新概念英语第册语法知识点包括般现时现进行时般时现完成时般时进行时完成时时
1 般现时
表示般性常性动作般性事实
含be动词句子
He is a teacher
The girl is very beautiful
Tim and Jack are students
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Is he a teacher
Is the girl very beautiful
Are Tim and Jack students
★变否定句be动词面加not
He is not a teacher
The girl is not very beautiful
Tim and Jack are not students
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes he is No he is not
Yes she is No she is not
Yes they are No they are not
★含be动词句子含般动词句子
第三称单数单数名词
He likes books
She likes him
The dog likes bones
★变疑问句句首加does 动词变原型
Does he like books
Does she like him
Does the dog like bones
★变否定句语动词间加doesn’t 动词变原型原句中动词第三称变化
He doesn’t like books
She doesn’t like him
The dog doesn’t like bones
★肯定回答否定回答：
Yes he does No he doesn’t
Yes she does No she doesn’t
Yes it does No it doesn’t
注意：第三称单数形式般动词面加S名词复数混淆变否定句疑问句时名词复数没变化
称复数名词
I want to have a bath
We have some meat
The students like smart teachers
★变疑问句句首加do
Do you want to have a bath
Do we have any meat
Do the students like smart teachers
★变否定句语动词间加don’t
You don’t want to have a bath
We don’t have any meat
The students don’t like smart teachers
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I do No I don’t
Yes we do No we don’t
Yes they do No they don’t
2现进行时：
现进行时表示现正进行动作
构成： 语+be动词+动词现分词+成分(现分词构成见附录)
We are having lunch
He is reading a book
The dog is running after a cat
The boys are swimming across the river
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Are we having lunch
Is he reading a book
Is the dog running after a cat
Are the boys swimming across the river
★变否定句be动词面加 not
We are not having lunch
He is not reading a book
The dog is not running after a cat
The boys are swimming across the river
★特殊疑问句：what which how where who etc
疑问词+动词+语+现分词
What are you doing
What is she doing
What is the dog doing
没进行时动词(必背)
表示状态思想感情感觉动词表示正进行动作
1 表示感觉感官词
see hear like love want
2 have has拥讲时没进行时
新概念英语第册知识点般时：
般时表示发生动作事件 常表示时间状语连yesterday last night the day before yesterday 3 days ago
含be动词句子 动词变式am is式wasare式were
I was at the butcher’s
You were a student a year ago
The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago
★变疑问句be动词移动句首
Were you at the butcher’s
Were you a student a year ago
Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago
★变否定句be动词面加not
I was not at the butcher’s
You were not a student a year ago
The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I was No I was not
Yes you were No you were not
Yes heshe was No heshe was not
★特殊疑问句：
What did you do
(必背)
含be动词句子动词变式动词式构成见附录
I finished my homework yesterday
The boy went to a restaurant
The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago
★变疑问句句首加did 动词变原型
Did you finish your homework yesterday
Did the boy go to a restaurant
Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago
★变否定句语动词间加did not
I did not finish my homework yesterday
The boy did not go to a restaurant
The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I did No I didn’t
Yes he did No he didn’t
Yes they did No they did not
3现完成时：
现完成时构成：语+助动词have has+分词
法：
1) 表示发生现某种联系动作常just usually already since等时间副词连
I have just had lunch (饱吃)
He has had a cup of tea(渴喝)
They have already had their holiday (度假)
The boy has already read the book (已知道书容)
2) 询问否做某事般现完成时：
Have you finished your homework
Have you been to Beijing
Have he seen the film
3) 表示开始持续现动作
I have lived in Beijing for twenty years
I have worked for this school for 1 year
4) 表示种历验：…方做…事情历…事情
I have never had a bath
I have never seen a film
I have never been to cinema
I have ever been to Paris
Have been to表示have gone to 表示
I have been to London(已回)
He has gone to London(里)
5) 表示种结果 般时间副词联
I have lost my pen
I have hurt myself
He has become a teacher
She has broken my heart
句型变化：
★变疑问句助动词移句首变否定句助动词面加not
eg Have you lost your pen I have not lost my pen
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I have No I have not
★特殊疑问句：
What have you done
What has he done
般时现完成时区：
明确表示时间状语句子时
注意：动词表示动作终点延续表示段时间状语连
错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days
：I left Beijing 3 days ago I have been away from being for 3 days
般时
般时表示发生动作常tomorrow next year the day after tomorrow the year after the next in five hours’ time etc
结构： 语+助动词will+动词原形 I will go to America tomorrow The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning
★变疑问句助动词移句首
Will you go to America tomorrow Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning
★变否定句助动词面加not
I will not go to America tomorrow The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I will No I will not Yes heshe will No heshe will not Yes he will No he will not
★特殊疑问句：
What will you do
4完成时：
法：时间里两动作中发生前动作完成时
结构：had+分词
After she had finished her homework she went shopping
They had sold the car before I asked the price
The train had left before I arrived at the station
Afterbefore引导时间状语句放句首句子面加逗号果放句加
1 变疑问句助动词移句首
Had she finished her homework
2变否定句助动词面加not
She hadn’t finished her homework
3 肯定回答否定回答
Yes she had No she hadn’t
4 特殊疑问句：
What had she done
5进行时：
完成时表示正进行动作常when while as引导状语句中
结构：waswere+doing
When my husband was going into the dining room this morning he dropped some coins on the floor
While we were having dinner my father was watching TV
6时：
时结构：would do
She said she would go here the next morning
两 特殊句型：there be 句型be going to 结构
1) Be going to 结构
表示算准备计划做某事
★结构：语+be动词+going to +动词原型
I am going to make a bookcase
They are going to paint it
The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Are you going to make a bookcase
Are they going to paint it
Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter
★变否定句be动词面加not
I am not going to make a bookcase
They are going to paint it
The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I am No I am not
Yes they are No they are not
Yes he is No he is not
★特殊疑问句
What are you going to do
What are they going to do
What is the father going to do
(必背)
2) There be 句型
表示里什东西(某处某物)
There is+单数名词+表示场词(般介词词组)
There is a book in this room
There is a pen on the table
There are+复数名词+表示场词(般介词词组)
There are two pens on the table
There are three schools there
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Is there a book in this room
Are there two pens on the table
★变否定句动词面加not
There is not a book in this room
There are not two pens on the table
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes there is No there is not
Yes there are No there are not
问句：
般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句选择疑问句否定疑问句
1) 般疑问句： 助动词be动词+语
Are you a teacher Do you want to have a cup of tea
2) 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+般疑问句
What is your name
3) 选择疑问句： or
Do you want beef or lamb
4) 反意疑问句： 肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分 否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分
You don’t need that pen do you
5) 否定疑问句： 般疑问句+否定词
Aren’t you lucky Don’t you want have a rest
知识点限定词：some any many much
some any 修饰数名词数名词some肯定句any否定句疑问句注意期方答案肯定回答时some
many修饰数名词much修饰数名词口语中表示般many much a lot of 否定句中表示many much
I have a lot of money I don’t have much money
名词：种类复数名词格
名词分数名词数名词
1)数名词
法分开东西：water tea bread milk rice(米)
抽象东西：love beauty coldness(寒冷)
数名词特点：
·a an修饰
·加s
·单数be动词动词搭配
2)数名词：
单数数名词冠词修饰复数数名词名词面加s名词复数种变化：
规变化名词复数形式
规1 般情况+s eg shell→shells book→books
规2 s x ch sh结尾+es eg fox→foxes church→churches bus→buses watch→watches
规3 o结尾+s+es eg potato→potatoes Negro→Negroes hero→heroes tomato→tomatoes(口诀：黑英雄爱吃土豆西红柿)剩般加s radio→radios
规4 f fe结尾变f feves eg life→lives half→halves shelf→shelves city→cities wife→wives
规5 辅音字母+y结尾 变yi+es eg sky→skies fly→flies
规变化名词复数形式
man(men) woman(women) foot(feet) goose(geese) tooth(teeth)0
child(children) sheep(sheep) deer(deer) mouse(mice) fish(fish)
副词：法形容词变副词变化
副词修饰形容词动词副词整句子
：
The book is very good
He runs fast
She came here quite early
Certainly I will go with you
副词变化形式：
直接形容词加ly
carefulcarefully slowslowly
辅音字母加y结尾形容词y变I 加ly
happyhappily luckyluckily
词形容词副词形式相需做变化
fast hard late
词加ly意思原词相差远：
nearynearly highhighly latelately
情态动词： can must may might need
情态动词can(够) must(必须) may()
结构：语+canmustmay+动词原型
He can make the tea
Sally can air the room
We can speak English
★变疑问句情态动词移句首
Can he make the tea
Can Sally air the room
Can we speak English
★变否定句情态动词面加not
He cannot make the tea
Sally cannot air the room
We cannot speak English
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes he can No he cannot
Yes she can No she cannot
Yes we can No we cannot
★特殊疑问句：
What can you do
(必背)
注意：情态动词句子没第三称单数变化情态动词动词面加S
1)Musthave to区
must 表示必须观觉应该做have to客观条件逼迫必做
must 表示现句子里have to do时态
2)must may might表示猜测：
must do 表示现事实猜测
must have done表示事实猜测
must have been doing 表示正进行事实猜测
maymight do maymight have done表示没事实猜测might性更
can’tcouldn’t 表示
need 法：
need表示需时实意动词面加名词加定式：
I need a pen Do you need any beer No I don’t
I need to have a rest
Need doingneed to be done表示动
The flowers need watering
Need否定时做情态动词：
You needn’t go so early You don’t need to go so early
Must I clean the desk right now No you needn’t
定代词定副词：
Some any no every
thing something anything nothing everything
one someone anyone anything everyone
where somewhere anywhere anywhere everywhere
body somebody anybody nobody everybody
1)I looked for my book everywhere but I can’t find it anywhere
2)If you want go somewhere if you want to be someone you must wake up
3)Help Somebody Anybody
4)You are really something
5)Since everybody is here let’s begin our class
6)Where did you go I went nowhere
7)Nobody is at home
8)I have nothing left
感叹句：
1) What +名词+语+谓语
What a beautiful girl she is
2) How + 形容词+语+谓语
How beautiful the girl is
祈句：
第二称：
let+称代词
祈句否定加don’t
反意疑问
祈句(第二称)
祈句表示请求命令建议邀请等谓语动词律原型句子中通常语句末惊叹者句号降调
★肯定句 动词原型
例 Come here please Go downstairs please Stand up Sit down Be quiet Be careful
祈句中果唤语定逗号隔开放句首者句尾
Come in Amy
Sit down here Tom
Mary give me a book please
★否定：Don＇t+动词原型
Don＇t come here
Don’t sit down
Don’t stand up
Don’t give me it
let sb do
Let me pass
Let us have a rest
Let’s have a rest
(反意疑问)：
Let’s have a walk along the river shall we
Let us go out for a drink will you
倒装句：soneither倒装eg
He can swim So can I
I didn’t go to class Neither did I
结构：
soneither+be+ 语
soneither+助动词+ 语
soneither+情态动词+ 语
般现时 do doesam is are
现进行时 am is are
般时 did
现完成时 have has
般时 will shall
进行时was were
完成时had
时 would
直接引语间接引语
果引语句动词时间接引语做相应变化：时态称时间点指示词
1) 时态变化：
般现时般时
现进行时进行时
般时完成时
现完成时完成时
般时时
be going towaswere going towould
cancould
maymight
2) 时间点指示词变化：
herethere tomorrowthe next day the following day thisthat…
3) 称变化：根句意改变称
4) 直接宾语间接宾语
语+物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
直接宾语物动词直接象间接宾语物动词动作涉事务说间接宾语表示动作谁做者谁做间接宾语名词者宾格代词担
He gives me a book
me间接宾语 a book直接宾语
直接宾语间接宾语位置调换时加介词tofor
语+物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语
Give me a book
Give the book to me
Send his a letter
Send a letter to him
Show him the new dress
Show the new dress to him
动词：
1)代词be动词 第称 第二称 第三称 ……
格 I we you you sheheit they
宾格 me us you you herhimit them
代词格 my our your your herhisits their
名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hershisits theirs
be动词现时 Am are are are is are
be动词时 was were were were was were
2)名词复数
规变化名词复数形式
规1 般情况+s eg shell→shells toy→toys
规2 s x ch sh结尾+es eg fox→foxes church→churches
规3 o结尾s+es eg radio→radios potato→potatoes
规4 f fe结尾变f feves eg life→lives half→halves
规5 辅音字母+y结尾 变yi+es eg sky→skies study→studies
3)动词第三称单数形式
规1 般情况+s eg likelikes looklooks
规2 s x ch sh结尾+es eg dodoes catchcatches
规5 辅音字母+y结尾 变yi+es eg carrycarries flyflies
4)动词现分词
规 般动词加ing eg looklooking readreading playplaying
规二 发音字母结尾单词e加ing eg makemaking taketaking arrivearriving
规三 重读闭音节词结尾 单词中元音字母紧辅音字母词双写辅音字母加ing e g runrunning sitsitting getgetting swimswimming stopstopping
5)动词式
规动词变化
规 般动词加ed eg looklooked watchwatched playplayed
规二 e结尾加d eg makemaked arrivearrived
规三 辅音字母加结尾变yi加ed crycried carrycarried
规四 重读闭音节词结尾 单词中元音字母紧辅音字母词双写辅音字母加ed stopstopped
式读音
清辅音面(外)读t eg walked jumped
浊辅音元音读d eg washed watched
td读id eg waited hated
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6)形容词副词较级
较级 规 般加er eg highhigher
规二 结尾加r nicenicer
规三 辅音字母加y结尾变yi加er busybusier
规四 重读闭音节结尾 双写辅音字母加er fatfatter
形容词副词高级
高级 规 般加est eg highhighest
规二 结尾加st nicenicet
规三 辅音字母加y结尾变yi加est busybusiest
规四 重读闭音节结尾 双写辅音字母加est fatfattest
7)常见缩写：
is’s I amI’m are’re
is notisn’t iznt are notaren’t ant
do notdon’t
does notdoesn’t
was’s
did notdidn’t
can notcan’t
have’ve
has’s
have nothaven’t
has nothasn’t
will’ll
will notwon’t
shall notshan’t
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1 般现时
表示般性常性动作般性事实
含be动词句子
He is a teacher
The girl is very beautiful
Tim and Jack are students
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Is he a teacher
Is the girl very beautiful
Are Tim and Jack students
★变否定句be动词面加not
He is not a teacher
The girl is not very beautiful
Tim and Jack are not students
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes he is No he is not
Yes she is No she is not
Yes they are No they are not
★含be动词句子含般动词句子
第三称单数单数名词
He likes books
She likes him
The dog likes bones
★变疑问句句首加does 动词变原型
Does he like books
Does she like him
Does the dog like bones
★变否定句语动词间加doesn’t 动词变原型原句中动词第三称变化
He doesn’t like books
She doesn’t like him
The dog doesn’t like bones
★肯定回答否定回答：
Yes he does No he doesn’t
Yes she does No she doesn’t
Yes it does No it doesn’t
注意：第三称单数形式般动词面加S名词复数混淆变否定句疑问句时名词复数没变化
称复数名词
I want to have a bath
We have some meat
The students like smart teachers
★变疑问句句首加do
Do you want to have a bath
Do we have any meat
Do the students like smart teachers
★变否定句语动词间加don’t
You don’t want to have a bath
We don’t have any meat
The students don’t like smart teachers
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I do No I don’t
Yes we do No we don’t
Yes they do No they don’t
2现进行时：
现进行时表示现正进行动作
构成： 语+be动词+动词现分词+成分(现分词构成见附录)
We are having lunch
He is reading a book
The dog is running after a cat
The boys are swimming across the river
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Are we having lunch
Is he reading a book
Is the dog running after a cat
Are the boys swimming across the river
★变否定句be动词面加 not
We are not having lunch
He is not reading a book
The dog is not running after a cat
The boys are swimming across the river
★特殊疑问句：what which how where who etc
疑问词+动词+语+现分词
What are you doing
What is she doing
What is the dog doing
没进行时动词(必背)
表示状态思想感情感觉动词表示正进行动作
1 表示感觉感官词
see hear like love want
2 have has拥讲时没进行时
新概念英语第册知识点般时：
般时表示发生动作事件 常表示时间状语连yesterday last night the day before yesterday 3 days ago
含be动词句子 动词变式am is式wasare式were
I was at the butcher’s
You were a student a year ago
The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago
★变疑问句be动词移动句首
Were you at the butcher’s
Were you a student a year ago
Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago
★变否定句be动词面加not
I was not at the butcher’s
You were not a student a year ago
The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I was No I was not
Yes you were No you were not
Yes heshe was No heshe was not
★特殊疑问句：
What did you do
(必背)
含be动词句子动词变式动词式构成见附录
I finished my homework yesterday
The boy went to a restaurant
The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago
★变疑问句句首加did 动词变原型
Did you finish your homework yesterday
Did the boy go to a restaurant
Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago
★变否定句语动词间加did not
I did not finish my homework yesterday
The boy did not go to a restaurant
The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I did No I didn’t
Yes he did No he didn’t
Yes they did No they did not
3现完成时：
现完成时构成：语+助动词have has+分词
法：
1) 表示发生现某种联系动作常just usually already since等时间副词连
I have just had lunch (饱吃)
He has had a cup of tea(渴喝)
They have already had their holiday (度假)
The boy has already read the book (已知道书容)
2) 询问否做某事般现完成时：
Have you finished your homework
Have you been to Beijing
Have he seen the film
3) 表示开始持续现动作
I have lived in Beijing for twenty years
I have worked for this school for 1 year
4) 表示种历验：…方做…事情历…事情
I have never had a bath
I have never seen a film
I have never been to cinema
I have ever been to Paris
Have been to表示have gone to 表示
I have been to London(已回)
He has gone to London(里)
5) 表示种结果 般时间副词联
I have lost my pen
I have hurt myself
He has become a teacher
She has broken my heart
句型变化：
★变疑问句助动词移句首变否定句助动词面加not
eg Have you lost your pen I have not lost my pen
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I have No I have not
★特殊疑问句：
What have you done
What has he done
般时现完成时区：
明确表示时间状语句子时
注意：动词表示动作终点延续表示段时间状语连
错：I’ve left Beijing for 3 days
：I left Beijing 3 days ago I have been away from being for 3 days
般时
般时表示发生动作常tomorrow next year the day after tomorrow the year after the next in five hours’ time etc
结构： 语+助动词will+动词原形 I will go to America tomorrow The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning
★变疑问句助动词移句首
Will you go to America tomorrow Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning
★变否定句助动词面加not
I will not go to America tomorrow The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I will No I will not Yes heshe will No heshe will not Yes he will No he will not
★特殊疑问句：
What will you do
4完成时：
法：时间里两动作中发生前动作完成时
结构：had+分词
After she had finished her homework she went shopping
They had sold the car before I asked the price
The train had left before I arrived at the station
Afterbefore引导时间状语句放句首句子面加逗号果放句加
1 变疑问句助动词移句首
Had she finished her homework
2变否定句助动词面加not
She hadn’t finished her homework
3 肯定回答否定回答
Yes she had No she hadn’t
4 特殊疑问句：
What had she done
5进行时：
完成时表示正进行动作常when while as引导状语句中
结构：waswere+doing
When my husband was going into the dining room this morning he dropped some coins on the floor
While we were having dinner my father was watching TV
6时：
时结构：would do
She said she would go here the next morning
两 特殊句型：there be 句型be going to 结构
1) Be going to 结构
表示算准备计划做某事
★结构：语+be动词+going to +动词原型
I am going to make a bookcase
They are going to paint it
The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Are you going to make a bookcase
Are they going to paint it
Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter
★变否定句be动词面加not
I am not going to make a bookcase
They are going to paint it
The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes I am No I am not
Yes they are No they are not
Yes he is No he is not
★特殊疑问句
What are you going to do
What are they going to do
What is the father going to do
(必背)
2) There be 句型
表示里什东西(某处某物)
There is+单数名词+表示场词(般介词词组)
There is a book in this room
There is a pen on the table
There are+复数名词+表示场词(般介词词组)
There are two pens on the table
There are three schools there
★变疑问句be动词移句首
Is there a book in this room
Are there two pens on the table
★变否定句动词面加not
There is not a book in this room
There are not two pens on the table
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes there is No there is not
Yes there are No there are not
问句：
般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句选择疑问句否定疑问句
1) 般疑问句： 助动词be动词+语
Are you a teacher Do you want to have a cup of tea
2) 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+般疑问句
What is your name
3) 选择疑问句： or
Do you want beef or lamb
4) 反意疑问句： 肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分 否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分
You don’t need that pen do you
5) 否定疑问句： 般疑问句+否定词
Aren’t you lucky Don’t you want have a rest
知识点限定词：some any many much
some any 修饰数名词数名词some肯定句any否定句疑问句注意期方答案肯定回答时some
many修饰数名词much修饰数名词口语中表示般many much a lot of 否定句中表示many much
I have a lot of money I don’t have much money
名词：种类复数名词格
名词分数名词数名词
1)数名词
法分开东西：water tea bread milk rice(米)
抽象东西：love beauty coldness(寒冷)
数名词特点：
·a an修饰
·加s
·单数be动词动词搭配
2)数名词：
单数数名词冠词修饰复数数名词名词面加s名词复数种变化：
规变化名词复数形式
规1 般情况+s eg shell→shells book→books
规2 s x ch sh结尾+es eg fox→foxes church→churches bus→buses watch→watches
规3 o结尾+s+es eg potato→potatoes Negro→Negroes hero→heroes tomato→tomatoes(口诀：黑英雄爱吃土豆西红柿)剩般加s radio→radios
规4 f fe结尾变f feves eg life→lives half→halves shelf→shelves city→cities wife→wives
规5 辅音字母+y结尾 变yi+es eg sky→skies fly→flies
规变化名词复数形式
man(men) woman(women) foot(feet) goose(geese) tooth(teeth)0
child(children) sheep(sheep) deer(deer) mouse(mice) fish(fish)
副词：法形容词变副词变化
副词修饰形容词动词副词整句子
：
The book is very good
He runs fast
She came here quite early
Certainly I will go with you
副词变化形式：
直接形容词加ly
carefulcarefully slowslowly
辅音字母加y结尾形容词y变I 加ly
happyhappily luckyluckily
词形容词副词形式相需做变化
fast hard late
词加ly意思原词相差远：
nearynearly highhighly latelately
情态动词： can must may might need
情态动词can(够) must(必须) may()
结构：语+canmustmay+动词原型
He can make the tea
Sally can air the room
We can speak English
★变疑问句情态动词移句首
Can he make the tea
Can Sally air the room
Can we speak English
★变否定句情态动词面加not
He cannot make the tea
Sally cannot air the room
We cannot speak English
★肯定回答否定回答
Yes he can No he cannot
Yes she can No she cannot
Yes we can No we cannot
★特殊疑问句：
What can you do
(必背)
注意：情态动词句子没第三称单数变化情态动词动词面加S
1)Musthave to区
must 表示必须观觉应该做have to客观条件逼迫必做
must 表示现句子里have to do时态
2)must may might表示猜测：
must do 表示现事实猜测
must have done表示事实猜测
must have been doing 表示正进行事实猜测
maymight do maymight have done表示没事实猜测might性更
can’tcouldn’t 表示
need 法：
need表示需时实意动词面加名词加定式：
I need a pen Do you need any beer No I don’t
I need to have a rest
Need doingneed to be done表示动
The flowers need watering
Need否定时做情态动词：
You needn’t go so early You don’t need to go so early
Must I clean the desk right now No you needn’t
定代词定副词：
Some any no every
thing something anything nothing everything
one someone anyone anything everyone
where somewhere anywhere anywhere everywhere
body somebody anybody nobody everybody
1)I looked for my book everywhere but I can’t find it anywhere
2)If you want go somewhere if you want to be someone you must wake up
3)Help Somebody Anybody
4)You are really something
5)Since everybody is here let’s begin our class
6)Where did you go I went nowhere
7)Nobody is at home
8)I have nothing left
感叹句：
1) What +名词+语+谓语
What a beautiful girl she is
2) How + 形容词+语+谓语
How beautiful the girl is
祈句：
第二称：
let+称代词
祈句否定加don’t
反意疑问
祈句(第二称)
祈句表示请求命令建议邀请等谓语动词律原型句子中通常语句末惊叹者句号降调
★肯定句 动词原型
例 Come here please Go downstairs please Stand up Sit down Be quiet Be careful
祈句中果唤语定逗号隔开放句首者句尾
Come in Amy
Sit down here Tom
Mary give me a book please
★否定：Don＇t+动词原型
Don＇t come here
Don’t sit down
Don’t stand up
Don’t give me it
let sb do
Let me pass
Let us have a rest
Let’s have a rest
(反意疑问)：
Let’s have a walk along the river shall we
Let us go out for a drink will you
倒装句：soneither倒装eg
He can swim So can I
I didn’t go to class Neither did I
结构：
soneither+be+ 语
soneither+助动词+ 语
soneither+情态动词+ 语
般现时 do doesam is are
现进行时 am is are
般时 did
现完成时 have has
般时 will shall
进行时was were
完成时had
时 would
直接引语间接引语
果引语句动词时间接引语做相应变化：时态称时间点指示词
1) 时态变化：
般现时般时
现进行时进行时
般时完成时
现完成时完成时
般时时
be going towaswere going towould
cancould
maymight
2) 时间点指示词变化：
herethere tomorrowthe next day the following day thisthat…
3) 称变化：根句意改变称
4) 直接宾语间接宾语
语+物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
直接宾语物动词直接象间接宾语物动词动作涉事务说间接宾语表示动作谁做者谁做间接宾语名词者宾格代词担
He gives me a book
me间接宾语 a book直接宾语
直接宾语间接宾语位置调换时加介词tofor
语+物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语
Give me a book
Give the book to me
Send his a letter
Send a letter to him
Show him the new dress
Show the new dress to him
动词：
1)代词be动词 第称 第二称 第三称 ……
格 I we you you sheheit they
宾格 me us you you herhimit them
代词格 my our your your herhisits their
名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hershisits theirs
be动词现时 Am are are are is are
be动词时 was were were were was were
2)名词复数
规变化名词复数形式
规1 般情况+s eg shell→shells toy→toys
规2 s x ch sh结尾+es eg fox→foxes church→churches
规3 o结尾s+es eg radio→radios potato→potatoes
规4 f fe结尾变f feves eg life→lives half→halves
规5 辅音字母+y结尾 变yi+es eg sky→skies study→studies
3)动词第三称单数形式
规1 般情况+s eg likelikes looklooks
规2 s x ch sh结尾+es eg dodoes catchcatches
规5 辅音字母+y结尾 变yi+es eg carrycarries flyflies
4)动词现分词
规 般动词加ing eg looklooking readreading playplaying
规二 发音字母结尾单词e加ing eg makemaking taketaking arrivearriving
规三 重读闭音节词结尾 单词中元音字母紧辅音字母词双写辅音字母加ing e g runrunning sitsitting getgetting swimswimming stopstopping
5)动词式
规动词变化
规 般动词加ed eg looklooked watchwatched playplayed
规二 e结尾加d eg makemaked arrivearrived
规三 辅音字母加结尾变yi加ed crycried carrycarried
规四 重读闭音节词结尾 单词中元音字母紧辅音字母词双写辅音字母加ed stopstopped
式读音
清辅音面(外)读t eg walked jumped
浊辅音元音读d eg washed watched
td读id eg waited hated
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6)形容词副词较级
较级 规 般加er eg highhigher
规二 结尾加r nicenicer
规三 辅音字母加y结尾变yi加er busybusier
规四 重读闭音节结尾 双写辅音字母加er fatfatter
形容词副词高级
高级 规 般加est eg highhighest
规二 结尾加st nicenicet
规三 辅音字母加y结尾变yi加est busybusiest
规四 重读闭音节结尾 双写辅音字母加est fatfattest
7)常见缩写：
is’s I amI’m are’re
is notisn’t iznt are notaren’t ant
do notdon’t
does notdoesn’t
was’s
did notdidn’t
can notcan’t
have’ve
has’s
have nothaven’t
has nothasn’t
will’ll
will notwon’t
shall notshan’t
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