1986年考研英语真题


    1986年考研英语真题
    Section I Structure and Vocabulary
    In each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked Put your choice in the brackets on the left (15 points)
    EXAMPLE
    I was caught ________ the rain yesterday
    [A] in
    [B] by
    [C] with
    [D] at
    ANSWER [A]
    1 No doctors could cure the patient ________ his strange disease
    [A] with
    [B] of
    [C] from(B)
    [D] off
    2 He was ________ his wits’ end what to do
    [A] in
    [B] on
    [C] at(C)
    [D] of
    3 Prior ________ his departure he addressed a letter to his daughter
    [A] to
    [B] of
    [C] in(A)
    [D] from
    4 The driving instructor told me to pull ________ at the post office
    [A] up
    [B] back
    [C] round(A)
    [D] along
    5 When there’s a doubt the chairman’s decision is ________
    [A] right
    [B] definite
    [C] fixed(D)
    [D] final
    6 We can rely on William to carry out this mission for his judgment is always ________
    [A] unquestionable
    [B] sound
    [C] subtle(B)
    [D] healthy
    7 The noise of the plane died ________ in the distance
    [A] away
    [B] out
    [C] down(A)
    [D] off
    8 Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time
    [A] takes away
    [B] takes in
    [C] takes over(D)
    [D] takes up
    9 Attendances at football matches have ________ since the coming of television
    [A] dropped in
    [B] dropped down
    [C] dropped off(C)
    [D] dropped out
    10 After the death of their parents the sisters got well ________ and never quarreled
    [A] away
    [B] in
    [C] along(C)
    [D] out
    11 They always give the vacant seats to ________ comes first
    [A] who
    [B] whom
    [C] whoever(C)
    [D] whomever
    12 Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered
    [A] in that
    [B] in which
    [C] in order that(A)
    [D] in the way
    13 He is ________ of an actor
    [A] anybody
    [B] anyone
    [C] somebody(D)
    [D] something
    14 The captain apologized ________ to tell us more about the accident
    [A] for to be unable
    [B] that he was unable
    [C] to be unable(D)
    [D] for being unable
    15 ________ is no reason for discharging her
    [A] Because she was a few minutes late
    [B] Owing to a few minutes being late
    [C] The fact that she was a few minutes late(C)
    [D] Being a few minutes late
    Section II Cloze Test
    For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled [A] [B] [C] and [D] Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage Read the whole passage before making your choices (10 points)
    On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market For an hour or
    she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything buying here and there and a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had And then with all the things she needed she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour she liked best looking in furniture shop windows
    One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look without feeling they had to buy something Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where almost at once she stopped before a green armchair There was a card on the chair which said This fine chair is yours less than a pound a week and very small at the bottom Cash price eightynine pounds fifty A pound a week she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it A voice at her shoulder made her Can I help you Madam She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her
    Oh well no she said I was just looking We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom If you’ll just come up you will find something to suit you
    Annie worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need left the shop hurriedly
    16 [A] so
    [B] more
    [C] else(A)
    [D] another
    17 [A] taking
    [B] making
    [C] fixing(D)
    [D] keeping
    18 [A] buy
    [B] bought
    [C] buying(B)
    [D] to have bought
    19 [A] in a way
    [B] by the way
    [C] in the way(C)
    [D] on the way
    20 [A] behind
    [B] round
    [C] back(B)
    [D] on
    21 [A] doubted
    [B] wondered
    [C] puzzled(D)
    [D] delighted
    22 [A] at
    [B] for
    [C] with(B)
    [D] in
    23 [A] Why
    [B] When
    [C] How(A)
    [D] What
    24 [A] jump
    [B] leap
    [C] laugh(A)
    [D] wonder
    25 [A] place
    [B] back
    [C] side(C)
    [D] front
    Section III Reading Comprehension
    Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions For each question there are four answers Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions Put your choice in the brackets on the left (10 points)
    Text 1
    There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization You find these careers in engineering in production in statistical work and in teaching But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field There is in other words a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees of making general judgments We can call these people generalists And these generalists are particularly needed for positions in administration where it is their job to see that other people do the work where they have to plan for other people to organize other people’s work to begin it and judge it
    The specialist understands one field his concern is with technique and tools He is a trained man and his educational background is properly technical or professional The generalist and especially the administrator deals with people his concern is with leadership with planning and with direction giving He is an educated man and the humanities are his strongest foundation Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field Any organization needs both kinds of people though different organizations need them in different proportions It is your task to find out during your training period into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit and to plan your career accordingly
    Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job it is primarily a training job an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee
    26 There is an increasing demand for ________
    [A] all round people in their own fields
    [B] people whose job is to organize other people’s work
    [C] generalists whose educational background is either technical or professional(B)
    [D] specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others
    27 The specialist is ________
    [A] a man whose job is to train other people
    [B] a man who has been trained in more than one fields
    [C] a man who can see the forest rather than the trees(D)
    [D] a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters
    28 The administrator is ________
    [A] a trained man who is more a specialist than a generalist
    [B] a man who sees the trees as well as the forest
    [C] a man who is very strong in the humanities(C)
    [D] a man who is an educated specialist
    29 During your training period it is important ________
    [A] to try to be a generalist
    [B] to choose a profitable job
    [C] to find an organization which fits you(D)
    [D] to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist
    30 A man’s first job ________
    [A] is never the right job for him
    [B] should not be regarded as his final job
    [C] should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold any job(B)
    [D] is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job
    Text 2
    At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and until recent times unknown to man It is a great land mass with mountain ranges whose extent and elevation are still uncertain Much of the continent is a complete blank on our maps Man has explored on foot less than one per cent of its area Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions The Arctic is an ocean covered with drifting packed ice and hemmed in by the land masses of Europe Asia and North America The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world the Atlantic Pacific and Indian Oceans
    The continental ice sheet is more than two miles high in its centre thus the air over the Antarctic is far more refrigerated than it is over the Arctic regions This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited Thus more than a million persons live within 2000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska Siberia and Scandinavia a region rich in forest and mining industries Apart from a handful of weather stations within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree industry or settlement
    31 The best title for this selection would be ________
    [A] Iceland
    [B] Land of Opportunity
    [C] The Unknown Continent(C)
    [D] Utopia at Last
    32 At the time this article was written our knowledge of Antarctica was ________
    [A] very limited
    [B] vast
    [C] fairly rich(A)
    [D] nonexistent
    33 Antarctica is bordered by the ________
    [A] Pacific Ocean
    [B] Indian Ocean
    [C] Atlantic Ocean(D)
    [D] All three
    34 The Antarctic is made uninhabitable primarily by ________
    [A] cold air
    [B] calm seas
    [C] ice(A)
    [D] lack of knowledge about the continent
    35 According to this article ________
    [A] 2000 people live on the Antarctic Continent
    [B] a million people live within 2000 miles of the South Pole
    [C] weather conditions within a 2000 mile radius of the South Pole make settlements impractical(C)
    [D] only a handful of natives inhabit Antarctica
    Section IV Structure and Vocabulary
    Fill in the blanks with the words which best complete the sentences Put your choices in the brackets on the left (10 points)
    EXAMPLE
    It was the largest experiment we have ever had it ________ six houses
    [A] ended
    [B] finished
    [C] was
    [D] lasted
    ANSWER [D]
    36 Music often ________ us of events in the past
    [A] remembers
    [B] memorizes
    [C] reminds(C)
    [D] reflects
    37 If I take this medicine twice a day it should ________ my cold
    [A] heat
    [B] cure
    [C] treat(B)
    [D] recover
    38 I could just see a car in the distance but I couldn’t ________ what colour it was
    [A] make out
    [B] look to
    [C] look out(A)
    [D] take in
    39 I could tell he was surprised from the ________ on his face
    [A] appearance
    [B] shock
    [C] look(C)
    [D] sight
    40 The toy boat turned over and sank to the ________ of the pool
    [A] base
    [B] depth
    [C] ground(D)
    [D] bottom
    41 Mary never tells anyone what she does for a ________
    [A] job
    [B] work
    [C] profession(D)
    [D] living
    42 That boy is such a good violinist he will probably make quite a ________ for himself
    [A] star
    [B] credit
    [C] name(C)
    [D] character
    43 Old photographs give one a brief ________ of the past
    [A] glance
    [B] glimpse
    [C] sight(B)
    [D] look
    44 The novelist is a highly ________ person
    [A] imaginable
    [B] imaginative
    [C] imaginary(B)
    [D] imagined
    45 Although the pay is not good people usually find social work ________ in other ways
    [A] payable
    [B] respectful
    [C] grateful(D)
    [D] rewarding
    Section V Errordetection and Correction
    Each question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases) These parts are labeled [A] [B] [C] and [D] Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the brackets on the left Then without altering the meaning of the sentence write down the correct word or phrase on the line following the brackets (10 points)
    EXAMPLE
    You’ve to hurry up if you want to buy something hardly
    ANSWER [C] anything
    46 The professor told the student that he his taking the advanced course he made a passing mark in Economics 1([C] approve of)
    47 Although a great number of houses in that area in need of there
    improvement in the ([C] has been)
    48 Mr Gilmore is one of those men who to be however it is very hard ([A] appear)
    49 To understand the situation more thought than ([C] has been given)
    50 A educators believe that English is one of taught subjects in high schools ([C] most poorly)
    51 Of all his activities Paul likes fishing but he doesn’t enjoy fishing rods ([B] (the) best (the) most)
    52 I not have recognized man you me his name([C] even if even though)
    53 time I had done the work my satisfaction I got my hat hall and slipped out ([B] to)
    54 The new hotel a beautiful building recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor the finest view of the city ([C] where from which on which)
    55 While Europe the tourists enjoyed their content the weather the food and ([D] the theatre)
    Section VI Verb Forms
    Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets (10 points)
    EXAMPLE
    It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appoint) for this college
    ANSWER (should) be appointed
    56 The enemy retreated to the woods after they ________ (defeat)(were defeatedhad been defeated)
    57 I ________ (speak) to him for some time before I realized who he was(had been speaking)
    58 One should never lose one’s heart when ________ (confront) with temporary difficulties(confronted)
    59 The house suddenly collapsed while it ________ (pull) down(was being pulled)
    60 On ________ (give) an assignment to make a business tour abroad he gladly accepted it(being given)
    61 ________ (Get) everything ready they got down to map out a plan for the construction of a new express way(Having got)
    62 After Peter grew a beard even his close friends ________ (not recognize) him at first sight(coulddid not recognize were not able to recognize)
    63 Darkness ________ (set) in the young people lingered on merrymaking(setting)
    64 The students were to ________ (assemble) at the auditorium before 130 pm but the lecture was canceled at the last minute(have assembledassemble)
    65 Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained ________ (take) into account before starting a new project((should) be taken)
    Section VII ChineseEnglish Translation
    Translate the following sentences into English (15 points)
    66 年收成农场理改进利气体条件
    67 科研取成预期
    68 现必须做情况作番仔细调查
    69 难说方案更切实行
    70 昨晚果问题许已解决
    Section VIII EnglishChinese Translation
    Translate the following passage into Chinese Only the underlined sentences are to be translated (20 points)
    It would be interesting to discover how many young people go to university without any clear idea of what they are going to do afterwards (71) If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered it is not hard to see how difficult it is for a student to select the course most suited to his interests and abilities (72) If a student goes to university to acquire a broader perspective of life to enlarge his ideas and to learn to think for himself he will undoubtedly benefit (73) Schools often have too restricting an atmosphere with its time tables and disciplines to allow him much time for independent assessment of the work he is asked to do (74) Most students would I believe profit by a year of such exploration of different academic studies especially those all rounders with no particular interest They should have longer time to decide in what subject they want to take their degrees so that in later life they do not look back and say I should like to have been an archaeologist If I hadn’t taken a degree in Modern Languages I shouldn’t have ended up as an interpreter but it’s too late now I couldn’t go back and begin all over again
    (75) There is of course another side to the question of how to make the best use of one’s time at university (76) This is the case of the student who excels in a particular branch of learning (77) He is immediately accepted by the University of his choice and spends his three or four years becoming a specialist emerging with a firstclass Honour Degree and very little knowledge of what the rest of the world is all about (78) It therefore becomes more and more important that if students are not to waste their opportunities there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice Only in this way can we be sure that we are not to have on the one hand a band of specialists ignorant of anything outside of their own subject and on the other hand an ever increasing number of graduates qualified in subjects for which there is little or no demand in the working world
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