高考英语 语法专题复动词时态语态考点汇总
2012届高考英语语法专题复动词时态语态考点汇总
般现时法
常性惯性动作常表示频度时间状语连
时间状语： every… sometimes at… on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning
He cycles to work every day
客观真理客观存科学事实
The earth moves around the sun
Shanghai lies in the east of China
Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees
表示格言警句中
Pride goes before a fall 骄者必败
注意：法果出现宾语句中句时句谓语般现时
Columbus proved that the earth is round
现时刻状态力性格性
I don＇t want so much
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well
般现时表：
1．列动词：come go arrive leave start begin return般现时表
表
示时间已确定安排事情
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning
When does the bus star It stars in ten minutes
2 倒装句表示动作正进行
Here comes the bus The bus is coming
There goes the bell The bell is ringing
3 时间条件状语句中
When Bill comes (will come) ask him to wait for me
I＇ll write to you as soon as I arrive there
4 动词hope take care that make sure that等
I hope they have a nice time next week
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room
般时法
确定时间里发生动作存状态时间状语：yesterday last week an
hour ago the other day in 1982等
Where did you go just now
I saw Tom in the street yesterday
I bought this TV set in Beijing last year
表示段时间常性惯性动作
When I was a child I often played football in the street
He always went to work by bus
He used to act like that
时表示现表示语气委婉礼貌
动词want hope wonder think intend情态动词 could would等式表示委
婉
Did you want anything else
I wanted to ask you about that
Did you want to speak to me now
I wondered if you could help me
Could you lend me your bike
4）条件句中表示现事实符虚拟语气
If I were a bird I would fly to Beijing
If he were here now we could turn to him for help
注意较列句型：
It is time sb did sth 时间已迟早该……：
It is time for you to go to bed 该睡觉
It is time you went to bed 早该睡觉
would (had) rather sb did sth 表示宁愿某做某事：
I＇d rather you came tomorrow
般时表示动作状态已成现已复存
Christine was an invalid（久病者） all her life (含义：已间) Christine has been an invalid all her life (含义：现活着) Mrs Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years (含义：达太太已住肯塔基
州)
Mrs Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years ( 含义：现住肯塔基州
指刚离)
般时
shall第称常will 代will 陈述句中称征求意见时常
第二称
Which paragraph shall I read first？
Will you be at home at seven this evening
be going to +定式表示
a 语意图做某事算做某事
What are you going to do tomorrow
b 计划安排发生事
The play is going to be produced next month
c 迹象发生事
Look at the dark clouds there is going to be a storm
be +定式表计划正式安排发生事
We are to discuss the report next Saturday
be about to +定式意马做某事
He is about to leave for Beijing
注意：be about to tomorrow next week 等表示明确时时间状语连
be going to will法较：
条件句时be going to表will表意愿
If you are going to make a journey you＇d better get ready for it as soon as possible
Now if you will take off your clothes we will fit the new clothes on you in front
of the mirror
be tobe going to 法较：
be to 表示客观安排受指示做某事be going to 表示观算计划
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon (客观安排)
I＇m going to play football tomorrow afternoon (观安排)
现进行时
表示现( 指说话说话时) 正发生事情
We are waiting for you
惯进行：表示长期重复性动作说话时动作未必正进行
Mr Green is writing another novel (说话时未写处写作状态)
She is learning piano under Mr Smith
表示渐变动词：get grow become turn run go begin等
The leaves are turning red
It＇s getting warmer and warmer
always constantly forever 等词连表示反复发生动作持续存状态
带说话观色彩
You are always changing your mind
进行时动词
事实状态动词have belong possess cost owe exist include contain matter
weigh measure continue
I have two brothers
This house belongs to my sister
心理状态动词know realize think see believe suppose imagine agree recognize remember want need forget prefer mean understand love hate
I need your help
He loves her very much
瞬间动词accept receive complete finish give allow decide refuse
I accept your advice
系动词seem remain lie see hear smell feel taste get become turn
You seem a little tired
进行时
进行时表示某时正进行状态动作
进行时法描述件事发生背景长动作发生时候短动作发
生
常时间状语：
this morning the whole morning all day yesterday from nine to ten last evening
when while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself
It was raining when they left the station
When I got to the top of the mountain the sun was shining
现完成时
现完成时构成：助动词have (has) + 动词分词has 第三称单数have
称
现完成时表示发生已完成某动作现造成影响结果通常表示包括
现时间副词justalready before yet never ever等状语连
I have never heard of that before
Have you ever ridden a horse
She has already finished the work
Have you milked the cow yet Yes I have done that already
I’ve just lost my science book
现完成时表示已开始持续现许会持续动作状态表示某时刻延续现（包括现）段时间状语连 forsince so far now today this week(month year) 等
I haven’t seen her these days
She has learnt English for 3 years
They have lived here since 1990
What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years
注意：表示短暂时间动作词come go die marry buy等完成时for
since等表示段时间短语连
现完成时时间条件状语句中表示某时完成动作
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework
If it has stopped snowing in the morning we’ll go to the park
have been (to)have gone (to)区：
have has been (to) 表示某说话时里已回侧重指历have has gone (to) 表示某已某说话时里
路反正里
He has been to Beijing 北京（已回）
He has gone to Beijing 已北京（已走）
般时现完成时较
时表示某时发生动作单纯叙述事情强调动作现完成时发生强调事情现影响强调影响时常具体时间状语连现完成时通常模糊时间状语连时间状语
般时时间状语：yesterday last week…ago in1980 in October just
now 具体时间状语
时间状语：this morning tonight this April now oncebefore already
recentlylately等
现完成时时间状语：for since so far ever never just yet till until up to now in past years always 等确定时间状语
分析较列例句：
I saw this film yesterday （强调动作发生）
I have seen this film （强调现影响电影容已知道）
She has returned from Paris （已巴黎回）
She returned yesterday （昨天回）
He has been in the League for three years (团状态延续) He joined the League three years ago ( 三年前入团joined短暂行) 注意：句子中时时间副词（ yesterday last week in 1960）时
现完成时时
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night
（）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night
完成时法
完成时表示结构：had + 分词
完成时表示某时刻者某动作前完成动作状态句中常by before
until when等词引导时间状语
By the end of last year we had built five new houses
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university
完成时动词表示某时刻前发生动作者状态持续某时间
者持续
Before he slept he had worked for 12 hours
told said knew heard thought等动词宾语句
She said (that) she had never been to Paris
时间发生两动作中发生先完成时发生般时
When the police arrived the thieves had run away
表示意动词hope wish expect think intend mean suppose等完成
时表示原……未……
We had hoped that you would come but you didn＇t
完成时时间状语before by until when after once as soon as
He said that he had learned some English before
By the time he was twelve Edison had began to make a living by himself
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party
般时代完成时情况：
1 两动作序发生强调先thenandbut 等连词时般
时
When she saw the mouseshe screamed
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it
2 两动作相继发生般时第动作需干时间完成完成
时
When I heard the news I was very excited
3 叙述历史事实完成时般时
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492
时
时表示某时间发生动作存状态相时态立足某时某时间发生事情时态
He said his mother would buy a bike for him
My brother told me he wouldn’t believe Jack any more
Would it be all right if he knew his illness
基形式：would／should＋动词原形（中 would 种称should 常第
称）
They were sure they would win the final victory．坚信会赢胜利
He didn＇t expect that we should（would）all be there．没想里
述两例句中宾语句谓语 would win should（would）be 分句谓语
were sure didn＇t expect 相应
时表达形式：
was／were＋going to＋动词原形
He said he was going to try．说准备试试
was／were＋to＋动词原形
They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day．
说条铁路五节通车
was／were about＋动词原形
We were about to go out when it began to rain．正出天（突然）起雨
进行时（般动作概念较强动词 gocome leavestart openbegin 等）
表示
I didn＇t know when they were coming again．知道什时候
时间条件状语句中常般时表示时
He said he would come to see you when he had time．说时间
进行时
进行时概念：表示某时进行状态动作预测会发生事情
She＇ll be coming soon
I＇ll be meeting him sometime in the future
进行时法：
1 表示某时刻某段时间正进行动作
This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou
明天时候飞广州途中
What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning
明天午八点钟做什
I hope you won＇t be feeling too tired
希太累
We＇ll be watching television all evening
整晚电视
2 表示客观情况决定动作者安排发生动作
We＇ll be having tea after dinner as usual 通常样晚饭喝茶
The leaves will be falling soon 树叶快会脱落
We shall be having a meeting tomorrow morning 明天开会
I’ll be taking my holidays soon 久度假
注意：进行时表示意志说 I＇ll be having a talk with her
3 进行时常时间状语：soon tomorrow this eveningon Sunday by this
timetomorrow in two days tomorrow evening等
By this time tomorrow I＇ll be lying on the beach
完成时
完成时表示某时间前已完成动作直持续动作常before+时间by+时间连beforeby the time引导现时
句连
By the end of this week I shall have finished the book
周末读完书
By this time tomorrow they will have repaired the machine
明天时候修台机器
The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home
回家时孩子已睡
When you come tonight at eight o＇clockI shall have written my paper
晚八点钟时会写完文章
By next year our teacher will have taught English for twenty years
明年老师已教二十年英语
注意：完成时表示某时间前已完成直持续动作状态种时态时会涉两动作状态前叙述前面动作状态动词完成时叙述面动作状态动词般现时
We will have completed the work before you come
He says that he will have graduated from a university before you return home
现完成进行时法
1 表示动作某时间开始直延续现现动作已终止然
进行着
I have been waiting for you for two hours
等两时(动作延续)
It has been raining for three hours
雨已三时(动作延续)
How long have you been learning EnglishI have been learning English for
two years
英语学久 ……学两年(动作延续)
Why are you so dirtyI＇ve been playing football
身样脏……刚踢足球(动作延续)
2 现进行时态动词behave likeloveknowseehear等样
现完成进行时现完成时
She has been ill for a long time 已病久
I have not seen you for ages 久没见
区现完成时现完成进行时
现完成进行时兼现完成时现进行时二者基特点时态现完成时特点表示某动作现产生结果影响现进行时特点表示某动作延续性时性重复性生动性感情色彩
现完成进行时现完成时皆表示动作现产生结果前者表示结果直接
者表示结果
We have been cleaning the classroom．扫教室着直接结果：
身灰
We have cleaned the classroom．教室扫结果：现教室清洁
Be careful John has been painting the door．
约翰刚刚门油漆现油漆未干心
John has painted the door．表示John已刷门含义
现完成进行时时延续性现完成时没
They have been widening the road．意思加宽马路尚未完工
They have widened the road．意思已完工
现完成进行时表示动作重复现完成时常常带重复性
Have you been meeting her lately？（常相会意）
Have you met her lately？（问见没）Who＇s been eating my apples？（强烈感情色彩表示愤怒满苹果未
全部吃光意思）
Who＇s eaten my apples？（完成时态说明苹果剩）
动词语态
动语态构成：
be + 动词分词中助动词be时态称数变化动语态种
时态中：
般现时动语态：语+ amisare +分词
般时动语态：语+waswere +分词
般时动语态：语+ willshall + be +分词
时动语态：语+would +be +分词
现完成时动语态：语+ havehas +been +分词
完成时动语态：语+had +been +分词
现进行时动语态：语 + amisare +being +分词
进行时动语态：语+ waswere +being +分词
完成时动语态：语 + willshall +have +been +分词
动语态场合：
1 知道动作执行者没必说出动作执行者
Goodbyes were said 彼告（没必指出谁谁告）
2 更必强调动作承受者时
Theories must be combined with practice
理必须联系实际（强调理联系实际强调谁联系）
3 某种理（礼貌婉转便组合句法关系）需动语态
You are expected to finish it in time 希时完成
动语态系表结构区：
动语态表示动作句子中语动作象句中介词by引导短语系表结构表示语特点处状态般没介词by引导短语
The book was written by a young writer 书位青年作者写（动语态）
The book is well written 书写（系表结构）
表达动意义动结构：
1 well easily等副词连物动词sell wash write read clean
cook等
The new product sells well 新产品畅销
Your composition reads well 作文读起
The pen writes well 钢笔写
2 连系动词taste smell sound prove feel look become grow turn remain
stay keep等
The flowers smell sweet 花闻起甜甜
The theory proved to be correct 理证明正确
3 某动词短语句型中：last happen take place break out belong to
needwantrequire doing sth be worth doing be to blame等
Great changes have taken place in my hometown 家乡已发生巨变化
It is known that Taiwan belongs to China 众周知台湾属中国
The accident happened yesterday 事发生昨天
The meeting lasted four hours 会议持续四时
I am to blame 应责备
The book is worth reading 书值读
The computer requires wants needs repairing 电脑需修理
易错点点拨：
1 延续动词瞬间动词完成时区：延续动词表示验历瞬间动词表示
行结果表示段时间状语连
He has completed the work 已完成项工作 (表结果)
I＇ve known him since then 时起认识(表历)
2 till until 句差异：延续动词肯定句表示做……直……
瞬间动词否定句表示…………
He didn＇t come back until ten o＇clock 10 点回
He slept until ten o＇clock 直睡10点
3 动结构表示动含义：get married 结婚be addicted to sth沉溺be seated 坐着be lost in thought沉思着be devoted to sth投身专注be interested in sth某事物感兴趣be surprised 感吃惊
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2012届高考英语语法专题复动词时态语态考点汇总
般现时法
常性惯性动作常表示频度时间状语连
时间状语： every… sometimes at… on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning
He cycles to work every day
客观真理客观存科学事实
The earth moves around the sun
Shanghai lies in the east of China
Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees
表示格言警句中
Pride goes before a fall 骄者必败
注意：法果出现宾语句中句时句谓语般现时
Columbus proved that the earth is round
现时刻状态力性格性
I don＇t want so much
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well
般现时表：
1．列动词：come go arrive leave start begin return般现时表
表
示时间已确定安排事情
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning
When does the bus star It stars in ten minutes
2 倒装句表示动作正进行
Here comes the bus The bus is coming
There goes the bell The bell is ringing
3 时间条件状语句中
When Bill comes (will come) ask him to wait for me
I＇ll write to you as soon as I arrive there
4 动词hope take care that make sure that等
I hope they have a nice time next week
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room
般时法
确定时间里发生动作存状态时间状语：yesterday last week an
hour ago the other day in 1982等
Where did you go just now
I saw Tom in the street yesterday
I bought this TV set in Beijing last year
表示段时间常性惯性动作
When I was a child I often played football in the street
He always went to work by bus
He used to act like that
时表示现表示语气委婉礼貌
动词want hope wonder think intend情态动词 could would等式表示委
婉
Did you want anything else
I wanted to ask you about that
Did you want to speak to me now
I wondered if you could help me
Could you lend me your bike
4）条件句中表示现事实符虚拟语气
If I were a bird I would fly to Beijing
If he were here now we could turn to him for help
注意较列句型：
It is time sb did sth 时间已迟早该……：
It is time for you to go to bed 该睡觉
It is time you went to bed 早该睡觉
would (had) rather sb did sth 表示宁愿某做某事：
I＇d rather you came tomorrow
般时表示动作状态已成现已复存
Christine was an invalid（久病者） all her life (含义：已间) Christine has been an invalid all her life (含义：现活着) Mrs Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years (含义：达太太已住肯塔基
州)
Mrs Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years ( 含义：现住肯塔基州
指刚离)
般时
shall第称常will 代will 陈述句中称征求意见时常
第二称
Which paragraph shall I read first？
Will you be at home at seven this evening
be going to +定式表示
a 语意图做某事算做某事
What are you going to do tomorrow
b 计划安排发生事
The play is going to be produced next month
c 迹象发生事
Look at the dark clouds there is going to be a storm
be +定式表计划正式安排发生事
We are to discuss the report next Saturday
be about to +定式意马做某事
He is about to leave for Beijing
注意：be about to tomorrow next week 等表示明确时时间状语连
be going to will法较：
条件句时be going to表will表意愿
If you are going to make a journey you＇d better get ready for it as soon as possible
Now if you will take off your clothes we will fit the new clothes on you in front
of the mirror
be tobe going to 法较：
be to 表示客观安排受指示做某事be going to 表示观算计划
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon (客观安排)
I＇m going to play football tomorrow afternoon (观安排)
现进行时
表示现( 指说话说话时) 正发生事情
We are waiting for you
惯进行：表示长期重复性动作说话时动作未必正进行
Mr Green is writing another novel (说话时未写处写作状态)
She is learning piano under Mr Smith
表示渐变动词：get grow become turn run go begin等
The leaves are turning red
It＇s getting warmer and warmer
always constantly forever 等词连表示反复发生动作持续存状态
带说话观色彩
You are always changing your mind
进行时动词
事实状态动词have belong possess cost owe exist include contain matter
weigh measure continue
I have two brothers
This house belongs to my sister
心理状态动词know realize think see believe suppose imagine agree recognize remember want need forget prefer mean understand love hate
I need your help
He loves her very much
瞬间动词accept receive complete finish give allow decide refuse
I accept your advice
系动词seem remain lie see hear smell feel taste get become turn
You seem a little tired
进行时
进行时表示某时正进行状态动作
进行时法描述件事发生背景长动作发生时候短动作发
生
常时间状语：
this morning the whole morning all day yesterday from nine to ten last evening
when while
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself
It was raining when they left the station
When I got to the top of the mountain the sun was shining
现完成时
现完成时构成：助动词have (has) + 动词分词has 第三称单数have
称
现完成时表示发生已完成某动作现造成影响结果通常表示包括
现时间副词justalready before yet never ever等状语连
I have never heard of that before
Have you ever ridden a horse
She has already finished the work
Have you milked the cow yet Yes I have done that already
I’ve just lost my science book
现完成时表示已开始持续现许会持续动作状态表示某时刻延续现（包括现）段时间状语连 forsince so far now today this week(month year) 等
I haven’t seen her these days
She has learnt English for 3 years
They have lived here since 1990
What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years
注意：表示短暂时间动作词come go die marry buy等完成时for
since等表示段时间短语连
现完成时时间条件状语句中表示某时完成动作
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework
If it has stopped snowing in the morning we’ll go to the park
have been (to)have gone (to)区：
have has been (to) 表示某说话时里已回侧重指历have has gone (to) 表示某已某说话时里
路反正里
He has been to Beijing 北京（已回）
He has gone to Beijing 已北京（已走）
般时现完成时较
时表示某时发生动作单纯叙述事情强调动作现完成时发生强调事情现影响强调影响时常具体时间状语连现完成时通常模糊时间状语连时间状语
般时时间状语：yesterday last week…ago in1980 in October just
now 具体时间状语
时间状语：this morning tonight this April now oncebefore already
recentlylately等
现完成时时间状语：for since so far ever never just yet till until up to now in past years always 等确定时间状语
分析较列例句：
I saw this film yesterday （强调动作发生）
I have seen this film （强调现影响电影容已知道）
She has returned from Paris （已巴黎回）
She returned yesterday （昨天回）
He has been in the League for three years (团状态延续) He joined the League three years ago ( 三年前入团joined短暂行) 注意：句子中时时间副词（ yesterday last week in 1960）时
现完成时时
（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night
（）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night
完成时法
完成时表示结构：had + 分词
完成时表示某时刻者某动作前完成动作状态句中常by before
until when等词引导时间状语
By the end of last year we had built five new houses
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university
完成时动词表示某时刻前发生动作者状态持续某时间
者持续
Before he slept he had worked for 12 hours
told said knew heard thought等动词宾语句
She said (that) she had never been to Paris
时间发生两动作中发生先完成时发生般时
When the police arrived the thieves had run away
表示意动词hope wish expect think intend mean suppose等完成
时表示原……未……
We had hoped that you would come but you didn＇t
完成时时间状语before by until when after once as soon as
He said that he had learned some English before
By the time he was twelve Edison had began to make a living by himself
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party
般时代完成时情况：
1 两动作序发生强调先thenandbut 等连词时般
时
When she saw the mouseshe screamed
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it
2 两动作相继发生般时第动作需干时间完成完成
时
When I heard the news I was very excited
3 叙述历史事实完成时般时
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492
时
时表示某时间发生动作存状态相时态立足某时某时间发生事情时态
He said his mother would buy a bike for him
My brother told me he wouldn’t believe Jack any more
Would it be all right if he knew his illness
基形式：would／should＋动词原形（中 would 种称should 常第
称）
They were sure they would win the final victory．坚信会赢胜利
He didn＇t expect that we should（would）all be there．没想里
述两例句中宾语句谓语 would win should（would）be 分句谓语
were sure didn＇t expect 相应
时表达形式：
was／were＋going to＋动词原形
He said he was going to try．说准备试试
was／were＋to＋动词原形
They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day．
说条铁路五节通车
was／were about＋动词原形
We were about to go out when it began to rain．正出天（突然）起雨
进行时（般动作概念较强动词 gocome leavestart openbegin 等）
表示
I didn＇t know when they were coming again．知道什时候
时间条件状语句中常般时表示时
He said he would come to see you when he had time．说时间
进行时
进行时概念：表示某时进行状态动作预测会发生事情
She＇ll be coming soon
I＇ll be meeting him sometime in the future
进行时法：
1 表示某时刻某段时间正进行动作
This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou
明天时候飞广州途中
What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning
明天午八点钟做什
I hope you won＇t be feeling too tired
希太累
We＇ll be watching television all evening
整晚电视
2 表示客观情况决定动作者安排发生动作
We＇ll be having tea after dinner as usual 通常样晚饭喝茶
The leaves will be falling soon 树叶快会脱落
We shall be having a meeting tomorrow morning 明天开会
I’ll be taking my holidays soon 久度假
注意：进行时表示意志说 I＇ll be having a talk with her
3 进行时常时间状语：soon tomorrow this eveningon Sunday by this
timetomorrow in two days tomorrow evening等
By this time tomorrow I＇ll be lying on the beach
完成时
完成时表示某时间前已完成动作直持续动作常before+时间by+时间连beforeby the time引导现时
句连
By the end of this week I shall have finished the book
周末读完书
By this time tomorrow they will have repaired the machine
明天时候修台机器
The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home
回家时孩子已睡
When you come tonight at eight o＇clockI shall have written my paper
晚八点钟时会写完文章
By next year our teacher will have taught English for twenty years
明年老师已教二十年英语
注意：完成时表示某时间前已完成直持续动作状态种时态时会涉两动作状态前叙述前面动作状态动词完成时叙述面动作状态动词般现时
We will have completed the work before you come
He says that he will have graduated from a university before you return home
现完成进行时法
1 表示动作某时间开始直延续现现动作已终止然
进行着
I have been waiting for you for two hours
等两时(动作延续)
It has been raining for three hours
雨已三时(动作延续)
How long have you been learning EnglishI have been learning English for
two years
英语学久 ……学两年(动作延续)
Why are you so dirtyI＇ve been playing football
身样脏……刚踢足球(动作延续)
2 现进行时态动词behave likeloveknowseehear等样
现完成进行时现完成时
She has been ill for a long time 已病久
I have not seen you for ages 久没见
区现完成时现完成进行时
现完成进行时兼现完成时现进行时二者基特点时态现完成时特点表示某动作现产生结果影响现进行时特点表示某动作延续性时性重复性生动性感情色彩
现完成进行时现完成时皆表示动作现产生结果前者表示结果直接
者表示结果
We have been cleaning the classroom．扫教室着直接结果：
身灰
We have cleaned the classroom．教室扫结果：现教室清洁
Be careful John has been painting the door．
约翰刚刚门油漆现油漆未干心
John has painted the door．表示John已刷门含义
现完成进行时时延续性现完成时没
They have been widening the road．意思加宽马路尚未完工
They have widened the road．意思已完工
现完成进行时表示动作重复现完成时常常带重复性
Have you been meeting her lately？（常相会意）
Have you met her lately？（问见没）Who＇s been eating my apples？（强烈感情色彩表示愤怒满苹果未
全部吃光意思）
Who＇s eaten my apples？（完成时态说明苹果剩）
动词语态
动语态构成：
be + 动词分词中助动词be时态称数变化动语态种
时态中：
般现时动语态：语+ amisare +分词
般时动语态：语+waswere +分词
般时动语态：语+ willshall + be +分词
时动语态：语+would +be +分词
现完成时动语态：语+ havehas +been +分词
完成时动语态：语+had +been +分词
现进行时动语态：语 + amisare +being +分词
进行时动语态：语+ waswere +being +分词
完成时动语态：语 + willshall +have +been +分词
动语态场合：
1 知道动作执行者没必说出动作执行者
Goodbyes were said 彼告（没必指出谁谁告）
2 更必强调动作承受者时
Theories must be combined with practice
理必须联系实际（强调理联系实际强调谁联系）
3 某种理（礼貌婉转便组合句法关系）需动语态
You are expected to finish it in time 希时完成
动语态系表结构区：
动语态表示动作句子中语动作象句中介词by引导短语系表结构表示语特点处状态般没介词by引导短语
The book was written by a young writer 书位青年作者写（动语态）
The book is well written 书写（系表结构）
表达动意义动结构：
1 well easily等副词连物动词sell wash write read clean
cook等
The new product sells well 新产品畅销
Your composition reads well 作文读起
The pen writes well 钢笔写
2 连系动词taste smell sound prove feel look become grow turn remain
stay keep等
The flowers smell sweet 花闻起甜甜
The theory proved to be correct 理证明正确
3 某动词短语句型中：last happen take place break out belong to
needwantrequire doing sth be worth doing be to blame等
Great changes have taken place in my hometown 家乡已发生巨变化
It is known that Taiwan belongs to China 众周知台湾属中国
The accident happened yesterday 事发生昨天
The meeting lasted four hours 会议持续四时
I am to blame 应责备
The book is worth reading 书值读
The computer requires wants needs repairing 电脑需修理
易错点点拨：
1 延续动词瞬间动词完成时区：延续动词表示验历瞬间动词表示
行结果表示段时间状语连
He has completed the work 已完成项工作 (表结果)
I＇ve known him since then 时起认识(表历)
2 till until 句差异：延续动词肯定句表示做……直……
瞬间动词否定句表示…………
He didn＇t come back until ten o＇clock 10 点回
He slept until ten o＇clock 直睡10点
3 动结构表示动含义：get married 结婚be addicted to sth沉溺be seated 坐着be lost in thought沉思着be devoted to sth投身专注be interested in sth某事物感兴趣be surprised 感吃惊
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