电大钢结构期末复习测试C及参考答案小抄


     钢结构模拟测试(C)
    单项选择题(题正确答案序号填入括号题2分计30分)
    1.结构设计中失效概率指标关系( )
    A. 越越 结构性越差 B. 越越结构性越差
    C.越越结构越 D. 越 越结构越
    2.钢材三项力学性( )
    A.抗拉强度屈服点伸长率 B.抗拉强度屈服点冷弯性
    C.抗拉强度冷弯性伸长率 D.冷弯性屈服点伸长率
    3.钢中硫氧含量超限量时会钢材( )
    A.变软 B.热脆 C.冷脆 D. 变硬
    4.钢材低温击韧性( )
    A.提高 B.降低 C.变 D.确定
    5.钢材疲劳破坏属( )破坏
    A.弹性 B.塑性 C.脆性 D.低周高应变
    6.摩擦型连接高强度螺栓杆轴方受拉时承载力( )
    A.摩擦面处理方法关 B.摩擦面数量关
    C.螺栓直径关 D.螺栓性等级关
    7.高强度螺栓摩擦型连接承压型连接相( )
    A.承载力计算方法 B.施工方法相 C.没质区 D.材料
    8.钢梁底面设吊杆拉力设计值650kN(静载)吊杆通节点板荷载传钢梁节点板采双面焊缝焊梁翼缘10mm160MPa面焊缝长度( )
    A.240mm B.250 mm C.260mm D.270mm
    9.图示高强度螺栓连接弯矩M作认中轴螺栓( )
    A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
    10.宽度厚度钢板直径孔钢板净截面面积( )
    A. B.
    C. D.
    11.a类截面轴心压杆稳定系数值高( )
    A.截面轧制截面 B.截面刚度
    C.初弯曲影响 D.残余应力影响
    12.轴心受压构件发生弹性失稳时截面均应力( )
    A. 低钢材抗拉强度 B.达钢材屈服强度
    C. 低钢材例极限 D. 低钢材屈服强度
    13.保证工字形截面梁受压翼缘局部稳定方法( )
    A.设置加劲肋 B.设置横加劲肋
    C.采效宽度 D.限制宽厚
    14.梁支撑加劲肋应设置 ( )
    A.弯曲应力区段
    B.剪应力区段
    C.翼缘翼缘固定作力部位
    D.吊车轮压部位
    15.单轴称截面压弯构件般宜弯矩( )
    A.绕非称轴作 B.绕称轴作
    C.绕意轴作 D.视情况绕称轴非称轴作
    二判断题(正确划 √错误划× 题2分计30分)
    1.正常极限状态包括影响结构构件非结构构件正常外观变形影响正常振动影响正常耐久性局部损坏(  )
    2.计算结构构件强度稳定性连接强度时应采荷载设计值标准值( )
    3.试验证明钢材疲劳强度构造状况应力幅循环荷载重复次数关钢材强度关系更明显( )
    4.承受动力荷载重复作钢结构构件连接应力变化循环次数n次 时应进行疲劳验算( )
    5. 承压型高强螺栓连接连接板件间强摩擦阻力承受外力摩擦阻力克服
    作连接承载力极限状态( )
    6.钢结构设计规范规定角焊缝中焊角尺寸中t较厚焊件厚度( )
    7.构件存焊接残余应力会增结构刚度( )
    8.螺栓排列分列错列两种形式中错列减栓孔截面削弱螺栓排列松散连接板尺寸较 ( )
    9.设计轴心受力构件时轴心受压构件需进行强度刚度计算 ( )
    10.轴心受压构件板件薄压力作板件离开面位置发生凸曲现象称构件丧失局部稳定( )
    11.构件长细回转半径计算长度 ( )
    12.梁抗剪强度满足设计求时效办法增腹板面积( )
    13.工字形截面简支梁受压翼缘侧支承点间距离越时梁整体稳定越差
    ( )
    14.偏心受压柱铰接柱脚传递轴心压力剪力刚接柱脚传递轴心压力剪力外传递弯矩( )
    15.框架梁柱连接时梁端采刚接减梁跨中弯矩制作施工较复杂 ( )

    三简答题(题8分计24分)
    1.简述钢材塑性破坏脆性破坏
    2.抗剪普通螺栓种破坏形式?防止?
    3.设计拉弯压弯构件时应计算容?

    四计算题(计16分)
    图示:已知焊缝承受斜静力荷载设计值kN偏心e20mm角焊缝焊脚尺寸实际长度钢材Q235B焊条E43型(160Nmm2) 取1.22验算图示直角角焊缝强度
    公式:

    图1
    试题答案评分标准(供参考)
    单项选择题(题正确答案序号填入括号题2分计30分)
    1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C
    6.C 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.D
    11.D 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.A
    二判断题(正确划 √错误划× 题2分计30分)
    1.(√) 2.(√) 3.(×) 4.(√) 5.(×)
    6.(√) 7.(×) 8.(√) 9.(×) 10.(√)
    11.(×) 12.(√) 13.(×) 14.(√) 15.(√)
    三简答题(题8分计24分)
    简答题点根具体情况酌情分
    1.简述钢材塑性破坏脆性破坏
    答:塑性破坏变形超材料构件应变力产生仅构件应力达钢材抗拉强度发生破坏前构件产生较塑性变形脆性破坏前塑性变形甚没塑性变形计算应力钢材屈服点断裂应力集中处开始
    2.抗剪普通螺栓种破坏形式?防止?
    答:螺栓抗剪连接达极限承载力时破坏形式四种形式:①栓杆剪断②螺栓承压破坏③板件净截面拉断④端板栓杆剪破坏
    第③种破坏形式采构件强度验算保证第④种破坏形式螺栓端距≥2d0保证第①②种破坏形式通螺栓计算保证
    3.设计拉弯压弯构件时应计算容?
    答:拉弯构件需计算强度刚度(限制长细)压弯构件需计算强度整体稳定(弯矩作面稳定弯矩作面外稳定)局部稳定刚度(限制长细)

    四计算题(计16分)
    题答案点根具体情况酌情分

    解:F分解垂直焊缝行焊缝分力
    (2分)
    (2分)
    (2分)
    (2分)
    (2分)
    (2分)
    (2分)


    直角角焊缝强度满足求(2分)

    请您删容O(∩_∩)O谢谢2015年中央电期末复考试抄全电期末考试必备抄电考试必抄After earning his spurs in the kitchens of The Westin The Sheraton Sens on the Bund and a sprinkling of other topnotch venues Simpson Lu fi nally got the chance to become his own boss in November 2010 Sort of The Shanghaiborn chef might not actually own California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) but he is in sole charge of both kitchen and frontof house at this Sinan Mansions'stalwart  It’s certainly a responsibility to be the head chef and then to have to manage the rest of the restaurant as well the 31yearold tells Enjoy Shanghai In hotels for example these jobs are strictly demarcated so it’s a great opportunity to learn how a business operates across the board  It was a task that management back in sunny California evidently felt he was ready for and a vote of confi dence from a company that to date has opened 250 outlets in 11 countries And for added pressure the Shanghai branch was also CPK’s China debut  For sure it was a big step and unlike all their other Asia operations that are franchises they decided to manage it directly to begin with says Simpson  Two years ago a private franchisee took over the lease but the links to CPK headquarters are still strong with a mainlandbased 'brand ambassador’ on hand to ensure the business adheres to its ethos of creating innovative hearthbaked pizzas a slice of PR blurb that Simpson insists lives up to the hype  They are very innovative he says The problem with most fast food places is that they use the same sauce on every pizza and just change the toppings Every one of our 16 pizza sauces is a unique recipe that has been formulated to complement the toppings perfectly  The largely local customer base evidently agrees and on Saturday and Sunday at least the place is teeming The kidseatforfree policy at weekends is undoubtedly a big draw as well as is the spacious secondfl oor layout overlooked by a canopy of green from Fuxing Park over the road  The company is also focusing on increasing brand recognition and in recent years has taken part in outside events such as the regular California Week Still the sta are honest enough to admit that business could be better as good in fact as in CPK’s second outlet in the popular Kerry Parkside shopping mall in Pudong  Sinan Mansions has really struggled to get the number of visitors that were envisaged when it first opened and it hasn’t been easy for any of the tenants here adds Simpson We’re planning a third outlet in the city in 2015 and we will probably choose a shopping mall again because of the better foot traffic The tearooms once frequented by Coco Chanel and Marcel Proust are upping sticks and coming to Shanghai Xu Junqian visits the Parisian outpost with sweet treats One thing the centuryold Parisian tearoom Angelina has shown is that legendary fashion designer Coco Chanel not only had style and glamor but also boasted great taste in food pastries in particular One of the most popular tearooms in Paris Angelina is famous for having once been frequented by celebrities such as Chanel and writer Marcel Proust Now Angelina has packed up its French ambience efficient service and beautiful comforting desserts and flown them to Shanghai At the flagship dinein and takeout space in Shanghai everything mimics the original tearoom designed from the beginning of the 20th century in Paris the height of Belle Epoque The paintings on the wall for example are exactly the same as the one that depicts the landscape of southern France the hometown of the owner and the small tables are intentional imitations of the ones that Coco Chanel once sat at every afternoon for hot chocolate The famous hot chocolate known as L’Africain is a luxurious mixture of four types of cocoa beans imported from Africa blended in Paris and then shipped to Shanghai It’s sinfully sweet rich and thick as if putting a bar of melting chocolate directly on the tongue and the fresh whipped cream on the side makes a light but equally gratifying contrast It is also sold in glass bottles as takeaway The signature MontBlanc chestnut cake consists of three parts the pureed chestnut on top the vanilla cream like stuffing and the meringue as base Get all three layers in one scoop not only for the different textures but also various flavors of sweetness The dessert has maintained its popularity for a century even in a country like France perhaps the world’s most competitive place for desserts A much overlooked pairing is the ParisNew York choux pastry and N226 chocolate flavored tea The choux pastry is a mouthful of airy pecanflavored whipped cream while the tea a blend of black teas from China and Ceylon cocoa and rose petals offers a more subtle fragrance of flowers and chocolate Ordering these two items featuring a muted sweetness makes it easier for you to fit into your little black dress Breakfast brunch lunch and light supper are also served at the tearoom a hub of many cultures and takes in a mix of different styles of French cuisines according to the management team The semicooked foie gras terrine is seductive and deceptive It’s generously served at the size and shape of a toast while the actual brioche toast is baked into a curved slice dipped with fig chutney The flavor however is honest strong smooth and sublime And you don’t actually need the toast for crunchiness This is the season for high teas with dainty cups of fine china and little pastries that appeal to both visual and physical appetites But there is one high tea with a difference and Pauline D Loh finds out just exactly why it is special Earl Grey tea and macarons are all very well for the crucial recuperative break inbetween intensive bouts of holiday season shopping And for those who prefer savory to sweet there is still the selection of classic Chinese snacks called dim sum to satisfy and satiate High tea is a meal to eat with eye and mouth an inbetween indulgence that should be light enough not to spoil dinner but sufficiently robust to take the edge off the hunger that strikes hours after lunch The afternoon tea special at ShangXi at the Four Seasons Hotel Pudong has just the right elements It is a pampering meal with touches of luxury that make the high tea session a treat in itself Whole baby abalones are braised and then topped on a shortcrust pastry shell a sort of Chinese version of the Western volauvent but classier Even classier is the dim sum staple shrimp dumpling or hargow upgraded with the addition of slivers of midnight dark truffles This is a master touch and chef Simon Choi who presides unchallenged at ShangXi has scored a winner again Sweet prawns and aromatic truffles — what’s not to love His masterful craftsmanship is exhibited in yet another pastry — a sweet pastry that is shaped to look like a walnut but which you can put straight into the mouth It crumbles immediately and the slightly sweet nutty morsel is so easy to eat you’ll probably reach straight for another My favorite is the dessert that goes by the name yangzhi ganlu or ambrosia from the gods The hotel calls it chilled mango cream with sago pomelo and bird’s nest – made with ingredients that resonate with every female soul It does taste like ambrosia with the sweetsour fragrance of the mango forming the first layer of taste and sensation and the pomelo sacs and sago pearls providing the tactile contrast The bird’s nest — it’s the ingredient that gilds the lily since it is supposed to nourish and nurture a perfect complexion For those unfamiliar with this exotic ingredient the bird’s nest is not a bundle of twigs but is instead the dried secretion that cave swifts use to build their nest Technically it’s bird saliva but the Chinese believe that it has collagenboosting properties essential to beauty To me it just tastes good adding a slight gelatinous crunch to the back of the teeth There is also a baked mushroom puff pastry that includes the highly prized Matsutake or pine mushroom You also get a choice of teas but I strongly recommend the aged Pu’er from Yunnan province It is a mellow tea that will go perfectly with the rich little nuggets and will warm you up on a cold afternoon Incidentally the general guide is green tea such as Longjing or Dragonwell for the hot season semifermented teas like Wulong or Iron Buddha for autumn and more warming teas like Pu’er for winter The ShangXi afternoon tea costs 228 yuan (37) per person and 388 yuan for the more opule

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