北京市石景山区
20192021年三年中考模英语试题汇编
阅读理解专题（解析版）
2021年北京市石景山区中考模英语试题
三阅读理解（26分题2分）
阅读面四篇短文根短文容短文题ABCD四选项中选择佳选项
A
Crazy things that parents say to their kids
Do you remember things that your mum and dad said again and again when you were a kid
Julia
Of course I always liked doing dangerous things – you know climbing trees and things And my dad said If you fall you’ll break your leg And he always added And when you break your leg don’t come running to me for help I didn’t understand the joke for years
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
Pete
Oh of course My little brother and me we loved TV and we sat and watched it for hours every day And my mum always said If you watch TV all the time you’ll get square eyes Well we watched a lot of TV and our eyes are still normal Haha
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
Susie
You reminded me Pete My dad always said If you eat all your carrots you’ll see in the dark I really like carrots – I ate them when I was a kid and I eat them now – but I still can’t see in the dark
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
Mike
If I was angry or upset I always made a face and my mum said If you go on making that face the wind will change and your face will stay like that forever That’s the only one I remember – but as soon as I think of others I’ll send them to you
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
21 What did Julia like doing when she was a kid
A Watching TV B Making a face
C Eating carrots D Climbing trees
22 Why did Pete’s mum talk about square eyes
A She didn’t want Pete to do dangerous things
B She didn’t want Pete to watch too much TV
C She liked Pete’s funny faces very much
D She wanted Pete to eat more carrots
23 Which of the following picture describes Susie’s story best
A B C D
答案21 D 22 B 23 B
解析
分析文回忆方式介绍时候爸爸妈妈反复说话
21题详解
细节理解题根I always liked doing dangerous things–you know climbing trees and things知朱莉娅时候喜欢爬树选D
22题详解
推理判断题根And my mum always said If you watch TV all the time you’ll get square eyes Well we watched a lot of TV and our eyes are still normal推知想皮特太电视选B
23题详解
细节理解题根My dad always said If you eat all your carrots you’ll see in the dark爸爸总说：果胡萝卜吃会黑暗中知爸爸女话图片中应该出现父女胡萝卜选项B符合选B
B
A day in the life
Well finally something is happening Kim thought So far it had been the most boring summer ever Suddenly loud beeps (哔哔声) warning that a truck is backing up broke the afternoon silence Kim walked over to the bushes (灌木) that separated her house from the one next door
I hope the new neighbours are cool she thought as she looked at the stacks of boxes outside the truck Let’s see Lots of boxes That one says Kitchen stuff and that one says Jane’s stuff Wow what a huge TV Oh a piano Hmm I wonder who Jane is And look at that a water bowl with the name Cupcake on it
Maybe they have a cat thought Kim She stepped around the bushes to get a better look Here Cupcake Come here girl she called She poured some of her water into the bowl and called again Here Cupcake Come on out girl
Kim heard something move A large dog crawled (爬) out from under the truck and then stood up and shook itself Well look at you Kim said You are not a little girl are you But you look so sweet Are you thirsty Here have some water
It was after the dog had finished the water and was happily licking (舔) Kim’s hand that she looked up
I see you’ve met Cupcake said a girl she had never met before I’m Jane
They had hardly started talking when Kim heard her mum shouting Be careful with the dog Kim Get over here right now
Mum Kim said Relax She’s so friendly and sweet Her name is Cupcake
I don’t care what its name is Come home now
Kim looked at Jane and then looked down her feet not sure of what to say next
Go ahead Jane said We can talk later And maybe you can show me how to get to school
Sure Jane I’d like that And maybe we can take Cupcake for a walk
Well Kim thought as she returned home Maybe the rest of the summer won’t be boring after all
24 What broke the afternoon silence
A Jane’s huge TV
B Kim’s new pet dog
C Loud beeps from the truck
D The music from Jane’s house
25 Who is Cupcake
A Jane’s dog B Kim’s cat C Kim’s little sister D Jane’s mum
26 Kim thought the rest of the summer wouldn’t be boring because ________
A Jane could play the piano with her
B her mum allowed her to keep a pet
C she had a nice neighbour to play with
D Jane gave Cupcake to her as a present
答案24 C 25 A 26 C
解析
分析文讲述事金认夏天聊突然天搬新邻居金通交谈发现新邻居狗友起玩剩夏天会聊
24题详解
细节理解题根第段 Suddenly loud beeps warning that a truck is backing up broke the afternoon silence知辆卡车正倒车警告哔哔声破午寂静选C
25题详解
细节理解题根文中A large dog crawled out from under the truck and then stood up and shook itselfI see you’ve met Cupcake’ said a girl she had never met before I’m Jane’知CupcakeJane狗选A
26题详解
细节理解题根文中三段Jane邻居交谈知Kim认Jane狗友起玩剩夏天会聊选C
C
In April 1961 Yuri Gagarin became the first man to travel in space On July 20 1969 Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the Moon Some people believe the next step is for humans to visit Mars There’s no doubt that the first person to walk on Mars will become as famous as Gagarin or Armstrong and many astronauts would love the opportunity But what is space travel really like for the astronauts
Many astronauts suffer (承受) physical problems even if they are in space for just a few months Some of these problems are shortlived others may be longlasting More than twothirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while traveling in space In space the body cannot tell up from down The body sends confusing signals to the brain which can result in feeling sick for a few days The amount of blood and water in the body also ends up being sent differently More blood and water end up in the face neck and chest resulting in a puffy (肿胀) face and an enlarged heart
For the duration of their task astronauts experience conditions that influence their health For example their bones get weaker Being in a weightless environment means that astronauts do not use the muscles (肌肉) so their muscles gradually get weaker This along with the change of blood to the upper body and the resulting loss of important minerals (矿物质) causes bones to weaken As a result many astronauts are unable to walk properly for a few days upon their return to Earth In addition they are exposed to radiation (辐射) from the sun This puts them at a higher risk of serious illness
In addition to physical difficulties astronauts who travel for long periods may also suffer from psychological stress Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship For example a roundtrip journey to Mars could take about three years Being confined in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy
Astronauts – especially those who achieved important firsts such as Gagarin and Armstrong – are often seen as exciting adventurers This may be right but it’s also worth remembering the efforts they make to explore our universe
27 According to Paragraph 2 what physical problem do astronauts suffer
A Their hearts send weakened signals to their bodies
B They may feel sick because of confusing signals
C They may live shorter after travelling in space
D Their brains often get less blood and water
28 What can cause astronauts’ bones to weaken
A Less proper walks upon their return to Earth
B More radiation from the sun hurting the bones
C Weaker muscles and loss of important minerals
D Puffy faces necks and enlarged hearts and brains
29 The word confined in Paragraph 4 probably means ________
A kept B trained C allowed D served
30 What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A To encourage people to be the first ones to visit Mars
B To question whether humans are able to go to Mars soon
C To discuss what is the best health care for astronauts in space
D To remind us of the price astronauts pay for exploring universe
答案27 B 28 C 29 A 30 D
解析
短文介绍宇航员说太空旅行底什样子告诉宇航员探索宇宙付出代价记住探索宇宙做努力
27题详解
细节理解题根More than twothirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while traveling in space … More blood and water end up in the face neck and chest resulting in a puffy face and an enlarged heart 知太空中体法分辨身体会脑发送混乱信号会导致天适选B
28题详解
细节理解题根Being in a weightless environment means that astronauts do not use the muscles so their muscles gradually get weaker This along with the change of blood to the upper body and the resulting loss of important minerals causes bones to weaken知宇航员失重环境意味着肌肉肌肉逐渐变弱加血液半身变化产生损失重矿物质骨骼变弱选C
29题详解
词句猜测题根 Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy宇宙飞船狭方推知应该直狭空间里长时间健康being confined局限being kept保持相应选A
30题详解
旨意题根段Astronauts – especially those who achieved important firsts such as Gagarin and Armstrong – are often seen as exciting adventurers This may be right but it’s also worth remembering the efforts they make to explore our universe知短文想告诉宇航员探索宇宙付出代价记住探索宇宙做努力选D
D
It is easy to forget that public education is relatively new Even in the US which has a relatively developed education system public schools only became common in the early 19th century Before that while the rich were able to get private teachers for their children most education of children took place within the family and the community Some people are now going back to teaching children themselves
At one time homeschooling was for students who had behavioral or learning difficulties Today there are many arguments for educating one’s children at home Some of it starts from dissatisfaction with the normal education system In many schools one teacher is responsible for 30 or 40 students children are often deprived (剥夺) of the attention they need
Many psychologists (心理学家) see the home as the most natural learning environment since it is supportive Parents who homeschool say they can keep an eye on their children’s education more closely Children can also choose what and when to study so they can learn according to their own timetable The many educational resources on the Internet can also be used Supporters of homeschooling point out that homeschooled children do just as well as or better than those who are classroomtaught
However critics of homeschooling say that children miss out on learning important social skills because they have little interaction with their peers (龄) This might have a bad effect on them later in life when they go to university or start work Critics have also raised concerns about whether parents are able to educate their children properly Many of these parents are short of teacher training and may not be uptodate on all the subjects taught in schools
In the US with an increasing number of parents taking their children out of class schools are looking for ways to restore parents’ confidence in the public education system Some American high schools have opened their doors to homeschoolers on a parttime basis allowing these children to attend classes once or twice a week or to take part in activities such as playing football or dancing This enables homeschooled children to enjoy the extra benefits of peer interaction and involvement in sport or clubs
Whatever the arguments for or against homeschooling is growing in some countries There are now websites and support groups that enable parents to learn more about educating their children Homeschooling is now taken as an accepted choice to the public education system
31 According to the passage what can we learn about homeschooling
A Homeschooled children have fewer learning difficulties
B Homeschooling offers enough teacher training to parents
C Homeschooled children are better prepared for university
D Homeschooling has a longer history than public education
32 What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A Parents’ confidence in the public education system is restored
B Homeschooled children should get involved in sports and clubs
C Schools are trying to change since homeschoolers are increasing
D Homeschooled children are required to have some classes in schools
33 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A The benefits of homeschooling B The development of homeschooling
C Homeschooling The power of love D Homeschooling A better way to learn
答案31 D 32 C 33 D
解析
分析文介绍家庭学校争法
31题详解
推理判断题根Before that while the rich were able to get private teachers for their children most education of children took place within the family and the community知公教育出现十九世纪早期前果教育孩子家庭教育家庭教育公教育早选D
32题详解
旨意题根In the US with an increasing number of parents taking their children out of class schools are looking for ways to restore parents’ confidence in the public education system 知家学越越学校正努力改变重新树立公教育系统信心允许家庭教育孩子周学校两次课参加体育舞蹈学等等选C
33题详解
标题纳题根Whatever the arguments for or against homeschooling is growing in some countriesHomeschooling is now taken as an accepted choice to the public education system知文介绍家庭学校否更学方法选D
2020年北京市石景山区中考模英语试题
三阅读理解
阅读面四篇短文根短文容短文题 ABCD 四选项中选择佳选项
A
Who do you admire most
Jackie 14 Sofia Marconi my friend Bia’s mum is probably the most amazing person I know She is also very brave She is a wildlife photographer and she travels to some of the most dangerous places on Earth to take photos of the world’s most endangered animals
Jacob 16 One of my heroes is Mr Donaldson our great music teacher He is so creative and finds different ways to get us interested in his lessons He is also a really amazing guitar player He is in a band I’m sure they are going to be famous one day But I hope it doesn’t happen soon I don’t want to lose my teacher
Alex 15 The person I admire more than anyone is my grandmother Gwen She is 78 and looks just amazing Many people think she is my mother when they see us together She is one of the nicest people I know She always sees the good in other people She still does volunteer work for a children’s charity (慈善机构) in India
Oliver 17 The greatest person I know is my uncle Jack I admire him not only because he is a brave policeman but also because he tries his best to look after my aunt who is in a wheelchair and their kids Life is hard But I have never heard him complain He’s always so cheerful with a huge smile on his face
21 Who does Jackie admire most （ ）
A His music teacher B His mother
C His friend’s mother D His uncle
22 What does Mr Donaldson do （ ）
A He is a charity worker B He is a teacher
C He is a wildlife photographer D He is a policeman
23 Alex admires Gwen because ______ （ ）
A she protects wild animals B she never complains
C she is a nice person D she is very creative
答案21 C 22 B 23 C
解析
文阐述学谈敬佩象出理
21题详解
细节理解题根文中第段 Sofia Marconi my friend Bia’s mum is probably the most amazing person I know索菲亚·马尼朋友娅妈妈认识令惊奇出Jackie夸赞朋友妈妈推断出欣赏朋友妈妈选C
22题详解
细节理解题根文中第二段One of my heroes is Mr Donaldson our great music teacher 英雄Donaldson先生伟音乐老师中出MrDonaldson位老师选B
23题详解
细节理解题根文中第三段She is one of the nicest people I know认识中友中发现Alex欣赏祖母GwenGwen非常友选C
B
The Day People Started Talking
My journey home from school is nothing special I usually find a seat and start reading or texting my friends making sure like everyone else not to look at other people Then twenty minutes later I get off
But last Tuesday was different I was happily looking out of the window when the train suddenly stopped This wasn’t usual Then after about five minutes I noticed people were starting to get a bit upset Fifteen minutes later people started getting more and more upset Then the announcement (广播) came We are sorry to announce that this train is delayed A train has broken down in front of us
There was a loud groan (叹息) throughout the carriage but soon something unexpected happened all the complete strangers started talking to each other At first everyone just complained about the trains but then people started talking about real things I started chatting to a couple of young tourists sitting opposite me Next I really surprised myself by talking to a businesswoman Business people are a lot cooler than I thought Then I decided to get up and go for a walk down the train I met a woman who had been a student at my school seven years before
People offered each other food and drink A young woman took her guitar and soon we were singing along While we were singing we heard there was a sick boy in another part of the train who needed help and the woman from my school jumped into action It turned out she was a nurse and when she came back she was welcomed as a hero
Then after two and a half hours we started moving again Everyone cheered and some people complete strangers three hours before even hugged
I took the train again on Wednesday but none of my new friends were there Although people were polite they weren’t nearly as friendly as the people the day before had been I’ll never forget the day the train stopped and people started talking
24 What happened after the announcement （ ）
A People got upset and started texting their friends
B The children started playing with their phones
C The workers started offering food and drink
D People started talking to each other
25 The woman from the writer’s school jumped into action to ______ （ ）
A play the guitar and sing
B help a sick boy on the train
C go for a walk down the train
D get off and take another train
26 The writer will never forget last Tuesday because ______ （ ）
A strangers on the train were friendly to each other
B a nurse saved a boy’s life on the train just in time
C he learned something new about business people
D it was a good opportunity to make new friends
答案24 D 25 B 26 A
解析
文讲述作者坐辆火车火车前面辆火车出障延时时火车陌生间开始交流起开始坐旁边陌生老学交流起车气氛慢慢前冷清变成热闹
24题详解
细节理解题根第三段There was a loud groan (叹息) throughout the carriage but soon something unexpected happened all the complete strangers started talking to each other 整车厢里传声响亮叹息声久发生意想事情：完全陌生开始互相交谈中出广播发出车里陌生开始交流起选D
25题详解
推理判断题根第四段we heard there was a sick boy in another part of the train who needed help and the woman from my school jumped into action It turned out she was a nurse and when she came back she was welcomed as a hero听说火车方生病男孩需帮助学校女起行动 原护士回时受欢迎 中推断出学校女护士帮助生病男孩选B
26题详解
细节理解题根文中段Although people were polite they weren’t nearly as friendly as the people the day before had been I’ll never forget the day the train stopped and people started talking然礼貌会天更加友 永远会忘记火车停开始交谈天中推断出作者永远忘天陌生间非常友选A
C
Have you ever had a problem you couldn’t solve Maybe you went to a shop to look for a solution but came home emptyhanded More and more when this situation appears people are creating their own devices (设备) as the solution It’s all part of the Maker Movement made up of thousands of resourceful people who make and fix things rather than buy them in shops Makers do all kinds of handson projects from building pizza oven (烤箱) to designing their own drones For makers the doityourself way is more affordable green and satisfying
Thanks to technology it’s easier than ever to turn a thought into reality Many makers use the same tools just in different ways For example Arduino allows people to do anything from creating a talking clock to studying DNA with very easytouse and free hardware (硬件) and software Raspberry Pi is another popular maker tool It is a low cost bankcard sized computer drone that connects to computers or TVs and uses a standard keyboard and mouse It is a little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing This minicomputer is as powerful as some fullsized computers People are using Raspberry Pi for a wide variety of uses from creating video games to powering robots
Another key piece of technology for makers are 3D printers which allow a normal person to create just about anything You can even use a 3D printer to build your own 3D printer
The availability of these technologies encourages people to be creative but technology is only one part of the Maker Movement Collaboration – whether online or in person – is just as important This is clear from the growing popularity of Maker Faires events where people come together to experiment in the areas of art science engineering and technology
So do you have what it takes to become a maker You need to be creative and willing to play around with some new technologies You should also want to share your ideas with others Perhaps most importantly you can’t be afraid of failure Creators hardly ever get it right on the first try Be brave be creative be cooperative and have fun
27 What can we infer from Paragraph 2 （ ）
A Raspberry Pi helps realise makers’ ideas more easily than before
B Fullsized computers are much more powerful than Arduino
C People can communicate with their clocks through Arduino
D Many free video games can be created with Raspberry Pi
28 The word collaboration in Paragraph 4 probably means ______ （ ）
A creating solutions B growing quickly
C doing experiments D working together
29 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage （ ）
A Various ToolsUsing B Creative ProblemSolving
C Development of New Technology D Inventions with Hightech Devices
答案27 A 28 D 29 B
解析
短文讲述什创客运动什越越受欢迎成创造者
27题详解
细节理解题通读第二段第二段讲述科技发展想法变成现实时候容易中创造者工具Raspberry Pi选A
28题详解
词句猜测题A creating solutions创建解决方案B growing quickly成长迅速C doing experiments做实验D working together起工作根第四段This is clear from the growing popularity of Maker Faires events where people come together to experiment in the areas of art science engineering and technology点创客会(Maker Faires)日益流行中明显出创客会种聚起艺术科学工程技术领域进行实验活动应该起工作意思选D
29题详解
佳标题通读全文文章讲述什创客运动什越越受欢迎成创造者A Various ToolsUsing种工具B Creative ProblemSolving创造性解决问题C Development of New Technology新技术发展D Inventions with Hightech Devices具高科技设备发明选项B文章意关联选B
D
The Stressedout Generation
Each generation has its own set of values and characters but one thing common to all generations is that they are suffering (遭受) from stress In a recent survey by the American Psychological Association (APA) all age groups now report higher levels of stress than in the past However survey results show that stress levels for Millennials (born roughly between 1981 and 2004) are clearly above average (均值) So what’s worrying the Millennials
Millennials are the first generation to grow up with computers in the home and the classroom They are receiving information from everywhere all the time because of the rise of modern technology and social media Over time this information overload can become too much to handle and can result in continual stress which in turn can cause serious physical and emotional problems Another cause according to writer Michael D Hais is that many Millennials have lived easy lives because of overprotective parents These young adults are short of problemsolving skills and may have trouble dealing with fear of failure once they leave home
However the survey results may be a bit misleading as they don’t take into account public attitudes toward stress and mental illness Ronald Kessler of Harvard Medical School points out that changes in social attitudes have helped lessen the shame related to mental illness over the years For example the creation of healthrelated television programming and specialty magazines such as Psychology Today has drawn people’s attention to mental health problems It’s possible that younger people now are more willing to admit (承认) to being stressed than in the past
Despite the high levels of stress reported by Millennials in the APA survey there is reason for happiness Many happiness and wellbeing surveys show that happiness generally increases as people grow older As Millennials get more life experience and develop better problemsolving skills over time they should become better at dealing with stress
Moreover with deeper understanding of mental health issues today the shame related to seeing a psychologist (心理医生) has lessened This means that people are more likely to look
for professional help to lower their stress levels There are now many kinds of stress management skills such as exercise and meditation (冥想) Millennials must develop these skills to deal with stress in order to be productive members of their community Once they do they will be able to look back with satisfaction on the world they helped create
30 What does the survey by APA show （ ）
A Millennials are more stressed than most generations
B Millennials are worried about their own characters
C It’s normal for many Millennials to feel stressed
D Stress levels differ because of different values
31 What is Paragraph 2 mainly about （ ）
A The problems caused by Millennials’ overprotective parents
B The results of receiving a great amount of information
C The ways Millennials deal with modern technology
D The causes of Millennials suffering more stress
32 According to the passage what are people like today compared to the past （ ）
A They are more likely to become psychologists
B They are more talented in using modern technology
C They are more willing to look for professional help with stress
D They are more independent and have good problemsolving skills
33 What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage （ ）
A To draw parents’ attention to Millennials’ emotional problems
B To remind us of the importance of getting more life experience
C To offer some right ways of developing problemsolving skills
D To encourage Millennials to deal with stress in proper ways
答案30 A 31 D 32 C 33 D
解析
文章讲述千禧代压力代压力描述压力原应该正确处理压力
30题详解
细节理解题根第段However survey results show that stress levels for Millennials (born roughly between 1981 and 2004) are clearly above average (均值) So what’s worrying the Millennials然调查结果显示千禧代(约出生1981年2004年间)压力水明显高均水千禧代担心什呢知千禧代代压力更选A
31题详解
段落意题根第二段段落分析千禧代压力原时代科技发展父母度保护选D
32题详解
细节理解题根第五段the shame related to seeing a psychologist (心理医生) has lessened This means that people are more likely to look for professional help to lower their stress levels心理医生羞耻感减少意味着更倾寻求专业帮助降低压力水选C
33题详解
旨意题通读全文文章讲述千禧代压力代压力描述压力原应该正确处理压力选D
2019年北京市石景山区学期初中九年级统练暨毕业考试（模）英语试卷
三阅读理解
阅读面四篇短文根短文容短文题ABCD四选项中选择佳选项
A
Top Four Unusual Shops
Senbikiya
If you are looking for something perfect come to Senbikiya in Tokyo Japan You buy fruitperfect and very expensive fruit There are apples for 25 each and 12 strawberries for82 Yes it＇s expensive but it＇s popular
Beacon ＇s Closet
Are you looking for something old… something other people don’t want any more Then Beacon＇s Closet in New York USA is the place for you People bring clothes they don＇t want and other people buy them These secondhand clothes are of good quality and cheap
The Old Curiosity Shop
Sometimes the building is what makes your shopping experience special for exampleThe Old Curiosity Shop in London England It is a tiny old shop which Charles Dickens wrote about in 1841 There are lots of big modern buildings around it It is now a shoe shop
El Ateneo Grand Splendid
From a tiny building to a huge one the famous bookshop El Ateneo Grand Splendid in Buenos Aires Argentina In 1919 the building opened as a theatre but in February 2000 it became one of the biggestand most beautiful bookshops in the world
21 What can you buy in Senbikiya
A Shoes B Clothes C Books D Fruit
22 Beacon＇s Closet is in_____________
A Buenos Aires B New York C London D Tokyo
23 Which shop did Charles Dickens write about
A Senbikiya B Beacon＇s Closet
C The Old Curiosity Shop D El Ateneo Grand Splendid
答案21 D 22 B 23 C
解析
文介绍四寻常商店：日东京森基亚水果店美国纽约灯塔衣橱店英国伦敦老古玩店鞋店阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯著名书店雅典书店
21题详解
细节理解题根表格森基亚店（Senbikiya）第23句You buy fruitperfect and very expensive fruit（买完美水果贵水果）There are apples for 25 each and 12 strawberries for82（苹果25美元草莓1282美元）知森基亚（Senbikiya）商店买水果选D
22题详解
细节理解题根表格二灯塔衣橱（Beacon＇s Closet）第2句Then Beacon＇s Closet in New York USA is the place for you（美国纽约灯塔衣橱家）知灯塔衣橱（Beacon＇s Closet）纽约选B
23题详解
细节理解题根表格三The Old Curiosity Shop（老古玩店）第12句Sometimes the building is what makes your shopping experience special for example The Old Curiosity Shop in London England It is a tiny old shop which Charles Dickens wrote about in 1841（时候座建筑会购物体验众例英国伦敦古玩店查尔斯·狄更斯1841年写家店）知查尔斯·狄更斯写篇关古玩店文章选C
B
The Life of Jane Goodall
On the morning of July 14 1960 Jane Goodall arrived at Lake Tanganyika in the Gombe National Park Then around 5 p m Jane went into the forest to find her first chimpanzee
As a young woman Jane Goodall was following her childhood dream of studying chimpanzees in Africa After many months of difficult work she made three important discoveries chimpanzees ate meat they used tools to get food and they also made tools
Every evening Jane wrote her findings in her journal She began to publish articles in magazines After a while Jane was accepted by a university Her work was also making her famous There was a documentary (纪录片)filmMiss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees (1963) and then My Friends the Wild Chimpanzees (1969) the first of many books During the 1970s Gombe became a dangerous place to work It is on the border of four different countries and there was fighting among them Many foreigners left but Jane stayed to continue her workand noted that chimpanzees could also be violent
A different problem developed in Gombe in the 1980s The forests were getting smaller and there was no enough space for chimpanzees because of the increasing human populationAs a result there were only about a hundred chimpanzees living in Gombe by t the end of the1980s Jane realized something had to be done so she made a plan with the local community to grow more trees
At the beginning of the 1990s Jane left Gombe She set up sanctuaries (庇护)for chimpanzees which had been caught because of the trade in chimpanzee meat She also started giving speeches She has very little spare time but still spends part of every year in the forest in Gombe watching her chimpanzees
24 What was Jane＇s childhood dream
A To explore forests in Africa
B To make a documentary film
C To write books about animals
D To study chimpanzees in Africa
25 What did Jane do in the 1970s
A She continued to work in Gombe
B She went to study in a university
C She found her first chimpanzee
D She published her first book
26 What plan did Jane make to help chimpanzees in1980s
A To grow more trees B To do more studies
C To stop the fighting D To set up sanctuaries
答案24 D 25 A 26 A
解析
分析
文介绍非洲贡贝研究黑猩猩简·古道尔非洲研究黑猩猩简．古道尔时梦想1960年7月14日午简·古道尔抵达贡贝国家公园月艰苦工作发现三重发现：黑猩猩吃肉工具获取食物制造工具天晚简发现写日记里久杂志发表文章拍纪录片写书20世纪70年代贡贝爆发突简然继续工作20世纪80年代贡贝类数量增加森林变越越威胁黑猩猩生存简帮助黑猩猩制定种更树计划世纪90年代初简离开贡贝黑猩猩设立庇护开始演讲没空闲时间年贡贝森林里黑猩猩
24题详解
细节理解题根第2段第1句As a young woman Jane Goodall was following her childhood dream of studying chimpanzees in Africa（作年轻女简．古道尔直追寻时非洲研究黑猩猩梦想）知简童年梦想非洲研究黑猩猩选D
25题详解
细节理解题根第3段第57句During the 1970s Gombe became a dangerous place to work …… Many foreigners left but Jane stayed to continue her workand noted that chimpanzees could also be violent（20世纪70年代贡贝成危险工作场四国家边界间发生突许外国离开简留继续工作指出黑猩猩暴力）知简20世纪70年代继续贡贝工作选A
26题详解
细节理解题根第4段句Jane realized something had to be done so she made a plan with the local community to grow more trees（简意识必须做什社区制定计划种植更树木）知世纪80年代简帮助黑猩猩制定种更树计划选A
点睛阅读理解体现学生英语力题型分值较高通解题方法掌握提升解答阅读理解题技巧学生关心问题初中阅读理解般考查学生细节理解力旨理解力推理判断力做阅读理解题首先准确理解题意然根题意根短文容做出正确答案（1）考查细节理解力类型题较简单准确理解题意直接文中找出答案（2）考查猜词力做种题型时根文意思准确猜出词意3）考查推理判断力类题型较难准确理解题意文中找出相关容做出合理推断（4）考查旨理解题类题型需通读全文整体握根文容选择合适选项
C
It＇s no secret that laughter works wonders for us And much research has been carried out into the good that laughter can do for our general health and wellbeing It has been found to release endorphins (释放安芬) our bodies’naturalfeelgoodchemicals into our blood But as we grow older we are more likely to find fewer things funny A child will laugh on average 300 times a day By the time we reach adulthood this number is around 20 But what＇s behind this One theory(理) suggests that it＇s not a problem of us losing our sense of humor but rather as we grow older we＇re socially conditioned to take things a bit more seriously
Laughter is very much something we do with others Studies have shown that we are 30 times more likely to find something funny when we are with others than when we are by ourselves But to laugh with others we do need to feel a connection to them We need to feel comfortable in their company That＇s why it can be difficult to laugh in the presence of strangers Laughter is also very contagious and one person＇s laugh can spread quickly throughout a group of people But often what makes us join in is the fear of standing out and being different We laugh even if we don＇ t really get the joke especially in groups controlled by a powerful person When the head teacher tells a joke for example you laugh even though later you might wonder if the joke was really that funny at all
There are many different reasons why we laugh Here are three widely accepted theories
The Incongruity Theory It＇s often the unexpected that makes us laugh When things that we are familiar with suddenly take a turn into the unknown our expectations are challenged and that often results in laughter
The Superiority Theory We often find the mistakes and misfortunes of others funny This would explain the popularity of online videos showing pranks (恶作剧)
The Relief TheoryLaugh offers light relief It explains why there are so many jokes about the darker things in life By being able to laugh at them we are able to face them more easily
27 According to the theory in Paragraph 1 why do we laugh less as we grow older
A There are fewer funny things
B We take things more seriously
C Our body releases less endorphins
D We gradually lose our sense of humor
28 What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A More funny things happen when we are with others
B It＇s difficult to build up connections with strangers
C We laugh sometimes because of social needs
D Powerful people are more likely to be funny
29 What is the passage mainly about
A The science of laughter
B the power of laughter
C The sign of laughter
D The art of laughter
答案27 B 28 C 29 A
解析
文谈笑笑处释放安芬身体天然感觉良化学物质进入血液着年龄增长发现趣事情越越少原更加认真事情笑相处种方式笑原种三种理：协调理优越解脱理
27题详解
细节理解题根第段句One theory(理) suggests that it＇s not a problem of us losing our sense of humor but rather as we grow older we＇re socially conditioned to take things a bit more seriously（种理认失幽默感问题着年龄增长社会惯更加认真事情）知长笑少原更认真事情选B
28题详解
旨理解题第2段第句Laughter is very much something we do with others（笑相处种方式）段题句段容根段容题句知时社会需笑选C
29题详解
旨理解题文谈笑处原着年龄增长笑次数减少原笑原根文容知篇文章关笑科学选A
D
Upcycling is the process of changing old materials into something useful and often beautiful
So is it the same as recycling No Recycling takes materialspaper or glassand breaks them down so their base materials can be remade into a new product When you upcycle an item(物品) you are not breaking down the material
you are simply refashioning it For example you might make shoes out of old tyres Also the upcycled item is typically of the same or even better quality(质量) than the original
Upcycling isn’t a new idea Some of the best examples of modernday upcycling come from the 1930s to 1940s when families didn’t have enough materials In those days things were repurposed over and over until there were no longer useful For example an old door can be made into a new dining table Economising(节约) is still a trend(趋势) today and a big reason why more and more people upcycle But an even bigger reason for the rebirth of upcycling is its good influence on the environment
Upcycling is green The plain and simple fact of the matter is that upcycling is much better for the planet than throwing things away When you upcycle that＇s one item less that ends upon the waste mountain Upcycling is also considerably more environmentally friendly than recycling which needs energy or water to break down materials Upcycling just needs your own creativity and effort
Grace Robinson from the UK takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses shoes and even hats Every day she drinks some tea and then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them When they are dry she takes the tea out and sews the bags together to make clothes This can take a long time maybe months for a single dress so Grace gets friends to help her by drinking tea too and passing their tea bags on to her
There are two ways to support the upcycling movement Sort(分类)through your wardrobe or recycling bin and create items yourself or buy readymade items from upcycled materials Both ways benefit the environment and in return you get something that’s both attractive and practical
30 We can learn from the passage that upcycling ___________
A can improve the quality of items
B needs more energy than recycling
C needs to break down base materials
D produces more waste than recycling
31 The underlined wordrefashioningin Paragraph 2 probably means ___________
A giving a new form B giving a simple name
C making a perfect copy D making a different model
32 The writer probably agrees that ___________
A it is better to make clothes with used tea bags
B upcycling is much greener than recycling
C it is necessary to help others to upcycle
D people need to be more creative
33 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A Get started to recycle today
B A modern trend upcycling
C Is it the same as recycling
D To recycle or to upcycle
答案30 A 31 A 32 B 33 B
解析
文介绍升级回收升级回收旧材料转变成通常漂亮东西程回收利样升级回收重新改造升级回收通常原物具相甚更质量事物断重新调整途直节约然种趋势越越开始升级回收重原升级回收回收利更环保介绍两种升级回收方法
30题详解
细节理解题根第3段第3句Also the upcycled item is typically of the same or even better quality(质量) than the original（升级回收物品通常原始物品具相甚更质量）知文章中解升级回收提高物品质量选A
31题详解
词义猜测题A giving a new form出种新形式B giving a simple name出简单名称C making a perfect copy制作完美复制品D making a different model制作模型根文For example you might make shoes out of old tyres（例旧轮胎制鞋）知句you are simply refashioning it句意正改造根句意知refashioning意思出种新形式改造选A
32题详解
细节理解题根第5段第3句Upcycling is also considerably more environmentally friendly than recycling which needs energy or water to break down materials（升级回收回收利更环保回收利需源水分解材料）知作者意升级回收回收利更环保选B
33题详解
旨理解题文介绍升级回收升级回收回收利样升级回收重新改造升级回收通常原物具相甚更质量节约然种潮流越越开始升级回收升级回收回收利更环保介绍两种升级回收方法根文容知文佳标题现代潮流：升级回收选B
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20192021年三年中考模英语试题汇编
阅读理解专题（解析版）
2021年北京市石景山区中考模英语试题
三阅读理解（26分题2分）
阅读面四篇短文根短文容短文题ABCD四选项中选择佳选项
A
Crazy things that parents say to their kids
Do you remember things that your mum and dad said again and again when you were a kid
Julia
Of course I always liked doing dangerous things – you know climbing trees and things And my dad said If you fall you’ll break your leg And he always added And when you break your leg don’t come running to me for help I didn’t understand the joke for years
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
Pete
Oh of course My little brother and me we loved TV and we sat and watched it for hours every day And my mum always said If you watch TV all the time you’ll get square eyes Well we watched a lot of TV and our eyes are still normal Haha
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
Susie
You reminded me Pete My dad always said If you eat all your carrots you’ll see in the dark I really like carrots – I ate them when I was a kid and I eat them now – but I still can’t see in the dark
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
Mike
If I was angry or upset I always made a face and my mum said If you go on making that face the wind will change and your face will stay like that forever That’s the only one I remember – but as soon as I think of others I’ll send them to you
LIKE COMMENT SHARE
21 What did Julia like doing when she was a kid
A Watching TV B Making a face
C Eating carrots D Climbing trees
22 Why did Pete’s mum talk about square eyes
A She didn’t want Pete to do dangerous things
B She didn’t want Pete to watch too much TV
C She liked Pete’s funny faces very much
D She wanted Pete to eat more carrots
23 Which of the following picture describes Susie’s story best
A B C D
答案21 D 22 B 23 B
解析
分析文回忆方式介绍时候爸爸妈妈反复说话
21题详解
细节理解题根I always liked doing dangerous things–you know climbing trees and things知朱莉娅时候喜欢爬树选D
22题详解
推理判断题根And my mum always said If you watch TV all the time you’ll get square eyes Well we watched a lot of TV and our eyes are still normal推知想皮特太电视选B
23题详解
细节理解题根My dad always said If you eat all your carrots you’ll see in the dark爸爸总说：果胡萝卜吃会黑暗中知爸爸女话图片中应该出现父女胡萝卜选项B符合选B
B
A day in the life
Well finally something is happening Kim thought So far it had been the most boring summer ever Suddenly loud beeps (哔哔声) warning that a truck is backing up broke the afternoon silence Kim walked over to the bushes (灌木) that separated her house from the one next door
I hope the new neighbours are cool she thought as she looked at the stacks of boxes outside the truck Let’s see Lots of boxes That one says Kitchen stuff and that one says Jane’s stuff Wow what a huge TV Oh a piano Hmm I wonder who Jane is And look at that a water bowl with the name Cupcake on it
Maybe they have a cat thought Kim She stepped around the bushes to get a better look Here Cupcake Come here girl she called She poured some of her water into the bowl and called again Here Cupcake Come on out girl
Kim heard something move A large dog crawled (爬) out from under the truck and then stood up and shook itself Well look at you Kim said You are not a little girl are you But you look so sweet Are you thirsty Here have some water
It was after the dog had finished the water and was happily licking (舔) Kim’s hand that she looked up
I see you’ve met Cupcake said a girl she had never met before I’m Jane
They had hardly started talking when Kim heard her mum shouting Be careful with the dog Kim Get over here right now
Mum Kim said Relax She’s so friendly and sweet Her name is Cupcake
I don’t care what its name is Come home now
Kim looked at Jane and then looked down her feet not sure of what to say next
Go ahead Jane said We can talk later And maybe you can show me how to get to school
Sure Jane I’d like that And maybe we can take Cupcake for a walk
Well Kim thought as she returned home Maybe the rest of the summer won’t be boring after all
24 What broke the afternoon silence
A Jane’s huge TV
B Kim’s new pet dog
C Loud beeps from the truck
D The music from Jane’s house
25 Who is Cupcake
A Jane’s dog B Kim’s cat C Kim’s little sister D Jane’s mum
26 Kim thought the rest of the summer wouldn’t be boring because ________
A Jane could play the piano with her
B her mum allowed her to keep a pet
C she had a nice neighbour to play with
D Jane gave Cupcake to her as a present
答案24 C 25 A 26 C
解析
分析文讲述事金认夏天聊突然天搬新邻居金通交谈发现新邻居狗友起玩剩夏天会聊
24题详解
细节理解题根第段 Suddenly loud beeps warning that a truck is backing up broke the afternoon silence知辆卡车正倒车警告哔哔声破午寂静选C
25题详解
细节理解题根文中A large dog crawled out from under the truck and then stood up and shook itselfI see you’ve met Cupcake’ said a girl she had never met before I’m Jane’知CupcakeJane狗选A
26题详解
细节理解题根文中三段Jane邻居交谈知Kim认Jane狗友起玩剩夏天会聊选C
C
In April 1961 Yuri Gagarin became the first man to travel in space On July 20 1969 Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the Moon Some people believe the next step is for humans to visit Mars There’s no doubt that the first person to walk on Mars will become as famous as Gagarin or Armstrong and many astronauts would love the opportunity But what is space travel really like for the astronauts
Many astronauts suffer (承受) physical problems even if they are in space for just a few months Some of these problems are shortlived others may be longlasting More than twothirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while traveling in space In space the body cannot tell up from down The body sends confusing signals to the brain which can result in feeling sick for a few days The amount of blood and water in the body also ends up being sent differently More blood and water end up in the face neck and chest resulting in a puffy (肿胀) face and an enlarged heart
For the duration of their task astronauts experience conditions that influence their health For example their bones get weaker Being in a weightless environment means that astronauts do not use the muscles (肌肉) so their muscles gradually get weaker This along with the change of blood to the upper body and the resulting loss of important minerals (矿物质) causes bones to weaken As a result many astronauts are unable to walk properly for a few days upon their return to Earth In addition they are exposed to radiation (辐射) from the sun This puts them at a higher risk of serious illness
In addition to physical difficulties astronauts who travel for long periods may also suffer from psychological stress Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship For example a roundtrip journey to Mars could take about three years Being confined in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy
Astronauts – especially those who achieved important firsts such as Gagarin and Armstrong – are often seen as exciting adventurers This may be right but it’s also worth remembering the efforts they make to explore our universe
27 According to Paragraph 2 what physical problem do astronauts suffer
A Their hearts send weakened signals to their bodies
B They may feel sick because of confusing signals
C They may live shorter after travelling in space
D Their brains often get less blood and water
28 What can cause astronauts’ bones to weaken
A Less proper walks upon their return to Earth
B More radiation from the sun hurting the bones
C Weaker muscles and loss of important minerals
D Puffy faces necks and enlarged hearts and brains
29 The word confined in Paragraph 4 probably means ________
A kept B trained C allowed D served
30 What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A To encourage people to be the first ones to visit Mars
B To question whether humans are able to go to Mars soon
C To discuss what is the best health care for astronauts in space
D To remind us of the price astronauts pay for exploring universe
答案27 B 28 C 29 A 30 D
解析
短文介绍宇航员说太空旅行底什样子告诉宇航员探索宇宙付出代价记住探索宇宙做努力
27题详解
细节理解题根More than twothirds of all astronauts suffer from motion sickness while traveling in space … More blood and water end up in the face neck and chest resulting in a puffy face and an enlarged heart 知太空中体法分辨身体会脑发送混乱信号会导致天适选B
28题详解
细节理解题根Being in a weightless environment means that astronauts do not use the muscles so their muscles gradually get weaker This along with the change of blood to the upper body and the resulting loss of important minerals causes bones to weaken知宇航员失重环境意味着肌肉肌肉逐渐变弱加血液半身变化产生损失重矿物质骨骼变弱选C
29题详解
词句猜测题根 Long journeys require astronauts to spend more time inside a spaceship in a small space for such a long period of time is not healthy宇宙飞船狭方推知应该直狭空间里长时间健康being confined局限being kept保持相应选A
30题详解
旨意题根段Astronauts – especially those who achieved important firsts such as Gagarin and Armstrong – are often seen as exciting adventurers This may be right but it’s also worth remembering the efforts they make to explore our universe知短文想告诉宇航员探索宇宙付出代价记住探索宇宙做努力选D
D
It is easy to forget that public education is relatively new Even in the US which has a relatively developed education system public schools only became common in the early 19th century Before that while the rich were able to get private teachers for their children most education of children took place within the family and the community Some people are now going back to teaching children themselves
At one time homeschooling was for students who had behavioral or learning difficulties Today there are many arguments for educating one’s children at home Some of it starts from dissatisfaction with the normal education system In many schools one teacher is responsible for 30 or 40 students children are often deprived (剥夺) of the attention they need
Many psychologists (心理学家) see the home as the most natural learning environment since it is supportive Parents who homeschool say they can keep an eye on their children’s education more closely Children can also choose what and when to study so they can learn according to their own timetable The many educational resources on the Internet can also be used Supporters of homeschooling point out that homeschooled children do just as well as or better than those who are classroomtaught
However critics of homeschooling say that children miss out on learning important social skills because they have little interaction with their peers (龄) This might have a bad effect on them later in life when they go to university or start work Critics have also raised concerns about whether parents are able to educate their children properly Many of these parents are short of teacher training and may not be uptodate on all the subjects taught in schools
In the US with an increasing number of parents taking their children out of class schools are looking for ways to restore parents’ confidence in the public education system Some American high schools have opened their doors to homeschoolers on a parttime basis allowing these children to attend classes once or twice a week or to take part in activities such as playing football or dancing This enables homeschooled children to enjoy the extra benefits of peer interaction and involvement in sport or clubs
Whatever the arguments for or against homeschooling is growing in some countries There are now websites and support groups that enable parents to learn more about educating their children Homeschooling is now taken as an accepted choice to the public education system
31 According to the passage what can we learn about homeschooling
A Homeschooled children have fewer learning difficulties
B Homeschooling offers enough teacher training to parents
C Homeschooled children are better prepared for university
D Homeschooling has a longer history than public education
32 What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A Parents’ confidence in the public education system is restored
B Homeschooled children should get involved in sports and clubs
C Schools are trying to change since homeschoolers are increasing
D Homeschooled children are required to have some classes in schools
33 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A The benefits of homeschooling B The development of homeschooling
C Homeschooling The power of love D Homeschooling A better way to learn
答案31 D 32 C 33 D
解析
分析文介绍家庭学校争法
31题详解
推理判断题根Before that while the rich were able to get private teachers for their children most education of children took place within the family and the community知公教育出现十九世纪早期前果教育孩子家庭教育家庭教育公教育早选D
32题详解
旨意题根In the US with an increasing number of parents taking their children out of class schools are looking for ways to restore parents’ confidence in the public education system 知家学越越学校正努力改变重新树立公教育系统信心允许家庭教育孩子周学校两次课参加体育舞蹈学等等选C
33题详解
标题纳题根Whatever the arguments for or against homeschooling is growing in some countriesHomeschooling is now taken as an accepted choice to the public education system知文介绍家庭学校否更学方法选D
2020年北京市石景山区中考模英语试题
三阅读理解
阅读面四篇短文根短文容短文题 ABCD 四选项中选择佳选项
A
Who do you admire most
Jackie 14 Sofia Marconi my friend Bia’s mum is probably the most amazing person I know She is also very brave She is a wildlife photographer and she travels to some of the most dangerous places on Earth to take photos of the world’s most endangered animals
Jacob 16 One of my heroes is Mr Donaldson our great music teacher He is so creative and finds different ways to get us interested in his lessons He is also a really amazing guitar player He is in a band I’m sure they are going to be famous one day But I hope it doesn’t happen soon I don’t want to lose my teacher
Alex 15 The person I admire more than anyone is my grandmother Gwen She is 78 and looks just amazing Many people think she is my mother when they see us together She is one of the nicest people I know She always sees the good in other people She still does volunteer work for a children’s charity (慈善机构) in India
Oliver 17 The greatest person I know is my uncle Jack I admire him not only because he is a brave policeman but also because he tries his best to look after my aunt who is in a wheelchair and their kids Life is hard But I have never heard him complain He’s always so cheerful with a huge smile on his face
21 Who does Jackie admire most （ ）
A His music teacher B His mother
C His friend’s mother D His uncle
22 What does Mr Donaldson do （ ）
A He is a charity worker B He is a teacher
C He is a wildlife photographer D He is a policeman
23 Alex admires Gwen because ______ （ ）
A she protects wild animals B she never complains
C she is a nice person D she is very creative
答案21 C 22 B 23 C
解析
文阐述学谈敬佩象出理
21题详解
细节理解题根文中第段 Sofia Marconi my friend Bia’s mum is probably the most amazing person I know索菲亚·马尼朋友娅妈妈认识令惊奇出Jackie夸赞朋友妈妈推断出欣赏朋友妈妈选C
22题详解
细节理解题根文中第二段One of my heroes is Mr Donaldson our great music teacher 英雄Donaldson先生伟音乐老师中出MrDonaldson位老师选B
23题详解
细节理解题根文中第三段She is one of the nicest people I know认识中友中发现Alex欣赏祖母GwenGwen非常友选C
B
The Day People Started Talking
My journey home from school is nothing special I usually find a seat and start reading or texting my friends making sure like everyone else not to look at other people Then twenty minutes later I get off
But last Tuesday was different I was happily looking out of the window when the train suddenly stopped This wasn’t usual Then after about five minutes I noticed people were starting to get a bit upset Fifteen minutes later people started getting more and more upset Then the announcement (广播) came We are sorry to announce that this train is delayed A train has broken down in front of us
There was a loud groan (叹息) throughout the carriage but soon something unexpected happened all the complete strangers started talking to each other At first everyone just complained about the trains but then people started talking about real things I started chatting to a couple of young tourists sitting opposite me Next I really surprised myself by talking to a businesswoman Business people are a lot cooler than I thought Then I decided to get up and go for a walk down the train I met a woman who had been a student at my school seven years before
People offered each other food and drink A young woman took her guitar and soon we were singing along While we were singing we heard there was a sick boy in another part of the train who needed help and the woman from my school jumped into action It turned out she was a nurse and when she came back she was welcomed as a hero
Then after two and a half hours we started moving again Everyone cheered and some people complete strangers three hours before even hugged
I took the train again on Wednesday but none of my new friends were there Although people were polite they weren’t nearly as friendly as the people the day before had been I’ll never forget the day the train stopped and people started talking
24 What happened after the announcement （ ）
A People got upset and started texting their friends
B The children started playing with their phones
C The workers started offering food and drink
D People started talking to each other
25 The woman from the writer’s school jumped into action to ______ （ ）
A play the guitar and sing
B help a sick boy on the train
C go for a walk down the train
D get off and take another train
26 The writer will never forget last Tuesday because ______ （ ）
A strangers on the train were friendly to each other
B a nurse saved a boy’s life on the train just in time
C he learned something new about business people
D it was a good opportunity to make new friends
答案24 D 25 B 26 A
解析
文讲述作者坐辆火车火车前面辆火车出障延时时火车陌生间开始交流起开始坐旁边陌生老学交流起车气氛慢慢前冷清变成热闹
24题详解
细节理解题根第三段There was a loud groan (叹息) throughout the carriage but soon something unexpected happened all the complete strangers started talking to each other 整车厢里传声响亮叹息声久发生意想事情：完全陌生开始互相交谈中出广播发出车里陌生开始交流起选D
25题详解
推理判断题根第四段we heard there was a sick boy in another part of the train who needed help and the woman from my school jumped into action It turned out she was a nurse and when she came back she was welcomed as a hero听说火车方生病男孩需帮助学校女起行动 原护士回时受欢迎 中推断出学校女护士帮助生病男孩选B
26题详解
细节理解题根文中段Although people were polite they weren’t nearly as friendly as the people the day before had been I’ll never forget the day the train stopped and people started talking然礼貌会天更加友 永远会忘记火车停开始交谈天中推断出作者永远忘天陌生间非常友选A
C
Have you ever had a problem you couldn’t solve Maybe you went to a shop to look for a solution but came home emptyhanded More and more when this situation appears people are creating their own devices (设备) as the solution It’s all part of the Maker Movement made up of thousands of resourceful people who make and fix things rather than buy them in shops Makers do all kinds of handson projects from building pizza oven (烤箱) to designing their own drones For makers the doityourself way is more affordable green and satisfying
Thanks to technology it’s easier than ever to turn a thought into reality Many makers use the same tools just in different ways For example Arduino allows people to do anything from creating a talking clock to studying DNA with very easytouse and free hardware (硬件) and software Raspberry Pi is another popular maker tool It is a low cost bankcard sized computer drone that connects to computers or TVs and uses a standard keyboard and mouse It is a little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing This minicomputer is as powerful as some fullsized computers People are using Raspberry Pi for a wide variety of uses from creating video games to powering robots
Another key piece of technology for makers are 3D printers which allow a normal person to create just about anything You can even use a 3D printer to build your own 3D printer
The availability of these technologies encourages people to be creative but technology is only one part of the Maker Movement Collaboration – whether online or in person – is just as important This is clear from the growing popularity of Maker Faires events where people come together to experiment in the areas of art science engineering and technology
So do you have what it takes to become a maker You need to be creative and willing to play around with some new technologies You should also want to share your ideas with others Perhaps most importantly you can’t be afraid of failure Creators hardly ever get it right on the first try Be brave be creative be cooperative and have fun
27 What can we infer from Paragraph 2 （ ）
A Raspberry Pi helps realise makers’ ideas more easily than before
B Fullsized computers are much more powerful than Arduino
C People can communicate with their clocks through Arduino
D Many free video games can be created with Raspberry Pi
28 The word collaboration in Paragraph 4 probably means ______ （ ）
A creating solutions B growing quickly
C doing experiments D working together
29 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage （ ）
A Various ToolsUsing B Creative ProblemSolving
C Development of New Technology D Inventions with Hightech Devices
答案27 A 28 D 29 B
解析
短文讲述什创客运动什越越受欢迎成创造者
27题详解
细节理解题通读第二段第二段讲述科技发展想法变成现实时候容易中创造者工具Raspberry Pi选A
28题详解
词句猜测题A creating solutions创建解决方案B growing quickly成长迅速C doing experiments做实验D working together起工作根第四段This is clear from the growing popularity of Maker Faires events where people come together to experiment in the areas of art science engineering and technology点创客会(Maker Faires)日益流行中明显出创客会种聚起艺术科学工程技术领域进行实验活动应该起工作意思选D
29题详解
佳标题通读全文文章讲述什创客运动什越越受欢迎成创造者A Various ToolsUsing种工具B Creative ProblemSolving创造性解决问题C Development of New Technology新技术发展D Inventions with Hightech Devices具高科技设备发明选项B文章意关联选B
D
The Stressedout Generation
Each generation has its own set of values and characters but one thing common to all generations is that they are suffering (遭受) from stress In a recent survey by the American Psychological Association (APA) all age groups now report higher levels of stress than in the past However survey results show that stress levels for Millennials (born roughly between 1981 and 2004) are clearly above average (均值) So what’s worrying the Millennials
Millennials are the first generation to grow up with computers in the home and the classroom They are receiving information from everywhere all the time because of the rise of modern technology and social media Over time this information overload can become too much to handle and can result in continual stress which in turn can cause serious physical and emotional problems Another cause according to writer Michael D Hais is that many Millennials have lived easy lives because of overprotective parents These young adults are short of problemsolving skills and may have trouble dealing with fear of failure once they leave home
However the survey results may be a bit misleading as they don’t take into account public attitudes toward stress and mental illness Ronald Kessler of Harvard Medical School points out that changes in social attitudes have helped lessen the shame related to mental illness over the years For example the creation of healthrelated television programming and specialty magazines such as Psychology Today has drawn people’s attention to mental health problems It’s possible that younger people now are more willing to admit (承认) to being stressed than in the past
Despite the high levels of stress reported by Millennials in the APA survey there is reason for happiness Many happiness and wellbeing surveys show that happiness generally increases as people grow older As Millennials get more life experience and develop better problemsolving skills over time they should become better at dealing with stress
Moreover with deeper understanding of mental health issues today the shame related to seeing a psychologist (心理医生) has lessened This means that people are more likely to look
for professional help to lower their stress levels There are now many kinds of stress management skills such as exercise and meditation (冥想) Millennials must develop these skills to deal with stress in order to be productive members of their community Once they do they will be able to look back with satisfaction on the world they helped create
30 What does the survey by APA show （ ）
A Millennials are more stressed than most generations
B Millennials are worried about their own characters
C It’s normal for many Millennials to feel stressed
D Stress levels differ because of different values
31 What is Paragraph 2 mainly about （ ）
A The problems caused by Millennials’ overprotective parents
B The results of receiving a great amount of information
C The ways Millennials deal with modern technology
D The causes of Millennials suffering more stress
32 According to the passage what are people like today compared to the past （ ）
A They are more likely to become psychologists
B They are more talented in using modern technology
C They are more willing to look for professional help with stress
D They are more independent and have good problemsolving skills
33 What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage （ ）
A To draw parents’ attention to Millennials’ emotional problems
B To remind us of the importance of getting more life experience
C To offer some right ways of developing problemsolving skills
D To encourage Millennials to deal with stress in proper ways
答案30 A 31 D 32 C 33 D
解析
文章讲述千禧代压力代压力描述压力原应该正确处理压力
30题详解
细节理解题根第段However survey results show that stress levels for Millennials (born roughly between 1981 and 2004) are clearly above average (均值) So what’s worrying the Millennials然调查结果显示千禧代(约出生1981年2004年间)压力水明显高均水千禧代担心什呢知千禧代代压力更选A
31题详解
段落意题根第二段段落分析千禧代压力原时代科技发展父母度保护选D
32题详解
细节理解题根第五段the shame related to seeing a psychologist (心理医生) has lessened This means that people are more likely to look for professional help to lower their stress levels心理医生羞耻感减少意味着更倾寻求专业帮助降低压力水选C
33题详解
旨意题通读全文文章讲述千禧代压力代压力描述压力原应该正确处理压力选D
2019年北京市石景山区学期初中九年级统练暨毕业考试（模）英语试卷
三阅读理解
阅读面四篇短文根短文容短文题ABCD四选项中选择佳选项
A
Top Four Unusual Shops
Senbikiya
If you are looking for something perfect come to Senbikiya in Tokyo Japan You buy fruitperfect and very expensive fruit There are apples for 25 each and 12 strawberries for82 Yes it＇s expensive but it＇s popular
Beacon ＇s Closet
Are you looking for something old… something other people don’t want any more Then Beacon＇s Closet in New York USA is the place for you People bring clothes they don＇t want and other people buy them These secondhand clothes are of good quality and cheap
The Old Curiosity Shop
Sometimes the building is what makes your shopping experience special for exampleThe Old Curiosity Shop in London England It is a tiny old shop which Charles Dickens wrote about in 1841 There are lots of big modern buildings around it It is now a shoe shop
El Ateneo Grand Splendid
From a tiny building to a huge one the famous bookshop El Ateneo Grand Splendid in Buenos Aires Argentina In 1919 the building opened as a theatre but in February 2000 it became one of the biggestand most beautiful bookshops in the world
21 What can you buy in Senbikiya
A Shoes B Clothes C Books D Fruit
22 Beacon＇s Closet is in_____________
A Buenos Aires B New York C London D Tokyo
23 Which shop did Charles Dickens write about
A Senbikiya B Beacon＇s Closet
C The Old Curiosity Shop D El Ateneo Grand Splendid
答案21 D 22 B 23 C
解析
文介绍四寻常商店：日东京森基亚水果店美国纽约灯塔衣橱店英国伦敦老古玩店鞋店阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯著名书店雅典书店
21题详解
细节理解题根表格森基亚店（Senbikiya）第23句You buy fruitperfect and very expensive fruit（买完美水果贵水果）There are apples for 25 each and 12 strawberries for82（苹果25美元草莓1282美元）知森基亚（Senbikiya）商店买水果选D
22题详解
细节理解题根表格二灯塔衣橱（Beacon＇s Closet）第2句Then Beacon＇s Closet in New York USA is the place for you（美国纽约灯塔衣橱家）知灯塔衣橱（Beacon＇s Closet）纽约选B
23题详解
细节理解题根表格三The Old Curiosity Shop（老古玩店）第12句Sometimes the building is what makes your shopping experience special for example The Old Curiosity Shop in London England It is a tiny old shop which Charles Dickens wrote about in 1841（时候座建筑会购物体验众例英国伦敦古玩店查尔斯·狄更斯1841年写家店）知查尔斯·狄更斯写篇关古玩店文章选C
B
The Life of Jane Goodall
On the morning of July 14 1960 Jane Goodall arrived at Lake Tanganyika in the Gombe National Park Then around 5 p m Jane went into the forest to find her first chimpanzee
As a young woman Jane Goodall was following her childhood dream of studying chimpanzees in Africa After many months of difficult work she made three important discoveries chimpanzees ate meat they used tools to get food and they also made tools
Every evening Jane wrote her findings in her journal She began to publish articles in magazines After a while Jane was accepted by a university Her work was also making her famous There was a documentary (纪录片)filmMiss Goodall and the Wild Chimpanzees (1963) and then My Friends the Wild Chimpanzees (1969) the first of many books During the 1970s Gombe became a dangerous place to work It is on the border of four different countries and there was fighting among them Many foreigners left but Jane stayed to continue her workand noted that chimpanzees could also be violent
A different problem developed in Gombe in the 1980s The forests were getting smaller and there was no enough space for chimpanzees because of the increasing human populationAs a result there were only about a hundred chimpanzees living in Gombe by t the end of the1980s Jane realized something had to be done so she made a plan with the local community to grow more trees
At the beginning of the 1990s Jane left Gombe She set up sanctuaries (庇护)for chimpanzees which had been caught because of the trade in chimpanzee meat She also started giving speeches She has very little spare time but still spends part of every year in the forest in Gombe watching her chimpanzees
24 What was Jane＇s childhood dream
A To explore forests in Africa
B To make a documentary film
C To write books about animals
D To study chimpanzees in Africa
25 What did Jane do in the 1970s
A She continued to work in Gombe
B She went to study in a university
C She found her first chimpanzee
D She published her first book
26 What plan did Jane make to help chimpanzees in1980s
A To grow more trees B To do more studies
C To stop the fighting D To set up sanctuaries
答案24 D 25 A 26 A
解析
分析
文介绍非洲贡贝研究黑猩猩简·古道尔非洲研究黑猩猩简．古道尔时梦想1960年7月14日午简·古道尔抵达贡贝国家公园月艰苦工作发现三重发现：黑猩猩吃肉工具获取食物制造工具天晚简发现写日记里久杂志发表文章拍纪录片写书20世纪70年代贡贝爆发突简然继续工作20世纪80年代贡贝类数量增加森林变越越威胁黑猩猩生存简帮助黑猩猩制定种更树计划世纪90年代初简离开贡贝黑猩猩设立庇护开始演讲没空闲时间年贡贝森林里黑猩猩
24题详解
细节理解题根第2段第1句As a young woman Jane Goodall was following her childhood dream of studying chimpanzees in Africa（作年轻女简．古道尔直追寻时非洲研究黑猩猩梦想）知简童年梦想非洲研究黑猩猩选D
25题详解
细节理解题根第3段第57句During the 1970s Gombe became a dangerous place to work …… Many foreigners left but Jane stayed to continue her workand noted that chimpanzees could also be violent（20世纪70年代贡贝成危险工作场四国家边界间发生突许外国离开简留继续工作指出黑猩猩暴力）知简20世纪70年代继续贡贝工作选A
26题详解
细节理解题根第4段句Jane realized something had to be done so she made a plan with the local community to grow more trees（简意识必须做什社区制定计划种植更树木）知世纪80年代简帮助黑猩猩制定种更树计划选A
点睛阅读理解体现学生英语力题型分值较高通解题方法掌握提升解答阅读理解题技巧学生关心问题初中阅读理解般考查学生细节理解力旨理解力推理判断力做阅读理解题首先准确理解题意然根题意根短文容做出正确答案（1）考查细节理解力类型题较简单准确理解题意直接文中找出答案（2）考查猜词力做种题型时根文意思准确猜出词意3）考查推理判断力类题型较难准确理解题意文中找出相关容做出合理推断（4）考查旨理解题类题型需通读全文整体握根文容选择合适选项
C
It＇s no secret that laughter works wonders for us And much research has been carried out into the good that laughter can do for our general health and wellbeing It has been found to release endorphins (释放安芬) our bodies’naturalfeelgoodchemicals into our blood But as we grow older we are more likely to find fewer things funny A child will laugh on average 300 times a day By the time we reach adulthood this number is around 20 But what＇s behind this One theory(理) suggests that it＇s not a problem of us losing our sense of humor but rather as we grow older we＇re socially conditioned to take things a bit more seriously
Laughter is very much something we do with others Studies have shown that we are 30 times more likely to find something funny when we are with others than when we are by ourselves But to laugh with others we do need to feel a connection to them We need to feel comfortable in their company That＇s why it can be difficult to laugh in the presence of strangers Laughter is also very contagious and one person＇s laugh can spread quickly throughout a group of people But often what makes us join in is the fear of standing out and being different We laugh even if we don＇ t really get the joke especially in groups controlled by a powerful person When the head teacher tells a joke for example you laugh even though later you might wonder if the joke was really that funny at all
There are many different reasons why we laugh Here are three widely accepted theories
The Incongruity Theory It＇s often the unexpected that makes us laugh When things that we are familiar with suddenly take a turn into the unknown our expectations are challenged and that often results in laughter
The Superiority Theory We often find the mistakes and misfortunes of others funny This would explain the popularity of online videos showing pranks (恶作剧)
The Relief TheoryLaugh offers light relief It explains why there are so many jokes about the darker things in life By being able to laugh at them we are able to face them more easily
27 According to the theory in Paragraph 1 why do we laugh less as we grow older
A There are fewer funny things
B We take things more seriously
C Our body releases less endorphins
D We gradually lose our sense of humor
28 What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A More funny things happen when we are with others
B It＇s difficult to build up connections with strangers
C We laugh sometimes because of social needs
D Powerful people are more likely to be funny
29 What is the passage mainly about
A The science of laughter
B the power of laughter
C The sign of laughter
D The art of laughter
答案27 B 28 C 29 A
解析
文谈笑笑处释放安芬身体天然感觉良化学物质进入血液着年龄增长发现趣事情越越少原更加认真事情笑相处种方式笑原种三种理：协调理优越解脱理
27题详解
细节理解题根第段句One theory(理) suggests that it＇s not a problem of us losing our sense of humor but rather as we grow older we＇re socially conditioned to take things a bit more seriously（种理认失幽默感问题着年龄增长社会惯更加认真事情）知长笑少原更认真事情选B
28题详解
旨理解题第2段第句Laughter is very much something we do with others（笑相处种方式）段题句段容根段容题句知时社会需笑选C
29题详解
旨理解题文谈笑处原着年龄增长笑次数减少原笑原根文容知篇文章关笑科学选A
D
Upcycling is the process of changing old materials into something useful and often beautiful
So is it the same as recycling No Recycling takes materialspaper or glassand breaks them down so their base materials can be remade into a new product When you upcycle an item(物品) you are not breaking down the material
you are simply refashioning it For example you might make shoes out of old tyres Also the upcycled item is typically of the same or even better quality(质量) than the original
Upcycling isn’t a new idea Some of the best examples of modernday upcycling come from the 1930s to 1940s when families didn’t have enough materials In those days things were repurposed over and over until there were no longer useful For example an old door can be made into a new dining table Economising(节约) is still a trend(趋势) today and a big reason why more and more people upcycle But an even bigger reason for the rebirth of upcycling is its good influence on the environment
Upcycling is green The plain and simple fact of the matter is that upcycling is much better for the planet than throwing things away When you upcycle that＇s one item less that ends upon the waste mountain Upcycling is also considerably more environmentally friendly than recycling which needs energy or water to break down materials Upcycling just needs your own creativity and effort
Grace Robinson from the UK takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses shoes and even hats Every day she drinks some tea and then dries out the tea bags with the tea still in them When they are dry she takes the tea out and sews the bags together to make clothes This can take a long time maybe months for a single dress so Grace gets friends to help her by drinking tea too and passing their tea bags on to her
There are two ways to support the upcycling movement Sort(分类)through your wardrobe or recycling bin and create items yourself or buy readymade items from upcycled materials Both ways benefit the environment and in return you get something that’s both attractive and practical
30 We can learn from the passage that upcycling ___________
A can improve the quality of items
B needs more energy than recycling
C needs to break down base materials
D produces more waste than recycling
31 The underlined wordrefashioningin Paragraph 2 probably means ___________
A giving a new form B giving a simple name
C making a perfect copy D making a different model
32 The writer probably agrees that ___________
A it is better to make clothes with used tea bags
B upcycling is much greener than recycling
C it is necessary to help others to upcycle
D people need to be more creative
33 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A Get started to recycle today
B A modern trend upcycling
C Is it the same as recycling
D To recycle or to upcycle
答案30 A 31 A 32 B 33 B
解析
文介绍升级回收升级回收旧材料转变成通常漂亮东西程回收利样升级回收重新改造升级回收通常原物具相甚更质量事物断重新调整途直节约然种趋势越越开始升级回收重原升级回收回收利更环保介绍两种升级回收方法
30题详解
细节理解题根第3段第3句Also the upcycled item is typically of the same or even better quality(质量) than the original（升级回收物品通常原始物品具相甚更质量）知文章中解升级回收提高物品质量选A
31题详解
词义猜测题A giving a new form出种新形式B giving a simple name出简单名称C making a perfect copy制作完美复制品D making a different model制作模型根文For example you might make shoes out of old tyres（例旧轮胎制鞋）知句you are simply refashioning it句意正改造根句意知refashioning意思出种新形式改造选A
32题详解
细节理解题根第5段第3句Upcycling is also considerably more environmentally friendly than recycling which needs energy or water to break down materials（升级回收回收利更环保回收利需源水分解材料）知作者意升级回收回收利更环保选B
33题详解
旨理解题文介绍升级回收升级回收回收利样升级回收重新改造升级回收通常原物具相甚更质量节约然种潮流越越开始升级回收升级回收回收利更环保介绍两种升级回收方法根文容知文佳标题现代潮流：升级回收选B
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