基数词变序数词
twentyfirsttwo hundred and fortyfifth
基数词转序数词口诀：
基变序规律词尾加th
二三特殊记词尾字母tdd
八t九e vef
tyy变成ith前面e
碰十前基序
第二部分：语法知识
五介词：常介词：in on at behind等
1at表示时间概念某点(某时刻时间阶段等)
at 1：00(dawnmidnightnoon)点钟(黎明午夜中午)
2on
1)表示具体日期
注：(1)关周末种表示法：
at(on)the weekend周末特指
at(on)weekends周末泛指
over the weekend整周末
during the weekend周末期间
(2)圣诞节应说at Christmas说on Christmas
2)(刚……)时候
On reaching the city he called up his parents
城里父母电话
3in
1)表示时段时期数情况during互换前者强调者强调持续in(during)1988(Decemberthe 20th century)九八八年(十二月二十世纪)
六动词：动词四种时态：
(1)般现时：
般现时构成
1 be动词：语+be(am is are)+：I am a boy 男孩
2 行动词：语+行动词(+)：We study English 学英语
语第三称单数(he she it)时动词加ses：Mary likes Chinese玛丽喜欢汉语
动词+s变化规
1般情况直接加s：cookcooks milkmilks
2s x sh ch o结尾加es：guessguesses washwashes watchwatches gogoes
3辅音字母+y结尾变yi 加es：studystudies
(2)般时
动词式详解 动词式构成规：
A规动词
① 般直接动词面加ed： worked learned cleaned visited
② e结尾动词直接加d： lived danced used
③ 辅音字母加y结尾动词改yi加ed(类动词较少) study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意playstay辅音字母加y属类)
④ 双写字母(类动词较少) stopped
B规动词(类词规须熟记)学阶段记住动词原形式：sing – sang eat – ate
see – saw have – had do – did go – went take – took buy – bought get – got read – read fly – flew amis – was
are – were say – said leave – left swim – swam tell – told draw – drew come – came lose – lost find – found drink – drank hurt – hurt feel – felt
(3)般时：
基结构：
①be going to + do
②will+ do be going to will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天) I will go swimming tomorrow
(4)现进行时 amisare+动词现分词
动词现分词详解 动词ing形式构成规：
① 般直接面加ing doing going working singing eating
② e 结尾动词先e加ing having writing
③ 双写字母(类动词极少)：running swimming sitting getting
第三部分：句法
1陈述句
(1)肯定句：指肯定语气陈述句子：I’m a student She is a doctor He works in a hospital
There are four fans in our classroom He will eat lunch at 1200 I watched TV yesterday evening
(2)否定句：含否定词表示否定意义词句子：I’m not a student She is not (isn’t) a doctor
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 1200 I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening
2 疑问句
般疑问句：指询问事实句子类句子必须yesno回答
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(what where who which when whose why how等)开头引导句子类句子应该问什答什yes no回答
3There be句型
There be 句型have has区
1There be 句型表示：某某物()
2there be 句型中语单数be 动词is 语复数be 动词are 件物品be 动词根*be 动词名词决定
3there be 句型否定句be 动词加not 般疑问句be 动词调句首
4there be句型have(has) 区：there be 表示某某物()have(has) 表示某拥某物
5some any there be 句型中运：some 肯定句 any 否定句疑问句
6and or there be句型中运：and 肯定句 or 否定句疑问句
7针数量提问特殊疑问句基结构：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语
How much + 数名词 + is there + 介词短语
8针语提问特殊疑问句基结构：
What’s + 介词短语
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第部分：基础知识
1字母：26字母写
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
2语音：元音发音
五元音字母：AEIOU
12单元音： 前元音：[i] [ɪ] e [æ]
中元音：[ɜ] [ə]
元音：[ɑ] [ɒ] [ɔ] [u ] [ʊ] [ʌ]
双元音（8）
Ⅰ合口双元音（5）[ai] [ei] [au] [əu] [ɔi]
Ⅱ集中双元音（3） [iə][εə][uə]
3词汇：词汇量反义词
4句子：写标点符号
第二部分：语法知识
名词：名词单复数名词格
()名词单复数
1般情况直接加s：bookbooks bagbags catcats bedbeds
2s x sh ch结尾加es：busbuses boxboxes brushbrushes watchwatches
3辅音字母+y结尾变yi 加es：familyfamilies strawberrystrawberries
4ffe结尾变ffev 加es：knifeknives
5规名词复数：
manmen womanwomen policemanpolicemen policewomanpolicewomen mousemice
childchildren footfeet toothteeth fishfish peoplepeople ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese
数名词复数原型：paper juice water milk rice tea
(二)名词格
(1) 生命东西名词格：
a) 单数加 ’s Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) s 结尾复数名词加 ’ his friends’ bags
c) s 结尾复数加 ’s children’s shoes
l列名词中果 ’s加名词表示
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆迈克汽车
l表示物应分列名词加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆麦克汽车
(2)表示生命东西名词通常 of +名词表示关系：
a picture of the classroom a map of China
第二部分：语法知识
二冠词：定冠词定冠词种类：
(1)定冠词：a an a unit an uncle
元音开头数名词前an
an egg an apple an orange an eraser an answer an ID card an alarm clock an actor an actress an email an address an event an example an opera an houran old man an interesting book an exciting sport an action movie an art lesson
(2)定冠词：the the egg the plane
2 法
定冠词法：
(1)特指某()某()物：The ruler is on the desk
(2)复述文提物：He has a sweater The sweater is new
(3)谈话双方知道物：The boys aren’t at school
(4)序数词前：John’s birthday is February the second
(5)固定词组中：in the morning afternoon evening
冠词情况：
(1)专名词前：China is a big country
(2)名词前定语：this that my your some any no 等：
This is my baseball
(3)复数名词表示类事：Monkeys can’t swim They are teachers
(4)节日日期月份季节前：Today is Christmas Day It’s Sunday
(5)日三餐前：We have breakfast at 630
(6)球类 棋类运动前：They often play football after class He plays chess at home
* 乐器前定冠词：I play the guitar very well
(7)学科名称前：My favorite subject is music
(8)称呼头衔名词前：This is Mr Li
(9)固定词组中：at noon at night by bus
第二部分：语法知识
三代词形容词副词
代词：称代词物代词
称代词物代词
格宾格
第
称单数I()memy()
复数we()usour()
第二
称单数you()youyour()
复数you()youyour()
第三
称单数he()himhis()
she()herher()
it()itits()
复数they()themtheir()
形容词副词：较级高级
()形容词较级
1形容词较级句子中运：两事物较较级较级面般带单词than较级前面more a little修饰表示程度than称代词格(口语中宾格)
2形容词加er规：
⑴ 般词尾加er
⑵ 字母e 结尾加r
⑶ 元音字母辅音字母结尾应双写末尾辅音字母加er
⑷ 辅音字母+y结尾先y变i加er
3规形容词较级：
goodbetter beautifulmore beautiful
(二)副词较级
1形容词副词区(be形形be动副副动)
⑴句子中形容词般处名词前be动词
⑵副词句子中常见处实义动词
2副词较级变化规基形容词较级相(规变化：wellbetter farfarther)
第二部分：语法知识
四数词：基数词序数词
(1)120
onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteen sixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwenty
(2)2199 先说十说中间加连字符
23→twentythree34→thirtyfour45→forty—five56→fiftysix67→sixtyseven78→seventyeight89→eightynine91→ninetyone
(3)101—999先说百加and加末两位数末位数
586→five hundred and eightysix803→eight hundred and three
(4)l000先右左数三位数加第前thousand第二前million第三前billion
1001→one thousand and one
18423→eighteen thousandfour hundred and twentythree
6260309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750000000000→seven hundred and fifty billion
序数词
(1)般基数词加th
egfour→fourththirteen→thirteenth
(2)规变化
one→firsttwo→secondthree→thirdfive→fiftheight→eighthnine→ninthtwelve—twelfth
(3)y结尾十位整数变yie加th
twenty→twentieth forty→fortieth ninety→ninetieth
(4)二十十直百十千百十位基数词变序数词
twentyfirsttwo hundred and fortyfifth
基数词转序数词口诀：
基变序规律词尾加th
二三特殊记词尾字母tdd
八t九e vef
tyy变成ith前面e
碰十前基序
第二部分：语法知识
五介词：常介词：in on at behind等
1at表示时间概念某点(某时刻时间阶段等)
at 1：00(dawnmidnightnoon)点钟(黎明午夜中午)
2on
1)表示具体日期
注：(1)关周末种表示法：
at(on)the weekend周末特指
at(on)weekends周末泛指
over the weekend整周末
during the weekend周末期间
(2)圣诞节应说at Christmas说on Christmas
2)(刚……)时候
On reaching the city he called up his parents
城里父母电话
3in
1)表示时段时期数情况during互换前者强调者强调持续in(during)1988(Decemberthe 20th century)九八八年(十二月二十世纪)
六动词：动词四种时态：
(1)般现时：
般现时构成
1 be动词：语+be(am is are)+：I am a boy 男孩
2 行动词：语+行动词(+)：We study English 学英语
语第三称单数(he she it)时动词加ses：Mary likes Chinese玛丽喜欢汉语
动词+s变化规
1般情况直接加s：cookcooks milkmilks
2s x sh ch o结尾加es：guessguesses washwashes watchwatches gogoes
3辅音字母+y结尾变yi 加es：studystudies
(2)般时
动词式详解 动词式构成规：
A规动词
① 般直接动词面加ed： worked learned cleaned visited
② e结尾动词直接加d： lived danced used
③ 辅音字母加y结尾动词改yi加ed(类动词较少) study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意playstay辅音字母加y属类)
④ 双写字母(类动词较少) stopped
B规动词(类词规须熟记)学阶段记住动词原形式：sing – sang eat – ate
see – saw have – had do – did go – went take – took buy – bought get – got read – read fly – flew amis – was
are – were say – said leave – left swim – swam tell – told draw – drew come – came lose – lost find – found drink – drank hurt – hurt feel – felt
(3)般时：
基结构：
①be going to + do
②will+ do be going to will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天) I will go swimming tomorrow
(4)现进行时 amisare+动词现分词
动词现分词详解 动词ing形式构成规：
① 般直接面加ing doing going working singing eating
② e 结尾动词先e加ing having writing
③ 双写字母(类动词极少)：running swimming sitting getting
第三部分：句法
1陈述句
(1)肯定句：指肯定语气陈述句子：I’m a student She is a doctor He works in a hospital
There are four fans in our classroom He will eat lunch at 1200 I watched TV yesterday evening
(2)否定句：含否定词表示否定意义词句子：I’m not a student She is not (isn’t) a doctor
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 1200 I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening
2 疑问句
般疑问句：指询问事实句子类句子必须yesno回答
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(what where who which when whose why how等)开头引导句子类句子应该问什答什yes no回答
3There be句型
There be 句型have has区
1There be 句型表示：某某物()
2there be 句型中语单数be 动词is 语复数be 动词are 件物品be 动词根*be 动词名词决定
3there be 句型否定句be 动词加not 般疑问句be 动词调句首
4there be句型have(has) 区：there be 表示某某物()have(has) 表示某拥某物
5some any there be 句型中运：some 肯定句 any 否定句疑问句
6and or there be句型中运：and 肯定句 or 否定句疑问句
7针数量提问特殊疑问句基结构：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语
How much + 数名词 + is there + 介词短语
8针语提问特殊疑问句基结构：
What’s + 介词短语
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《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
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