Unit One
1 the entire previous history of humankind (类）
2 due principally (chiefly) to
3 to rescue (save) civilization from
4 the dread (fearful) shadow of diseases
5 the conscience (觉悟）and concern of scientists
6 driving forces (动力）
7 to advance (promote) health
8 the amplification (增）of virus
9 tissue culture (培养）
10 killed and live attenuated (减弱）vaccines
11 national immunization (免疫）days
12 monitoring (监测）methods
13 worldwide eradication (elimination) of polio
14 little reason for complacency (满）
15 microbial (微生物）enemies
16 temporary (暂时）victories
17 be adept (skillful) at developing new defenses
18 to facilitate (便利）the spread of epidemics
19 political and economic mismanagement (理善)
20 the deprivation (poverty) of population
21 to address (deal with) the largest disease burden
22 major scourge (灾祸）such as malaria and AIDS
23 in an interdisciplinary (跨学科)way
24 talented (）young scientists
25 to underwrite (support) their mission
26 stunning pace (speed rate) of change
27 potential passion and perception (洞察力）of scientists
29 to address (attend to) global health needs
30 to make deliberate (慎重）use of it
31 to bear (keep) in mind that
32 strategically (战略）placed on
33 the scientific underpinning (基础）of policy
34 evidencebased (循证）policy
35 policy setting (establishment)
36 to bear on (影响）the wellbeing of people
37 a(n) terminally ill patient (终病）
38 metastatic (转移）renal cancer
39 our beloved (热爱）profession
40 our zeal (enthusiasm) for medical science
41 bedside (clinical) care
42 to conduct groundbreaking (突破）research
43 a(n) noble (崇高）calling
44 a(n) oral formulation ( 口月服制剂）of morphine
45 bone metastasis 转移）
46 radicular (根）pain
47 spinal (脊柱）root
48 to counsel (忠告）the terminally ill patient
49 to reflect upon (反省）my profession
50 caring and compassionate (情心）
51 chemotherapeutic (化疗）agents
52 to shower their patients with genuine (true) love and compassion
53 emotional and physical (身体）support
54 dignity (尊严）and compassion
55 combination (cooperation) of physicians and nurses
56 to attend to (address meet satisfy) the physical
57 the bureaucrats (官僚）and administrators
58 the inflated price tag (物价涨）
59 precious (very extremely) few
60 the threat of litigation (诉讼）
61 an ethical legal and economic consensus (agreement)
62 to allocate (分酉）these resources
63 to pass health care legislation (立法）
64 assemblyline mentality (理念）
65 unethical in the extreme (极度非常）
66 the application of scientific inquiry (investigation)
67 to die naturally and humanely (道）
68 inauguration (职）speech
69 to garner (acquire obtain) more support
70 to venture (go) beyond
71 the walls of the ivory tower (象牙塔）
72 a more entrenched (deeply rooted) obstacle
73 Up service (口惠）
74 a(n) innovative (革新）program
75 a growing nucleus (核心）of
76 between academia (学术界）and industry
77 the messy fray (争）of democracy
78 the scientific community (科技界）
79 a(n) chaotic (混舌L）realm
80 a(n) enlightened (文明）citizenry
81 politicians and lobbyists (说客）
Unit Two
1 the acquisition (获）of knowledge
2 a(n) prized (珍贵）commodity
3 the role of breadwinner (家庭支柱）
4 the family boarding (供膳宿）house
5 (勤劳）industriously generated profits
6 Dad' consistent (贯）message
7 extracurricular (课夕卜）activities
8 a(n) avid (渴求）reader
9 glowing approbation (称赞）
10 distinctly different flavors (韵味）
11 a(n) academic (教学）physician
12 to delight in (热衷）learning
13 to need a(n) reminder (提示）
14 collegial teasing (逗乐）
15 at the crack of dawn (黎明）
16 to smile graciously (蔼）
17 in a very heavy accent (口音）
18 nostalgic (怀旧）reminiscence
19 the privilege (特权）of learning
20 reverence (respect) for knowledge
21 a frustrating and inefficient (低效率）process
22 to assemble (收集）paper charts
23 to become intimately (深深）aware of
24 a young enthusiastic idealistic (理想义 ) person
25 a(n) compassionate (情心）clinician
26 to employ that knowledge reliably (）
27 to immerse (沉浸）myself in the hospital
28 jampacked (crowded) emergency departments
29 primary (初级）prevention
30 extraordinary (极度）waste
31 to remedy (correct) these problems
32 insightful (见识)teachers and colleagues
33 miraculous (奇迹般）tools 10 to bestowed (赐予）the gift of prophecy
34 to orchestrate (coordinate) conversation and 11 the camaraderie (志情谊）of making music
49 accelerate (力口快）the redefinition of science 26
cooperation
35 interdisciplinary (交叉学科）teamwork
36 the medical establishment (system)
37 untapped (未汲取）resource
38 to channel (弓 1导）the energy into
39 exuberant (精力旺盛）practitioners
40 disparities (差异）of quality
41 health care settings (环境）
42 introductory (入门）science course
43 the distinguished (杰出）committee of scientists
44 natural phenomena (现象）
45 active inquiry (exploration)
46 quality assessments 评估）
47 to explicitly (明确）measure
48 to energetically (积极）advertise and explain
education
50 to need urgently (急迫）
Unit Three
1 a(n) general (普夕卜）surgeon
2 specialty (专科）surgeons
3 a(n) plastic (整形）surgeon
4 a hospital administrator (行政员)
5 to review a(n) untimely(早）death
6 to reprimand (训斥）a disgraced colleague
7 medical consultation (会诊）
8 the melding (combining) of music and medicine
9 a(n) gifted (天赋）musician
together
12 a time capsule (时光锦囊）
13 a(n) theme (题）party
14 in the seasonality (季节性）of medical practice
15 the cruelest hoax (戏弄）
16 blossoms (生气盎然）of rebirth
17 child abuse (童虐）
18 to become prevalent (盛行）
19 domestic violence (家庭暴力）
20 psychiatric (精神病）symptoms
21 to share similar concerns (忧虑）
22 to approach (treat) music as therapy
23 entertainment (娱乐）value
24 to remove one inner (心）restlessness
25 to quiet the agitation (anxiety) of ceaseless thinking the reduction of psychophysiologic (心理生理） stress
27 on a(n) therapeutic (治疗）level
28 the harried (烦扰）left hemisphere
29 the limbic system (脑边缘系统）
30 pitch and rhythm (节奏）
31 to have alternative (选择）plans
32 bodily (physical) health
33 enrichment (充实）of the spirit
34 nostalgic (怀旧）foray into the music of the 1940s
35 to add balance to one' existence (生存）
36 the harmonies (声）and rhythms
37 statistically (统计）significant
38 anniversary (周年纪念日）dinner candles
39 the diagnoses that reek (散发出）frustration
40 the rule out (exclude) fibromyalgia
41 a freeflowing account (叙述）of her symptoms
42 to resort to (诉诸）the last refuge
43 the harried (烦扰）physician
44 the winddriven sleet (雨夹雪）
45 the capricious (变化莫测）nature of the events
46 the conspiracy (阴谋）of machinery
47 near the edge (边缘）of tolerance
48 to restore equanimity (镇定静)
49 a service profession (occupation)
50 poorly articulated (expressed)
51 to succumb to (die of) melanoma
52 bone metastases 转移）
53 to ease (relieve) the loneliness fear and emotional suffering
54 to have unrealistic (切实际）expectations
55 a(n) attentive (专心）understanding ear
56 the currency of the realm (领域里流行）
57 the medical interview (问诊）
58 to notice my heart pounding (beating)
59 the feel of sweat on one foreheads(前额）
60 a(n) triage (病鉴分类）sheet
61 grumbling (饥肠辘辘）stomach
62 racism and hatred (仇恨）
63 aches (疼痛）and pains
64 billing sheets (账单）
65 primary physician (初级保健医生）
66 to access (use) the computer
67 periodic (定期）checks
68 to shrug one ' s shoulder耸肩）
Unit Four
1 with the advent of (着 ）
2 become laden with (full of)
3 corporate (公司）management
4 to articulate (voice) ageold frustrations
5 forwardthinking and laudable (值称赞） concepts
6 preventive interventions (介入）
7 reparative (治疗）interventions
8 those in pinstripes (商）
9 conceptual (观念）constructs
10 ostensibly (obviously) because
11 allied (行）health professionals
12 routine (常规）medical care
13 to carry a(n) connotation (含义）of
14 integral (组成部分）components
15 to give the advantage of (利）
16 to diluting (稀释）identification
17 the recipient (接受者）of medical care
18 to endure (忍受）pain calmly
19 the vernacular (jargon) of managed care
20 more literally (确切）
21 to provide an impetus (动力）for
22 of a(n) Faustian (浮士德式）nature
23 society in general (整社会）
24 to serve a(n) nominative (称谓）function
25 too obtuse (迟钝）to declare openly
26 as accurately (精确）as possible
27 the jargon (vernacular) of managed care
28 in the final analysis (总）
29 to make a(n) career of ( 事业）
30 to acquiesce (默许）the shifting currents
31 the timbre (基调）of the debate
32 to stretch (extend) myself toward the model
33 seemly fitting and decent (正派）
34 to increase consistency (致性）of record keeping
35 to decrease the cost of transcription (抄写）
36 on a(n) whim (时兴致）
37 to leaf through (翻阅）records
38 the terse (concise) language
39 between tidy and almost illegible (难辨认）
40 a(n) reproducible (复制)and less personal format
41 to stir (激动）and touch me
42 peripheral neuropathy (神病）
43 a mind jumbled and bruised (挫伤）
44 with my own slant (观点）on things
45 to scratch one'head (感困惑）
46 to decipher (decode) what I really meant
47 loopy (潦草）handwriting
48 hospice (终关怀）volunteer
49 to make eye contact (眼神交流）
50 behavioral (行）disturbance
51 have the right to privacy (隐私）
52 depressive disorder (忧P症）
53 a(n) concrete (具体存）plan
54 to voice (articulate) grievances
55 without discrimination of reprisal (报复）
56 the newspaper obituary (计告）
57 outrageous (寻常）acts
58 everyday rebellious (反抗）
Unit Five
1 annual (yearly) meeting
2 especially timely (in time)
3 harsh (严厉）penalty
4 scientific illiteracy (ignorance)
5 unprecedented (前未)financial and policy support
6 the general citizenry (公民）
7 to hold scientists in high regard (respect)
8 the integrity (honesty) and credibility of science
9 a(n) spate of (量）recent incidents
10 research accomplishments (研究成果）
11 the implications (影响结果）of scientific discoveries
12 substantial (巨）tension
13 religious (宗教）beliefs
14 embryonic (胚胎）stem cells
15 scientific advances (进展）
16 a high priority (务急头等事）
17 a(n) genuine (真诚）dialogue
18 inappropriate (improper) behavior
19 out of proportion (成例）to
20 widely publicized examples (广泛报道事例）
21 scientific misconduct (端行）
22 accusations (指责）of misconduct
23 to tarnish (站污败坏）the image
24 to diminish (降低）the credibility of
25 the entire scientific enterprise (事业）
26 undisclosed (未披露）conflicts of interest
27 to overinterpret (夸词)scientific facts
28 scientific behavioral norms (规范）and standards
29 allegorically (喻）speaking
30 to listen for clues (evidences) of disease
31 to look for signs of pathology (病理）
32 bloodshot (充血）eyes
33 to no avail (济事）
34 blunt chest trauma (创伤）
35 mutual partings of the way (分道扬镳）
36 declared (公然）and naked hate
37 medicolegal (医学法律）liabilities
38 in imminent (immediate) danger
39 in the ideal and neutral configuration (处境）
40 to update (更新）him on his condition
41 to order serial radiographs (系列 X 光相检查）
42 to obtain daily arterial (动脉）blood gases
43 to follow hematocrits (血细胞容）
44 a broken ailing (病态）and sorry soul
45 surgical intervention (介入）
46 shell of prejudice (偏见歧视）
47 intellectual (理智）isolation
48 to accept consolation (安慰）
49 legend has it (传说）
50 a(n) inscription (铭文）bearing the words
51 to uncover (reveal) truths
52 odd scraps (零碎）of evidence
53 the paucity (lack) of data
54 gender (sex) roles
55 the combustibility (易怒性）of the interface
56 to steer clear of (avoid)
57 under the unifying framework (框架）
58 human behavioral ecology (生态学）
59 to pursue (explore) similar questions
60 the ethnographic (种学）data
61 outdated (obsolete outofdate) versions
62 mathematical (数学）analyses
63 to foster (nurture) dialogue between
64 highly interconnected (互相连接）cities
65 diverse (distinct different) areas of research
66 to deliver (传递）an optimistic message Unit Six
1 successive (相继）generations
2 functionality and versatility (途）
3 added (附加）functionality
4 moral (道德）standards
5 ethical (伦理）principles
6 behavioral (行）guidelines
7 a long and arduous (艰巨）evolutionary process
8 social discord (谐）
9 to make improvement (改进）
10 remote ancestors (祖先）
11 the evolutionary (进化）tree
12 solitary (独居）predators
13 a(n) extended family (家庭）
14 wandering (居定）bands
15 a(n) embryonic (萌芽期）Golden Rule
16 the physical environment (物质环境）
17 parental supervision (监护）
18 the practice of monogamy ( 夫妻制)
19 verbal symbols (语言符号）
20 ancestral primates (灵长类）
21 Homo sapiens (智）
22 archaic (古代）humans
23 in extreme (极端）cases
24 think in abstractions (抽象）
25 in critically (vitally) important ways
26 to populate (定居）the habitable world
27 formed confederations (盟）of tribes
28 to multiply explosively (剧增）
29 on a(n) grander (large) scale
30 trade and commerce (商业）
31 cultural markers (标识）
32 conventions (社会俗）in dress and manners
33 the basic template (model)
34 kingdoms and empires (帝国）
35 the time frames (时段）
36 at the dawn (拂晓）of a new millennium
37 galloping (飞速）technological change
38 to facilitate (promote) cooperation
39 fully explored an defined (定义）
40 our archive (档案）of past experience
41 forethinking (超前意识）imagination
42 a date with immortality (流芳百世）
43 natural riches (resources)
44 common kinship (亲属关系）
45 to have a social dimension (aspect)
46 noble ambitions (抱负）
47 a(n) fiercely (激烈）competitive world
48 impartial (偏见）consideration
49 pretexts and apologias (辩解）
50 the scientific enterprise (事业）
51 to pay particular heed (attention) to
52 social implications (consequences)
53 the scientific endeavor (effort)
54 trust in authority (权威）
55 mores and prejudices (偏见）
56 objective and reliable (）
57 a(n) stern (strict) restraint
58 communal (collective) will
59 fertility (受孕）clinics
60 to create quite a stir (轰动）
61 a(n) affront (犯）to human dignity
62 those on the fringes (极端分子）
63 with credentials and track records (业绩）
64 to pioneer the use of (首先)
65 reproductive (生殖）biology
66 surrogate (代孕）mums
67 adoption (领养）agencies
68 a(n) joJi (刺激）of electricity
69 a(n) staggering (惊）97 per cent
70 a(n) reckless (鲁莽）waste of time and energy
71 miscarriages or abortions (堕胎）
72 sickly of deformed (畸形）
73 the sole (only) survivor
74 wrong instincts (直觉）
Unit Seven
1 the scientific triumphs (accomplishment)
2 the past millennium (千年）
3 to honor (敬重）the origins of science
4 to give grateful (感激）thanks to
5 a(n) magical (神秘）view
6 in concrete (具体）terms
7 rational (理性）argument
8 a natural mode (pattern) of thought
9 to be beautifully illustrated (举例说明）
10 to have the honor (荣幸）of
11 the opposite angles (角）
12 the centre of gravity (重心）
13 to arrive at (reach) a proof
14 an elegant rebuttal (反驳）
15 applied (应）mathematician
16 vigorous (激烈）debate and discussion of evidence
17 the admiration (赞赏）of one'peers
18 to challenge authority (权威）
19 to point out forcibly (强烈）
20 debt and credit (贷）
21 political disputes (争）
22 social castes (等级）
23 national boundaries (国界）
24 philosophical distinctions (辨1J)
25 in the philosophy bz_(圈子）
26 a dichotomy or a(n) continuum (连续体）
27 mental constructs (构想）
28 highly abstract (抽象）things
29 to spill much ink over (花费量笔墨）
30 autonomous (独立）individuals
31 dress codes 规范）
32 at one'core (核心）
33 the interaction of individuals (）
34 primary (基）sensations
35 the end of the scale (标度终点）
36 a highly vociferous (激烈）debate
37 in circles of philosophy (哲学圈里）
38 be wet blankets (令扫兴）at parties
39 abstruse (深奥）conditions
40 chemical composition (成分）
41 at the cutting edge (前）of science
42 genetically modified (转基）crops
43 to make headlines (成报纸头条新闻）
44 the influential (影响）climate researcher
45 to strike a balance (达衡）
46 the justifiability (合理性）of animal experiments
47 celebrity endorsement (support)
48 to make assertions (claims)
49 eminent (著名）researchers
50 to sign a(n) declaration (宣言）
51 an impressive rejoinder (rebuttal)
52 to trace (追溯）the origins of
53 to engender (produce) trust
54 the imprimatur (recognition) of the scientific academy
55 in the refereed (审阅）literature
56 lobby groups (游说集团）
57 to place a clear obligation (responsibility) on
58 to substantiate (prove) it with evidence
59 in all probability (）
60 intellectual authority (权威）
61 to provide invaluable weight (重量）of evidence
15 to be skewed (偏离）by the prism of past experience 42
62 the reliable (信）outcome
63 toxicity (毒性）testing
64 to toss a coin (掷硬币决定）
65 authority figures (权威士）
66 scientific credibility (信性）
67 expensive and timeconsuming (耗时）
68 intellectual integrity (honesty)
Unit Eight
1 the theory of relatively (相）
2 thinking strategies (策略）
3 to illuminate (阐明）nothing
4 the piles of data (成堆数）
5 runofthemill (ordinary) physicists
6 extraordinary (非）genius
7 a(n) extraordinarily (异常）high IQ
8 considerable debate (argument)
9 average (均普通）intelligence
10 to fixate on (注意力集中）something
11 the most promising (likely) approach
12 to be arrogantly (傲慢）certain of
13 to find a needle in a haystack (海捞针）
14 to be encountered (遇）a problem
16 to foster rigidity (僵化）of thought
17 superficially (浅薄）similar
18 to lead the thinker astray (误入歧途）
19 a gene pool (基库）
20 genetically encoded (编码）wisdom
21 a rich repertoire (collection) of ideas and concepts
22 to survive and prosper (蓬勃发展）
23 to become stagnant (停滞）
24 the most distinguished (卓越）experts
25 to be conditioned (制约）to think
26 a(n) expert (专家）taxonomist
27 the textbook case (典型例子）
28 analogous (拟）to biological evolution
29 a rich diversity of alternatives and conjectures (假 设）
30 a(n) departure (背离）from reproductive knowledge
31 a(n) prodigious (immense) variety of novel and original ideas
32 a(n) thumbnail (简略）description
33 to be biased (偏见）toward his usual way of seeing things
34 the essence 实质）of the problem
35 to abandon (抛弃）the initial approach
36 a(n) environmentfriendly (环保）fuel
37 to make his thought graphically (通图表）visible
38 visual and spatial (空间）abilities
39 immense (huge) productivity
40 the laws of heredity (遗传）
41 to make juxtapositions (置） to tolerate ambivalence (矛盾心理）between opposites
43 two incompatible (兼容）things
44 to perceive resemblance (similarities)
45 to draw a(n) analogy (类）
46 to render an overwhelming verdict (裁定）
47 a cultural icon (偶）
48 a rather fuzzy (模糊）understanding
49 the vastness (浩瀚)of the universe
50 previously held unquestionable (懈击)
51 to cast (投）doubt on
52 the reliability (性）of the investigators conclusions
53 the origin (起源）of genius
54 to yearn for (desire) genius
55 the intermingling (mix) of culture history and life experience
56 a history dating back to (追溯）Plato
57 to think the reverse (相反）
58 to govern (control) all organic life
59 an interacting hierarchy (order) of feedback systems
60 communities and ecosystems (生态系）
61 intellectual intuition (直觉）
62 to face strong opposition (反）
63 a(n) doctrinal (dogmatic) views Unit Nine
1 of ultimately lawful materialism (唯物）
2 as concisely (简明）as possible
3 organizes systematic enterprise (事业）
4 to condense (压缩）the knowledge
5 testable laws and principles (原理）
6 diagnostic (特征）features
7 confirmed or discarded (rejected)
8 to abstract (抽象化）the information
9 aesthetically (审美）most pleasing
10 universally (普遍）accepted scales
11 rendered unambiguous (明确）
12 proved consistent (致）with one another
13 ineradicable (根深蒂固）technical base
14 to satisfy (meet) personal psychological needs
15 to consume (take) large amounts of time
16 to yield (produce) negative or ambiguous results
17 administrative (行政）duties
18 original (原创性）research
19 no holds barred (清规戒律约束）
20 the frontier (前）of science
21 a(n) abstracted (抽象化）world
22 the mother lode (矿脉）
23 to practice elitism (精英义）without shame
24 to set foot on virgin soil (处女）
25 interpretation (阐释）and explanation
26 a scattering of icons (偶）
27 a great deal of bickering (口角争端)
28 a loose confederation (联邦）
29 petty fiefdoms (封）
30 to hope for a strike (意外成功）
31 the least conspiratorial (搞阴谋）of professions
32 the population at large (众）
33 from generous to predatory (贪婪）
34 (from) welladjusted to psychopathic (精神变态）
35 (from) causal (散漫）to driven
36 (from) gregarious to reclusive (隐居）
37 clinically certifiable (证明）
38 from venal (贪污腐败）to noble
39 in the temple (殿堂）of science
40 to achieve utilitarian (功利）ends
41 convincingly validated (verifiedproved)
42 to steer (驾驶航行）for blue water
43 to suffer boredom (单调）
44 under varying (changing) circumstances
45 statistical (统计）analyses
46 to reject null (价值）hypotheses
47 a(n) reputable (声誉)peerreviewed journal
48 to be indissolubly (坚摧）united
49 a(n) whizkid (outstanding) professor
50 a(n) obscure (名气）journal
51 to stiffen a slightly floppy (weak) argument
52 class or creed (宗教信仰）
53 organized skepticism (怀疑态度）
54 social conventions (俗）
55 mundane (世俗）practice
56 publish or perish (死亡）
57 to cite generously and meticulously ( 丝苟)
58 to fudge (捏造）data
59 to vilify (贬低）out opponents
60 personal credibility (信性）
61 driven shaped and honed (磨练）
62 to humbly (谦虚）accept realities
63 social imperatives (obligations)
64 competitive ambition (desire)
65 a(n) obsolete (out of date) ethos
66 to maximize (化）pleasure
67 to minimize (化）pain
68 to laud (称赞）a desirable personal characteristic
69 to avoid complacency (满）
70 to be wired (conditioned) to respond positively
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1 the entire previous history of humankind (类）
2 due principally (chiefly) to
3 to rescue (save) civilization from
4 the dread (fearful) shadow of diseases
5 the conscience (觉悟）and concern of scientists
6 driving forces (动力）
7 to advance (promote) health
8 the amplification (增）of virus
9 tissue culture (培养）
10 killed and live attenuated (减弱）vaccines
11 national immunization (免疫）days
12 monitoring (监测）methods
13 worldwide eradication (elimination) of polio
14 little reason for complacency (满）
15 microbial (微生物）enemies
16 temporary (暂时）victories
17 be adept (skillful) at developing new defenses
18 to facilitate (便利）the spread of epidemics
19 political and economic mismanagement (理善)
20 the deprivation (poverty) of population
21 to address (deal with) the largest disease burden
22 major scourge (灾祸）such as malaria and AIDS
23 in an interdisciplinary (跨学科)way
24 talented (）young scientists
25 to underwrite (support) their mission
26 stunning pace (speed rate) of change
27 potential passion and perception (洞察力）of scientists
29 to address (attend to) global health needs
30 to make deliberate (慎重）use of it
31 to bear (keep) in mind that
32 strategically (战略）placed on
33 the scientific underpinning (基础）of policy
34 evidencebased (循证）policy
35 policy setting (establishment)
36 to bear on (影响）the wellbeing of people
37 a(n) terminally ill patient (终病）
38 metastatic (转移）renal cancer
39 our beloved (热爱）profession
40 our zeal (enthusiasm) for medical science
41 bedside (clinical) care
42 to conduct groundbreaking (突破）research
43 a(n) noble (崇高）calling
44 a(n) oral formulation ( 口月服制剂）of morphine
45 bone metastasis 转移）
46 radicular (根）pain
47 spinal (脊柱）root
48 to counsel (忠告）the terminally ill patient
49 to reflect upon (反省）my profession
50 caring and compassionate (情心）
51 chemotherapeutic (化疗）agents
52 to shower their patients with genuine (true) love and compassion
53 emotional and physical (身体）support
54 dignity (尊严）and compassion
55 combination (cooperation) of physicians and nurses
56 to attend to (address meet satisfy) the physical
57 the bureaucrats (官僚）and administrators
58 the inflated price tag (物价涨）
59 precious (very extremely) few
60 the threat of litigation (诉讼）
61 an ethical legal and economic consensus (agreement)
62 to allocate (分酉）these resources
63 to pass health care legislation (立法）
64 assemblyline mentality (理念）
65 unethical in the extreme (极度非常）
66 the application of scientific inquiry (investigation)
67 to die naturally and humanely (道）
68 inauguration (职）speech
69 to garner (acquire obtain) more support
70 to venture (go) beyond
71 the walls of the ivory tower (象牙塔）
72 a more entrenched (deeply rooted) obstacle
73 Up service (口惠）
74 a(n) innovative (革新）program
75 a growing nucleus (核心）of
76 between academia (学术界）and industry
77 the messy fray (争）of democracy
78 the scientific community (科技界）
79 a(n) chaotic (混舌L）realm
80 a(n) enlightened (文明）citizenry
81 politicians and lobbyists (说客）
Unit Two
1 the acquisition (获）of knowledge
2 a(n) prized (珍贵）commodity
3 the role of breadwinner (家庭支柱）
4 the family boarding (供膳宿）house
5 (勤劳）industriously generated profits
6 Dad' consistent (贯）message
7 extracurricular (课夕卜）activities
8 a(n) avid (渴求）reader
9 glowing approbation (称赞）
10 distinctly different flavors (韵味）
11 a(n) academic (教学）physician
12 to delight in (热衷）learning
13 to need a(n) reminder (提示）
14 collegial teasing (逗乐）
15 at the crack of dawn (黎明）
16 to smile graciously (蔼）
17 in a very heavy accent (口音）
18 nostalgic (怀旧）reminiscence
19 the privilege (特权）of learning
20 reverence (respect) for knowledge
21 a frustrating and inefficient (低效率）process
22 to assemble (收集）paper charts
23 to become intimately (深深）aware of
24 a young enthusiastic idealistic (理想义 ) person
25 a(n) compassionate (情心）clinician
26 to employ that knowledge reliably (）
27 to immerse (沉浸）myself in the hospital
28 jampacked (crowded) emergency departments
29 primary (初级）prevention
30 extraordinary (极度）waste
31 to remedy (correct) these problems
32 insightful (见识)teachers and colleagues
33 miraculous (奇迹般）tools 10 to bestowed (赐予）the gift of prophecy
34 to orchestrate (coordinate) conversation and 11 the camaraderie (志情谊）of making music
49 accelerate (力口快）the redefinition of science 26
cooperation
35 interdisciplinary (交叉学科）teamwork
36 the medical establishment (system)
37 untapped (未汲取）resource
38 to channel (弓 1导）the energy into
39 exuberant (精力旺盛）practitioners
40 disparities (差异）of quality
41 health care settings (环境）
42 introductory (入门）science course
43 the distinguished (杰出）committee of scientists
44 natural phenomena (现象）
45 active inquiry (exploration)
46 quality assessments 评估）
47 to explicitly (明确）measure
48 to energetically (积极）advertise and explain
education
50 to need urgently (急迫）
Unit Three
1 a(n) general (普夕卜）surgeon
2 specialty (专科）surgeons
3 a(n) plastic (整形）surgeon
4 a hospital administrator (行政员)
5 to review a(n) untimely(早）death
6 to reprimand (训斥）a disgraced colleague
7 medical consultation (会诊）
8 the melding (combining) of music and medicine
9 a(n) gifted (天赋）musician
together
12 a time capsule (时光锦囊）
13 a(n) theme (题）party
14 in the seasonality (季节性）of medical practice
15 the cruelest hoax (戏弄）
16 blossoms (生气盎然）of rebirth
17 child abuse (童虐）
18 to become prevalent (盛行）
19 domestic violence (家庭暴力）
20 psychiatric (精神病）symptoms
21 to share similar concerns (忧虑）
22 to approach (treat) music as therapy
23 entertainment (娱乐）value
24 to remove one inner (心）restlessness
25 to quiet the agitation (anxiety) of ceaseless thinking the reduction of psychophysiologic (心理生理） stress
27 on a(n) therapeutic (治疗）level
28 the harried (烦扰）left hemisphere
29 the limbic system (脑边缘系统）
30 pitch and rhythm (节奏）
31 to have alternative (选择）plans
32 bodily (physical) health
33 enrichment (充实）of the spirit
34 nostalgic (怀旧）foray into the music of the 1940s
35 to add balance to one' existence (生存）
36 the harmonies (声）and rhythms
37 statistically (统计）significant
38 anniversary (周年纪念日）dinner candles
39 the diagnoses that reek (散发出）frustration
40 the rule out (exclude) fibromyalgia
41 a freeflowing account (叙述）of her symptoms
42 to resort to (诉诸）the last refuge
43 the harried (烦扰）physician
44 the winddriven sleet (雨夹雪）
45 the capricious (变化莫测）nature of the events
46 the conspiracy (阴谋）of machinery
47 near the edge (边缘）of tolerance
48 to restore equanimity (镇定静)
49 a service profession (occupation)
50 poorly articulated (expressed)
51 to succumb to (die of) melanoma
52 bone metastases 转移）
53 to ease (relieve) the loneliness fear and emotional suffering
54 to have unrealistic (切实际）expectations
55 a(n) attentive (专心）understanding ear
56 the currency of the realm (领域里流行）
57 the medical interview (问诊）
58 to notice my heart pounding (beating)
59 the feel of sweat on one foreheads(前额）
60 a(n) triage (病鉴分类）sheet
61 grumbling (饥肠辘辘）stomach
62 racism and hatred (仇恨）
63 aches (疼痛）and pains
64 billing sheets (账单）
65 primary physician (初级保健医生）
66 to access (use) the computer
67 periodic (定期）checks
68 to shrug one ' s shoulder耸肩）
Unit Four
1 with the advent of (着 ）
2 become laden with (full of)
3 corporate (公司）management
4 to articulate (voice) ageold frustrations
5 forwardthinking and laudable (值称赞） concepts
6 preventive interventions (介入）
7 reparative (治疗）interventions
8 those in pinstripes (商）
9 conceptual (观念）constructs
10 ostensibly (obviously) because
11 allied (行）health professionals
12 routine (常规）medical care
13 to carry a(n) connotation (含义）of
14 integral (组成部分）components
15 to give the advantage of (利）
16 to diluting (稀释）identification
17 the recipient (接受者）of medical care
18 to endure (忍受）pain calmly
19 the vernacular (jargon) of managed care
20 more literally (确切）
21 to provide an impetus (动力）for
22 of a(n) Faustian (浮士德式）nature
23 society in general (整社会）
24 to serve a(n) nominative (称谓）function
25 too obtuse (迟钝）to declare openly
26 as accurately (精确）as possible
27 the jargon (vernacular) of managed care
28 in the final analysis (总）
29 to make a(n) career of ( 事业）
30 to acquiesce (默许）the shifting currents
31 the timbre (基调）of the debate
32 to stretch (extend) myself toward the model
33 seemly fitting and decent (正派）
34 to increase consistency (致性）of record keeping
35 to decrease the cost of transcription (抄写）
36 on a(n) whim (时兴致）
37 to leaf through (翻阅）records
38 the terse (concise) language
39 between tidy and almost illegible (难辨认）
40 a(n) reproducible (复制)and less personal format
41 to stir (激动）and touch me
42 peripheral neuropathy (神病）
43 a mind jumbled and bruised (挫伤）
44 with my own slant (观点）on things
45 to scratch one'head (感困惑）
46 to decipher (decode) what I really meant
47 loopy (潦草）handwriting
48 hospice (终关怀）volunteer
49 to make eye contact (眼神交流）
50 behavioral (行）disturbance
51 have the right to privacy (隐私）
52 depressive disorder (忧P症）
53 a(n) concrete (具体存）plan
54 to voice (articulate) grievances
55 without discrimination of reprisal (报复）
56 the newspaper obituary (计告）
57 outrageous (寻常）acts
58 everyday rebellious (反抗）
Unit Five
1 annual (yearly) meeting
2 especially timely (in time)
3 harsh (严厉）penalty
4 scientific illiteracy (ignorance)
5 unprecedented (前未)financial and policy support
6 the general citizenry (公民）
7 to hold scientists in high regard (respect)
8 the integrity (honesty) and credibility of science
9 a(n) spate of (量）recent incidents
10 research accomplishments (研究成果）
11 the implications (影响结果）of scientific discoveries
12 substantial (巨）tension
13 religious (宗教）beliefs
14 embryonic (胚胎）stem cells
15 scientific advances (进展）
16 a high priority (务急头等事）
17 a(n) genuine (真诚）dialogue
18 inappropriate (improper) behavior
19 out of proportion (成例）to
20 widely publicized examples (广泛报道事例）
21 scientific misconduct (端行）
22 accusations (指责）of misconduct
23 to tarnish (站污败坏）the image
24 to diminish (降低）the credibility of
25 the entire scientific enterprise (事业）
26 undisclosed (未披露）conflicts of interest
27 to overinterpret (夸词)scientific facts
28 scientific behavioral norms (规范）and standards
29 allegorically (喻）speaking
30 to listen for clues (evidences) of disease
31 to look for signs of pathology (病理）
32 bloodshot (充血）eyes
33 to no avail (济事）
34 blunt chest trauma (创伤）
35 mutual partings of the way (分道扬镳）
36 declared (公然）and naked hate
37 medicolegal (医学法律）liabilities
38 in imminent (immediate) danger
39 in the ideal and neutral configuration (处境）
40 to update (更新）him on his condition
41 to order serial radiographs (系列 X 光相检查）
42 to obtain daily arterial (动脉）blood gases
43 to follow hematocrits (血细胞容）
44 a broken ailing (病态）and sorry soul
45 surgical intervention (介入）
46 shell of prejudice (偏见歧视）
47 intellectual (理智）isolation
48 to accept consolation (安慰）
49 legend has it (传说）
50 a(n) inscription (铭文）bearing the words
51 to uncover (reveal) truths
52 odd scraps (零碎）of evidence
53 the paucity (lack) of data
54 gender (sex) roles
55 the combustibility (易怒性）of the interface
56 to steer clear of (avoid)
57 under the unifying framework (框架）
58 human behavioral ecology (生态学）
59 to pursue (explore) similar questions
60 the ethnographic (种学）data
61 outdated (obsolete outofdate) versions
62 mathematical (数学）analyses
63 to foster (nurture) dialogue between
64 highly interconnected (互相连接）cities
65 diverse (distinct different) areas of research
66 to deliver (传递）an optimistic message Unit Six
1 successive (相继）generations
2 functionality and versatility (途）
3 added (附加）functionality
4 moral (道德）standards
5 ethical (伦理）principles
6 behavioral (行）guidelines
7 a long and arduous (艰巨）evolutionary process
8 social discord (谐）
9 to make improvement (改进）
10 remote ancestors (祖先）
11 the evolutionary (进化）tree
12 solitary (独居）predators
13 a(n) extended family (家庭）
14 wandering (居定）bands
15 a(n) embryonic (萌芽期）Golden Rule
16 the physical environment (物质环境）
17 parental supervision (监护）
18 the practice of monogamy ( 夫妻制)
19 verbal symbols (语言符号）
20 ancestral primates (灵长类）
21 Homo sapiens (智）
22 archaic (古代）humans
23 in extreme (极端）cases
24 think in abstractions (抽象）
25 in critically (vitally) important ways
26 to populate (定居）the habitable world
27 formed confederations (盟）of tribes
28 to multiply explosively (剧增）
29 on a(n) grander (large) scale
30 trade and commerce (商业）
31 cultural markers (标识）
32 conventions (社会俗）in dress and manners
33 the basic template (model)
34 kingdoms and empires (帝国）
35 the time frames (时段）
36 at the dawn (拂晓）of a new millennium
37 galloping (飞速）technological change
38 to facilitate (promote) cooperation
39 fully explored an defined (定义）
40 our archive (档案）of past experience
41 forethinking (超前意识）imagination
42 a date with immortality (流芳百世）
43 natural riches (resources)
44 common kinship (亲属关系）
45 to have a social dimension (aspect)
46 noble ambitions (抱负）
47 a(n) fiercely (激烈）competitive world
48 impartial (偏见）consideration
49 pretexts and apologias (辩解）
50 the scientific enterprise (事业）
51 to pay particular heed (attention) to
52 social implications (consequences)
53 the scientific endeavor (effort)
54 trust in authority (权威）
55 mores and prejudices (偏见）
56 objective and reliable (）
57 a(n) stern (strict) restraint
58 communal (collective) will
59 fertility (受孕）clinics
60 to create quite a stir (轰动）
61 a(n) affront (犯）to human dignity
62 those on the fringes (极端分子）
63 with credentials and track records (业绩）
64 to pioneer the use of (首先)
65 reproductive (生殖）biology
66 surrogate (代孕）mums
67 adoption (领养）agencies
68 a(n) joJi (刺激）of electricity
69 a(n) staggering (惊）97 per cent
70 a(n) reckless (鲁莽）waste of time and energy
71 miscarriages or abortions (堕胎）
72 sickly of deformed (畸形）
73 the sole (only) survivor
74 wrong instincts (直觉）
Unit Seven
1 the scientific triumphs (accomplishment)
2 the past millennium (千年）
3 to honor (敬重）the origins of science
4 to give grateful (感激）thanks to
5 a(n) magical (神秘）view
6 in concrete (具体）terms
7 rational (理性）argument
8 a natural mode (pattern) of thought
9 to be beautifully illustrated (举例说明）
10 to have the honor (荣幸）of
11 the opposite angles (角）
12 the centre of gravity (重心）
13 to arrive at (reach) a proof
14 an elegant rebuttal (反驳）
15 applied (应）mathematician
16 vigorous (激烈）debate and discussion of evidence
17 the admiration (赞赏）of one'peers
18 to challenge authority (权威）
19 to point out forcibly (强烈）
20 debt and credit (贷）
21 political disputes (争）
22 social castes (等级）
23 national boundaries (国界）
24 philosophical distinctions (辨1J)
25 in the philosophy bz_(圈子）
26 a dichotomy or a(n) continuum (连续体）
27 mental constructs (构想）
28 highly abstract (抽象）things
29 to spill much ink over (花费量笔墨）
30 autonomous (独立）individuals
31 dress codes 规范）
32 at one'core (核心）
33 the interaction of individuals (）
34 primary (基）sensations
35 the end of the scale (标度终点）
36 a highly vociferous (激烈）debate
37 in circles of philosophy (哲学圈里）
38 be wet blankets (令扫兴）at parties
39 abstruse (深奥）conditions
40 chemical composition (成分）
41 at the cutting edge (前）of science
42 genetically modified (转基）crops
43 to make headlines (成报纸头条新闻）
44 the influential (影响）climate researcher
45 to strike a balance (达衡）
46 the justifiability (合理性）of animal experiments
47 celebrity endorsement (support)
48 to make assertions (claims)
49 eminent (著名）researchers
50 to sign a(n) declaration (宣言）
51 an impressive rejoinder (rebuttal)
52 to trace (追溯）the origins of
53 to engender (produce) trust
54 the imprimatur (recognition) of the scientific academy
55 in the refereed (审阅）literature
56 lobby groups (游说集团）
57 to place a clear obligation (responsibility) on
58 to substantiate (prove) it with evidence
59 in all probability (）
60 intellectual authority (权威）
61 to provide invaluable weight (重量）of evidence
15 to be skewed (偏离）by the prism of past experience 42
62 the reliable (信）outcome
63 toxicity (毒性）testing
64 to toss a coin (掷硬币决定）
65 authority figures (权威士）
66 scientific credibility (信性）
67 expensive and timeconsuming (耗时）
68 intellectual integrity (honesty)
Unit Eight
1 the theory of relatively (相）
2 thinking strategies (策略）
3 to illuminate (阐明）nothing
4 the piles of data (成堆数）
5 runofthemill (ordinary) physicists
6 extraordinary (非）genius
7 a(n) extraordinarily (异常）high IQ
8 considerable debate (argument)
9 average (均普通）intelligence
10 to fixate on (注意力集中）something
11 the most promising (likely) approach
12 to be arrogantly (傲慢）certain of
13 to find a needle in a haystack (海捞针）
14 to be encountered (遇）a problem
16 to foster rigidity (僵化）of thought
17 superficially (浅薄）similar
18 to lead the thinker astray (误入歧途）
19 a gene pool (基库）
20 genetically encoded (编码）wisdom
21 a rich repertoire (collection) of ideas and concepts
22 to survive and prosper (蓬勃发展）
23 to become stagnant (停滞）
24 the most distinguished (卓越）experts
25 to be conditioned (制约）to think
26 a(n) expert (专家）taxonomist
27 the textbook case (典型例子）
28 analogous (拟）to biological evolution
29 a rich diversity of alternatives and conjectures (假 设）
30 a(n) departure (背离）from reproductive knowledge
31 a(n) prodigious (immense) variety of novel and original ideas
32 a(n) thumbnail (简略）description
33 to be biased (偏见）toward his usual way of seeing things
34 the essence 实质）of the problem
35 to abandon (抛弃）the initial approach
36 a(n) environmentfriendly (环保）fuel
37 to make his thought graphically (通图表）visible
38 visual and spatial (空间）abilities
39 immense (huge) productivity
40 the laws of heredity (遗传）
41 to make juxtapositions (置） to tolerate ambivalence (矛盾心理）between opposites
43 two incompatible (兼容）things
44 to perceive resemblance (similarities)
45 to draw a(n) analogy (类）
46 to render an overwhelming verdict (裁定）
47 a cultural icon (偶）
48 a rather fuzzy (模糊）understanding
49 the vastness (浩瀚)of the universe
50 previously held unquestionable (懈击)
51 to cast (投）doubt on
52 the reliability (性）of the investigators conclusions
53 the origin (起源）of genius
54 to yearn for (desire) genius
55 the intermingling (mix) of culture history and life experience
56 a history dating back to (追溯）Plato
57 to think the reverse (相反）
58 to govern (control) all organic life
59 an interacting hierarchy (order) of feedback systems
60 communities and ecosystems (生态系）
61 intellectual intuition (直觉）
62 to face strong opposition (反）
63 a(n) doctrinal (dogmatic) views Unit Nine
1 of ultimately lawful materialism (唯物）
2 as concisely (简明）as possible
3 organizes systematic enterprise (事业）
4 to condense (压缩）the knowledge
5 testable laws and principles (原理）
6 diagnostic (特征）features
7 confirmed or discarded (rejected)
8 to abstract (抽象化）the information
9 aesthetically (审美）most pleasing
10 universally (普遍）accepted scales
11 rendered unambiguous (明确）
12 proved consistent (致）with one another
13 ineradicable (根深蒂固）technical base
14 to satisfy (meet) personal psychological needs
15 to consume (take) large amounts of time
16 to yield (produce) negative or ambiguous results
17 administrative (行政）duties
18 original (原创性）research
19 no holds barred (清规戒律约束）
20 the frontier (前）of science
21 a(n) abstracted (抽象化）world
22 the mother lode (矿脉）
23 to practice elitism (精英义）without shame
24 to set foot on virgin soil (处女）
25 interpretation (阐释）and explanation
26 a scattering of icons (偶）
27 a great deal of bickering (口角争端)
28 a loose confederation (联邦）
29 petty fiefdoms (封）
30 to hope for a strike (意外成功）
31 the least conspiratorial (搞阴谋）of professions
32 the population at large (众）
33 from generous to predatory (贪婪）
34 (from) welladjusted to psychopathic (精神变态）
35 (from) causal (散漫）to driven
36 (from) gregarious to reclusive (隐居）
37 clinically certifiable (证明）
38 from venal (贪污腐败）to noble
39 in the temple (殿堂）of science
40 to achieve utilitarian (功利）ends
41 convincingly validated (verifiedproved)
42 to steer (驾驶航行）for blue water
43 to suffer boredom (单调）
44 under varying (changing) circumstances
45 statistical (统计）analyses
46 to reject null (价值）hypotheses
47 a(n) reputable (声誉)peerreviewed journal
48 to be indissolubly (坚摧）united
49 a(n) whizkid (outstanding) professor
50 a(n) obscure (名气）journal
51 to stiffen a slightly floppy (weak) argument
52 class or creed (宗教信仰）
53 organized skepticism (怀疑态度）
54 social conventions (俗）
55 mundane (世俗）practice
56 publish or perish (死亡）
57 to cite generously and meticulously ( 丝苟)
58 to fudge (捏造）data
59 to vilify (贬低）out opponents
60 personal credibility (信性）
61 driven shaped and honed (磨练）
62 to humbly (谦虚）accept realities
63 social imperatives (obligations)
64 competitive ambition (desire)
65 a(n) obsolete (out of date) ethos
66 to maximize (化）pleasure
67 to minimize (化）pain
68 to laud (称赞）a desirable personal characteristic
69 to avoid complacency (满）
70 to be wired (conditioned) to respond positively
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