外文文献翻译：原文+译文
文献出处：Bird D The study of film postproduction and editing [J] Screen Education 20163（2）：7889
原文
The study of film postproduction and editing
Bird D
Abstract
Film and television postproduction sound of words images and other audiovisual means a combination of highly integrated creation is the last procedure of film and television program production the level of production is directly related to the quality of the program the following is the history of the development characteristics pay attention to the place to talk about the film and television postproduction In the process of development of film and television production film and television postproduction and editing and preproduction are equally important If you want to do the film and television postproduction must according to the requirements of the film and television program production choose the right means of editing
Key words Film and television Postproduction The editor
1 Introduction
From Hollywood to create the illusion of the world to the television news focus on the real life to a frenzy of advertising no do not affect our life In the past the film and television program production is the job of the professional personnel for the public is ignorant For decades digital technology in the process of film and television production comprehensive computer gradually replaced many of the original film and television equipment and each link has played a major role in film and television production The use of film and television production has been extremely expensive professional hardware and software nonprofessional personnel it is difficult to see the equipment not to mention skilled use of these tools to make your own work As PC performance significantly increase prices falling film and television production from the previous professional hardware equipment to gradually move on PC platform the original identity of professional software also gradually transplanted to the platform the price also is becoming more and more popular
At the same time the application of film and television production from professional film and television production to expand to the computer games multimedia network home entertainment such as wider fields Many homework personnel in the industry with a large number of movie lovers now a computer can use their own hands to make his TV programs Digital nonlinear editing not only combines the advantages of traditional film and television editor also on the further development is the significant progress video editing technology Starting in the 80 s digital nonlinear editing in film production gradually replaced the traditional way become a standard method of film editing With the rapid development of technology of film and television production postproduction and take on the responsibilities of the play a very important the production of special lens Special lens is refers to the lens which cannot be obtained by direct shot Early film and television special effects are mostly through the model production special photography and optical synthesis and so on traditional methods to complete mainly in the process of shooting stage and develop complete The use of computers for specialeffects provides more and better method also make a lot of the past must be used to model and photography means complete special effects can be completed by computer so more special effects become the postproduction work The production of special effects shots refers to the special effects shots taken not directly get shot Early film and television advertising film and television special effects are mostly through the model production special photography the traditional methods such as optical synthesis mainly in the stage of the film and print The use of computer digital provides more better means for the production of special effects also make a lot of the past must be used to model and the photography done special effects can be completed through the computer technology so the more special effects become the postproduction work Can be seen from the above analysis linear editing and nonlinear editing each have characteristics in the later stages of the film and television program editing in both is be short of one cannot in order to make the film and television late edit program need according to the requirements of the program production combined with the characteristics of two kinds of edit mode selects the appropriate edit mode
2 The development of film postproduction technology
In the early 1990 s developed countries such as Canada the United States the use of computer technology multimedia technology and the combination of film and television production achieve success launched a desktop editing studio is today's nonlinear editing audio workstation Nonlinear editing (Nonlinear Edit) is a product of traditional equipment with computer technology which USES digital computer records all the digital files stored continuously update and Edit video program Makes any fragments can watch immediately and any change at any time in this way can finish edit original as efficient as possible such as editing switching and lens special transformation and completed by computer digital video editing and generates a complete video playback to the video surveillance equipment or transfer to the video In essence this technique provides a convenient quick and efficient method of TV editing Today nonlinear editor has become the late film and television production of an important means Similarly linear editor is another important way Were in fact socalled linear editing by video recorder onetoone or second team a desktop editing video recorder mother will bring material by electric electric copy in another video on second edition copy among this completed such as access point Settings transitions are analog signals to analog signals because once the conversion is completed record became the track so can't modify once need to insert the new material or change a certain length of the lens the later will all be redone Nonlinear editing is relative to the case of linear editing They both are important means of film and television production late edit Before did not appear in nonlinear editing linear editor in the late film and television production plays an important role absolutely now formed both in the film and television production late edit hand in photograph reflect they both have their own characteristics and advantages Linear editing and has a very close relationship between nonlinear editing linear editing is nonlinear editing's predecessor first of all on the basic ideas and art concept linear editing and nonlinear editing is the same which is the core of postproduction
Second many professional concepts and terminology and both are the same Nonlinear editing software such as the famous Speed Razor Pro user manual in the city's key bright and downstream of the concept of linear editing and even the whole of this manual is according to the function of linear editing senior special machine to write
3 Characteristics of film postproduction and editing
After decades of development the linear editing technique has been very mature the use of weaving machine catalog the controller directly to video material for operation intuitive interface concise simple operation using the combination of edit insert edit images and sound can be edited respectively coupled with subtitles machine special machine time base corrector etc can fully meet the needs of production finish like a lens skill set in and out of the point set subtitles and graphic overlay sound effects and music with addition of postproduction Linear editing system based on magnetic tape record carrier linear array signal according to the time looking for material VCR to roll with the search can only on one dimensional time axis according to the order of the lens as a group search cannot jump the choice of the material is very time consuming Difficult to show the modified electronic edit mode is based on linear record tape normally only in editing order record although into edit mode allows replacement has been recorded on magnetic tape sound or images but required to replace the clips and tapes replaced clips at the same time and not to add or delete can't change the length of the program For programs of this modification is very inconvenient because any a TV a TV program from samples to finalized often after a lot of editing In the programmed production an important problem is the counterpart of the mother with the wear and tear The essence of linear edit mode is the original material copied to another process on the tape Because the signal is mainly analog video in linear editing system when we were in the edit and take copy of signal in transmission vulnerable to external disturbance and editing process resulting in loss of signal On the basis of the previous edition each version can cause the decrease of the quality of the image editor or make a stunt there will be a loss of signal Heavily damaged video recorder tape is easy to damage Edit a few minutes of TV should choose to hundreds or even thousands of
cameras video search edit back and forth make the VCR mechanical wear serious VCR operation strength and shorten service life Other record tape shortcomings exposed constantly too such as tensile deformation distortion brittle magnetic and scratches will affect the quality of the tape System structure is complex operability is relatively lower Linear editing system connection is complex there are many different kinds of equipment and equipment performance is uneven different indicators when they connected together can cause large attenuation of the video signal In addition a lot of equipment used at the same time has left many operators operating process is complex and operability is relatively lower Because of this with the development of new technology a new concept of audio and video production and the corresponding hardware equipment nonlinear editing arises at the historic moment
4 Correct selection of film postproduction editing mode
Everything is relative linear editing and nonlinear editing each have characteristics each has advantages both in the film and television postproduction is be short of one cannot If you want to do the film and television postproduction must according to the requirements of the film and television program production choose the right means of editing First in the film and television commercials and documentaries project opening is given priority to with nonlinear editing is suitable for production Because in the film and television advertising films need a lot of use multilayer superposition of images motion transparent fast and slow motion picture subtitles special processing 3D such as processing color animation effect In the documentary project opening production in addition to the application of special effects but also the introduction of the extensive use of longer than 5 seconds Using the nonlinear editing system to deal with these effects will be easier Secondly in the newsreel is used in the production of traditional linear editing suit In order to increase the amount of information TV news generally requires each lens length less than 5 seconds and newsreel is rarely used special effects most of the content is like a lens directly Commonly used linear editing component connection in which editors’ newsreel can reduce the loss in the process of signal transmission in order to better ensure the quality of programs
Again straight at the scene live shows entertainment live classroom situation general is given priority to with using linear editing system equipment The record straight the nature of the live recording the response speed of the equipment is very timely especially live can't stop once I start can only be a success not appear a little mistake otherwise we are lost In such cases using traditional linear editing system is perfect But in live sports match because of the need to repeat some wonderful special two edit mode should be used at the same time in a linear editing is given priority to with nonlinear editing system in this way can both cooperate with each other very well meet the needs of some special
译文
影视期制作编辑研究
Bird D
摘
影视期制作文字声音画面等种视听手段结合起高度综合创作影视节目生产道工序制作水高低直接关系节目质量起发展历程特点注意方谈谈影视期制作影视制作发展程中影视期制作编辑前期制作等重想做影视期制作必须根影视节目制作求选合适编辑方式
关键词：影视期制作编辑
1 引言
莱坞创造幻想世界电视新闻关注现实生活铺天盖广告影响着生活影视节目制作专业员工作众说知十年数字技术全面进入影视制作程计算机逐步取代许原影视设备影视制作环节发挥重作影视制作直价格极端昂贵专业硬件软件非专业员难见设备更说熟练工具制作作品着 PC 性显著提高价格断降低影视制作前专业硬件设备逐渐 pc 台转移原先身份极高专业软件逐步移植台价格日益众化时影视制作应专业影视制作扩电脑游戏媒体网络家庭娱乐等更广阔领域许行业做作业员量影视爱者现利手中电脑制作影视节目数字非线性编辑仅综合传统电影电视编辑优点进行进步发展影视剪辑技术重进步 80 年代开始数字非线性编辑电影制作中逐步取代传统方式成电影剪辑标准方法着影视制作技术迅速发展期制作肩负起非常重职责：特技镜头制作特技镜头指通直接拍摄法镜头早期影视特技通模型制作特技摄影光学合成等等传统手段完成拍摄阶段洗印程中完成计算机特技制作提供更更手段许必须模型摄影手段完成特技通计算机制作完成更特技效果成期制作工作特效镜头制作—特效镜头指拍摄法直接镜头早期影视广告影视特效通模型制作特殊摄影光学合成等传统手段完成拍摄印阶段中完成计算机数字特效制作提供更更手段许必须模型摄影技术完成特效透计算机科技制作完成更特殊效果成期制作工作分析出 线性编辑非线性编辑特点 影视节目期编辑中两者缺 做影视节目期编辑 需根节目制作求 结合两种编辑方式特点 选合适编辑方式
2 影视期制作技术发展
20世纪90年代初期加美国等发达国家利计算机技术媒体技术影视制作相结合终取成功推出桌面编辑演播室天视音频非线性编辑工作站非线性编辑(Nonlinear Edit)传统设备计算机技术结合产物利计算机数字化记录存储数字化文件反复更新编辑视频节目片断立观时意修改种方法高效率完成原始编辑剪辑切换镜头特技转换等计算机完成数字视频编辑生成完整视频回放视频监视设备转移录带质讲种技术提供种方便快捷高效电视编辑方法天非线性编辑已成电影电视制作期编辑重手段样线性编辑种重编辑方式谓线性编辑实际通录机者二队台式编辑录机母带素材通电———电复制台录机完成第二版复制中间完成诸出入点设置
转场等模拟信号转模拟信号旦转换完成记录成磁迹法意修改旦需中间插入新素材改变某镜头长度整面容全重新制作非线性编辑相线性编辑言两者影视制作期编辑重手段非线性编辑没出现前线性编辑影视制作期编辑中起着绝重作现形成两者影视制作期编辑中交相辉映两者着特点优势线性编辑非线性编辑间着非常密切关系线性编辑说非线性编辑前身首先基观念艺术理念线性编辑非线性编辑模样正期制作核心次许专业概念专业术语两者相著名非线性编辑软件Speed Razor Pro户手册中全市色键亮键游键等线性编辑概念甚整手册线性编辑中高级特技机功写出两者间密切关系
3影视期制作编辑特点
十年发展线性编辑技术已非常成熟编放机编录机控制器直接录带素材进行操作操作界面直观简洁简单组合编辑插入编辑图声音分进行编辑配字幕机特技器时基校正器等充分满足节目制作需完成镜头组接技巧组接出入点设置字幕图形叠加音响效果音乐配加等期制作线性编辑系统磁带记录载体节目信号时间线性排列寻找素材时录机需进行卷带搜索维时间轴镜头序段段搜索跳跃进行素材选择费时间难进行节目修改电子编辑方式磁带线性记录基础般编辑序记录然插入编辑方式允许换已录磁带声音图求换片断磁带换片断时间致进行增删改变节目长度样节目修改非常方便部电视片电视节目样片定稿次编辑节目制作中重问题母带翻版磨损线性编辑方式实质原素材复制盘磁带程线性编辑系统中信号模拟视频进行编辑带复制时信号传输编辑程中容易受外部干扰造成信号损失前版基础编辑版会引起图质量降做次特技会次信号损失录机磨损严重磁带容易受损编辑部十分钟电视片选择百甚千镜头录机回搜索反复编辑录机机械磨损严重录机操作强度寿命减短外记录磁带缺点断暴露出例拉伸变形扭曲变脆掉磁划伤等会影响磁带质量系统构成复杂操作性相降低线性编辑系统连线复杂设备种类繁设备性参差齐指标异连接起时会视频信号造成较衰减外量设备时操作员众操作程复杂操作性相降低正着新技术发展种全新音视频制作观念相应硬件设备———非线性编辑应运生
4 正确选影视期制作编辑方式
事物相线性编辑非线性编辑特点优势影视期制作中两者缺想做影视期制作必须根影视节目制作求选合适编辑方式首先影视广告片纪录片专题片头制作中非线性编辑较适合影视广告片中需量层画面叠加运动透明画面快慢动作字幕特殊处理三维颜色动画特殊处理等效果纪录片专题片头制作中应特技效果外量长5秒引入镜头运非线性编辑系统处理效果会较容易点次新闻片制作中传统线性编辑较适合增加信息量电视新闻般会求镜头长度少5秒新闻片少特技效果部分容镜头直接组接线性编辑般采分量连接采种方式编辑新闻片减少信号传输程中损耗更保证节目质量次现场直录现场直播访谈节目娱乐节目直播课堂等场合般线性编辑系统设备现场直录现场直播性质求录制设备响应速度非常时尤现场直播旦开始停次成功中途出现丁点差错否前功弃样情况传统线性编辑系统合适现场直播体育赛中需重复某精彩特殊镜头应该时两种编辑方式线性编辑辅非线性编辑系统样两者相互配合满足某特殊需
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文献出处：Bird D The study of film postproduction and editing [J] Screen Education 20163（2）：7889
原文
The study of film postproduction and editing
Bird D
Abstract
Film and television postproduction sound of words images and other audiovisual means a combination of highly integrated creation is the last procedure of film and television program production the level of production is directly related to the quality of the program the following is the history of the development characteristics pay attention to the place to talk about the film and television postproduction In the process of development of film and television production film and television postproduction and editing and preproduction are equally important If you want to do the film and television postproduction must according to the requirements of the film and television program production choose the right means of editing
Key words Film and television Postproduction The editor
1 Introduction
From Hollywood to create the illusion of the world to the television news focus on the real life to a frenzy of advertising no do not affect our life In the past the film and television program production is the job of the professional personnel for the public is ignorant For decades digital technology in the process of film and television production comprehensive computer gradually replaced many of the original film and television equipment and each link has played a major role in film and television production The use of film and television production has been extremely expensive professional hardware and software nonprofessional personnel it is difficult to see the equipment not to mention skilled use of these tools to make your own work As PC performance significantly increase prices falling film and television production from the previous professional hardware equipment to gradually move on PC platform the original identity of professional software also gradually transplanted to the platform the price also is becoming more and more popular
At the same time the application of film and television production from professional film and television production to expand to the computer games multimedia network home entertainment such as wider fields Many homework personnel in the industry with a large number of movie lovers now a computer can use their own hands to make his TV programs Digital nonlinear editing not only combines the advantages of traditional film and television editor also on the further development is the significant progress video editing technology Starting in the 80 s digital nonlinear editing in film production gradually replaced the traditional way become a standard method of film editing With the rapid development of technology of film and television production postproduction and take on the responsibilities of the play a very important the production of special lens Special lens is refers to the lens which cannot be obtained by direct shot Early film and television special effects are mostly through the model production special photography and optical synthesis and so on traditional methods to complete mainly in the process of shooting stage and develop complete The use of computers for specialeffects provides more and better method also make a lot of the past must be used to model and photography means complete special effects can be completed by computer so more special effects become the postproduction work The production of special effects shots refers to the special effects shots taken not directly get shot Early film and television advertising film and television special effects are mostly through the model production special photography the traditional methods such as optical synthesis mainly in the stage of the film and print The use of computer digital provides more better means for the production of special effects also make a lot of the past must be used to model and the photography done special effects can be completed through the computer technology so the more special effects become the postproduction work Can be seen from the above analysis linear editing and nonlinear editing each have characteristics in the later stages of the film and television program editing in both is be short of one cannot in order to make the film and television late edit program need according to the requirements of the program production combined with the characteristics of two kinds of edit mode selects the appropriate edit mode
2 The development of film postproduction technology
In the early 1990 s developed countries such as Canada the United States the use of computer technology multimedia technology and the combination of film and television production achieve success launched a desktop editing studio is today's nonlinear editing audio workstation Nonlinear editing (Nonlinear Edit) is a product of traditional equipment with computer technology which USES digital computer records all the digital files stored continuously update and Edit video program Makes any fragments can watch immediately and any change at any time in this way can finish edit original as efficient as possible such as editing switching and lens special transformation and completed by computer digital video editing and generates a complete video playback to the video surveillance equipment or transfer to the video In essence this technique provides a convenient quick and efficient method of TV editing Today nonlinear editor has become the late film and television production of an important means Similarly linear editor is another important way Were in fact socalled linear editing by video recorder onetoone or second team a desktop editing video recorder mother will bring material by electric electric copy in another video on second edition copy among this completed such as access point Settings transitions are analog signals to analog signals because once the conversion is completed record became the track so can't modify once need to insert the new material or change a certain length of the lens the later will all be redone Nonlinear editing is relative to the case of linear editing They both are important means of film and television production late edit Before did not appear in nonlinear editing linear editor in the late film and television production plays an important role absolutely now formed both in the film and television production late edit hand in photograph reflect they both have their own characteristics and advantages Linear editing and has a very close relationship between nonlinear editing linear editing is nonlinear editing's predecessor first of all on the basic ideas and art concept linear editing and nonlinear editing is the same which is the core of postproduction
Second many professional concepts and terminology and both are the same Nonlinear editing software such as the famous Speed Razor Pro user manual in the city's key bright and downstream of the concept of linear editing and even the whole of this manual is according to the function of linear editing senior special machine to write
3 Characteristics of film postproduction and editing
After decades of development the linear editing technique has been very mature the use of weaving machine catalog the controller directly to video material for operation intuitive interface concise simple operation using the combination of edit insert edit images and sound can be edited respectively coupled with subtitles machine special machine time base corrector etc can fully meet the needs of production finish like a lens skill set in and out of the point set subtitles and graphic overlay sound effects and music with addition of postproduction Linear editing system based on magnetic tape record carrier linear array signal according to the time looking for material VCR to roll with the search can only on one dimensional time axis according to the order of the lens as a group search cannot jump the choice of the material is very time consuming Difficult to show the modified electronic edit mode is based on linear record tape normally only in editing order record although into edit mode allows replacement has been recorded on magnetic tape sound or images but required to replace the clips and tapes replaced clips at the same time and not to add or delete can't change the length of the program For programs of this modification is very inconvenient because any a TV a TV program from samples to finalized often after a lot of editing In the programmed production an important problem is the counterpart of the mother with the wear and tear The essence of linear edit mode is the original material copied to another process on the tape Because the signal is mainly analog video in linear editing system when we were in the edit and take copy of signal in transmission vulnerable to external disturbance and editing process resulting in loss of signal On the basis of the previous edition each version can cause the decrease of the quality of the image editor or make a stunt there will be a loss of signal Heavily damaged video recorder tape is easy to damage Edit a few minutes of TV should choose to hundreds or even thousands of
cameras video search edit back and forth make the VCR mechanical wear serious VCR operation strength and shorten service life Other record tape shortcomings exposed constantly too such as tensile deformation distortion brittle magnetic and scratches will affect the quality of the tape System structure is complex operability is relatively lower Linear editing system connection is complex there are many different kinds of equipment and equipment performance is uneven different indicators when they connected together can cause large attenuation of the video signal In addition a lot of equipment used at the same time has left many operators operating process is complex and operability is relatively lower Because of this with the development of new technology a new concept of audio and video production and the corresponding hardware equipment nonlinear editing arises at the historic moment
4 Correct selection of film postproduction editing mode
Everything is relative linear editing and nonlinear editing each have characteristics each has advantages both in the film and television postproduction is be short of one cannot If you want to do the film and television postproduction must according to the requirements of the film and television program production choose the right means of editing First in the film and television commercials and documentaries project opening is given priority to with nonlinear editing is suitable for production Because in the film and television advertising films need a lot of use multilayer superposition of images motion transparent fast and slow motion picture subtitles special processing 3D such as processing color animation effect In the documentary project opening production in addition to the application of special effects but also the introduction of the extensive use of longer than 5 seconds Using the nonlinear editing system to deal with these effects will be easier Secondly in the newsreel is used in the production of traditional linear editing suit In order to increase the amount of information TV news generally requires each lens length less than 5 seconds and newsreel is rarely used special effects most of the content is like a lens directly Commonly used linear editing component connection in which editors’ newsreel can reduce the loss in the process of signal transmission in order to better ensure the quality of programs
Again straight at the scene live shows entertainment live classroom situation general is given priority to with using linear editing system equipment The record straight the nature of the live recording the response speed of the equipment is very timely especially live can't stop once I start can only be a success not appear a little mistake otherwise we are lost In such cases using traditional linear editing system is perfect But in live sports match because of the need to repeat some wonderful special two edit mode should be used at the same time in a linear editing is given priority to with nonlinear editing system in this way can both cooperate with each other very well meet the needs of some special
译文
影视期制作编辑研究
Bird D
摘
影视期制作文字声音画面等种视听手段结合起高度综合创作影视节目生产道工序制作水高低直接关系节目质量起发展历程特点注意方谈谈影视期制作影视制作发展程中影视期制作编辑前期制作等重想做影视期制作必须根影视节目制作求选合适编辑方式
关键词：影视期制作编辑
1 引言
莱坞创造幻想世界电视新闻关注现实生活铺天盖广告影响着生活影视节目制作专业员工作众说知十年数字技术全面进入影视制作程计算机逐步取代许原影视设备影视制作环节发挥重作影视制作直价格极端昂贵专业硬件软件非专业员难见设备更说熟练工具制作作品着 PC 性显著提高价格断降低影视制作前专业硬件设备逐渐 pc 台转移原先身份极高专业软件逐步移植台价格日益众化时影视制作应专业影视制作扩电脑游戏媒体网络家庭娱乐等更广阔领域许行业做作业员量影视爱者现利手中电脑制作影视节目数字非线性编辑仅综合传统电影电视编辑优点进行进步发展影视剪辑技术重进步 80 年代开始数字非线性编辑电影制作中逐步取代传统方式成电影剪辑标准方法着影视制作技术迅速发展期制作肩负起非常重职责：特技镜头制作特技镜头指通直接拍摄法镜头早期影视特技通模型制作特技摄影光学合成等等传统手段完成拍摄阶段洗印程中完成计算机特技制作提供更更手段许必须模型摄影手段完成特技通计算机制作完成更特技效果成期制作工作特效镜头制作—特效镜头指拍摄法直接镜头早期影视广告影视特效通模型制作特殊摄影光学合成等传统手段完成拍摄印阶段中完成计算机数字特效制作提供更更手段许必须模型摄影技术完成特效透计算机科技制作完成更特殊效果成期制作工作分析出 线性编辑非线性编辑特点 影视节目期编辑中两者缺 做影视节目期编辑 需根节目制作求 结合两种编辑方式特点 选合适编辑方式
2 影视期制作技术发展
20世纪90年代初期加美国等发达国家利计算机技术媒体技术影视制作相结合终取成功推出桌面编辑演播室天视音频非线性编辑工作站非线性编辑(Nonlinear Edit)传统设备计算机技术结合产物利计算机数字化记录存储数字化文件反复更新编辑视频节目片断立观时意修改种方法高效率完成原始编辑剪辑切换镜头特技转换等计算机完成数字视频编辑生成完整视频回放视频监视设备转移录带质讲种技术提供种方便快捷高效电视编辑方法天非线性编辑已成电影电视制作期编辑重手段样线性编辑种重编辑方式谓线性编辑实际通录机者二队台式编辑录机母带素材通电———电复制台录机完成第二版复制中间完成诸出入点设置
转场等模拟信号转模拟信号旦转换完成记录成磁迹法意修改旦需中间插入新素材改变某镜头长度整面容全重新制作非线性编辑相线性编辑言两者影视制作期编辑重手段非线性编辑没出现前线性编辑影视制作期编辑中起着绝重作现形成两者影视制作期编辑中交相辉映两者着特点优势线性编辑非线性编辑间着非常密切关系线性编辑说非线性编辑前身首先基观念艺术理念线性编辑非线性编辑模样正期制作核心次许专业概念专业术语两者相著名非线性编辑软件Speed Razor Pro户手册中全市色键亮键游键等线性编辑概念甚整手册线性编辑中高级特技机功写出两者间密切关系
3影视期制作编辑特点
十年发展线性编辑技术已非常成熟编放机编录机控制器直接录带素材进行操作操作界面直观简洁简单组合编辑插入编辑图声音分进行编辑配字幕机特技器时基校正器等充分满足节目制作需完成镜头组接技巧组接出入点设置字幕图形叠加音响效果音乐配加等期制作线性编辑系统磁带记录载体节目信号时间线性排列寻找素材时录机需进行卷带搜索维时间轴镜头序段段搜索跳跃进行素材选择费时间难进行节目修改电子编辑方式磁带线性记录基础般编辑序记录然插入编辑方式允许换已录磁带声音图求换片断磁带换片断时间致进行增删改变节目长度样节目修改非常方便部电视片电视节目样片定稿次编辑节目制作中重问题母带翻版磨损线性编辑方式实质原素材复制盘磁带程线性编辑系统中信号模拟视频进行编辑带复制时信号传输编辑程中容易受外部干扰造成信号损失前版基础编辑版会引起图质量降做次特技会次信号损失录机磨损严重磁带容易受损编辑部十分钟电视片选择百甚千镜头录机回搜索反复编辑录机机械磨损严重录机操作强度寿命减短外记录磁带缺点断暴露出例拉伸变形扭曲变脆掉磁划伤等会影响磁带质量系统构成复杂操作性相降低线性编辑系统连线复杂设备种类繁设备性参差齐指标异连接起时会视频信号造成较衰减外量设备时操作员众操作程复杂操作性相降低正着新技术发展种全新音视频制作观念相应硬件设备———非线性编辑应运生
4 正确选影视期制作编辑方式
事物相线性编辑非线性编辑特点优势影视期制作中两者缺想做影视期制作必须根影视节目制作求选合适编辑方式首先影视广告片纪录片专题片头制作中非线性编辑较适合影视广告片中需量层画面叠加运动透明画面快慢动作字幕特殊处理三维颜色动画特殊处理等效果纪录片专题片头制作中应特技效果外量长5秒引入镜头运非线性编辑系统处理效果会较容易点次新闻片制作中传统线性编辑较适合增加信息量电视新闻般会求镜头长度少5秒新闻片少特技效果部分容镜头直接组接线性编辑般采分量连接采种方式编辑新闻片减少信号传输程中损耗更保证节目质量次现场直录现场直播访谈节目娱乐节目直播课堂等场合般线性编辑系统设备现场直录现场直播性质求录制设备响应速度非常时尤现场直播旦开始停次成功中途出现丁点差错否前功弃样情况传统线性编辑系统合适现场直播体育赛中需重复某精彩特殊镜头应该时两种编辑方式线性编辑辅非线性编辑系统样两者相互配合满足某特殊需
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