收集2019年普通高等学校招生全国统考试（北京卷）套
英语
(考试时间100分钟 试卷满分120分)
考生务必答案答答题卡试卷作答效
考试结束试卷答题卡交回
第部分知识运(两节45分)
第节 语法填空(10题题15分15分)
A
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
On the first day of my first gradeI stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother How will I make friends She handed me advice Be yourself For the past 20 years I have lived by these words Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words Be yourself
答案1 voiced 2 facing 3 myself
解析
篇记叙文作者年级交友感困惑妈妈建议Be yourself受益终身
1题详解
考查时态句意：妈妈表达担忧交朋友？处voice动词表达意思作谓语叙述年级事情般式填voiced
2题详解
考查非谓语动词句意：紧张面挑战知道轻声说两简单字Be yourself分析句式知处做句子状语非谓语动词逻辑语I逻辑语间动关系现分词作状语填facing
3题详解
考查代词句意：紧张面挑战知道轻声说两简单字Be yourself句语I宾语语称时宾语反身代词填myself
B
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
Earth Day___4___(mark)on 22 Aprilis an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection First celebrated ___5___ 1970the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(区) No matter what you like to dothere is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day You can plant a treemake a meal with locally grown vegetablesor save power
—the possibilities are endless
答案4 marked 5 in 6 activities
解析
篇说明文文章介绍球日节日历史意义
4题详解
考查非谓语动词句意：球日4月22日举行项旨提高公众环保意识年度活动分析句式知设空处做名词Earth Day置定语两者间动关系分词填marked
5题详解
考查介词句意：第次庆祝1970年天活动遍190国家区年份前介词in填in
6题详解
考查名词句意：喜欢做什方法参球日种活动根设空前修饰词various知处名词复数形式填activities
C
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)thatfor most studentsit doesn't What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参)in academic lifetaking full advantage of the college
’s chances and resources(资源)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience
答案7 suggestssuggestedhas suggested
8 where 9 whothat
10 meaningful
解析
篇说明文研究表明学名气学生说重学生活中受益完全投入学术生活充分利学机会资源学生正确态度选择学
7题详解
考查时态句意：问题研究表明数学生说重里表示研究客观结果般现时般时现完成时均填suggestssuggestedhas suggested
8题详解
考查宾语句句意：学生学里做什似里（学）更重里表达学表示点作状语where
9题详解
考查定语句句意：学中获益学生完全投入学术生活学生___3___ are totally engaged(参)in academic life定语句修饰先行词those空格处句中作语代指填whothat
10题详解
考查形容词里前面healthy列修饰面名词college experience处形容词填meaningful
第二节 完形填空(20题题15分30分)
阅读面短文掌握意题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
Regardless of the weather or the distance Paul Wilson will make sure lowincome students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time
A retired engineer 76yearold Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64 000 miles and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians teachers and engineers but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson Some students ___16___ call him
Grandpa
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___ It's not just a rideyou're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on Stern said He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers so the next time you ride with him he'll ___21___ those things
Wilson first worked as a driver through a studentsupport programme of the nonprofit organisation On Point for College Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students If they have problems with registration
Wilson is there to ___24___ them If they run out of certain daily necessities Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal
For many students Wilson's help is not only appreciated it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education Some students don't have a reliable car while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week For them riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education
— but according to Wilson he benefits just as much from the ___29___ I just love driving and I love these kids Wilson said It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives even just for a few hours getting to know them and hearing their stories
11 A linking B sending C offering D distributing
12 A donating B lending C delivering D volunteering
13 A paved B covered C measured D wandered
14 A arguments B interviews C negotiations D conversations
15 A met B driven C addressed D conversations
16 A even B ever C once D already
17 A earned B received C assessed D demanded
18 A transportation B style C time D communication
19 A forced B awkward C ridiculous D suspicious
20 A selects B recites C guesses D remembers
21 A act on B settle on C check on D agree on
22 A club B league C college D programme
23 A far B around C beyond D forwards
24 A assist B watch C urge D warm
25 A expects B attempts C manages D hesitates
26 A extra B unusual C necessary D adequate
27 A share B fuel C repair D exchange
28 A required B allowed C reminded D convinced
29 A experience B arrangement C appreciation D employment
30 A effort B ambition C privilege D convenience
答案11 C 12 D 13 B 14 D 15 B 16 A 17 B 18 A 19 B 20 D 21 C 22 D 23 C 24 A 25 D 26 C 27 A 28 B 29 A 30 C
解析
篇记叙文文章叙述76岁Paul Wilson八年直免费接送低收入学生学感事迹
11题详解
考查动词辨析A linking连接B sending寄送 C offering提供D distributing分配根第段知Paul Wilson确保低收入学生时达学校推知该句应指：Wilson学生提供免费车服务C选项正确
12题详解
考查动词辨析A donating 捐献捐赠B lending出C delivering发表投递D volunteering愿根文中free rides知Wilson动愿汽车提供学生D选项正确
13题详解
考查动词辨析A paved铺设安排B covered行走覆盖C measured测量判断D wandered 徘徊漫步Wilson学生免费搭车迄已行程64000英里表示行走段路程应coverB选项正确
14题详解
考查名词辨析A arguments争B interviews接见采访C negotiations谈判D conversations谈话 Wilson接送学生学程中学生间愉快幽默谈话交谈D选项正确
15题详解
考查动词辨析A met 遇见B driven驾车开车C addressed事忙写址D greeted问候迎接根文知Wilson天接送学生学生现已成物理学家教师工程师等该空应该应句中he transports to and from school drive意驾车送（）B选项正确
16题详解
考查副词辨析A even甚B ever永远C once次D already已学生Wilson作偶朋友甚称爷爷该空表示递进A选项正确
17题详解
考查动词辨析A earned获B received收C assessed评估D demanded求根面介词from推知Tina SternWilson获免费车机会B选项正确
18题详解
考查名词辨析A transportation 运输运送B style风格类型C time时间次数D communication交流Tina Stern说行程仅仅免费运送已transportation意运送A选项正确
19题详解
考查形容词辨析A forced强迫B awkward尴尬笨拙C ridiculous笑D suspicious 疑怀疑Tina说：仅仅坐车已坐陷入令尴尬沉默中戴着耳麦坐 坐车里彼交谈沉默然令尴尬B选项正确
20题详解
考查动词辨析A selects选择B recites 背诵C guesses猜测D remembers记住记次坐车时候Wilson会问学生问题然记住答案D选项正确
21题详解
考查动词短语辨析A act on……起作B settle on定居决定C check on检查核实D agree on……取致意见坐车时候Wilson会问学生问题然记住答案次学生坐车时候 Wilson会检查次提东西该句指车期间Wilson会利机会解考查学生学情况C选项正确
22题详解
考查名词辨析A club俱乐部B league联盟社团C college学D programme项目计划Wilson初通非盈利组织On Point for College项目作名司机该项目求成员接送孩子学根句中studentsupport programme知D选项正确
23题详解
考查副词辨析A far远B around处C beyond更远处超D forwards前结合文中提If they have problems with registration Wilson is there to ____ them If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…知Wilson作超该项目求C选项正确
24题详解
考查动词辨析A assist帮助B watch观C urge强烈求D warm温暖果孩子登记方面问题Wilson会帮助（解决相关问题）A选项正确
25题详解
考查动词辨析A expects期B attempts试图C manages营设法D hesitates犹豫文举例子知该部分表达Wilson孩子帮助该处应指：孩子学途中饿时候Wilson会马买吃未犹豫D选项正确
26题详解
考查形容词辨析A extra额外B unusual寻常C necessary必需D adequate充足适根文中Some students don’t have a reliable car while others…For them riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education推知车困难学生说坐Wilson车完成学教育说必需C选项正确
27题详解
考查动词辨析A share分享B fuel加燃料C repair修理D exchange交换学生没法汽车学生必须周工作六天家长车辆表示需shareA选项正确
28题详解
考查动词辨析A required需B allowed允许C reminded提醒想起D convinced说服信服坐Wilson汽车完成学教育表示某做某事某够做某事应该allow sb to do sthB选项正确
29题详解
考查名词辨析A experience历验B arrangement安排C appreciation欣赏感激D employment 雇Wilson认接送学生学历中受益颇A选项正确
30题详解
考查名词辨析A effort努力B ambition雄心志C privilege荣幸特权优D convenience 方便便利Wilson认接送学生学历中受益颇程中认识学生听事认荣幸C选项正确
第二部分阅读理解(两节40分)
第节(15题题2分30分)
阅读列短文题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
A
Want to explore new culturesmeet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA)Whatever stage of life you're atwherever you go and whatever project you do in GDAyou'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区)
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds Most of our volunteers are aged 1724Now we need volunteer managers aged 2575They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes We have such roles as project managersmountain leadersand communication officers
Depending on which role you chooseyou could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking wateror help to protect valuable local cultures You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personallyyou'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends
This summer we have both 4week and 7week programmes
Country Schedule
4week programmes 7week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul 1Aug 20Jun 7Aug
Egypt 24 Jul20 Aug 19Jun6 Aug
Kenya 20 Jul16Aug 18 Jun5 Aug
South Africa 2Aug29 Aug 15 Jun2Aug
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities
There is no other chance like a GDA programme Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities
Find out more about joining a GDA programme
Websitewwwglodeveorg
Emailhumanresources@glodeveorg
31 What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A To seek local partners B To take in young volunteers
C To carry out programmes D To foster cultural awareness
32 The programme beginning in August will operate in
A Egypt B Algeria C Kenya D South Afria
33 The shared goal of GDA’s projects to
A explore new cultures B protect the environment
C gain corporate benefit D help communities in need
答案31 C 32 D 33 D
解析
文广告Global Development Association(GDA)致力积极改变贫穷偏远社区里探索新文化结识新朋友时做值事文章GDA招募志愿者介绍年夏天具体项目
31题详解
细节理解题题干问理员职责什根第三段中Depending on which role you choose you could help to increase or help to projectYou might also design知根岗位理员帮助增加区饮水规划方文化设计挑战项目培训年轻志愿者容判断出职责执行项目计划选C
32题详解
细节理解题题干问八月份开始项目里开展根表格中4week programmes中South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug知八月南非开始答案选D
33题详解
细节理解题题干问GDA项目目什根第段you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities知目标促进偏远贫穷区域发展帮助需社区选D
B
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者) who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy By the time she was 13her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids' teethinstead of destroying them
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad On the outing she was offered a candy bar However her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth But Moore was sick of missing out on candies So she desired to get round the warning Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it With that in mind Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain
With her dad's permission she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning Consequently she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners which can reduce oral bacteria
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground Afterwards she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner who finally agreed to sell Moore's productCancandy
As CanCandy's success grows so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created and she's also positive about what the future might bring She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile
Meanwhile with her parents' help Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life Although she founded her company early on in life she wasn't driven primarily by profit Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles She donates 10 of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles With her talent and determination it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore
34 How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A She argued with him B She tried to find a way out
C She paid no attention D She chose to consult dentists
35 What is special about CanCandy
A It is beneficial to dental health B It is free of sweeteners
C It is sweeter than other candies D It is produced to a dentists' recipe
36 What does Moore expect from her business
A To earn more money B To help others find smiles
C To make herself stand out D To beat other candy companies
37 What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A Fame is a great thirst of the young
B A youth is to be regarded with respect
C Positive thinking and action result in success
D Success means getting personal desires satisfied
答案34 B 35 A 36 B 37 C
解析
篇记叙文讲述Alice Moore年轻创业者事事告诉：积极思考行动会带成功
34题详解
推理判断题根第二段But Moore was sick of missing out on candies So she desired to get round the warning Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it 文想方设法终制作出CanCandy糖果知父亲警告反应：试图找条出路解决问题选B
35题详解
细节理解题根第三段Consequently she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners which can reduce oral bacteria知种糖天然甜味剂减少口腔细菌牙齿利选A
36题详解
细节理解题根段Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles知Moor想独特帮助找笑容选B
37题详解
推理判断题文章讲述Moor创业事成功源面问题困难时乐观问题积极想方设法解决问题通事懂积极思考行动会带成功选C
C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know By next yearhalf of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of toolsapps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through Unfortunatelyit's too littletoo late By the time these
solutions(解决方案)become widely availablescammers will have moved onto cleverer means In the near futureit's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use At this year's IO Conference a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches(数侵入)of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name and far more Armed with this knowledge they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people This means for examplethat a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 'sricking you into confirming your addressmother's nameand card number Scammers follow moneyso companies will be the worst hit A lot of business is still done over the phoneand much of it is based on trust and existing relationships Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images showing when and who they were made by or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards databased communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp which can be tied to your identity
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose and the problem is only going to harder from here on out
38 How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls
A Panicked B Confused C Embarrassed D Disappointed
39 Taking advantage of the new technologiesscammer can______
A aim at victims precisely B damage databases easily
C start campaigns rapidly D spread information widely
40 What does the passage imply
A Honesty is the best policy
B Technologies can be doubleedited
C There are more solutions than problems
D Credibility holds the key to development
41 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Roboealls
C Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
答案38 D 39 A 40 B 41 C
解析
篇说明文语音操作动化技术出现机器电话假乱真语音操作动化技术发展会机器电话产生问题更加严重
38题详解
推理判断题根第段中We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through Unfortunately it’s too little too late By the time these solutions become widely available scammers will have moved onto clever means知通支持开发旨防止欺诈者通工具应程序方法认识问题严重性幸努力太少太晚
解决方案广泛时候骗子转移更巧妙手段推知作者认解决办法解决问题起什作作者感失D选项正确
39题详解
细节理解题根第三段中The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name and far more Armed with this knowledge they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people This means for example that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s tricking you into confirming your address mother’s name and card number知机器通话令头痛说数量关说精确度关长达十年信息泄露已导致样种情况：骗子轻易知道母亲名字甚更知识够开展针性活动欺骗根知利种新技术欺诈者精确确定行骗目标A选项正确
40题详解
推理判断题根第二段句知项语音技术产生听起类非常相似声音接员进行交谈进行预订知项新技术方面根第三段叙述知欺诈者利项新技术进行欺诈行推知项新技术发挥作坏利产生影响说双刃剑B选项正确
41题详解
旨意题第段提：robocalls（机器电话 动拨号播放录音信息推销电话）未变会越越严重仅仅出现手机屏幕电话号码令怀疑会质疑听声音否真第二段介绍原：语音操作动化技术出现机器电话假乱真第三段介绍语音操作动化技术发展会机器电话产生问题更加严重两段提出该应问题综文章第段点明文章中心：机器电话问题未会变越越严重文围绕话题展开C选项适合作标题
D
By the end of the centuryif not soonerthe world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climateaccording to a new study
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton Because of the way light reflects off the organismsthese phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface Ocean colour varies from green to bluedepending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areaswhile reducing it in other spotsleading to changes in the ocean's appearance
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surfacewhere they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen When these organisms diethey bury carbon in the deep oceanan important process that helps to regulate the global climate But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growthsince they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to growbut also nutrients
Stephanie Dutkiewicza scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Sciencebuilt a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century In a world that warms up by 3℃it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer But in some waterssuch as those of the Arctica warming will make conditions riper for phytoplanktonand these areas will turn greener Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing she saidbut the type of phytoplankton is changing
42 What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A The various patterns at the ocean surface
B The cause of the changes in ocean colour
C The way light reflects off marine organisms
D The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton
43 What does the underlined wordvulnerablein Paragraph 3 probably mean
A Sensitive B Beneficial C Significant D Unnoticeable
44 What can we learn from the passage
A Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem
B Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes
C Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate
D Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener
45 What is the main purpose of the passage？
A To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes
B To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain
C To explain the effects of climate change on oceans
D To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton
答案42 B 43 A 44 D 45 C
解析
文说明文项新研究表明气候变暖世界海洋会变更蓝更绿现象种做浮游植物微海洋微生物光线反射作海洋表面形成五颜六色图案浮游植物容易受海洋变暖趋势影响气候变暖会改变海洋特征影响浮游植物生长
42题详解
旨意题第段By the end of the century If not sooner the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate according to a new study知世纪末项新研究表明气候变暖果快话世界海洋会变更蓝更绿结合第二段At the heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton Becaust of the way light reflects off the organisms these phytoplanktons create colourful patterns at the ocean surface Ocean colour varies from green to blue depending on the type and concentration知种现象核心种做浮游植物微海洋微生物光线作海洋表面形成五颜六色图案海洋颜色绿色蓝色等取决海洋类型浮游植物浓度推断出两段叙述海洋生物海洋颜色变化原分析选项知B符合题意选B
43题详解
猜测词义题根划线词Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow but also nutrients知气候变暖会改变海洋特征会影响浮游植物生长判断But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s wamning trend知浮游植物容易受海洋变暖趋势影响知A项正确
44题详解
推理判断题根第四段The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer But in some waters such as those of the Arctic a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton and these areas will turn greener
知Dutkiewicz模型预测目前少量浮游植物蓝色区域会变更蓝水域北极气候变暖会浮游植物生长条件更加成熟水域会变更绿推断浮游植物生长条件更加成熟浮游动植物更水域会变更绿分析选项知D项符合题意
45题详解
旨意题第段提出文章旨By the end of the century If not sooner the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate according to a new study知世纪末项新研究表明气候变暖果快话世界海洋会变更蓝更绿结合第三段But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warning trendWarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth …知浮游植物容易受海洋警告趋势影响变暖改变海洋关键特征影响浮游植物生长知文解释气候变化海洋植物影响选C
第二节 (5题题2分10分)
根短文容短文七选项中选出填入空白处佳选项选项中两项余选项
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals_____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on footballbasketball and baseball The results are mixed For football and basketballadding talented players to a team proves a good methodbut only up to the point where 70 of the players are top talentabove that level the team’s performance begins to decline Interestinglythis trend isn’t evident in baseballwhere additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance
To explain this phenomenonthe researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions______48______In baseballthe performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates They conclude that when task interdependence is highteam performance will suffer when there is too much talentwhile individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower If a basketball star isfor exampletrying to gain a high personal point totalhe may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammateaffecting the team's performance Young children learning to play team sports are often toldThere is no I in TEAM
___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a teamsome players may make less effort Just as in a game of tugofwar(拔河赛)whenever a person is addedeveryone else pulls the rope with less force
___50___An Ateam may require a balance——not just A playersbut a few generous B players as well
A It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent
B Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention
D Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship
E Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world
F Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent
G This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball
答案46 B 47 E
48 G 49 D
50 F
解析
篇夹叙夹议文章文章讲建立支佳阵容球队简单雇佣优秀复杂支流球队需种衡——仅仅球员需雅量普通球员
46题详解
文说数相信建立伟团队方法聚集群天赋文说公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业士该空承启举例B选项运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖切题选B
47题详解
文说专注足球篮球篮球结果坏属体育方面该空引出文E选项项研究调查体育世界中作切题选E
48题详解
文说解释现象研究员探索场表现求队员协调行动程度文说明研究结果该空承启G选项项务相互赖性棒球区足球篮球切题选G
49题详解
文说球星分影响团队表现该空承接文D选项球星显然没遵守运动员精神基原切题选D
50题详解
文说支流球队需种衡——仅仅球员需雅量普通球员该空引出文F选项建立支佳阵容球队简单雇佣优秀复杂切题选F
第三部分书面表达(两节35分)
第节 (15分)
51假设红星中学高三学生李华英国友Jim算暑假期间北京天津海旅游发邮件询问相关信息请回复邮件容包括
1交通出行
2必备衣物
注意
1词数少50
2开头结尾已出计入总词数
Dear Jim
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
答案Dear Jim
I’m pleased that you’re coming to tour in China
I suggest that you begin from Beijing and I’ll show you around Tianjin will be your next stop After that you can go to Shanghai where you can stay for a week You can take highspeed trains to both cities
Summer in these cities is hot and rainy so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you
Looking forward to your arrival
Yours
Li Hua
解析
分析
文篇应文求朋友写回信
详解红星中学高三学生李华英国友Jim算暑假期间北京天津海旅游发邮件询问相关信息求回复邮件容包括 1交通出行 2必备衣物文时态应采般现时般时第称第二称写文章分三部分写：首先表达欢迎Jim中国然交代交通出行必备衣物盼朋友注意高级词汇句式文章增添色彩注意连接词衔接词文章然流畅
点睛文容完整语言表述流畅文章高分句型that you’re coming to tour in Chinathat you begin from Beijing and I’ll show you around宾语句 where you can stay for a week非限制性定语句
第二节(20分)
52假设红星中学高三学生李华班周组织次劳动光荣题社会实践活动请根四幅图先序写篇英文周记记述整程
注意词数少60
提示词西瓜watermelon
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs
At the class meeting our teacher told us about the programme with the theme Working is most beautiful And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands
When I got home I packed up my luggage for the trip
On the farm we helped pick watermelons While working I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun
When I came back home I shared my experiences with my parents And they were very proud of me
解析
分析
文属图画作文求根图画容写篇英文周记
详解假红星中学高三学生李华班周组织次劳动光荣题社会实践活动求根四幅图先序写篇英文周记记述整程图画作文容点较清晰中包括：老师宣布活动容意义活动准备农场劳动程介绍活动感受样利学生写作时发挥扩展全文分成三部分开头段概括活动中间段描述图画结尾段总结收获意义文章第称写般时
点睛文容完整语言表述通连接词衔接词文章然流畅文章宾语句 how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun At the class meeting When I got home On the farm While working When I came back home等渡词
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收集2019年普通高等学校招生全国统考试（北京卷）套
英语
(考试时间100分钟 试卷满分120分)
考生务必答案答答题卡试卷作答效
考试结束试卷答题卡交回
第部分知识运(两节45分)
第节 语法填空(10题题15分15分)
A
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
On the first day of my first gradeI stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother How will I make friends She handed me advice Be yourself For the past 20 years I have lived by these words Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words Be yourself
答案1 voiced 2 facing 3 myself
解析
篇记叙文作者年级交友感困惑妈妈建议Be yourself受益终身
1题详解
考查时态句意：妈妈表达担忧交朋友？处voice动词表达意思作谓语叙述年级事情般式填voiced
2题详解
考查非谓语动词句意：紧张面挑战知道轻声说两简单字Be yourself分析句式知处做句子状语非谓语动词逻辑语I逻辑语间动关系现分词作状语填facing
3题详解
考查代词句意：紧张面挑战知道轻声说两简单字Be yourself句语I宾语语称时宾语反身代词填myself
B
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
Earth Day___4___(mark)on 22 Aprilis an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection First celebrated ___5___ 1970the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(区) No matter what you like to dothere is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day You can plant a treemake a meal with locally grown vegetablesor save power
—the possibilities are endless
答案4 marked 5 in 6 activities
解析
篇说明文文章介绍球日节日历史意义
4题详解
考查非谓语动词句意：球日4月22日举行项旨提高公众环保意识年度活动分析句式知设空处做名词Earth Day置定语两者间动关系分词填marked
5题详解
考查介词句意：第次庆祝1970年天活动遍190国家区年份前介词in填in
6题详解
考查名词句意：喜欢做什方法参球日种活动根设空前修饰词various知处名词复数形式填activities
C
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)thatfor most studentsit doesn't What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参)in academic lifetaking full advantage of the college
’s chances and resources(资源)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience
答案7 suggestssuggestedhas suggested
8 where 9 whothat
10 meaningful
解析
篇说明文研究表明学名气学生说重学生活中受益完全投入学术生活充分利学机会资源学生正确态度选择学
7题详解
考查时态句意：问题研究表明数学生说重里表示研究客观结果般现时般时现完成时均填suggestssuggestedhas suggested
8题详解
考查宾语句句意：学生学里做什似里（学）更重里表达学表示点作状语where
9题详解
考查定语句句意：学中获益学生完全投入学术生活学生___3___ are totally engaged(参)in academic life定语句修饰先行词those空格处句中作语代指填whothat
10题详解
考查形容词里前面healthy列修饰面名词college experience处形容词填meaningful
第二节 完形填空(20题题15分30分)
阅读面短文掌握意题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
Regardless of the weather or the distance Paul Wilson will make sure lowincome students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time
A retired engineer 76yearold Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64 000 miles and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians teachers and engineers but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson Some students ___16___ call him
Grandpa
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___ It's not just a rideyou're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on Stern said He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers so the next time you ride with him he'll ___21___ those things
Wilson first worked as a driver through a studentsupport programme of the nonprofit organisation On Point for College Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students If they have problems with registration
Wilson is there to ___24___ them If they run out of certain daily necessities Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal
For many students Wilson's help is not only appreciated it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education Some students don't have a reliable car while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week For them riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education
— but according to Wilson he benefits just as much from the ___29___ I just love driving and I love these kids Wilson said It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives even just for a few hours getting to know them and hearing their stories
11 A linking B sending C offering D distributing
12 A donating B lending C delivering D volunteering
13 A paved B covered C measured D wandered
14 A arguments B interviews C negotiations D conversations
15 A met B driven C addressed D conversations
16 A even B ever C once D already
17 A earned B received C assessed D demanded
18 A transportation B style C time D communication
19 A forced B awkward C ridiculous D suspicious
20 A selects B recites C guesses D remembers
21 A act on B settle on C check on D agree on
22 A club B league C college D programme
23 A far B around C beyond D forwards
24 A assist B watch C urge D warm
25 A expects B attempts C manages D hesitates
26 A extra B unusual C necessary D adequate
27 A share B fuel C repair D exchange
28 A required B allowed C reminded D convinced
29 A experience B arrangement C appreciation D employment
30 A effort B ambition C privilege D convenience
答案11 C 12 D 13 B 14 D 15 B 16 A 17 B 18 A 19 B 20 D 21 C 22 D 23 C 24 A 25 D 26 C 27 A 28 B 29 A 30 C
解析
篇记叙文文章叙述76岁Paul Wilson八年直免费接送低收入学生学感事迹
11题详解
考查动词辨析A linking连接B sending寄送 C offering提供D distributing分配根第段知Paul Wilson确保低收入学生时达学校推知该句应指：Wilson学生提供免费车服务C选项正确
12题详解
考查动词辨析A donating 捐献捐赠B lending出C delivering发表投递D volunteering愿根文中free rides知Wilson动愿汽车提供学生D选项正确
13题详解
考查动词辨析A paved铺设安排B covered行走覆盖C measured测量判断D wandered 徘徊漫步Wilson学生免费搭车迄已行程64000英里表示行走段路程应coverB选项正确
14题详解
考查名词辨析A arguments争B interviews接见采访C negotiations谈判D conversations谈话 Wilson接送学生学程中学生间愉快幽默谈话交谈D选项正确
15题详解
考查动词辨析A met 遇见B driven驾车开车C addressed事忙写址D greeted问候迎接根文知Wilson天接送学生学生现已成物理学家教师工程师等该空应该应句中he transports to and from school drive意驾车送（）B选项正确
16题详解
考查副词辨析A even甚B ever永远C once次D already已学生Wilson作偶朋友甚称爷爷该空表示递进A选项正确
17题详解
考查动词辨析A earned获B received收C assessed评估D demanded求根面介词from推知Tina SternWilson获免费车机会B选项正确
18题详解
考查名词辨析A transportation 运输运送B style风格类型C time时间次数D communication交流Tina Stern说行程仅仅免费运送已transportation意运送A选项正确
19题详解
考查形容词辨析A forced强迫B awkward尴尬笨拙C ridiculous笑D suspicious 疑怀疑Tina说：仅仅坐车已坐陷入令尴尬沉默中戴着耳麦坐 坐车里彼交谈沉默然令尴尬B选项正确
20题详解
考查动词辨析A selects选择B recites 背诵C guesses猜测D remembers记住记次坐车时候Wilson会问学生问题然记住答案D选项正确
21题详解
考查动词短语辨析A act on……起作B settle on定居决定C check on检查核实D agree on……取致意见坐车时候Wilson会问学生问题然记住答案次学生坐车时候 Wilson会检查次提东西该句指车期间Wilson会利机会解考查学生学情况C选项正确
22题详解
考查名词辨析A club俱乐部B league联盟社团C college学D programme项目计划Wilson初通非盈利组织On Point for College项目作名司机该项目求成员接送孩子学根句中studentsupport programme知D选项正确
23题详解
考查副词辨析A far远B around处C beyond更远处超D forwards前结合文中提If they have problems with registration Wilson is there to ____ them If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…知Wilson作超该项目求C选项正确
24题详解
考查动词辨析A assist帮助B watch观C urge强烈求D warm温暖果孩子登记方面问题Wilson会帮助（解决相关问题）A选项正确
25题详解
考查动词辨析A expects期B attempts试图C manages营设法D hesitates犹豫文举例子知该部分表达Wilson孩子帮助该处应指：孩子学途中饿时候Wilson会马买吃未犹豫D选项正确
26题详解
考查形容词辨析A extra额外B unusual寻常C necessary必需D adequate充足适根文中Some students don’t have a reliable car while others…For them riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education推知车困难学生说坐Wilson车完成学教育说必需C选项正确
27题详解
考查动词辨析A share分享B fuel加燃料C repair修理D exchange交换学生没法汽车学生必须周工作六天家长车辆表示需shareA选项正确
28题详解
考查动词辨析A required需B allowed允许C reminded提醒想起D convinced说服信服坐Wilson汽车完成学教育表示某做某事某够做某事应该allow sb to do sthB选项正确
29题详解
考查名词辨析A experience历验B arrangement安排C appreciation欣赏感激D employment 雇Wilson认接送学生学历中受益颇A选项正确
30题详解
考查名词辨析A effort努力B ambition雄心志C privilege荣幸特权优D convenience 方便便利Wilson认接送学生学历中受益颇程中认识学生听事认荣幸C选项正确
第二部分阅读理解(两节40分)
第节(15题题2分30分)
阅读列短文题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
A
Want to explore new culturesmeet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA)Whatever stage of life you're atwherever you go and whatever project you do in GDAyou'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区)
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds Most of our volunteers are aged 1724Now we need volunteer managers aged 2575They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes We have such roles as project managersmountain leadersand communication officers
Depending on which role you chooseyou could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking wateror help to protect valuable local cultures You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personallyyou'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends
This summer we have both 4week and 7week programmes
Country Schedule
4week programmes 7week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul 1Aug 20Jun 7Aug
Egypt 24 Jul20 Aug 19Jun6 Aug
Kenya 20 Jul16Aug 18 Jun5 Aug
South Africa 2Aug29 Aug 15 Jun2Aug
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities
There is no other chance like a GDA programme Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities
Find out more about joining a GDA programme
Websitewwwglodeveorg
Emailhumanresources@glodeveorg
31 What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A To seek local partners B To take in young volunteers
C To carry out programmes D To foster cultural awareness
32 The programme beginning in August will operate in
A Egypt B Algeria C Kenya D South Afria
33 The shared goal of GDA’s projects to
A explore new cultures B protect the environment
C gain corporate benefit D help communities in need
答案31 C 32 D 33 D
解析
文广告Global Development Association(GDA)致力积极改变贫穷偏远社区里探索新文化结识新朋友时做值事文章GDA招募志愿者介绍年夏天具体项目
31题详解
细节理解题题干问理员职责什根第三段中Depending on which role you choose you could help to increase or help to projectYou might also design知根岗位理员帮助增加区饮水规划方文化设计挑战项目培训年轻志愿者容判断出职责执行项目计划选C
32题详解
细节理解题题干问八月份开始项目里开展根表格中4week programmes中South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug知八月南非开始答案选D
33题详解
细节理解题题干问GDA项目目什根第段you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities知目标促进偏远贫穷区域发展帮助需社区选D
B
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者) who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy By the time she was 13her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids' teethinstead of destroying them
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad On the outing she was offered a candy bar However her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth But Moore was sick of missing out on candies So she desired to get round the warning Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it With that in mind Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain
With her dad's permission she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning Consequently she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners which can reduce oral bacteria
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground Afterwards she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner who finally agreed to sell Moore's productCancandy
As CanCandy's success grows so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created and she's also positive about what the future might bring She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile
Meanwhile with her parents' help Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life Although she founded her company early on in life she wasn't driven primarily by profit Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles She donates 10 of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles With her talent and determination it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore
34 How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A She argued with him B She tried to find a way out
C She paid no attention D She chose to consult dentists
35 What is special about CanCandy
A It is beneficial to dental health B It is free of sweeteners
C It is sweeter than other candies D It is produced to a dentists' recipe
36 What does Moore expect from her business
A To earn more money B To help others find smiles
C To make herself stand out D To beat other candy companies
37 What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A Fame is a great thirst of the young
B A youth is to be regarded with respect
C Positive thinking and action result in success
D Success means getting personal desires satisfied
答案34 B 35 A 36 B 37 C
解析
篇记叙文讲述Alice Moore年轻创业者事事告诉：积极思考行动会带成功
34题详解
推理判断题根第二段But Moore was sick of missing out on candies So she desired to get round the warning Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it 文想方设法终制作出CanCandy糖果知父亲警告反应：试图找条出路解决问题选B
35题详解
细节理解题根第三段Consequently she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners which can reduce oral bacteria知种糖天然甜味剂减少口腔细菌牙齿利选A
36题详解
细节理解题根段Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles知Moor想独特帮助找笑容选B
37题详解
推理判断题文章讲述Moor创业事成功源面问题困难时乐观问题积极想方设法解决问题通事懂积极思考行动会带成功选C
C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know By next yearhalf of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of toolsapps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through Unfortunatelyit's too littletoo late By the time these
solutions(解决方案)become widely availablescammers will have moved onto cleverer means In the near futureit's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use At this year's IO Conference a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches(数侵入)of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name and far more Armed with this knowledge they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people This means for examplethat a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 'sricking you into confirming your addressmother's nameand card number Scammers follow moneyso companies will be the worst hit A lot of business is still done over the phoneand much of it is based on trust and existing relationships Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images showing when and who they were made by or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards databased communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp which can be tied to your identity
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose and the problem is only going to harder from here on out
38 How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls
A Panicked B Confused C Embarrassed D Disappointed
39 Taking advantage of the new technologiesscammer can______
A aim at victims precisely B damage databases easily
C start campaigns rapidly D spread information widely
40 What does the passage imply
A Honesty is the best policy
B Technologies can be doubleedited
C There are more solutions than problems
D Credibility holds the key to development
41 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Roboealls
C Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
答案38 D 39 A 40 B 41 C
解析
篇说明文语音操作动化技术出现机器电话假乱真语音操作动化技术发展会机器电话产生问题更加严重
38题详解
推理判断题根第段中We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through Unfortunately it’s too little too late By the time these solutions become widely available scammers will have moved onto clever means知通支持开发旨防止欺诈者通工具应程序方法认识问题严重性幸努力太少太晚
解决方案广泛时候骗子转移更巧妙手段推知作者认解决办法解决问题起什作作者感失D选项正确
39题详解
细节理解题根第三段中The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name and far more Armed with this knowledge they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people This means for example that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s tricking you into confirming your address mother’s name and card number知机器通话令头痛说数量关说精确度关长达十年信息泄露已导致样种情况：骗子轻易知道母亲名字甚更知识够开展针性活动欺骗根知利种新技术欺诈者精确确定行骗目标A选项正确
40题详解
推理判断题根第二段句知项语音技术产生听起类非常相似声音接员进行交谈进行预订知项新技术方面根第三段叙述知欺诈者利项新技术进行欺诈行推知项新技术发挥作坏利产生影响说双刃剑B选项正确
41题详解
旨意题第段提：robocalls（机器电话 动拨号播放录音信息推销电话）未变会越越严重仅仅出现手机屏幕电话号码令怀疑会质疑听声音否真第二段介绍原：语音操作动化技术出现机器电话假乱真第三段介绍语音操作动化技术发展会机器电话产生问题更加严重两段提出该应问题综文章第段点明文章中心：机器电话问题未会变越越严重文围绕话题展开C选项适合作标题
D
By the end of the centuryif not soonerthe world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climateaccording to a new study
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton Because of the way light reflects off the organismsthese phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface Ocean colour varies from green to bluedepending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areaswhile reducing it in other spotsleading to changes in the ocean's appearance
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surfacewhere they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen When these organisms diethey bury carbon in the deep oceanan important process that helps to regulate the global climate But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growthsince they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to growbut also nutrients
Stephanie Dutkiewicza scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Sciencebuilt a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century In a world that warms up by 3℃it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer But in some waterssuch as those of the Arctica warming will make conditions riper for phytoplanktonand these areas will turn greener Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing she saidbut the type of phytoplankton is changing
42 What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A The various patterns at the ocean surface
B The cause of the changes in ocean colour
C The way light reflects off marine organisms
D The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton
43 What does the underlined wordvulnerablein Paragraph 3 probably mean
A Sensitive B Beneficial C Significant D Unnoticeable
44 What can we learn from the passage
A Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem
B Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes
C Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate
D Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener
45 What is the main purpose of the passage？
A To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes
B To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain
C To explain the effects of climate change on oceans
D To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton
答案42 B 43 A 44 D 45 C
解析
文说明文项新研究表明气候变暖世界海洋会变更蓝更绿现象种做浮游植物微海洋微生物光线反射作海洋表面形成五颜六色图案浮游植物容易受海洋变暖趋势影响气候变暖会改变海洋特征影响浮游植物生长
42题详解
旨意题第段By the end of the century If not sooner the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate according to a new study知世纪末项新研究表明气候变暖果快话世界海洋会变更蓝更绿结合第二段At the heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton Becaust of the way light reflects off the organisms these phytoplanktons create colourful patterns at the ocean surface Ocean colour varies from green to blue depending on the type and concentration知种现象核心种做浮游植物微海洋微生物光线作海洋表面形成五颜六色图案海洋颜色绿色蓝色等取决海洋类型浮游植物浓度推断出两段叙述海洋生物海洋颜色变化原分析选项知B符合题意选B
43题详解
猜测词义题根划线词Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow but also nutrients知气候变暖会改变海洋特征会影响浮游植物生长判断But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s wamning trend知浮游植物容易受海洋变暖趋势影响知A项正确
44题详解
推理判断题根第四段The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer But in some waters such as those of the Arctic a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton and these areas will turn greener
知Dutkiewicz模型预测目前少量浮游植物蓝色区域会变更蓝水域北极气候变暖会浮游植物生长条件更加成熟水域会变更绿推断浮游植物生长条件更加成熟浮游动植物更水域会变更绿分析选项知D项符合题意
45题详解
旨意题第段提出文章旨By the end of the century If not sooner the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate according to a new study知世纪末项新研究表明气候变暖果快话世界海洋会变更蓝更绿结合第三段But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warning trendWarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth …知浮游植物容易受海洋警告趋势影响变暖改变海洋关键特征影响浮游植物生长知文解释气候变化海洋植物影响选C
第二节 (5题题2分10分)
根短文容短文七选项中选出填入空白处佳选项选项中两项余选项
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals_____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on footballbasketball and baseball The results are mixed For football and basketballadding talented players to a team proves a good methodbut only up to the point where 70 of the players are top talentabove that level the team’s performance begins to decline Interestinglythis trend isn’t evident in baseballwhere additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance
To explain this phenomenonthe researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions______48______In baseballthe performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates They conclude that when task interdependence is highteam performance will suffer when there is too much talentwhile individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower If a basketball star isfor exampletrying to gain a high personal point totalhe may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammateaffecting the team's performance Young children learning to play team sports are often toldThere is no I in TEAM
___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a teamsome players may make less effort Just as in a game of tugofwar(拔河赛)whenever a person is addedeveryone else pulls the rope with less force
___50___An Ateam may require a balance——not just A playersbut a few generous B players as well
A It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent
B Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention
D Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship
E Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world
F Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent
G This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball
答案46 B 47 E
48 G 49 D
50 F
解析
篇夹叙夹议文章文章讲建立支佳阵容球队简单雇佣优秀复杂支流球队需种衡——仅仅球员需雅量普通球员
46题详解
文说数相信建立伟团队方法聚集群天赋文说公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业士该空承启举例B选项运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖切题选B
47题详解
文说专注足球篮球篮球结果坏属体育方面该空引出文E选项项研究调查体育世界中作切题选E
48题详解
文说解释现象研究员探索场表现求队员协调行动程度文说明研究结果该空承启G选项项务相互赖性棒球区足球篮球切题选G
49题详解
文说球星分影响团队表现该空承接文D选项球星显然没遵守运动员精神基原切题选D
50题详解
文说支流球队需种衡——仅仅球员需雅量普通球员该空引出文F选项建立支佳阵容球队简单雇佣优秀复杂切题选F
第三部分书面表达(两节35分)
第节 (15分)
51假设红星中学高三学生李华英国友Jim算暑假期间北京天津海旅游发邮件询问相关信息请回复邮件容包括
1交通出行
2必备衣物
注意
1词数少50
2开头结尾已出计入总词数
Dear Jim
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
答案Dear Jim
I’m pleased that you’re coming to tour in China
I suggest that you begin from Beijing and I’ll show you around Tianjin will be your next stop After that you can go to Shanghai where you can stay for a week You can take highspeed trains to both cities
Summer in these cities is hot and rainy so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you
Looking forward to your arrival
Yours
Li Hua
解析
分析
文篇应文求朋友写回信
详解红星中学高三学生李华英国友Jim算暑假期间北京天津海旅游发邮件询问相关信息求回复邮件容包括 1交通出行 2必备衣物文时态应采般现时般时第称第二称写文章分三部分写：首先表达欢迎Jim中国然交代交通出行必备衣物盼朋友注意高级词汇句式文章增添色彩注意连接词衔接词文章然流畅
点睛文容完整语言表述流畅文章高分句型that you’re coming to tour in Chinathat you begin from Beijing and I’ll show you around宾语句 where you can stay for a week非限制性定语句
第二节(20分)
52假设红星中学高三学生李华班周组织次劳动光荣题社会实践活动请根四幅图先序写篇英文周记记述整程
注意词数少60
提示词西瓜watermelon
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs
At the class meeting our teacher told us about the programme with the theme Working is most beautiful And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands
When I got home I packed up my luggage for the trip
On the farm we helped pick watermelons While working I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun
When I came back home I shared my experiences with my parents And they were very proud of me
解析
分析
文属图画作文求根图画容写篇英文周记
详解假红星中学高三学生李华班周组织次劳动光荣题社会实践活动求根四幅图先序写篇英文周记记述整程图画作文容点较清晰中包括：老师宣布活动容意义活动准备农场劳动程介绍活动感受样利学生写作时发挥扩展全文分成三部分开头段概括活动中间段描述图画结尾段总结收获意义文章第称写般时
点睛文容完整语言表述通连接词衔接词文章然流畅文章宾语句 how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun At the class meeting When I got home On the farm While working When I came back home等渡词
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