初二册英语知识点总结
Unit 1 Past and present
1 I used to go to school by bike
used to do sth固定结构意思常做某事面动词原形表示某种常性惯性行者动作意味着种动作目前已存
肯定句：I used to play with my friends after school 放学常常朋友起玩
否定句：You didn’t use to like pop songsYou usedn’t to like pop songs
喜欢流行歌曲
般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet Used your sister to be quiet
妹妹常常安静？
there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river 条河常常许鱼
拓展
(1) be used to do something意思做某事动词短语use …to do动语态结构例：
Knives are used to cut things刀切东西
(2) be used to doing something意思惯做某事to接动词ing形式例：
My father is used to living in the village 爸爸惯住山村
2 Yes I’d like to
would like意想语气非常委婉具体法：
(1) would like接名词代词表示某样东西例：
I would like a cup of coffee 杯咖啡
My mother would like an apple 妈妈想苹果
(2) would you like接动词定式（to do形式）表示意愿喜爱常礼貌提出邀请请求建议例：
Would you like to help me？ 愿意帮助？
Would you like to drink some tea 喝茶？
(3) would like sb to do sth 意想某做某事 例：
I’d like you to meet them 想见
注意
肯定回答Yes pleaseYes I’d (We’d) like (love) toCertainlyYes thank you等I’d love like toto省略否定回答常No thanksNo thank you等
例：
— Would you like some coffee 点咖啡？
—No thanks谢谢
— Would you love to go to the movies with me 愿意起电影？
— Yes I’d love to 愿意
3 I hope I can visit it again
句hope 加宾语句省略连接词thathope法：
(1) 说话语气讲hope 表示实现事情接句时陈述语气例：
I hope I shall see him again 希见次
I hope you haven’t hurt yourself 愿没受伤
(2)含义讲hope 指事盼预想坏事预想I’m afraid 例：
I hope it will be fine tomorrow 希明天天气
I’m afraid it will rain again 恐怕雨
(3) 时间hope 希般指现事情指事情 例：
I hope he will come 希会
(4) 句型hope hope to do sth句型hope sb to do sth句型例：
I hope to watch the football match again 希次场足球赛
(5) 表示希时常I hope so否定形式I hope nothope面接that 句意希…… 例：
She hopes that I will pass the exam 希通考试
4 The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun
句中动词定式短语to have fun作定语修饰place动词定式短语作置定语修饰名词符合定代词等例：
Simon is always the first student to get to school Simon总第校学生
We must find a person to do the work 必须找做项工作
I have something to tell you 事情告诉
I am looking for a room to live in 正找间屋子住
5 I spend more time on my homework than before
spend动词意花费（时间金钱）式spent法：
时间金钱 + (in) doing sth 花费时间金钱做某事
spend +
时间金钱 + on sth 花费时间金钱某物
例：
I spend two hours reading every day 天花两时阅读
He spends 20 yuan on books every month 月花20元买书
拓展：
表示花费spendtakecostpay辨析：
词语
语
结构
spend
(sb)
sb spends + 时间金钱+ (in) doing sth on sth
take
it作形式语
It takes sb some time to do sth(真正语)
pay
(sb)
sb pays + 金钱+ for sth
cost
sth(物)
sth costs sb + 金钱
例：
I spent 3 hours (in) doing on my homework yesterday 昨天花三时做作业
It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus 公汽车武汉花四时
I paid six yuan for the pen 花六元钱买支笔
My English book cost me five yuan 英语书花五元钱
Unit 2 Traveling
1 My parents and I left for the airport in the early morning
leave作动词意离开(某处)常for连接方leave式分词left
He is leaving for Beijing next week 周算离开北京
Mr Smith left the room at two o’clock 史密斯先生两点离开房间
拓展
（1）leave意离开(某)身边离弃
Her husband has left her 丈夫遗弃
(2) 动词短语leave something atin ＋表示点名词意某物忘某
I left my key at home 钥匙忘家里
Tom left his English book at school so he didn’t do his homework
汤姆英语书落学校没做英语作业
（3）leave意听处某种状态
He left the windows open 窗子开着
2 My dad has been to Chengdu on business twice
have been to＋点名词表示某现里 接次数oncetwicethree times等表示某次 justneverever等连
My father has been to Beijing twice．父亲北京两次
I have never been to the Great Wall．未长城
Have you ever been to Beijing 北京？
拓展
have gone tohave been to现完成时两典型句式have gone to＋点名词 表示某已达者路途中说话现场果have gone to接点副词时省略to
Mr Wang isn’t here．He has gone to Qingdao．
王先生里青岛
—Where is Jim？吉姆里？
—He has gone to England．英国
3 I see Andy playing on the sand too
see sb doing sth意某正做某事（表示正进行动作）例：
We saw some young people running wildly in the street
见年轻正街狂跑
拓展
辨析see sb doing sthsee sb do sth
see sb doing sth意见某正做某事强调动作正进行例：
I saw a monkey eating bananas
见猴子正吃香蕉
see sb do sth意见某做某事强调动作始始终全程例：
I saw them get on the bus
见公汽车
4 At the end of the day we watched the fireworks…
（1）end 作物动词意结束终止语通常物例：
Our morning classes end at 1150 am 午课程11：50结束
（2）end 作物动词意结束终止语通常例：
She ended her email 写完电子邮件
（3）end 作名词意结束结尾常句型：at the end of意……末尾例：
The bank is at the end of the street
银行条街头
5 What do you think was the best part of the day
do you think作插入语位置较灵活放句首句中句尾句尾时常逗号隔开句首时陈述句语序例：
What do you think the robot will do 认机器会做什？
Where do you think he will be 认会里？
When do you think he will come Do you think when he will come When he will come do you think 认什时候回？
Unit 3 Online tours
1 how often
how often意久次常时间频率提问例：
How often do you watch TV 久次电视？
How often do your parents visit your grandparents 父母久次祖父母？
拓展
词语
词义
法
答语特征
how long
久
询问时间久
forabout+段时间
how often
久次
询问动作频率
often twice a week等
how soon
快久
询问时间快
in+ 段时间
how far
远
询问距离远
ten minutes’ walk
how many
少
询问数名词数量
数词+数名词复数
how much
少
询问数名词数量
数词+表示量词+数名词
少钱
询问价格
数词+钱
2 It looks like a TV
look like意起……应范围广描述物外抽象表达事件现象例：
He looks like a famous movie star 起电影明星
That bicycle looks just like the one I used to have 行车起拥
It looks like it＇s going to rain soon 天起雨
拓展
（1）What doesdo sbsth look like 句式询问某物外貌特征例：
—What does the girl look like 女孩长什样？
—She is short and thin 矮瘦
（2）be like意……例：
—What is the old man like 老样？
—He is kind 蔼
3 I agree
句中agree常见法：
（1）agree单独表示意答应等例：
I asked him to help me and he agreed 请求帮忙答应
（2）agree with表示 意赞成常搭配：agree with +sb what sb said 例：
Do you agree with me about the need for more schools
关建学校事 意意见
I quite agree with what you said 意说话
（3）agree to表示意赞成(提议安排计划等) 例：
Do you agree to this arrangement？赞成安排？
I quite agree to their suggestions 意建议
（4）agree to do sth意做某事例：
He agreed to get someone to help us 意找帮忙
She agreed to get everything ready before I come 意前切准备
4 Have you noticed the tour icon at the top of the page
（1）处noticednotice分词notice处作物动词意注意注意notice接名词接句例：
Did you notice the man in black 注意穿黑衣服？
I noticed that you had made great progress 注意取进步
（2）notice作动词意注意留心常notice sb do sth notice sb doing sth结构中例
Didn’t you notice He has dyed his hair 没注意染头发
He was too proud to notice me 太傲慢理理
Did you notice his hand shaking 没注意手抖
Did you notice Jack come in 注意杰克进
5 Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without passport
dreamtdream分词dream 处作动词dream作动词时常dream ofabout结构中含义：
（1）做梦梦见梦例：
I dreamt of about you 梦见
（2）渴想象 例：
I have dreamed of visiting America 渴参观美国
That boy dreams of becoming a pilot 男梦想成飞行员
拓展dream 作名词意梦愿心愿等
例：
It’s my dream to win a Nobel Prize 理想获诺贝尔奖
Your dream has come true 愿变成现实
6 Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour
Would you mind doing sth 句型通常表示请做某事常意否请做……劳驾做……果意反做某事答语否定形式例：Of course not Certainly not 等 果意反做某事答语肯定形式般I am sorryI’m afraid等缓语气例：
－Would you mind making some room for the patient 请位病点方出行？
－Of course not 然介意
拓展
（1）Do (Would) you mind if句型表示请求方许询问方否介意（说话）做某事答语Would you mind doing sth相例：
—Do you mind if I smoke 介意抽烟？
—Not at all please 点
—Would you mind me opening that door 介意开门？
—I’m sorry but it’s not allowed 起允许
（2）mind作数名词意脑子想法记性例：
An idea has just come into my mind 刚想意
（3）mind常短语：
change one’s mind 改变意
make up one’s mind 作决定
keepin mind 记住
never mind 紧
Unit 4 A good read
1 Have you decided what to do with these books Hobo
what to do特殊疑问词＋动词定式句子中作动词decided宾语相特殊疑问词引导宾语句例：
I don’t know what to do I don’t know what I can do next
知道步做什
拓展
疑问词whatwhichhowwherewhen等动词定式连构成定式短语疑问词＋动词定式做语宾语表语等例：
When to start off hasn’t been decided yet 什时候出发没决定（做语）
The question is which bus to take 问题辆公汽车（做表语）
疑问词＋动词定式名词句简化
I don’t know what I should say → I don’t know what to say
知道该说什
2 I’m interested in history books
be interested in…结构意……感兴趣面名词动名词作宾语例：
I am very interested in the interesting story
趣事感兴趣
They are interested in playing computer games
玩电脑游戏感兴趣
拓展
辨析：interesting interested
两词形容词interesting表示某物身趣强调动句子中作定语表语修饰物interested着重动意义语般常做表语接介词in起构成be interested in…结构意……感兴趣例：
3 After our ship crashed against the rocks I swam as far as I could
as…as one cancould表示某……相as…as possible例：
Please come as early as you can Please come as early as possible
请早
Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as she can
Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as possible
玲玲英语学交谈
4 I shouted at them—the loud noise made them all fall over
make处役动词接省略to动词定式make sb do sth意某做某事类似动词lethave等动语态中sb be made to do sth意某迫做某事例：
They made us forget past 忘记
The boss made him work for 15 hours a day
→He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss
老板天工作15时
拓展
make作……讲时make + 宾语 + 形容词名词（作宾补）make sb sth + adjn类似词keep等例：
What he said makes us happy 说话高兴
Don’t keep the door open 门开着
We made John our monitor 选约翰班长
5 Sandy is wondering where to ask for help
wonder作物动词意想知道……感怀疑常见法：
（1）接who what why where 等引导宾语句例：
I wonder who she is 想知道谁
She wondered what the child was doing
感疑惑孩子究竟干什
I wonder why Ann is late 想知道安什迟
I wonder where they have gone 想知道
（2）接 that 引导宾语句表示……感惊讶 that常省 例：
I wonder (that) she has won the race
赢赛感惊讶
（3）接 if whether 引导宾语句常表示种委婉请求疑问例：
She wondered whether you were free that morning
想知道天午否空
I wonder if he will succeed
知道会会成功
Unit 5 Good manners
1 You’re old enough to learn about manners now Hobo
(1) enough形容词意充足充分足够作表语定语作定语时放名词前面面例：
The food is enough for the trip 次旅行食物足够
I have enough time to watch TV 足够时间电视
(2) enough作副词意足够时enough需放修饰形容词副词面
例：The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag
年轻足够强壮搬重包
拓展
(1) enough…to do sth 足够……做某事例：
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch 没足够时间吃午饭
(2) …enough to do…too…to…so…that…结构互相转换例：
He isn’t old enough to go to school
He is too young to go to school
He is so young that he can’t go to school
太学
2 What do you means
（1）mean作物动词表示算意味着接名词动词定式短语句例：
The red light means Stop 红灯表示停止
I mean to go shopping 算购物
The sign means that the road is blocked 标志表示路通
（2）mean名词形式meaning表示意思含义例：
What’s the meaning of the word？ 单词什意思？
（3）What do did you mean by 该句型意思……什意思 例：
What do you mean by acting like this 样做什意思
It was too heavy for me to carry the bag alone 独背袋子真太重
3 If you’re in their way they won’t touch you or push past you
含if引导条件状语句复合句注意：条件状语句般现时表示外句祈句含情态动词句子if译果例：
If the rain doesn’t stop we will stay here
果场雨停话呆
If you work hard you can speak English well
努力英语会讲
I will give him a treat if he comes 果会招
4 British people are very polite at home as well aren’t they
as well副词短语意相too般放句末时连词andbut 搭配例：
Why don’t you come along as well
什起呢？
He does other important work as well
事重工作
拓展
(1) also意肯定句中置be动词助动词情态动词行动词前
例：
He can also play the piano 会弹钢琴
(2) too意思too肯定句置句末前般逗号隔开
Jack is a worker too Jack工
(3) either表示时否定句置句末前逗号隔开
He can’t swim I can’t swim either 会游泳会
5 I’m sure they’re helpful to us
be sure意确定握be not sure意确定没握例：
If you are not sure how to do it ask me
果确定样做问
that句 意相信……确信……
be sure + of… 意定会获赢某物接名词动词ing形式
to do sth 定做某事肯定做某事
例：
We are sure that he is honest 相信诚实
You are sure of a warm welcome 定会受热烈欢迎
It’s sure to rain tomorrow 明天定会雨
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
1 It’s meaningful to do something for the Olympics
句It iswas + adj + to do sth结构It iswas + adj + to do sth意做某事……to do sth句子真正语it形式语形式语词代句中形容词加for sb意某说做某事……例：
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language
说学门外语相重
It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables
说吃蔬菜水果必
拓展
句型中for sb时of sb 二者意义区：
（1）It’s + adj + for sb to do sth 中for sb意某说句中形容词说明to do sth形式语it例：
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework
学生说做家务十分必
（2）It’s + adj + of sb to do sth 中of sb 意某……句中形容词逻辑语sb 构成系表结构形容词说明形容sb（某）例：
It’s very kind of you to help us 帮助真太
2They include many events similar to those in the Olympics
be similar to意……相似般相似物品情境中to介词接名词者代词be similar in…意……方面相似例：
His problem is similar to yours 问题相似
Our cars are similar only in colour车颜色相似
拓展 same similar
（1）same意相样前常定冠词the例：
We have lunch at the same table 张桌子吃午饭
（2）similar 意相似类似完全样例：
Lily is similar to Lucy in many ways 方面莉莉露西相似
3 Maybe that’s why this event is so different from other usual games
different 形容词意名词形式difference
The two answers are different 两答案
Can you tell me the differences between them 告诉处？
be different from意……反义词组the same as意……样相 例：
Saying a thing is very different from doing it 说件事做件事相
I am in the same school as my younger sister 妹妹学校
4 What are the Special Olympics World Games for
what…for意什什理解方动机询问方目途时语for位句末般动词定式for介词短语回答例：
What did you hit him for 什？
— What did you do that for 什做件事
— To finish the work early 早完成项工作
— I’m going to Paris 巴黎
— What for ( What are you going to Paris for) 做什？
拓展
why表示什重询问原般because回答例：
（1）— Why do you like PE 什喜欢体育？
— Because it’s interesting 趣
（2）— What do you like PE for 什喜欢体育？
— To keep healthy 保持健康
5 Do you have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities
have trouble doing sth 意做某事困难时troubledifficulty代
例：I had no trouble finding his phone number
毫费力找电话号码
Did you have any trouble getting there
里没遇什困难？
拓展
in troubleget into troubleget sb into trouble 意遇困难遇麻烦例：
He was in trouble with the Customs 海关里麻烦
This will get you into trouble 件事带麻烦
Unit 7 International charities
1 Eddie more money is needed for charity
句子般现时动语态表示钱慈善机构需慈善机构需钱
动语态结构：语+be done（物动词分词）be称时态变化变化例：
The desk is cleaned by me 天擦桌子（桌子天擦）
拓展
（1）般现时动语态：am is are done 例：
The blackboard is cleaned by the students every class
黑板节课学生擦干净
（2）般时动语态：was were done 例：
The computer was invented last century 电脑世纪发明
（3）般时动语态：shallwill be done 例：
A new school will be built in our village next year
明年新学校村庄建设
（4）现进行时动语态：amisare being done 例：
A sports meeting is being held in our school now 运动会正学校举行
（5）现完成时动语态：havehas been done 例：
All of the work has been finished since I came here
里工作已完成
（6）含情态动词动语态：canmaymustshould be done 例：
Your homework must be handed in after school
家庭作业必须放学交
2 The plane is also used as a training centre
used常foras连构成短语usefor意做………… useas意作……作……意 例：
Bamboo can be used for carrying water 竹子运水
The computer can be used as a tool计算机作工具
拓展
used to动词定式used to do sth 意常常做某事暗示现已做某事 begetbecome used to doing sth意惯做某事例：
He used to be a quiet boy 安静男孩
He came from the north so he wasn’t used to living in the south
北方惯住南方
2 Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital
afford意买起支付起 常can could be be able to 连表示某目足够钱时间方等负担承担常接名词代词者动词定式否定句中
例：
This kind of computer is too expensive and I can’t afford it．
种电脑太贵买起
At last I can afford a watch．终买起手表
I could not afford so much money for a bicycle．
出起钱买辆行车
3 I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives
proud 形容词be proud to do sth意做某事骄傲例：
We are proud to be a league member 成团员骄傲
be proud of sth 意……骄傲例：
I am very proud of being a Chinese 作名中国豪
拓展
pride名词意骄傲豪
常结构：take pride in sth 意某事骄傲
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist
成科学家女感豪
He is the pride of our city 城市骄傲
5 You’ll be all right in a few days
in接段时间常般时表示段时间行状态般时句子中in+段时间提问how soon表示久做某事例：
He will arrive in Beijing in three days 三天北京
How soon will he arrive in Beijing？ 久北京？
拓展
（1）afterin均段时间连表示…… after 表示时间起点段时间通常时连 in 表示现算起段时间通常时含意义句子例：
He came back after three days 三天回
I’ll come back in three days 三天回
I think he can come back in three days 想 三天回
（2）after 段时间连外点时间连时时(in 点时间连)例：
He will arrive after five o’clock 五点钟
Unit 8 A green world
1 treat something used so that it can be used again
(1) so that意思致引导目状语句结果状语句例：
They opened a technical training course so that the managers and clerks could attend it during their spare time．开技术训练班理职员业余时间课
Please switch the light on so that we can see what it is．
请开灯什东西
I took an early bus so that I got there in time．
早班公汽车时里
拓展
so… that…意思…………引导结果状语句口语中so…that…that常省例：
She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes．
非常悲伤泪水盈眶
John was so drunk（that）he could not stand still．
约翰醉站站住
He spoke so rapidly（that）we could hardly follow him．
说快难听清楚说什
2 Really What do they do to keep their country clean
keep + 名词 代词+ 形容词意……保持某种状态例：
Keep the door open please 请门开着
Keep the window closed 关着窗户
Coats can keep you warm 外套暖
拓展
(1) keep sth意保存某物保某物例：
How long can I keep the book 书长时间？
(2) keep sb doing sth（某）停做某事例：
I’m sorry for keeping you waiting so long 起久等
3 Coal oil and natural gas are not only useful for families but have a wider use for factories
(1) not onlybut (also)意思…………连接两列成分果连接两语时候谓语动词面语保持致例：
Not only my mother but (also) I like to go to the garden
仅妈妈喜欢公园
He can play not only the piano but also the violin 仅会弹钢琴会拉提琴
He was not only a writer but (also) an actor 仅位作家位演员
(2) not only…but also 开头句子引起倒装
Not only did he complain about the food but he refused to pay for it
仅抱怨饭吃拒绝付饭钱
4 …so it is time for us to go green
It’s time to+动词原形意该做某事时间It’s time for接名词动词ing形式表示该做某事时间 例：
It is time to leave It is time for leaving 该离开时候
It’s time for school 该学
拓展
It’s time to…中间加for sb 表示该某该做某事时间 例：
It is time for us to go to bed 该睡觉时候
5 Here are the results of the survey
英语中副词herethere等放句首时常倒装语序例：
Look here comes the bus 公汽车
结构中语名词时完全倒装：强调部分+谓语+语语代词时倒装例：
Here comes Daisy Daisy
Here he is
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Unit 1 Past and present
1 I used to go to school by bike
used to do sth固定结构意思常做某事面动词原形表示某种常性惯性行者动作意味着种动作目前已存
肯定句：I used to play with my friends after school 放学常常朋友起玩
否定句：You didn’t use to like pop songsYou usedn’t to like pop songs
喜欢流行歌曲
般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet Used your sister to be quiet
妹妹常常安静？
there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river 条河常常许鱼
拓展
(1) be used to do something意思做某事动词短语use …to do动语态结构例：
Knives are used to cut things刀切东西
(2) be used to doing something意思惯做某事to接动词ing形式例：
My father is used to living in the village 爸爸惯住山村
2 Yes I’d like to
would like意想语气非常委婉具体法：
(1) would like接名词代词表示某样东西例：
I would like a cup of coffee 杯咖啡
My mother would like an apple 妈妈想苹果
(2) would you like接动词定式（to do形式）表示意愿喜爱常礼貌提出邀请请求建议例：
Would you like to help me？ 愿意帮助？
Would you like to drink some tea 喝茶？
(3) would like sb to do sth 意想某做某事 例：
I’d like you to meet them 想见
注意
肯定回答Yes pleaseYes I’d (We’d) like (love) toCertainlyYes thank you等I’d love like toto省略否定回答常No thanksNo thank you等
例：
— Would you like some coffee 点咖啡？
—No thanks谢谢
— Would you love to go to the movies with me 愿意起电影？
— Yes I’d love to 愿意
3 I hope I can visit it again
句hope 加宾语句省略连接词thathope法：
(1) 说话语气讲hope 表示实现事情接句时陈述语气例：
I hope I shall see him again 希见次
I hope you haven’t hurt yourself 愿没受伤
(2)含义讲hope 指事盼预想坏事预想I’m afraid 例：
I hope it will be fine tomorrow 希明天天气
I’m afraid it will rain again 恐怕雨
(3) 时间hope 希般指现事情指事情 例：
I hope he will come 希会
(4) 句型hope hope to do sth句型hope sb to do sth句型例：
I hope to watch the football match again 希次场足球赛
(5) 表示希时常I hope so否定形式I hope nothope面接that 句意希…… 例：
She hopes that I will pass the exam 希通考试
4 The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun
句中动词定式短语to have fun作定语修饰place动词定式短语作置定语修饰名词符合定代词等例：
Simon is always the first student to get to school Simon总第校学生
We must find a person to do the work 必须找做项工作
I have something to tell you 事情告诉
I am looking for a room to live in 正找间屋子住
5 I spend more time on my homework than before
spend动词意花费（时间金钱）式spent法：
时间金钱 + (in) doing sth 花费时间金钱做某事
spend +
时间金钱 + on sth 花费时间金钱某物
例：
I spend two hours reading every day 天花两时阅读
He spends 20 yuan on books every month 月花20元买书
拓展：
表示花费spendtakecostpay辨析：
词语
语
结构
spend
(sb)
sb spends + 时间金钱+ (in) doing sth on sth
take
it作形式语
It takes sb some time to do sth(真正语)
pay
(sb)
sb pays + 金钱+ for sth
cost
sth(物)
sth costs sb + 金钱
例：
I spent 3 hours (in) doing on my homework yesterday 昨天花三时做作业
It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus 公汽车武汉花四时
I paid six yuan for the pen 花六元钱买支笔
My English book cost me five yuan 英语书花五元钱
Unit 2 Traveling
1 My parents and I left for the airport in the early morning
leave作动词意离开(某处)常for连接方leave式分词left
He is leaving for Beijing next week 周算离开北京
Mr Smith left the room at two o’clock 史密斯先生两点离开房间
拓展
（1）leave意离开(某)身边离弃
Her husband has left her 丈夫遗弃
(2) 动词短语leave something atin ＋表示点名词意某物忘某
I left my key at home 钥匙忘家里
Tom left his English book at school so he didn’t do his homework
汤姆英语书落学校没做英语作业
（3）leave意听处某种状态
He left the windows open 窗子开着
2 My dad has been to Chengdu on business twice
have been to＋点名词表示某现里 接次数oncetwicethree times等表示某次 justneverever等连
My father has been to Beijing twice．父亲北京两次
I have never been to the Great Wall．未长城
Have you ever been to Beijing 北京？
拓展
have gone tohave been to现完成时两典型句式have gone to＋点名词 表示某已达者路途中说话现场果have gone to接点副词时省略to
Mr Wang isn’t here．He has gone to Qingdao．
王先生里青岛
—Where is Jim？吉姆里？
—He has gone to England．英国
3 I see Andy playing on the sand too
see sb doing sth意某正做某事（表示正进行动作）例：
We saw some young people running wildly in the street
见年轻正街狂跑
拓展
辨析see sb doing sthsee sb do sth
see sb doing sth意见某正做某事强调动作正进行例：
I saw a monkey eating bananas
见猴子正吃香蕉
see sb do sth意见某做某事强调动作始始终全程例：
I saw them get on the bus
见公汽车
4 At the end of the day we watched the fireworks…
（1）end 作物动词意结束终止语通常物例：
Our morning classes end at 1150 am 午课程11：50结束
（2）end 作物动词意结束终止语通常例：
She ended her email 写完电子邮件
（3）end 作名词意结束结尾常句型：at the end of意……末尾例：
The bank is at the end of the street
银行条街头
5 What do you think was the best part of the day
do you think作插入语位置较灵活放句首句中句尾句尾时常逗号隔开句首时陈述句语序例：
What do you think the robot will do 认机器会做什？
Where do you think he will be 认会里？
When do you think he will come Do you think when he will come When he will come do you think 认什时候回？
Unit 3 Online tours
1 how often
how often意久次常时间频率提问例：
How often do you watch TV 久次电视？
How often do your parents visit your grandparents 父母久次祖父母？
拓展
词语
词义
法
答语特征
how long
久
询问时间久
forabout+段时间
how often
久次
询问动作频率
often twice a week等
how soon
快久
询问时间快
in+ 段时间
how far
远
询问距离远
ten minutes’ walk
how many
少
询问数名词数量
数词+数名词复数
how much
少
询问数名词数量
数词+表示量词+数名词
少钱
询问价格
数词+钱
2 It looks like a TV
look like意起……应范围广描述物外抽象表达事件现象例：
He looks like a famous movie star 起电影明星
That bicycle looks just like the one I used to have 行车起拥
It looks like it＇s going to rain soon 天起雨
拓展
（1）What doesdo sbsth look like 句式询问某物外貌特征例：
—What does the girl look like 女孩长什样？
—She is short and thin 矮瘦
（2）be like意……例：
—What is the old man like 老样？
—He is kind 蔼
3 I agree
句中agree常见法：
（1）agree单独表示意答应等例：
I asked him to help me and he agreed 请求帮忙答应
（2）agree with表示 意赞成常搭配：agree with +sb what sb said 例：
Do you agree with me about the need for more schools
关建学校事 意意见
I quite agree with what you said 意说话
（3）agree to表示意赞成(提议安排计划等) 例：
Do you agree to this arrangement？赞成安排？
I quite agree to their suggestions 意建议
（4）agree to do sth意做某事例：
He agreed to get someone to help us 意找帮忙
She agreed to get everything ready before I come 意前切准备
4 Have you noticed the tour icon at the top of the page
（1）处noticednotice分词notice处作物动词意注意注意notice接名词接句例：
Did you notice the man in black 注意穿黑衣服？
I noticed that you had made great progress 注意取进步
（2）notice作动词意注意留心常notice sb do sth notice sb doing sth结构中例
Didn’t you notice He has dyed his hair 没注意染头发
He was too proud to notice me 太傲慢理理
Did you notice his hand shaking 没注意手抖
Did you notice Jack come in 注意杰克进
5 Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without passport
dreamtdream分词dream 处作动词dream作动词时常dream ofabout结构中含义：
（1）做梦梦见梦例：
I dreamt of about you 梦见
（2）渴想象 例：
I have dreamed of visiting America 渴参观美国
That boy dreams of becoming a pilot 男梦想成飞行员
拓展dream 作名词意梦愿心愿等
例：
It’s my dream to win a Nobel Prize 理想获诺贝尔奖
Your dream has come true 愿变成现实
6 Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour
Would you mind doing sth 句型通常表示请做某事常意否请做……劳驾做……果意反做某事答语否定形式例：Of course not Certainly not 等 果意反做某事答语肯定形式般I am sorryI’m afraid等缓语气例：
－Would you mind making some room for the patient 请位病点方出行？
－Of course not 然介意
拓展
（1）Do (Would) you mind if句型表示请求方许询问方否介意（说话）做某事答语Would you mind doing sth相例：
—Do you mind if I smoke 介意抽烟？
—Not at all please 点
—Would you mind me opening that door 介意开门？
—I’m sorry but it’s not allowed 起允许
（2）mind作数名词意脑子想法记性例：
An idea has just come into my mind 刚想意
（3）mind常短语：
change one’s mind 改变意
make up one’s mind 作决定
keepin mind 记住
never mind 紧
Unit 4 A good read
1 Have you decided what to do with these books Hobo
what to do特殊疑问词＋动词定式句子中作动词decided宾语相特殊疑问词引导宾语句例：
I don’t know what to do I don’t know what I can do next
知道步做什
拓展
疑问词whatwhichhowwherewhen等动词定式连构成定式短语疑问词＋动词定式做语宾语表语等例：
When to start off hasn’t been decided yet 什时候出发没决定（做语）
The question is which bus to take 问题辆公汽车（做表语）
疑问词＋动词定式名词句简化
I don’t know what I should say → I don’t know what to say
知道该说什
2 I’m interested in history books
be interested in…结构意……感兴趣面名词动名词作宾语例：
I am very interested in the interesting story
趣事感兴趣
They are interested in playing computer games
玩电脑游戏感兴趣
拓展
辨析：interesting interested
两词形容词interesting表示某物身趣强调动句子中作定语表语修饰物interested着重动意义语般常做表语接介词in起构成be interested in…结构意……感兴趣例：
3 After our ship crashed against the rocks I swam as far as I could
as…as one cancould表示某……相as…as possible例：
Please come as early as you can Please come as early as possible
请早
Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as she can
Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as possible
玲玲英语学交谈
4 I shouted at them—the loud noise made them all fall over
make处役动词接省略to动词定式make sb do sth意某做某事类似动词lethave等动语态中sb be made to do sth意某迫做某事例：
They made us forget past 忘记
The boss made him work for 15 hours a day
→He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss
老板天工作15时
拓展
make作……讲时make + 宾语 + 形容词名词（作宾补）make sb sth + adjn类似词keep等例：
What he said makes us happy 说话高兴
Don’t keep the door open 门开着
We made John our monitor 选约翰班长
5 Sandy is wondering where to ask for help
wonder作物动词意想知道……感怀疑常见法：
（1）接who what why where 等引导宾语句例：
I wonder who she is 想知道谁
She wondered what the child was doing
感疑惑孩子究竟干什
I wonder why Ann is late 想知道安什迟
I wonder where they have gone 想知道
（2）接 that 引导宾语句表示……感惊讶 that常省 例：
I wonder (that) she has won the race
赢赛感惊讶
（3）接 if whether 引导宾语句常表示种委婉请求疑问例：
She wondered whether you were free that morning
想知道天午否空
I wonder if he will succeed
知道会会成功
Unit 5 Good manners
1 You’re old enough to learn about manners now Hobo
(1) enough形容词意充足充分足够作表语定语作定语时放名词前面面例：
The food is enough for the trip 次旅行食物足够
I have enough time to watch TV 足够时间电视
(2) enough作副词意足够时enough需放修饰形容词副词面
例：The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag
年轻足够强壮搬重包
拓展
(1) enough…to do sth 足够……做某事例：
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch 没足够时间吃午饭
(2) …enough to do…too…to…so…that…结构互相转换例：
He isn’t old enough to go to school
He is too young to go to school
He is so young that he can’t go to school
太学
2 What do you means
（1）mean作物动词表示算意味着接名词动词定式短语句例：
The red light means Stop 红灯表示停止
I mean to go shopping 算购物
The sign means that the road is blocked 标志表示路通
（2）mean名词形式meaning表示意思含义例：
What’s the meaning of the word？ 单词什意思？
（3）What do did you mean by 该句型意思……什意思 例：
What do you mean by acting like this 样做什意思
It was too heavy for me to carry the bag alone 独背袋子真太重
3 If you’re in their way they won’t touch you or push past you
含if引导条件状语句复合句注意：条件状语句般现时表示外句祈句含情态动词句子if译果例：
If the rain doesn’t stop we will stay here
果场雨停话呆
If you work hard you can speak English well
努力英语会讲
I will give him a treat if he comes 果会招
4 British people are very polite at home as well aren’t they
as well副词短语意相too般放句末时连词andbut 搭配例：
Why don’t you come along as well
什起呢？
He does other important work as well
事重工作
拓展
(1) also意肯定句中置be动词助动词情态动词行动词前
例：
He can also play the piano 会弹钢琴
(2) too意思too肯定句置句末前般逗号隔开
Jack is a worker too Jack工
(3) either表示时否定句置句末前逗号隔开
He can’t swim I can’t swim either 会游泳会
5 I’m sure they’re helpful to us
be sure意确定握be not sure意确定没握例：
If you are not sure how to do it ask me
果确定样做问
that句 意相信……确信……
be sure + of… 意定会获赢某物接名词动词ing形式
to do sth 定做某事肯定做某事
例：
We are sure that he is honest 相信诚实
You are sure of a warm welcome 定会受热烈欢迎
It’s sure to rain tomorrow 明天定会雨
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
1 It’s meaningful to do something for the Olympics
句It iswas + adj + to do sth结构It iswas + adj + to do sth意做某事……to do sth句子真正语it形式语形式语词代句中形容词加for sb意某说做某事……例：
It’s important for us to learn a foreign language
说学门外语相重
It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables
说吃蔬菜水果必
拓展
句型中for sb时of sb 二者意义区：
（1）It’s + adj + for sb to do sth 中for sb意某说句中形容词说明to do sth形式语it例：
It’s necessary for the students to do some housework
学生说做家务十分必
（2）It’s + adj + of sb to do sth 中of sb 意某……句中形容词逻辑语sb 构成系表结构形容词说明形容sb（某）例：
It’s very kind of you to help us 帮助真太
2They include many events similar to those in the Olympics
be similar to意……相似般相似物品情境中to介词接名词者代词be similar in…意……方面相似例：
His problem is similar to yours 问题相似
Our cars are similar only in colour车颜色相似
拓展 same similar
（1）same意相样前常定冠词the例：
We have lunch at the same table 张桌子吃午饭
（2）similar 意相似类似完全样例：
Lily is similar to Lucy in many ways 方面莉莉露西相似
3 Maybe that’s why this event is so different from other usual games
different 形容词意名词形式difference
The two answers are different 两答案
Can you tell me the differences between them 告诉处？
be different from意……反义词组the same as意……样相 例：
Saying a thing is very different from doing it 说件事做件事相
I am in the same school as my younger sister 妹妹学校
4 What are the Special Olympics World Games for
what…for意什什理解方动机询问方目途时语for位句末般动词定式for介词短语回答例：
What did you hit him for 什？
— What did you do that for 什做件事
— To finish the work early 早完成项工作
— I’m going to Paris 巴黎
— What for ( What are you going to Paris for) 做什？
拓展
why表示什重询问原般because回答例：
（1）— Why do you like PE 什喜欢体育？
— Because it’s interesting 趣
（2）— What do you like PE for 什喜欢体育？
— To keep healthy 保持健康
5 Do you have any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities
have trouble doing sth 意做某事困难时troubledifficulty代
例：I had no trouble finding his phone number
毫费力找电话号码
Did you have any trouble getting there
里没遇什困难？
拓展
in troubleget into troubleget sb into trouble 意遇困难遇麻烦例：
He was in trouble with the Customs 海关里麻烦
This will get you into trouble 件事带麻烦
Unit 7 International charities
1 Eddie more money is needed for charity
句子般现时动语态表示钱慈善机构需慈善机构需钱
动语态结构：语+be done（物动词分词）be称时态变化变化例：
The desk is cleaned by me 天擦桌子（桌子天擦）
拓展
（1）般现时动语态：am is are done 例：
The blackboard is cleaned by the students every class
黑板节课学生擦干净
（2）般时动语态：was were done 例：
The computer was invented last century 电脑世纪发明
（3）般时动语态：shallwill be done 例：
A new school will be built in our village next year
明年新学校村庄建设
（4）现进行时动语态：amisare being done 例：
A sports meeting is being held in our school now 运动会正学校举行
（5）现完成时动语态：havehas been done 例：
All of the work has been finished since I came here
里工作已完成
（6）含情态动词动语态：canmaymustshould be done 例：
Your homework must be handed in after school
家庭作业必须放学交
2 The plane is also used as a training centre
used常foras连构成短语usefor意做………… useas意作……作……意 例：
Bamboo can be used for carrying water 竹子运水
The computer can be used as a tool计算机作工具
拓展
used to动词定式used to do sth 意常常做某事暗示现已做某事 begetbecome used to doing sth意惯做某事例：
He used to be a quiet boy 安静男孩
He came from the north so he wasn’t used to living in the south
北方惯住南方
2 Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital
afford意买起支付起 常can could be be able to 连表示某目足够钱时间方等负担承担常接名词代词者动词定式否定句中
例：
This kind of computer is too expensive and I can’t afford it．
种电脑太贵买起
At last I can afford a watch．终买起手表
I could not afford so much money for a bicycle．
出起钱买辆行车
3 I’m proud to help people see again and improve their lives
proud 形容词be proud to do sth意做某事骄傲例：
We are proud to be a league member 成团员骄傲
be proud of sth 意……骄傲例：
I am very proud of being a Chinese 作名中国豪
拓展
pride名词意骄傲豪
常结构：take pride in sth 意某事骄傲
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist
成科学家女感豪
He is the pride of our city 城市骄傲
5 You’ll be all right in a few days
in接段时间常般时表示段时间行状态般时句子中in+段时间提问how soon表示久做某事例：
He will arrive in Beijing in three days 三天北京
How soon will he arrive in Beijing？ 久北京？
拓展
（1）afterin均段时间连表示…… after 表示时间起点段时间通常时连 in 表示现算起段时间通常时含意义句子例：
He came back after three days 三天回
I’ll come back in three days 三天回
I think he can come back in three days 想 三天回
（2）after 段时间连外点时间连时时(in 点时间连)例：
He will arrive after five o’clock 五点钟
Unit 8 A green world
1 treat something used so that it can be used again
(1) so that意思致引导目状语句结果状语句例：
They opened a technical training course so that the managers and clerks could attend it during their spare time．开技术训练班理职员业余时间课
Please switch the light on so that we can see what it is．
请开灯什东西
I took an early bus so that I got there in time．
早班公汽车时里
拓展
so… that…意思…………引导结果状语句口语中so…that…that常省例：
She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes．
非常悲伤泪水盈眶
John was so drunk（that）he could not stand still．
约翰醉站站住
He spoke so rapidly（that）we could hardly follow him．
说快难听清楚说什
2 Really What do they do to keep their country clean
keep + 名词 代词+ 形容词意……保持某种状态例：
Keep the door open please 请门开着
Keep the window closed 关着窗户
Coats can keep you warm 外套暖
拓展
(1) keep sth意保存某物保某物例：
How long can I keep the book 书长时间？
(2) keep sb doing sth（某）停做某事例：
I’m sorry for keeping you waiting so long 起久等
3 Coal oil and natural gas are not only useful for families but have a wider use for factories
(1) not onlybut (also)意思…………连接两列成分果连接两语时候谓语动词面语保持致例：
Not only my mother but (also) I like to go to the garden
仅妈妈喜欢公园
He can play not only the piano but also the violin 仅会弹钢琴会拉提琴
He was not only a writer but (also) an actor 仅位作家位演员
(2) not only…but also 开头句子引起倒装
Not only did he complain about the food but he refused to pay for it
仅抱怨饭吃拒绝付饭钱
4 …so it is time for us to go green
It’s time to+动词原形意该做某事时间It’s time for接名词动词ing形式表示该做某事时间 例：
It is time to leave It is time for leaving 该离开时候
It’s time for school 该学
拓展
It’s time to…中间加for sb 表示该某该做某事时间 例：
It is time for us to go to bed 该睡觉时候
5 Here are the results of the survey
英语中副词herethere等放句首时常倒装语序例：
Look here comes the bus 公汽车
结构中语名词时完全倒装：强调部分+谓语+语语代词时倒装例：
Here comes Daisy Daisy
Here he is
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