2019年6月学英语四级真题答案解析完整版（卷）
Part I Writing(30 minutes)
请正式开考半时完成该部分进行听力考试
For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood You should write at least 120 words not more than 180 words
范文
Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing Home
Volunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th which was highly appraised by the elderly there
Upon the students’ arrival tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students presented them with wellprepared gifts Then the students talked to them oneonone with kindness Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories immersing in an atmosphere of joy When it was time for the youngsters to leave the elderly thanked them over and over again And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future
According to Winston Churchill a British statesman we make a living by what we get but we make a life by what we give The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some important life lessons from the elderly residents
By Aria school newspaper
点评
写作试题考查考生综合运英语语言力四级写作试题考生求越越高年考查新闻报道新文章体裁意味着出题更加强调学生考场作文真实生活中写作联系起学生观察生活力提出更高求——注意新闻格式容安排特点方面新闻报道需写出标题落款标题注意简洁明落款写出名新闻报道格式写出by sb写出新闻机构方面容分三段进行写作第段写导语点明事件基情况(时间点事件物目意义)第二段写(般时间序进行书写时中事进行特写中间穿插物采访)第三段写事件物法想法观点
体裁然四级命题规律万变离宗然学生英语语言力运力作考查重点综观五年四级写作命题趋势说明理解释原阐明影响第段功始终引入新闻报道第段写导语致考生结合作文行文思路作切入点书写新闻报道第二段浓墨重彩段新闻报道普通作文区更侧重事实求考生书写时候需客观写出事情起结果第三段作文新闻报道需出总结(事件法观点)新闻报道结尾段作出事件评价写出感悟
年考查话题养老院农场学考生生活较贴写作时列举例子应较典型样阅卷老师容明白考生文中描述容时考生例子应熟悉够熟练运关词短语样笔时会话说相关背景知识正确语言表达效结合起话题学生生活息息相关话题考生言会话说够提出定法观点
Part 2 Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)
次四级听力难度适中听力文题言难度略降年套听力容学生生活较贴题校园生活类没难度较政治济科技科普类题听力较学言应该会感受年题目听生词少
题目设置难度没降低(没题目红色字体猜测出题点)目前没试卷选项单原文出题位置出题位置符合头尾重点逻辑处等考点考生应试时握容应较快反应出应答案
Section A
News report 1
篇新闻关旧金山游Alktrask岛屿9岁男孩首发2016年1月美联社报道属社会新闻新闻中听懂难度较低种篇新闻存较点专名词会考生听力中造成影响
1 新闻旨题重点听开头前两句
2 新闻细节题
A 9yearold central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back A California television station Enfresno reported Tuesday that Jim Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison The TV station reported that by completing the swim the fourth grade student from Losbanios broke a record previously held by a 10yearold boy Jim said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into this swim made him want to give up His father said he had offered his son 100 dollars as a reward To encourage his struggling son he doubled it to 200 dollars James pushed forward making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than 2 hours Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard
1 What did the boy from central California do according to report
2 What did the father do to encourage his son
News report 2
篇新闻讲述家较熟悉事件关国取消晚婚假容生词较少考生听懂难度应该高
1 考察新闻中原素篇新闻第题考点句然落头两句
2 结尾处+转折处考点
On the first Januarynew regulations were coming to a fact which eliminated an annual leave bonus for people who put off marriage until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men the South China morning post reports The holiday bonus was to design to encourage young people to delay getting married in lines with China’s onechild policy but with the policy now been abolished this holiday incentive is no longer necessary
The government says In shanghai the young couple at the registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy Because an extra holiday was a big deal for them In Beijing one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced Rather than the usual number often between 70 and 80 but one lawyer tell the paper the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and this procedures take time so people who are rushing for a marriage can relax
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard
3 What was purpose of the annual leave bonus of China
4 What do we learn about the new regulations
New report 3
篇新闻新西兰两女佣创业专门负责清理家庭聚会残局
1 旨题
2 考点句位开头处
3 结尾考点
Everyone loves a good house party but the cleaning up in the next morning isn’t as enjoyable Now however a New Zealand based startup company aims to bring messy homes and even splitting headaches back to normal The properly named startup Morning After Maids was launched about 1 month ago in Auckland by roommaids Rebecca Folly and Catherine Ashers Aside from cleaning up the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers Although they are both gainfully employed they did cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends which is when their service is in most demand anyway
Besides being flatted with request from across the country Folly and Ashers have also received request from the US and Canada to provide the services there they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward
Question 5—7 are based on the news report you have just heard
5 what is the news report mainly about
6 what is the common problem of the house party
7 what are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do
Long Conversation 1
长话
篇长话生活类题材话题家非常熟悉考驾两男生驾考进行话男生话核心回答女生问题
1 细节题答案话开头处
2 细节题
3 细节题
4 细节题
W Carl how did your driver’s theory exam go It was yesterday right
M Yes I’ve prepared as much as I could But I was so nervous since it was my second trial The people who worked at the test center were very kind though We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit and that was just what I needed Then after the exam they printed out my result But I was afraid to open it until I was outside I was such a relief that I passed
W Congratulations I knew you could do it I think you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time didn’t you I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared But good job in passing the second time I’m so proud of you Now all you have to do next is your road test Have you had any lessons yet
M Yes thanks I’m so happy to be actually on the road now I’ve only had two driving lessons so far and my instructor is very understanding SoI’m really enjoying it I can’t wait for my next session Although the lessons are rather expensive 20 pounds an hour and the instructor says I’ll need above 30—40 lessons in total that’s what 6—8 hundred pounds So this time I’ll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully I’ll be successful the first time
W Well good luck
Questions 8—11 are based on the conversation you have just heard
8 What did the man do yesterday
9 Why did he fail the exam the first time
10 What does the man say about his driving lessons
11 What does the man hope to do next
Long Conversation 2
篇话校园场景类话出现年校园场景类话中出现词汇话容两学生讨学毕业工作开头题考点句第轮话问句里细节题轮话女生提问男生回答重点听男生说话难发现 only 句子细节题第二题轮话重点然男生说者女生说方容轮话男生提问重点听女生关注but转折容
M Emma I’ve got accepted to the university of Leads Since you’re going to university in England do you know how much it is for international students to study there
W Congratulations Yes I believe for international students you’ll have to pay around 13000 pounds a year it’s just a bit more than the local students
M OK that’s about 17000 dollars for the tuition and fees Anyway I’m only going to be there for a year doing my masters So it’s pretty good If I stayed in the US it’d take 2 years and cost at least 50000 dollars in tuition alone Also I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leads which would be pretty awesome the benefit of being a music genius
W Yeah I heard you are a talented piano player So you are doing a post graduate degree now I’m still in my last year graduating next June Finally I’ll be done with my studies and could go on to earning lots of money
M Are you still planning on being a teacher No money at that job then
W You’d be surprised I’m still going to be a teacher But the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so experience in England It’s better paid and I get to travel which reminds me I’m late for my class and I’ve got some documents I need to print out first I’ve got to run
Questions 12—15 are based on the conversation you have just heard
12 What does the man want to know
13 What is the man going to do
14 What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the leads university
15 What is the woman planning to do after graduation
Passage 1
短文第篇说明介绍性文章介绍蚂蚁着重介绍类房屋危害蚂蚁品种文章旨题答案出现听力开篇处第二题出现位置较需考生保持耐心听in addition 时候紧张起听答案句道题出结尾处反复出现信息
原文：
Scientists have identified thousands of known ants species around the world And only a few of them bug humans Most ants live in the woods or out in nature There they keep other creatures in check distribute seeds and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans But those are incredibly challenging to control They are small enough to easily slip inside your house Live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands and reproduce quickly That makes them good at getting in and hard to kick out Once they settle in these insects start affecting your home In addition to barging ants other species can cause different kinds of damage Some like carpenter ants can undermine a home structure while others interfere with the electrical units
Unfortunately our homes are very attractive to ants because it provides everything the colony needs to survive such as food water and shelter So how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes Most important of all avoid giving ants any access to food particularly sugary food because ants have a sweet tooth We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store food in airtight containers Even garbage attracts ants so empty your trash as often as possible And store your outside garbage in a lidded can while away from doors and windows
Questions 16—18 are based on the conversation you have just heard
16 What does the passage say about ants
17 What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants
18 What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes
Passage 2
短文第2篇篇述介绍老年保健领域研究工作体裁接午六级section C文章旨题答案出现听力开篇处第句话直接出答案开头走神考生容易失第道题答案细节题细节题第2 题位置接通反复听old health难找答案
原文：
My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age So the job of the immune system is to fight infections It also protects us from viruses and from autoimmune diseases We know that as we get older it's easier for us to get affections So older adults have more chances of falling ill This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when we age In most of our work when we were looking at older adults who’ve got an illness we always have to have health controls So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called the One Thousand Elders these volunteers are all 65 or over but in good health They come to the university to provide us with blood samples to be interviewed and to help us to carry out a whole range of research The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age At the moment we are living much longer Life expectancy is increasing at 2 years for every decade that means an extra 5 hours a day I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age and that they are not spending time in hospital with infection Felling unwell and being generally weak we want people to be healthy even when they are old
Questions 19—21 are based on the passage you have just heard
19 What is the focus of the speaker’s research
20 What are the volunteers are asked to do in the research
21 What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research
Passage 3
短文第3篇记叙文物事题介绍老师学教授国际象棋事介绍学教学特点介绍学校物事四级短文出现次类型
1 第题答案然出现听力开篇处第句话直接出答案
2 细节题
3 细节题
4 细节题
When Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Kilip Elementary he didn’t know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students he noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kid would get together to play chess I know how to play chess let me go and show these kids how to do it he said Now Komada coaches the school’s chess team The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school And this week dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of Chess The competition only happens every four years and the last time the team went they won the third place in the nation Komada says Chess gives him and his students control The school has the highest number of kids from lowincome families Police frequent the area day and night As 2 months ago a young man was shot just down the street Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it The lessons proved valuable outside the classroom as well Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble
Questions 22—25 are based on the passage you have just heard
22 What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary
23 What are dozens of students from Komada’s school going to do this week
24 What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary
25 What have the students learned from Komada
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (暗礁) perfect for scuba driving (水肺式潜泳) and preserving marine 26 Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship and it wouldn’t normally ever touch water an Airbus A300 The hollowedout A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area
The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane’s 31 Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US100000but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks As far as sunken planes gothis Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever
Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver’s paradise(天堂)
A) create B) depressed C) eventually D) Experiences E) exploring F) exterior G) habitats H) innovate
I)intentionally J)investment K)revealing L)stretches
M)stripped N)territory O)victim
答案：26 G 27 M 28 A 29 L 30C 31F 32 J 33 O 34 I 35 E
答案解析
26 根空格位置marine处形容词判断出26题应名词marine意思海生海运固定搭配marine habitat海洋栖息题答案Ghabitat栖息
27 根空格位置词性应该动词动态篇文章A300持肯定态度句想表达A300环境没潜坏处答案应M be stripped of意剥夺
28 题空格前will 处应填动词原形选项中动词原形AH 根句意知沉没飞机工珊瑚长更题答案Acreate创造产生
29 处应填动词原形语plane谓语动词应单三形式答案Lstretches意延伸处指飞机机身总长54米
30 处应填副词修饰面be able to venture 答案应锁定CeventuallyLintentionally句话意思水肺式潜水者够船舱险选项Ceventually终更符合句意
31 处应填名词形式空格前plane’s名词选项FN空格处前半句时候水肺式潜水者够船舱险半句应该船舱外面险答案Fexterior外部表面
32 空格前on that处应名词句话意：买架飞机花钱希通旅游业够投资回报答案Jinvestment投资
33 处应填名词形式空格容严重致命恐怖袭击空格处应victim受害者答案O
34 处应副词形式副词修饰形容词largest副词剩Iintentionally目性意修饰面sunk 题答案I
35 题应ving形式and前taking a trip underwater保持列EexploringKrevealingving形式根句句意Eexploring探索更符合句意句话意思水旅行探索沉没A300部会场险
Section B
Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
Resilience Is About How You Recharge Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2yearold we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane undistracted by phones friends or movies We race to get all our ground work done packing going through security doing a lastminute work call calling each other then boarding the plane Then when we try to have that amazing work session in flight we get nothing done Even worse after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up
[B] Why should flying deplete us We’re just sitting there doing nothing Why can’t we be tougher more resilient (复原力) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves Based on our current research we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient and the resulting impact of overworking
[C] We often take a militaristic tough approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud a boxer going one more round or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play We believe that the longer we tough it out the tougher we are and therefore the more successful we will be However this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies 62 billion a year in lost productivity
[E] And just because work stops it doesn’t mean we are recovering We stop work sometimes at 5pm but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems talking about our work over dinner and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow In a study just released researchers from Norway found that 78 of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂) The scientists cite a definition of workaholism as being overly concerned about work driven by an uncontrollable work motivation and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas
[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the US Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project What a distortion of resilience A resilient child is a wellrested one When an exhausted student goes to school he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test he has lower selfcontrol with his friends and at home he is moody with his parents Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written if you have too much time in the performance zone you need more time in the recovery zone otherwise you risk burnout Gathering your resources to try hard requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level It also worsens exhaustion Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us
[I] So how do we recover and build resilience Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper your brain will naturally recover so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning you’ll have your energy back But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work If you lie in bed for eight hours you may have rested but you can still feel exhausted the next day That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing
[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work you need adequate internal and external recovery periods As researchers Zijlstra Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—eg in the free time between the work days and during weekends holidays or vacations If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do
[K] If you really want to build resilience you can start by strategically stopping Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day If every distraction took only 1 minute that would account for 25 hours a day
[L] In addition you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries Try to not have lunch at your desk but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work Take all of your paid time off which not only gives you recovery periods but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion
[M] As for us we’ve started using our plane time as a workfree zone and thus time to dip into the recovery phase The results have been fantastic We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging Now instead of swimming upstream we relax sleep watch movies or listen to music And when we get off the plane instead of being depleted we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone
36 It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents
37 Mental relaxation is much needed just as physical relaxation is
38 Adequate rest not only helps one recover but also increases one’s work efficiency
39 The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight
40 Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working
41 It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking
42 Contrary to popular belief rest does not equal recovery
43 The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience
44 People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing
45 People tend to think the more determined they are the greater their success will be
答案：
答案：36D 37 J 38 L 39 A 40 E 41 K 42 I 43B 44 G 45 C
36 答案：D题干中inadequate recovery换原文D段中lack of a recovery
37 答案：J题干中relaxation is much needed just as physical relaxation is换原文J段中第二句the mental or physical resources required
38 答案：L题干中increases one’s work efficiency换原文L段句中raises your productivity
39 答案：A题干中has a hectic time before taking a flight换原文A段第三句中Then when we try to have that amazing work session in flight
40 答案：E题干中Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working换原文E段第句And just because work stops it doesn’t mean we are recovering
41 答案：K题干中technology be used to prevent people from overworking换原文K段第二句中by using technology to control overworking
42 答案：I题干中rest does not equal recovery换原文I段中句That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing
43 答案：B题干中problem results from a misunderstanding换原文B段句中the problem comes from a misconception
44 答案：G题干中developed from their upbringing换原文G段中第句often bred from an early age
45 答案：C题干中People tend to think the more determined they are the greater their success will be换原文C段第二句中We believe that the longer we tough it out the tougher we are and therefore the more successful we will be
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding……
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls But it might be time …… training—this summer a group of culture addicts artists and community organization … New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island
The project is called Writing On it All and it’s a participatory writing project … that has happened on Governor’s Island every summer since 2013
Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island…or they just kind of happen to be there Alexandra Chasin artistic director…… tells Smithsoniancom
The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by …to domestic workers Each session has a theme and participants are give …and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art …range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one……of exile
…vernor’s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for …own as New York’s shared space for art and play the island …… and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay is closed to cars but open to …for festivals picnics adventures as well as these legal graffiti(涂鸦)…… notes and art scribbled (涂画)on the walls are an experiment in self…… have ranged in age from 2 to 85Though Chasin says the focus of…activity of writing rather than the text that ends up getting written some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her
One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls says Chasin explaining that in one room people wrote down the names of those killed because of it people do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages
46 what does the project Writing On It All invite people to do
A) Unlearn their training in drawing
B) Participate in a state graffiti show
C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti
D) Exhibit their artistic creation in an old house
47 what do we learn about the participants in the project
A) They are just culture addicts C)They are writers and artists
B) They are graffiti enthusiasts D)They are mostly passersby
48 What did the project participants do during the 2016 season
A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind
B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session
C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing
D) They were required to cooperate with other creators
49 What kind of place is Governor’s Island
A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists
B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles
C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles
D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round
50 What does Chasin say about the project
A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females
B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art
C) It has started the career of many creative artists
D) It has created some meaningful artistic works
答案CDBAD
解析
46 选C换原文para1中to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island
A：原文11细节信息改写重组：原文11中learn改成unlearn 结合train贺draw两原文复现词汇组合成该干扰选项
B：原文信息增补文中未提活动场show学生易选该选项受21participatory词干扰
D：属中生artistic creations 未出现
47 选D定位词participants定位31D选项原文people who are just walking by 进行改写
ACB选项受12中信息culture addicts artists…等干扰
48 选B定位词2016season 回原文para4 B答案42Each season has a theme and participants are given … and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art
A 原文未提be free to scribble
C：受44中collaborative词干扰原文进行概念偷换
D：求创作者协合作符合常识易学生搞混
49 选AA原文51… is a national historic landmark district long used for …改写
B：错only to 原文54说明岛屿会象开放
C：原文细节信息重组4553重组出错误信息
D：中生
50 选D63people do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages改写
A：错just focused on…原文未提点
B：错help expand the influence of…选项符合常识易选
C：开启许创造性艺术家事业生涯符合常识选项易选原文未提点
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available While they sound efficient costsaving a recent study reports that they are not effective primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them
The study looked at computerassisted cognitive behavioral therapy for depression helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors However online CBT programs have been gaining popularity with the attraction of providing lowcost help wherever someone has access to a computer
A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (机) control trialwith691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across the England The patients were split into three groups one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs Participants were balanced across the three groups for age sex educational background severity and duration of depression and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药)
After four months the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors
It’s an important cautionary note that we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists says Christopher Dowrick a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool We do still need the human touch or the human interaction particularly when people are depressed
Being depressed can mean feeling lost in your own small negative dark world Dowrick says Having a person instead of a computer reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation When you’re emotionally vulnerable you’re even more need of a caring human beings he says
51 What does the recent study say about online CBT programs
A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure
B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer
C) They can save patients trouble visiting physicians
D) They have been well received by a lot of patients
52 What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular
A) Their effectiveness in combating depression
B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy
C) Their easy and inexpensive access by patients
D) The recommendation by primary care doctors
53 What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York
A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from……
B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than a……
C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is mos……
D) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extrer……
54……is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs
A)They should not be neglected in primary care
B)Their effectiveness should not be overestimated
C)They should be used by strictly following instructions
D)Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists
55……more important to an emotionally vulnerable person
A) positive state of mind C)Timely encouragement
B) Appropriate medication D)Human inter……
答案ACABD
解析
51 What does the recent study say about online CBT programs
解析题干关键词the recent studyCBT定位第段第二句第二段第句第段第二句已出研究观点not effective原because引导容are not likely to engage with them or stick with them出抑郁症患者太参坚持完全程应A选项Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure
52 What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular
解析题干关键词CBTincreasingly popular定位第三段句online CBT programs have been gaining popularity受欢迎素紧——low cost helpaccess to a computer选项CTheir easier and inexpensive access by patients原文义换答案
53 What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York
解析题干关键词researchersthe University of York定位第四段第四段描述研究容程题干问major finding第五段找——had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors两种治疗方法进行发现网络CBT疗法病没更效改善应选项A Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from p
54 What is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs
解析题干关键词Professor Dowrick定位第六段第六段第句话Dowrick教授建议——we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists教授建议应该沉迷电脑系统代医生治疗专家观点应B选项Their effectiveness should be not be overestimated
55 What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person
解析题干关键词emotionally vulnerable person定位段句a caring human being需应D选项Human interaction
Part IV Translation(30 minutes)
DirectionsFor this partyou are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into EnglishYou should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
剪纸中国民间艺术种独特形式已2000年历史剪纸源汉代继纸张发明中国许方普剪纸材料工具简单：纸剪刀剪纸作品通常红纸做成红色中国传统文化中幸福相联婚礼春节等喜庆场合红颜色剪纸门窗装饰首选
译文Paper cutting with a history of 2000 years is a unique form of Chinese folk arts It probably originated from Han Dynasty after the invention of the paper Since then it has gained popularity in many parts of China The material and the tool used for paper cutting are very simple paper and scissors The papercutting artwork is usually made of the red paper because the color red is connected with happiness in traditional Chinese culture Therefore the red papercutting is the first option of the door and window decoration in joyous occasion such as weddings and the Spring Festival
逐句解析
(1)剪纸中国民间艺术种独特形式已2000年历史
解析考查动词翻译技巧：语剪纸两谓语中动词处理成谓语动词处理成非谓语介词者形式考查置定语翻译技巧剪纸：paper cutting民间艺术：folk art 独特：unique形式：form
参考答案Paper cutting with a history of 2000 years is a unique form of Chinese folk arts
者Paper cutting a unique form of Chinese folk arts has a history of 2000 years
(2)剪纸源汉代继纸张发明
解析考查动词翻译技巧语剪纸源()继…两动词中动词处理成谓语动词处理成非谓语介词者形式源：originate frombe date back to等：probably汉代：Han Dynasty发明：invention(n)
参考答案It probably originated from Han Dynasty after the invention of the paper
(3)中国许方普
解析考查状语翻译语序完成时态：since then普：become universal gain popularity中国许方：in many parts of China
参考答案Since then it has gained popularity in many parts of China
(4)剪纸材料工具简单：纸剪刀
解析考查置定语翻译干材料工具简单修饰剪纸译文used for paper cutting材料：material工具：tool剪刀：scissors
参考答案The material and the tool used for paper cutting are very simple paper and scissors
(5)剪纸作品通常红纸做成红色中国传统文化中幸福相联
解析考查动结构翻译：……做成 is made of剪纸作品：papercutting artwork…相联：be associated with be connected with be related to 中国传统文化 Chinese traditional culture
参考答案The papercutting artwork is usually made of the red paper because the color red is connected with happiness in Chinese traditional culture
(6)婚礼春节等喜庆场合红颜色剪纸门窗装饰首选
解析考查置定语翻译门窗装饰首选译文首选 of 门窗装饰婚礼：wedding春节：the Spring Festival喜庆场合：joyous occasion门窗装饰：the door and window decoration首选：first option choice
参考答案Therefore the red papercutting is the first option of the door and window decoration in joyous occasion such as weddings and the Spring Festival
者Therefore people decorate their doors and windows with the red papercutting as the first option in joyous occasion such as weddings and the Spring Festival
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Part I Writing(30 minutes)
请正式开考半时完成该部分进行听力考试
For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood You should write at least 120 words not more than 180 words
范文
Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing Home
Volunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th which was highly appraised by the elderly there
Upon the students’ arrival tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students presented them with wellprepared gifts Then the students talked to them oneonone with kindness Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories immersing in an atmosphere of joy When it was time for the youngsters to leave the elderly thanked them over and over again And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future
According to Winston Churchill a British statesman we make a living by what we get but we make a life by what we give The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some important life lessons from the elderly residents
By Aria school newspaper
点评
写作试题考查考生综合运英语语言力四级写作试题考生求越越高年考查新闻报道新文章体裁意味着出题更加强调学生考场作文真实生活中写作联系起学生观察生活力提出更高求——注意新闻格式容安排特点方面新闻报道需写出标题落款标题注意简洁明落款写出名新闻报道格式写出by sb写出新闻机构方面容分三段进行写作第段写导语点明事件基情况(时间点事件物目意义)第二段写(般时间序进行书写时中事进行特写中间穿插物采访)第三段写事件物法想法观点
体裁然四级命题规律万变离宗然学生英语语言力运力作考查重点综观五年四级写作命题趋势说明理解释原阐明影响第段功始终引入新闻报道第段写导语致考生结合作文行文思路作切入点书写新闻报道第二段浓墨重彩段新闻报道普通作文区更侧重事实求考生书写时候需客观写出事情起结果第三段作文新闻报道需出总结(事件法观点)新闻报道结尾段作出事件评价写出感悟
年考查话题养老院农场学考生生活较贴写作时列举例子应较典型样阅卷老师容明白考生文中描述容时考生例子应熟悉够熟练运关词短语样笔时会话说相关背景知识正确语言表达效结合起话题学生生活息息相关话题考生言会话说够提出定法观点
Part 2 Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)
次四级听力难度适中听力文题言难度略降年套听力容学生生活较贴题校园生活类没难度较政治济科技科普类题听力较学言应该会感受年题目听生词少
题目设置难度没降低(没题目红色字体猜测出题点)目前没试卷选项单原文出题位置出题位置符合头尾重点逻辑处等考点考生应试时握容应较快反应出应答案
Section A
News report 1
篇新闻关旧金山游Alktrask岛屿9岁男孩首发2016年1月美联社报道属社会新闻新闻中听懂难度较低种篇新闻存较点专名词会考生听力中造成影响
1 新闻旨题重点听开头前两句
2 新闻细节题
A 9yearold central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back A California television station Enfresno reported Tuesday that Jim Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison The TV station reported that by completing the swim the fourth grade student from Losbanios broke a record previously held by a 10yearold boy Jim said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into this swim made him want to give up His father said he had offered his son 100 dollars as a reward To encourage his struggling son he doubled it to 200 dollars James pushed forward making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than 2 hours Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard
1 What did the boy from central California do according to report
2 What did the father do to encourage his son
News report 2
篇新闻讲述家较熟悉事件关国取消晚婚假容生词较少考生听懂难度应该高
1 考察新闻中原素篇新闻第题考点句然落头两句
2 结尾处+转折处考点
On the first Januarynew regulations were coming to a fact which eliminated an annual leave bonus for people who put off marriage until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men the South China morning post reports The holiday bonus was to design to encourage young people to delay getting married in lines with China’s onechild policy but with the policy now been abolished this holiday incentive is no longer necessary
The government says In shanghai the young couple at the registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy Because an extra holiday was a big deal for them In Beijing one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced Rather than the usual number often between 70 and 80 but one lawyer tell the paper the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and this procedures take time so people who are rushing for a marriage can relax
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard
3 What was purpose of the annual leave bonus of China
4 What do we learn about the new regulations
New report 3
篇新闻新西兰两女佣创业专门负责清理家庭聚会残局
1 旨题
2 考点句位开头处
3 结尾考点
Everyone loves a good house party but the cleaning up in the next morning isn’t as enjoyable Now however a New Zealand based startup company aims to bring messy homes and even splitting headaches back to normal The properly named startup Morning After Maids was launched about 1 month ago in Auckland by roommaids Rebecca Folly and Catherine Ashers Aside from cleaning up the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers Although they are both gainfully employed they did cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends which is when their service is in most demand anyway
Besides being flatted with request from across the country Folly and Ashers have also received request from the US and Canada to provide the services there they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward
Question 5—7 are based on the news report you have just heard
5 what is the news report mainly about
6 what is the common problem of the house party
7 what are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do
Long Conversation 1
长话
篇长话生活类题材话题家非常熟悉考驾两男生驾考进行话男生话核心回答女生问题
1 细节题答案话开头处
2 细节题
3 细节题
4 细节题
W Carl how did your driver’s theory exam go It was yesterday right
M Yes I’ve prepared as much as I could But I was so nervous since it was my second trial The people who worked at the test center were very kind though We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit and that was just what I needed Then after the exam they printed out my result But I was afraid to open it until I was outside I was such a relief that I passed
W Congratulations I knew you could do it I think you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time didn’t you I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared But good job in passing the second time I’m so proud of you Now all you have to do next is your road test Have you had any lessons yet
M Yes thanks I’m so happy to be actually on the road now I’ve only had two driving lessons so far and my instructor is very understanding SoI’m really enjoying it I can’t wait for my next session Although the lessons are rather expensive 20 pounds an hour and the instructor says I’ll need above 30—40 lessons in total that’s what 6—8 hundred pounds So this time I’ll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully I’ll be successful the first time
W Well good luck
Questions 8—11 are based on the conversation you have just heard
8 What did the man do yesterday
9 Why did he fail the exam the first time
10 What does the man say about his driving lessons
11 What does the man hope to do next
Long Conversation 2
篇话校园场景类话出现年校园场景类话中出现词汇话容两学生讨学毕业工作开头题考点句第轮话问句里细节题轮话女生提问男生回答重点听男生说话难发现 only 句子细节题第二题轮话重点然男生说者女生说方容轮话男生提问重点听女生关注but转折容
M Emma I’ve got accepted to the university of Leads Since you’re going to university in England do you know how much it is for international students to study there
W Congratulations Yes I believe for international students you’ll have to pay around 13000 pounds a year it’s just a bit more than the local students
M OK that’s about 17000 dollars for the tuition and fees Anyway I’m only going to be there for a year doing my masters So it’s pretty good If I stayed in the US it’d take 2 years and cost at least 50000 dollars in tuition alone Also I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leads which would be pretty awesome the benefit of being a music genius
W Yeah I heard you are a talented piano player So you are doing a post graduate degree now I’m still in my last year graduating next June Finally I’ll be done with my studies and could go on to earning lots of money
M Are you still planning on being a teacher No money at that job then
W You’d be surprised I’m still going to be a teacher But the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so experience in England It’s better paid and I get to travel which reminds me I’m late for my class and I’ve got some documents I need to print out first I’ve got to run
Questions 12—15 are based on the conversation you have just heard
12 What does the man want to know
13 What is the man going to do
14 What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the leads university
15 What is the woman planning to do after graduation
Passage 1
短文第篇说明介绍性文章介绍蚂蚁着重介绍类房屋危害蚂蚁品种文章旨题答案出现听力开篇处第二题出现位置较需考生保持耐心听in addition 时候紧张起听答案句道题出结尾处反复出现信息
原文：
Scientists have identified thousands of known ants species around the world And only a few of them bug humans Most ants live in the woods or out in nature There they keep other creatures in check distribute seeds and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans But those are incredibly challenging to control They are small enough to easily slip inside your house Live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands and reproduce quickly That makes them good at getting in and hard to kick out Once they settle in these insects start affecting your home In addition to barging ants other species can cause different kinds of damage Some like carpenter ants can undermine a home structure while others interfere with the electrical units
Unfortunately our homes are very attractive to ants because it provides everything the colony needs to survive such as food water and shelter So how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes Most important of all avoid giving ants any access to food particularly sugary food because ants have a sweet tooth We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store food in airtight containers Even garbage attracts ants so empty your trash as often as possible And store your outside garbage in a lidded can while away from doors and windows
Questions 16—18 are based on the conversation you have just heard
16 What does the passage say about ants
17 What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants
18 What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes
Passage 2
短文第2篇篇述介绍老年保健领域研究工作体裁接午六级section C文章旨题答案出现听力开篇处第句话直接出答案开头走神考生容易失第道题答案细节题细节题第2 题位置接通反复听old health难找答案
原文：
My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age So the job of the immune system is to fight infections It also protects us from viruses and from autoimmune diseases We know that as we get older it's easier for us to get affections So older adults have more chances of falling ill This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when we age In most of our work when we were looking at older adults who’ve got an illness we always have to have health controls So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called the One Thousand Elders these volunteers are all 65 or over but in good health They come to the university to provide us with blood samples to be interviewed and to help us to carry out a whole range of research The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age At the moment we are living much longer Life expectancy is increasing at 2 years for every decade that means an extra 5 hours a day I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age and that they are not spending time in hospital with infection Felling unwell and being generally weak we want people to be healthy even when they are old
Questions 19—21 are based on the passage you have just heard
19 What is the focus of the speaker’s research
20 What are the volunteers are asked to do in the research
21 What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research
Passage 3
短文第3篇记叙文物事题介绍老师学教授国际象棋事介绍学教学特点介绍学校物事四级短文出现次类型
1 第题答案然出现听力开篇处第句话直接出答案
2 细节题
3 细节题
4 细节题
When Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Kilip Elementary he didn’t know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students he noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kid would get together to play chess I know how to play chess let me go and show these kids how to do it he said Now Komada coaches the school’s chess team The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school And this week dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of Chess The competition only happens every four years and the last time the team went they won the third place in the nation Komada says Chess gives him and his students control The school has the highest number of kids from lowincome families Police frequent the area day and night As 2 months ago a young man was shot just down the street Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it The lessons proved valuable outside the classroom as well Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble
Questions 22—25 are based on the passage you have just heard
22 What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary
23 What are dozens of students from Komada’s school going to do this week
24 What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary
25 What have the students learned from Komada
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (暗礁) perfect for scuba driving (水肺式潜泳) and preserving marine 26 Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship and it wouldn’t normally ever touch water an Airbus A300 The hollowedout A300 was 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourist to the area
The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane’s 31 Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US100000but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks As far as sunken planes gothis Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever
Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver’s paradise(天堂)
A) create B) depressed C) eventually D) Experiences E) exploring F) exterior G) habitats H) innovate
I)intentionally J)investment K)revealing L)stretches
M)stripped N)territory O)victim
答案：26 G 27 M 28 A 29 L 30C 31F 32 J 33 O 34 I 35 E
答案解析
26 根空格位置marine处形容词判断出26题应名词marine意思海生海运固定搭配marine habitat海洋栖息题答案Ghabitat栖息
27 根空格位置词性应该动词动态篇文章A300持肯定态度句想表达A300环境没潜坏处答案应M be stripped of意剥夺
28 题空格前will 处应填动词原形选项中动词原形AH 根句意知沉没飞机工珊瑚长更题答案Acreate创造产生
29 处应填动词原形语plane谓语动词应单三形式答案Lstretches意延伸处指飞机机身总长54米
30 处应填副词修饰面be able to venture 答案应锁定CeventuallyLintentionally句话意思水肺式潜水者够船舱险选项Ceventually终更符合句意
31 处应填名词形式空格前plane’s名词选项FN空格处前半句时候水肺式潜水者够船舱险半句应该船舱外面险答案Fexterior外部表面
32 空格前on that处应名词句话意：买架飞机花钱希通旅游业够投资回报答案Jinvestment投资
33 处应填名词形式空格容严重致命恐怖袭击空格处应victim受害者答案O
34 处应副词形式副词修饰形容词largest副词剩Iintentionally目性意修饰面sunk 题答案I
35 题应ving形式and前taking a trip underwater保持列EexploringKrevealingving形式根句句意Eexploring探索更符合句意句话意思水旅行探索沉没A300部会场险
Section B
Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
Resilience Is About How You Recharge Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2yearold we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane undistracted by phones friends or movies We race to get all our ground work done packing going through security doing a lastminute work call calling each other then boarding the plane Then when we try to have that amazing work session in flight we get nothing done Even worse after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up
[B] Why should flying deplete us We’re just sitting there doing nothing Why can’t we be tougher more resilient (复原力) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves Based on our current research we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient and the resulting impact of overworking
[C] We often take a militaristic tough approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud a boxer going one more round or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play We believe that the longer we tough it out the tougher we are and therefore the more successful we will be However this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies 62 billion a year in lost productivity
[E] And just because work stops it doesn’t mean we are recovering We stop work sometimes at 5pm but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems talking about our work over dinner and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow In a study just released researchers from Norway found that 78 of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂) The scientists cite a definition of workaholism as being overly concerned about work driven by an uncontrollable work motivation and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas
[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the US Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project What a distortion of resilience A resilient child is a wellrested one When an exhausted student goes to school he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test he has lower selfcontrol with his friends and at home he is moody with his parents Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written if you have too much time in the performance zone you need more time in the recovery zone otherwise you risk burnout Gathering your resources to try hard requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level It also worsens exhaustion Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us
[I] So how do we recover and build resilience Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper your brain will naturally recover so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning you’ll have your energy back But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work If you lie in bed for eight hours you may have rested but you can still feel exhausted the next day That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing
[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work you need adequate internal and external recovery periods As researchers Zijlstra Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—eg in the free time between the work days and during weekends holidays or vacations If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do
[K] If you really want to build resilience you can start by strategically stopping Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day If every distraction took only 1 minute that would account for 25 hours a day
[L] In addition you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries Try to not have lunch at your desk but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work Take all of your paid time off which not only gives you recovery periods but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion
[M] As for us we’ve started using our plane time as a workfree zone and thus time to dip into the recovery phase The results have been fantastic We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging Now instead of swimming upstream we relax sleep watch movies or listen to music And when we get off the plane instead of being depleted we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone
36 It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents
37 Mental relaxation is much needed just as physical relaxation is
38 Adequate rest not only helps one recover but also increases one’s work efficiency
39 The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight
40 Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working
41 It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking
42 Contrary to popular belief rest does not equal recovery
43 The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience
44 People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing
45 People tend to think the more determined they are the greater their success will be
答案：
答案：36D 37 J 38 L 39 A 40 E 41 K 42 I 43B 44 G 45 C
36 答案：D题干中inadequate recovery换原文D段中lack of a recovery
37 答案：J题干中relaxation is much needed just as physical relaxation is换原文J段中第二句the mental or physical resources required
38 答案：L题干中increases one’s work efficiency换原文L段句中raises your productivity
39 答案：A题干中has a hectic time before taking a flight换原文A段第三句中Then when we try to have that amazing work session in flight
40 答案：E题干中Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working换原文E段第句And just because work stops it doesn’t mean we are recovering
41 答案：K题干中technology be used to prevent people from overworking换原文K段第二句中by using technology to control overworking
42 答案：I题干中rest does not equal recovery换原文I段中句That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing
43 答案：B题干中problem results from a misunderstanding换原文B段句中the problem comes from a misconception
44 答案：G题干中developed from their upbringing换原文G段中第句often bred from an early age
45 答案：C题干中People tend to think the more determined they are the greater their success will be换原文C段第二句中We believe that the longer we tough it out the tougher we are and therefore the more successful we will be
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding……
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls But it might be time …… training—this summer a group of culture addicts artists and community organization … New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island
The project is called Writing On it All and it’s a participatory writing project … that has happened on Governor’s Island every summer since 2013
Most of the participants are people who are just walking by or are on the island…or they just kind of happen to be there Alexandra Chasin artistic director…… tells Smithsoniancom
The 2016 season runs through June 26 and features sessions facilitated by …to domestic workers Each session has a theme and participants are give …and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art …range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one……of exile
…vernor’s Island is a national historic landmark district long used for …own as New York’s shared space for art and play the island …… and Brooklyn in Upper New York Bay is closed to cars but open to …for festivals picnics adventures as well as these legal graffiti(涂鸦)…… notes and art scribbled (涂画)on the walls are an experiment in self…… have ranged in age from 2 to 85Though Chasin says the focus of…activity of writing rather than the text that ends up getting written some of the work that comes out of the sessions has stuck with her
One of the sessions that moved me the most was state violence on black women and black girls says Chasin explaining that in one room people wrote down the names of those killed because of it people do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages
46 what does the project Writing On It All invite people to do
A) Unlearn their training in drawing
B) Participate in a state graffiti show
C) Cover the walls of an old house with graffiti
D) Exhibit their artistic creation in an old house
47 what do we learn about the participants in the project
A) They are just culture addicts C)They are writers and artists
B) They are graffiti enthusiasts D)They are mostly passersby
48 What did the project participants do during the 2016 season
A) They were free to scribble on the walls whatever came to their mind
B) They expressed their thoughts in graffiti on the theme of each session
C) They learned the techniques of collaborative writing
D) They were required to cooperate with other creators
49 What kind of place is Governor’s Island
A) It is a historic site that attracts tourists and artists
B) It is an area now accessible only to tourist vehicles
C) It is a place in Upper New York Bay formerly used for exiles
D) It is an open area for tourists to enjoy themselves year round
50 What does Chasin say about the project
A) It just focused on the sufferings of black females
B) It helped expand the influence of graffiti art
C) It has started the career of many creative artists
D) It has created some meaningful artistic works
答案CDBAD
解析
46 选C换原文para1中to write all over the walls of an old house on Governor’s Island
A：原文11细节信息改写重组：原文11中learn改成unlearn 结合train贺draw两原文复现词汇组合成该干扰选项
B：原文信息增补文中未提活动场show学生易选该选项受21participatory词干扰
D：属中生artistic creations 未出现
47 选D定位词participants定位31D选项原文people who are just walking by 进行改写
ACB选项受12中信息culture addicts artists…等干扰
48 选B定位词2016season 回原文para4 B答案42Each season has a theme and participants are given … and prompts and asked to cover surfaces with their thoughts and art
A 原文未提be free to scribble
C：受44中collaborative词干扰原文进行概念偷换
D：求创作者协合作符合常识易学生搞混
49 选AA原文51… is a national historic landmark district long used for …改写
B：错only to 原文54说明岛屿会象开放
C：原文细节信息重组4553重组出错误信息
D：中生
50 选D63people do beautiful work and leave beautiful messages改写
A：错just focused on…原文未提点
B：错help expand the influence of…选项符合常识易选
C：开启许创造性艺术家事业生涯符合常识选项易选原文未提点
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available While they sound efficient costsaving a recent study reports that they are not effective primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them
The study looked at computerassisted cognitive behavioral therapy for depression helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors However online CBT programs have been gaining popularity with the attraction of providing lowcost help wherever someone has access to a computer
A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (机) control trialwith691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across the England The patients were split into three groups one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs Participants were balanced across the three groups for age sex educational background severity and duration of depression and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药)
After four months the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors
It’s an important cautionary note that we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists says Christopher Dowrick a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool We do still need the human touch or the human interaction particularly when people are depressed
Being depressed can mean feeling lost in your own small negative dark world Dowrick says Having a person instead of a computer reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation When you’re emotionally vulnerable you’re even more need of a caring human beings he says
51 What does the recent study say about online CBT programs
A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure
B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer
C) They can save patients trouble visiting physicians
D) They have been well received by a lot of patients
52 What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular
A) Their effectiveness in combating depression
B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy
C) Their easy and inexpensive access by patients
D) The recommendation by primary care doctors
53 What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York
A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from……
B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than a……
C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is mos……
D) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extrer……
54……is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs
A)They should not be neglected in primary care
B)Their effectiveness should not be overestimated
C)They should be used by strictly following instructions
D)Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists
55……more important to an emotionally vulnerable person
A) positive state of mind C)Timely encouragement
B) Appropriate medication D)Human inter……
答案ACABD
解析
51 What does the recent study say about online CBT programs
解析题干关键词the recent studyCBT定位第段第二句第二段第句第段第二句已出研究观点not effective原because引导容are not likely to engage with them or stick with them出抑郁症患者太参坚持完全程应A选项Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure
52 What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular
解析题干关键词CBTincreasingly popular定位第三段句online CBT programs have been gaining popularity受欢迎素紧——low cost helpaccess to a computer选项CTheir easier and inexpensive access by patients原文义换答案
53 What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York
解析题干关键词researchersthe University of York定位第四段第四段描述研究容程题干问major finding第五段找——had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors两种治疗方法进行发现网络CBT疗法病没更效改善应选项A Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from p
54 What is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs
解析题干关键词Professor Dowrick定位第六段第六段第句话Dowrick教授建议——we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists教授建议应该沉迷电脑系统代医生治疗专家观点应B选项Their effectiveness should be not be overestimated
55 What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person
解析题干关键词emotionally vulnerable person定位段句a caring human being需应D选项Human interaction
Part IV Translation(30 minutes)
DirectionsFor this partyou are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into EnglishYou should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
剪纸中国民间艺术种独特形式已2000年历史剪纸源汉代继纸张发明中国许方普剪纸材料工具简单：纸剪刀剪纸作品通常红纸做成红色中国传统文化中幸福相联婚礼春节等喜庆场合红颜色剪纸门窗装饰首选
译文Paper cutting with a history of 2000 years is a unique form of Chinese folk arts It probably originated from Han Dynasty after the invention of the paper Since then it has gained popularity in many parts of China The material and the tool used for paper cutting are very simple paper and scissors The papercutting artwork is usually made of the red paper because the color red is connected with happiness in traditional Chinese culture Therefore the red papercutting is the first option of the door and window decoration in joyous occasion such as weddings and the Spring Festival
逐句解析
(1)剪纸中国民间艺术种独特形式已2000年历史
解析考查动词翻译技巧：语剪纸两谓语中动词处理成谓语动词处理成非谓语介词者形式考查置定语翻译技巧剪纸：paper cutting民间艺术：folk art 独特：unique形式：form
参考答案Paper cutting with a history of 2000 years is a unique form of Chinese folk arts
者Paper cutting a unique form of Chinese folk arts has a history of 2000 years
(2)剪纸源汉代继纸张发明
解析考查动词翻译技巧语剪纸源()继…两动词中动词处理成谓语动词处理成非谓语介词者形式源：originate frombe date back to等：probably汉代：Han Dynasty发明：invention(n)
参考答案It probably originated from Han Dynasty after the invention of the paper
(3)中国许方普
解析考查状语翻译语序完成时态：since then普：become universal gain popularity中国许方：in many parts of China
参考答案Since then it has gained popularity in many parts of China
(4)剪纸材料工具简单：纸剪刀
解析考查置定语翻译干材料工具简单修饰剪纸译文used for paper cutting材料：material工具：tool剪刀：scissors
参考答案The material and the tool used for paper cutting are very simple paper and scissors
(5)剪纸作品通常红纸做成红色中国传统文化中幸福相联
解析考查动结构翻译：……做成 is made of剪纸作品：papercutting artwork…相联：be associated with be connected with be related to 中国传统文化 Chinese traditional culture
参考答案The papercutting artwork is usually made of the red paper because the color red is connected with happiness in Chinese traditional culture
(6)婚礼春节等喜庆场合红颜色剪纸门窗装饰首选
解析考查置定语翻译门窗装饰首选译文首选 of 门窗装饰婚礼：wedding春节：the Spring Festival喜庆场合：joyous occasion门窗装饰：the door and window decoration首选：first option choice
参考答案Therefore the red papercutting is the first option of the door and window decoration in joyous occasion such as weddings and the Spring Festival
者Therefore people decorate their doors and windows with the red papercutting as the first option in joyous occasion such as weddings and the Spring Festival
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