精编2019届高三英语模试卷附解析
（考试时间100分钟 满分120分)
试卷10页考生务必答案答答题卡试卷作答效
第部分：知识运（两节45分）
第节 语法填空（10题题15分 15分）
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写 1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
A
John Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday The accident happened while he ___1___ (walk) along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea He was blown off by a strong wind and ___2___ (fall) into the sea 30 meters below Luckily a woman saw him in the sea soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service Mr Carter was taken to hospital with a ___3___ (break) arm I’m very lucky to be alive he said I can’t thank the woman enough
答案1 was walking
2 fell 3 broken
解析
文篇记叙文卡特先生海边度假时候掉进海位女士时救卡特先生十分感谢方
1题详解
考查时态句意：着海边陡峭悬崖步行时候事发生句进行时表示某时间正进行事情中动作外动作发生背景填was walking
2题详解
考查时态句意：阵强风吹倒掉进30米深海里全文讲述发生事情时态句应该般时填fell
3题详解
考查形容词句意：带着断胳膊卡特先生送医院句中应该形容词充定语修饰名词动词break形容词broken句中填broken
B
Many elephants can paint In fact elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground ___4___ a stick Seeing this some trainers teach the elephants ___5___ they can hold paintbrushes and encourage them to choose colors and paint Of course not every painting is good Just like humans only some elephants are very creative Now an online gallery sells paintings by these elephant artists By doing this the gallery hopes to earn money ___6___ (protect) elephants
答案4 with
5 how 6 to protect
解析
文篇说明文介绍象会绘画事情画廊象作品挣钱保护象
4题详解
考查介词句意：实际时候动物园里象会树枝画画介词with意名词短语a stick做宾语句中填介词with
5题详解
考查宾语句连词句意：种情况训练师教象握住画笔鼓励选择颜色颜料句中连词how连接宾语句句中做状语表示方式句中填how
6题详解
考查定式句意：通种做法家画廊希挣钱保护象句中定式充目状语填to protect
C
Golden Gate Park is in San Francisco California It is one of the largest urban ___7___ (park) in the United States Over one million colorful flowers trees and other plants grow in the park But originally most of the park ___8___ (cover) in sand After a lot of work it was finally built in 1870 Today there are many people ___9___ (visit) the park every day They play basketball soccer golf and many other sports there The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk cycle or skate ___10___ (free)
答案7 parks
8 was covered
9 visiting
10 freely
解析
文篇说明文介绍美国城市公园Golden Gate Park关信息
7题详解
考查名词复数形式句意：美国城市公园固定短语one of面接数名词复数形式句中填parks
8题详解
考查时态语态句意：原公园部分区沙子覆盖句叙述发生事情般时语most of the park动词cover构成动关系动语态句填was covered
9题详解
考查现分词句意：现天参观公园动词短语visit the parkmany people构成动关系现分词短语充定语作相定语句填visiting
10题详解
考查副词句意：公园方车辆封闭公园里步行骑车滑冰英语里通常副词修饰动词形容词修饰名词句中副词修饰动词walk cycle skate填freely
第二节 完形填空（20题题15分30分）
阅读面短文掌握意题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
A Game of Light and Shade
It was a sunny day I had gone up and down the tower when outside the door at the foot a blind man came toward me In a moment he disappeared up the stairs I looked at the sign that said To the Tower and decided to ___11___ him
I caught up with him in the ticket office There I was ___12___ to see the attendant (工作员) selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor Then with the ticket in one hand and ___13___ the wall with the fingers of the other the blind man reached the stairs ___14___ to the hallway
That man is blind What would a blind man climb up the tower for I said to the attendant expecting him to show some ___15___ but he didn’t answer
Not the ___16___ certainly I said Perhaps he wants to ___17___
I bought a ticket and ___18___ up the stairs The man hadn’t gone as far as I ___19___ A third of the way up the tower I heard his ___20___ I slowed down and followed him at a little ___21___ He stopped from time to time When he got to the balcony (阳台) I was a dozen steps ___22___ As I reached it I saw him at the corner of the tower
At last after ten minutes I ___23___ him Excuse me I said as politely as I could but I am curious to know ___24___ you came up
He smiled Coming up the stairs you will notice how not just light but sun ___25___ into the tower through the narrow windows here and there so that you can feel the ___26___—the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm—and how up here behind the wall there is ___27___ but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun There is no ___28___ so good as this for feeling the difference between light and shade It is not the first time I’ve come up
The blind man seemed quite ___29___ just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life ___30___ they cannot enjoy the sights of the world
11 A accept B follow C control D visit
12 A frightened B disappointed C surprised D embarrassed
13 A touching B climbing C hitting D covering
14 A pointing B attaching C contributing D leading
15 A respect B doubt C concern D sympathy
16 A view B test C prize D trick
17 A kick B jump C relax D escape
18 A struggled B explored C wandered D hurried
19 A promised B examined C imagined D confirmed
20 A steps B words C secrets D cheers
21 A standard B distance C expense D intention
22 A ahead B around C outside D behind
23 A recognized B surrounded C approached D witnessed
24 A why B how C when D whether
25 A knocks B pours C slides D bursts
26 A trend B reaction C change D honor
27 A light B space C mess D shade
28 A place B signal C object D period
29 A nervous B content C curious D patient
30 A unless B because C once D although
答案11 B 12 C 13 A 14 D 15 C 16 A 17 B 18 D 19 C 20 A 21 B 22 D 23 C 24 A 25 B 26 C 27 D 28 A 29 B 30 D
解析
分析
文篇记叙文作者着位盲登塔盲告诉盲法享受世界风景找生活里美
11题详解
考查动词辨析A accept接受B followC control控制D visit参观句意：着登塔指示牌决定具体情况登塔做事情奇B项正确
12题详解
考查形容词辨析A frightened害怕B disappointed失C surprised惊讶D embarrassed尴尬见工作员做正常样卖票感觉惊讶C项正确
13题详解
考查动词辨析文串联A touching触摸B climbing攀登C hitting击中D covering覆盖第二句a blind man came toward me知方盲摸着墙攀登A项正确
14题详解
考查动词短语辨析动词短语point to指attach …to………附……contribute to……做贡献lead to导致通句中现分词短语leading to the hallway做定语修饰名词the stairs指通走廊楼梯余三项语义搭配D项正确
15题详解
考查名词辨析A respect尊敬B doubt怀疑C concern担心关心D sympathy情告诉工作员盲希工作员够关注法欣赏风景登塔会跳C项正确
16题详解
考查名词辨析A view风景观点B test测试C prize奖品奖励D trick诡计戏认盲会塔顶风景想跳楼工作员关注A项正确
17题详解
考查动词辨析A kick 踢B jump跳跃C relax放松D escape逃跑认盲会塔顶风景想跳楼B项正确
18题详解
考查动词辨析A struggled挣扎斗争B explored探索C wandered徘徊闲逛D hurried匆忙文知非常担心盲买票匆忙爬楼梯着查究竟想做什D项正确
19题详解
考查动词辨析A promised 承诺B examined检查C imagined想象D confirmed确认盲爬没想象远楼梯三分方听脚步声C项正确
20题详解
考查名词辨析A steps脚步B words话C secrets秘密D cheers欢呼盲爬没想象远楼梯三分方听脚步声放慢脚步面稍远处着A项正确
21题详解
考查名词辨析A standard标准B distance距离C expense费D intention目意图楼梯三分方听脚步声放慢脚步面稍远处着名词distance表示距离B项正确
22题详解
考查副词辨析A ahead前面B around附C outside外面D behind面阳台时候面十步方着句指站面观察行D项正确
23题详解
考查动词辨析文串联A recognized认出意识B surrounded包围C approachedD witnessed目睹见证根文Excuse me知招呼C项正确
24题详解
考查文串联作者路着位盲登塔知道方里原句中why引导宾语句A项正确
25题详解
考查动词辨析A knocks敲击击中B pours倾倒C slides滑倒D bursts爆发爬楼梯注意仅光线阳光会透窗户射处样感受种变化楼梯凉爽突然变温暖动词pour表示阳光透窗户洒楼梯B项正确
26题详解
考查名词辨析文串联A trend趋势倾B reaction反应C change改变D honor荣耀句the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm楼梯突然凉爽变温暖知指种变化C项正确
27题详解
考查生活常识名词辨析A light光线B space空间C mess杂乱D shade阴影根生活常识知behind the wall墙体面通常阴影D项正确
28题详解
考查名词辨析A place方B signal信号C object物体D period阶段时期句意：没什方里样感觉光线阴影间差第次里位盲告诉作者里感受光线阴影差会方A项正确
29题详解
考查形容词辨析文串联A nervous紧张B content满足满意C curious奇D patient耐心根半句just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games欣赏喜欢孩子样说明盲非常满意世界予切B项正确
30题详解
考查连词辨析A unless非B becauseC once旦D although告诉盲法享受世界风景找生活里美根句意知文间转折关系although引导步状语句D项正确
点睛文题20考查文状语句连词根句意知文间转折关系although引导步状语句完成完形填空时探究前逻辑确定连接词汇 连接词构成语篇纽带相关语句信息结合点命题常关节设置题目考查学生语力考生解题时仔细分析推理前逻辑关系确定佳选项
例1： She had excellent grades __24__she always thought that something was missing
（天津卷）
24 A or B so C for D but
析： 根空前excellent grades空alwayssomething was missing推知成绩突出生活满足选择转折连词but答案D
例2： Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving__40__are you going to sit in your car all day （全国卷II）
40 A For B Or C But D So
析： 根空前leaving空sit in your car all day说明方询问做出选择推知答案表示选择关系连词or
第二部分：阅读理解（两节40分）
第节（15题题2分30分）
阅读列短文题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
A
Get Involved Make a Donation
So what is rewilding
Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking Imagine species (物种) diversifying instead of declining That’s rewilding Rewilding is ecological restoration Rewilding offers hope for wildlife humans and the planet
Why is rewilding important and necessary
● Our natural ecology is broken The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have been reduced to wet deserts The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures any more
● Our wildlife is disappearing Many wonderful species have declined over the past century We’ve lost more of our large animals than any European country
● We need keystone species These vital species including top predators (食肉动物) drive ecological processes Their loss has worsened our living systems
● Nature looks after us Good natural ecology can provide us with clean air and water prevent flooding and store carbon Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today
What are challenges
As a longterm project our rewilding britain has its challenges Many people are not interested because we have got used to the lack of native forests Many farmers oppose the idea They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators because they would start killing farm animals It takes time to educate them Above all we need money So we need your help
Make a donation
Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature
With your help we can
● Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change
● Develop tools to educate influence and spread the word
Thanks for your support
31 Which of the following is the result of rewilding
A Species become various B A lot of animals disappear
C Environments are destroyed D Natural disasters happen regularly
32 According to the passage one of the challenges at present is ______
A people’s doubts B a lack of volunteers
C a shortage of time D farmers’ disagreement
33 What is the main purpose of the passage
A To introduce a new project
B To call on people to give money
C To warn people of the natural ecology
D To convince people to change their mind
答案31 A 32 D 33 B
解析
文篇应文介绍名rewilding britain野生化项目具体情况号召项目捐款
31题详解
推理判断题根第段前三句Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking Imagine species (物种) diversifying instead of declining That’s rewilding知物种进行野生化时候然家园会扩萎缩然物种会变更加样减少说物种会变样化A项正确
32题详解
细节理解题根第六段前三句As a longterm project our rewilding britain has its challenges Many people are not interested because we have got used to the lack of native forests Many farmers oppose the idea
知长期项目会挑战农民会反项目D项正确
33题详解
旨意题根文章部分Make a donation Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature知文号召rewilding britain项目捐款B项正确
B
Flying High
Barrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational nonprofitmaking organization His message for kids The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve The secret he believes is having a dream in the first place and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers
The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parents’ bookstore One customer a professional pilot asked Irving if he’d thought about becoming a pilot I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough but the next day he took me to the cockpit (驾驶舱) of the commercial airplane he flew and just like that I was hooked
To follow his dream Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a 40 flight simulator (模拟) video game Then another dream took hold flying alone around the world He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components He took off with no weather radar no deicing system and just 30 in his pocket
I like to do things people say I can’t do
After 97 days 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience Irving has been doing it ever since He set up his nonprofitmaking organization Experience Aviation (航空) aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and sciencerelated careers Kids attend programmes dealing with handson robotics projects and flight simulator challenges
We want to create chances for students to accomplish something amazing he notes Perhaps Irving’s most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides After landing his recordbreaking flight at age 23 he said Everyone told me I was too young that I didn’t have enough experience strength or knowledge They told me it would take forever and I’d never come home Well guess what
34 According to Irving what is the most important in achieving success
A Meeting people who provide unexpected help
B Getting a chance to study technical knowledge
C Having something specific that you want to accomplish
D Developing communication with different organizations
35 What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that ______
A he felt embarrassed to refuse the offer
B he was doubtful about his own abilities
C he knew his efforts would be rewarded
D he realized immediately how lucky he was
36 What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3
A He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible
B He was finally given enough money to keep going
C He got the most useful flying tips from his video game
D He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly
37 Irving set up his nonprofitmaking organization because ______
A he hoped to become a public figure
B he expected to start a business in other fields
C he saw there was great interest in what he was doing
D he thought he could teach more than flight schools could
答案34 C 35 B 36 D 37 C
解析
文篇记叙文讲述Barrington Irving学飞行独飞越全球成立公益组织传播飞行知识验事
34题详解
推理判断题根文章第段句The secret he believes is having a dream in the first place and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers知Irving认重首先梦想首先迫切想完成具体事情C项正确
35题详解
推理判断题根第二段第三句I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough知Irving告诉方够聪明说明怀疑力B项正确
36题详解
细节理解题根第三段第三句Then another dream took hold flying alone around the world知学会飞行外梦想：独飞越全球D项正确
37题详解
推理判断题根第四段二三句It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience Irving has been doing it ever since He set up his nonprofitmaking organization Experience Aviation (航空) aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and sciencerelated careers知促建立公益组织年轻期完成目标知识验教更年轻样做处C项正确
C
Training the Brain
People who can accomplish unbelievable tasks such as memorizing thousands of random numbers in under an hour state that they just have normal brains Some memory superstars compete in Olympiclike World Memory Championships These mental athletes or MAs for short can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them Ed Cooke a 24yearold MA explains they see themselves as participants rescuing the longlost art of memory training These techniques existed not to recall useless information but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas
A study in the journal Nature examined eight people who finished near the top of the World Memory Championships The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone else’s or whether they were simply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs The result surprised everyone The brains of the MAs and those of the control subjects were indistinguishable On every test the MAs scored in the normal range However when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory
MAs offer an explanation anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled Dating back to the fifth century the building is called a memory palace Even as late as the fourteenth century when there were copies of any text scholars needed to remember what was read to them Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading If something is made memorable it has to be repeated Until relatively recently people read only a few books intensively (细致) again and again usually aloud Today we read extensively usually only once and without continuous focus
So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly Using memory palaces MAs create memorized pictures For example recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town One competitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a 57000word dictionary
Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories In a short amount of time they will notice improvement with remembering things To keep the skill sharp MAs deliberately empty their palaces after competitions so they can reuse them and they recommend that beginners do the same
38 We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete ______
A owns a brain that is larger in size
B shows a gift in mental ability tests
C uses the memorizing technique better
D depends less on the areas that control spatial memory
39 Why does the author mention speed reading in Paragraph 3
A To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century
B To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully
C To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember
D To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times
40 What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A There is a variety of unforgettable scenes
B Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten
C Impressive pictures are in actual buildings
D One person probably has 57000 body parts
41 What does the underlined word cubbyholes in the last paragraph probably mean
A Small spaces B Blacks holes
C Technical skills D Different numbers
答案38 C 39 D 40 A 41 A
解析
文篇说明文记忆达普通头脑存着差？文章进行研究发现记忆达记忆时候会空间记忆等记忆构建方法
38题详解
推理判断题根第二段句However when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory知时记忆达正常样参加记忆赛时候会脑中空间记忆相关部分说明更运记忆技巧C项正确
39题详解
推理判断题根第三段三句Even as late as the fourteenth century when there were copies of any text scholars needed to remember what was read to them……If something is made memorable it has to be repeated Until relatively recently people read only a few books intensively (细致) again and again usually aloud Today we read extensively usually only once and without continuous focus知作者speed reading指现代阅读类型前变化前通常反复阅读书现通常读次D项正确
40题详解
推理判断题根第四段第三句For example recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town知张图片相结合形成令难忘场景果想记住更事情脑海里形成更样场景说会种样场景A项正确
41题详解
猜测词义题横线前面句Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination告诉首先脑海里创造出幻想出宫殿然宫殿分隔成记忆空间存储记忆容句中cubbyholes指分隔出空间A项正确
D
Early or Later Day Care
Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care and there have always been different views on this subject
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive attachment period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes and many people do believe this
According to Bowlby a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents If they are left without touch for a while they will have a higher stress level Parents’ influence on their children
’s wellbeing may never be greater than during the earliest years of life when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment
However there are critics Some anthropologists (类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone Plato around 394 BC argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that childraising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people
Besides studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development They learn the benefits of being socially smart understanding the concept of sharing and caring They promote concentration skills which is very important in their learning There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples
Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics Whatever the longterm effects parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery The matter then is far from being clearly known though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children
42 The passage mainly argues whether ______
A children over three will accept school education
B children under three should be sent to nursery schools
C the family relationship is different in traditional societies
D early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies
43 Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory
A Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects
B Separation from parents for young children is common in history
C Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with
D Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development
44 The author’s attitude towards early day care is that ______
A children under three should stay with their parents
B it has potential benefits for both children and parents
C the bad effect of it on children will disappear as they grow up
D it is controversial and the settlement calls for the use of statistics
45 Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage
I Introduction P Point Sp Subpoint (次点) C Conclusion
A B
C D
答案42 B 43 C 44 D 45 B
解析
分析
文篇议文讨三岁前童否应该送日间护理托文章分介绍支持反两种观点详细说明具体理
42题详解
旨意题根文章第段Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care and there have always been different views on this subject知文篇议文讨三岁童否应该送日间护理托文章分介绍支持反两种观点B项正确
43题详解
推理判断题根第二段第句The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive
attachment period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life知John Bowlby认三岁前孩子父母分开会孩子性带影响孩子生活带精神方面问题性格精神方面问题难处理C项正确
44题详解
推理判断题根段前两句Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects知作者认三岁前送孩子托影响存争议难说种做法正确错误根第三句The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics知根具体数分析问题D项正确
45题详解
篇章结构题文篇议文第段提出文章讨话题Introduction第二三段解释英国精神分析专家John Bowlby反三岁前送孩子托理point1第四五段支持送孩子托理point2四五段两次点sp1sp2文章段总结终结B项文章结构相吻合B项正确
点睛文题4考查篇章结构题类题型学生整体框架力求较高通常涉篇章架构会涉写作手法通常说作者会根文章容写作目采取记叙描写议说明应文体作者会采叙述例证较等组织结构文体阅读难度求务阅读方法应增强篇章结构理解力助提高阅读质量
例题：（2008年全国高考—浙江卷C篇）
In the course of working my way through school I took many jobs I would rather forget But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant The work was hard the pay was poor and most of all the working conditions were terrible
First of all the job made huge demands on my strength…
…
I stayed on the job for five months all the while hating the difficulty of the work the poor money and the conditions under which I worked By the time I left I was determined never to go back there again
52 How is the text organized
A Topic—Argument—Explanation
B Opinion—DiscussionDescription
C Main idea—Comparison—Supporting examples
D Introduction—Supporting examples—Conclusion
答案解析：选D题考查语篇结构理解文记叙文般结构文叙述作者学时苹果加工厂工历作者第段提出苹果加工厂工作辛苦工资低工作条件差（The work was hard the pay was poor and most of all the working conditions were terrible）中间三段举例描述段出
愿意做结（By the time I left I was determined never to go back there again）
第二节（5题题2分10分）
根短文容短文七选项中选出填入空白处佳选项选项中两项余选项
Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating
Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate Then let it melt in your mind not in your mouth According to the recent research imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food so you eat less of it
This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation _____46_____
The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite said Carey Morewedge a wellknown psychologist It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing _____47_____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn
’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese he added
Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment 51 subjects were divided into three groups One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates _____48_____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates Lastly a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates _____49_____ When they said they had finished these were taken away and weighed The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups
_____50_____ Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal The research suggests that psychological effects such as habituation also influence how much a person eats It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily or have control over other habits
A What’s more this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined
B People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment
C For example a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite according to the study
D All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each
E It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food
F This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet the study says
G This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need
答案46 C 47 A
48 F 49 D
50 G
解析
文篇说明文文章介绍心理素饮食数量影响例 habituation
46题详解
根横线前面句This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation知次接触某食物时候兴趣会减少已熟悉句理举例说明C项For example a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite according to the study前面句相吻合选择C项
47题详解
根横线面句Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese知观察吃巧克力样子会阻止吃奶酪说想象吃某种具体食物样会减少种食物渴A项What’s more this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined恰吻合选择A项
48题详解
根段前面两句Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment 51 subjects were divided into three groups知研究员问题进行分组研究第组研究象求想象30硬币扔进洗衣机然想象吃3巧克力口袋里出巧克力吃类似运动神技巧研究员会样开展研究F项This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet the study says文语境致F项正确
49题详解
根段句The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups知吃完进行称重结果发现想象次吃30巧克力实际吃少说实验结束会吃巧克力D项All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each符合文语境选择D项
50题详解
根段第三句The research suggests that psychological effects such as habituation also influence how much a person eats知次研究说明心理方面素会影响吃东西量见研究关饮食数量话题G项This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need符合中心思想选择G项
第三部分：书面表达（两节35分）
第节（15分）
51假设红星中学高三学生李华班交换生Jim参加学中国留学生汉语演讲赛信咨询请写封邮件容包括：
1 推荐演讲话题
2 说明推荐理
3 建议做准备工作
注意：1 词数少502 邮件开头结尾已出计入总词数
Dear Jim
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
答案Dear Jim
I’m glad to know that you’ll take part in the Studying in China speech contest I’d like to give you some suggestions
I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history Besides since you’ve taken the courses systematically you’re sure to have a deep understanding of them
To do it well I think you should choose impressive examples to gain the recognition of the judges Moreover you have to practice your spoken Chinese to express yourself more clearly and fluently Speaking skills are also needed for they can help maximize the effectiveness of your speech
I really hope my advice will be helpful Wish you a great success
Yours
Li Hua
解析
分析
文篇开放类书面表达求考生成李华交换生Jim参加学中国留学生汉语演讲赛信咨询请写封邮件推荐演讲话题说明推荐理建议方做具体准备文出纲需考生行组织点容总体难度较
详解第1步：审题根文字提示知文封电子邮件求考生交换生Jim写封邮件推荐学中国演讲赛话题说明推荐理建议方做具体准备全文般现时
第2步：组织点（1）推荐演讲话题：中国传统文化（2）推荐理：传统文化类历史瑰宝学传统文化助理解中国历史（3）准备工作：选择合适传统文化例子练汉语口语演讲技巧
第3步：根提示关键词组进行遣词造句关键词give some suggestionsrecommendChinese traditional culturethe real treasure in human historyhave a deep understanding ofchoose impressive examplespractice your spoken Chinese等写作时注意电子邮件格式惯语
第4步：连句成文注意恰连词进行句子间衔接渡书写定规范清晰保持整洁美观卷面非常重
点睛篇范文结构完美条理清晰范文时态称运准确涵盖文字提示求点适发挥考生运样式句型结构整篇文章富变化死板较高级词汇短语结构recommendsystematicallyrecognitionmaximize the effectiveness等量运丰富句式定语句虚拟语气I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended表语句The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history时文章运串联成分besides串联词点更紧密结合起写作技巧运提升文章层次显示考生具强驾驭语言力
第二节 （20分）
52假设红星中学高三学生李华请根四幅图先序介绍月参加学校组织绿色出行做起活动完整程Green Travel in My Family题校刊英语角写篇英文稿件词数少60
Green Travel in My Family
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案Green Travel in My Family
Last month our school organized an activity named Green Travel Start with Me which has played an educative role
Seeing the proposal on the bulletin board my classmates and I were deeply interested and had a heated discussion Everyone expressed their willingness to participate After getting home I talked to my parents about my ideas They were very supportive saying they wouldn’t drive to work from the next day In the following weeks as we promised I went to school by bike every day while my parents went to work by bus Tired as we were we all felt happy Last Friday a class meeting was held as scheduled Some parents were invited including my father and mother We shared our experiences and thoughts during the activity All of us held the same view that environmental protection is so important for our life
Through the activity we find it our duty to protect the environment I hope more and more people will join us in green travel
解析
分析
文篇图作文求考生成李华介绍月参加学校组织绿色出行做起活动完整程Green Travel in My Family题校刊英语角写篇英文稿件文出四幅图需考生根图画容组织点合理表达总体难度较
详解第1步：审题根文字提示知文篇图作文求考生Green Travel in My Family题校刊英语角写篇英文稿件介绍月参加学校组织绿色出行做起活动完整程全文般时第称
第2步：组织点（1）倡议书学感兴趣进行热烈讨（2）回家父母谈想法支持（3）骑行车学父母亲坐公交通工具班（4）召开班会邀请父母亲参加
第3步：根提示关键词组进行遣词造句关键词have a heated discussiontalked to my parentsgo to school by bikego to work by bushold a class meeting等写作时需注意时态称变化
第4步：连句成文注意恰连词进行句子间衔接渡书写定规范清晰保持整洁美观卷面非常重
点睛篇范文结构完美条理清晰范文时态称运准确涵盖图画点适发挥考生运样式句型结构整篇文章富变化死板较高级词汇短语结构played an educative roleparticipatescheduleenvironmental protection等量运丰富句式定语句which has played an educative role分词做状语Seeing the proposal on the bulletin board my classmates and I were deeply interested and had a heated discussion形式倒装句Tired as we were we all felt happy时文章运串联成分串联词点更紧密结合起写作技巧运提升文章层次显示考生具强驾驭语言力
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（考试时间100分钟 满分120分)
试卷10页考生务必答案答答题卡试卷作答效
第部分：知识运（两节45分）
第节 语法填空（10题题15分 15分）
阅读列短文根短文容填空未提示词空白处仅填写 1适单词出提示词空白处括号词正确形式填空
A
John Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday The accident happened while he ___1___ (walk) along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea He was blown off by a strong wind and ___2___ (fall) into the sea 30 meters below Luckily a woman saw him in the sea soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service Mr Carter was taken to hospital with a ___3___ (break) arm I’m very lucky to be alive he said I can’t thank the woman enough
答案1 was walking
2 fell 3 broken
解析
文篇记叙文卡特先生海边度假时候掉进海位女士时救卡特先生十分感谢方
1题详解
考查时态句意：着海边陡峭悬崖步行时候事发生句进行时表示某时间正进行事情中动作外动作发生背景填was walking
2题详解
考查时态句意：阵强风吹倒掉进30米深海里全文讲述发生事情时态句应该般时填fell
3题详解
考查形容词句意：带着断胳膊卡特先生送医院句中应该形容词充定语修饰名词动词break形容词broken句中填broken
B
Many elephants can paint In fact elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground ___4___ a stick Seeing this some trainers teach the elephants ___5___ they can hold paintbrushes and encourage them to choose colors and paint Of course not every painting is good Just like humans only some elephants are very creative Now an online gallery sells paintings by these elephant artists By doing this the gallery hopes to earn money ___6___ (protect) elephants
答案4 with
5 how 6 to protect
解析
文篇说明文介绍象会绘画事情画廊象作品挣钱保护象
4题详解
考查介词句意：实际时候动物园里象会树枝画画介词with意名词短语a stick做宾语句中填介词with
5题详解
考查宾语句连词句意：种情况训练师教象握住画笔鼓励选择颜色颜料句中连词how连接宾语句句中做状语表示方式句中填how
6题详解
考查定式句意：通种做法家画廊希挣钱保护象句中定式充目状语填to protect
C
Golden Gate Park is in San Francisco California It is one of the largest urban ___7___ (park) in the United States Over one million colorful flowers trees and other plants grow in the park But originally most of the park ___8___ (cover) in sand After a lot of work it was finally built in 1870 Today there are many people ___9___ (visit) the park every day They play basketball soccer golf and many other sports there The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk cycle or skate ___10___ (free)
答案7 parks
8 was covered
9 visiting
10 freely
解析
文篇说明文介绍美国城市公园Golden Gate Park关信息
7题详解
考查名词复数形式句意：美国城市公园固定短语one of面接数名词复数形式句中填parks
8题详解
考查时态语态句意：原公园部分区沙子覆盖句叙述发生事情般时语most of the park动词cover构成动关系动语态句填was covered
9题详解
考查现分词句意：现天参观公园动词短语visit the parkmany people构成动关系现分词短语充定语作相定语句填visiting
10题详解
考查副词句意：公园方车辆封闭公园里步行骑车滑冰英语里通常副词修饰动词形容词修饰名词句中副词修饰动词walk cycle skate填freely
第二节 完形填空（20题题15分30分）
阅读面短文掌握意题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
A Game of Light and Shade
It was a sunny day I had gone up and down the tower when outside the door at the foot a blind man came toward me In a moment he disappeared up the stairs I looked at the sign that said To the Tower and decided to ___11___ him
I caught up with him in the ticket office There I was ___12___ to see the attendant (工作员) selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor Then with the ticket in one hand and ___13___ the wall with the fingers of the other the blind man reached the stairs ___14___ to the hallway
That man is blind What would a blind man climb up the tower for I said to the attendant expecting him to show some ___15___ but he didn’t answer
Not the ___16___ certainly I said Perhaps he wants to ___17___
I bought a ticket and ___18___ up the stairs The man hadn’t gone as far as I ___19___ A third of the way up the tower I heard his ___20___ I slowed down and followed him at a little ___21___ He stopped from time to time When he got to the balcony (阳台) I was a dozen steps ___22___ As I reached it I saw him at the corner of the tower
At last after ten minutes I ___23___ him Excuse me I said as politely as I could but I am curious to know ___24___ you came up
He smiled Coming up the stairs you will notice how not just light but sun ___25___ into the tower through the narrow windows here and there so that you can feel the ___26___—the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm—and how up here behind the wall there is ___27___ but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun There is no ___28___ so good as this for feeling the difference between light and shade It is not the first time I’ve come up
The blind man seemed quite ___29___ just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life ___30___ they cannot enjoy the sights of the world
11 A accept B follow C control D visit
12 A frightened B disappointed C surprised D embarrassed
13 A touching B climbing C hitting D covering
14 A pointing B attaching C contributing D leading
15 A respect B doubt C concern D sympathy
16 A view B test C prize D trick
17 A kick B jump C relax D escape
18 A struggled B explored C wandered D hurried
19 A promised B examined C imagined D confirmed
20 A steps B words C secrets D cheers
21 A standard B distance C expense D intention
22 A ahead B around C outside D behind
23 A recognized B surrounded C approached D witnessed
24 A why B how C when D whether
25 A knocks B pours C slides D bursts
26 A trend B reaction C change D honor
27 A light B space C mess D shade
28 A place B signal C object D period
29 A nervous B content C curious D patient
30 A unless B because C once D although
答案11 B 12 C 13 A 14 D 15 C 16 A 17 B 18 D 19 C 20 A 21 B 22 D 23 C 24 A 25 B 26 C 27 D 28 A 29 B 30 D
解析
分析
文篇记叙文作者着位盲登塔盲告诉盲法享受世界风景找生活里美
11题详解
考查动词辨析A accept接受B followC control控制D visit参观句意：着登塔指示牌决定具体情况登塔做事情奇B项正确
12题详解
考查形容词辨析A frightened害怕B disappointed失C surprised惊讶D embarrassed尴尬见工作员做正常样卖票感觉惊讶C项正确
13题详解
考查动词辨析文串联A touching触摸B climbing攀登C hitting击中D covering覆盖第二句a blind man came toward me知方盲摸着墙攀登A项正确
14题详解
考查动词短语辨析动词短语point to指attach …to………附……contribute to……做贡献lead to导致通句中现分词短语leading to the hallway做定语修饰名词the stairs指通走廊楼梯余三项语义搭配D项正确
15题详解
考查名词辨析A respect尊敬B doubt怀疑C concern担心关心D sympathy情告诉工作员盲希工作员够关注法欣赏风景登塔会跳C项正确
16题详解
考查名词辨析A view风景观点B test测试C prize奖品奖励D trick诡计戏认盲会塔顶风景想跳楼工作员关注A项正确
17题详解
考查动词辨析A kick 踢B jump跳跃C relax放松D escape逃跑认盲会塔顶风景想跳楼B项正确
18题详解
考查动词辨析A struggled挣扎斗争B explored探索C wandered徘徊闲逛D hurried匆忙文知非常担心盲买票匆忙爬楼梯着查究竟想做什D项正确
19题详解
考查动词辨析A promised 承诺B examined检查C imagined想象D confirmed确认盲爬没想象远楼梯三分方听脚步声C项正确
20题详解
考查名词辨析A steps脚步B words话C secrets秘密D cheers欢呼盲爬没想象远楼梯三分方听脚步声放慢脚步面稍远处着A项正确
21题详解
考查名词辨析A standard标准B distance距离C expense费D intention目意图楼梯三分方听脚步声放慢脚步面稍远处着名词distance表示距离B项正确
22题详解
考查副词辨析A ahead前面B around附C outside外面D behind面阳台时候面十步方着句指站面观察行D项正确
23题详解
考查动词辨析文串联A recognized认出意识B surrounded包围C approachedD witnessed目睹见证根文Excuse me知招呼C项正确
24题详解
考查文串联作者路着位盲登塔知道方里原句中why引导宾语句A项正确
25题详解
考查动词辨析A knocks敲击击中B pours倾倒C slides滑倒D bursts爆发爬楼梯注意仅光线阳光会透窗户射处样感受种变化楼梯凉爽突然变温暖动词pour表示阳光透窗户洒楼梯B项正确
26题详解
考查名词辨析文串联A trend趋势倾B reaction反应C change改变D honor荣耀句the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm楼梯突然凉爽变温暖知指种变化C项正确
27题详解
考查生活常识名词辨析A light光线B space空间C mess杂乱D shade阴影根生活常识知behind the wall墙体面通常阴影D项正确
28题详解
考查名词辨析A place方B signal信号C object物体D period阶段时期句意：没什方里样感觉光线阴影间差第次里位盲告诉作者里感受光线阴影差会方A项正确
29题详解
考查形容词辨析文串联A nervous紧张B content满足满意C curious奇D patient耐心根半句just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games欣赏喜欢孩子样说明盲非常满意世界予切B项正确
30题详解
考查连词辨析A unless非B becauseC once旦D although告诉盲法享受世界风景找生活里美根句意知文间转折关系although引导步状语句D项正确
点睛文题20考查文状语句连词根句意知文间转折关系although引导步状语句完成完形填空时探究前逻辑确定连接词汇 连接词构成语篇纽带相关语句信息结合点命题常关节设置题目考查学生语力考生解题时仔细分析推理前逻辑关系确定佳选项
例1： She had excellent grades __24__she always thought that something was missing
（天津卷）
24 A or B so C for D but
析： 根空前excellent grades空alwayssomething was missing推知成绩突出生活满足选择转折连词but答案D
例2： Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving__40__are you going to sit in your car all day （全国卷II）
40 A For B Or C But D So
析： 根空前leaving空sit in your car all day说明方询问做出选择推知答案表示选择关系连词or
第二部分：阅读理解（两节40分）
第节（15题题2分30分）
阅读列短文题ABCD四选项中选出佳选项答题卡该项涂黑
A
Get Involved Make a Donation
So what is rewilding
Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking Imagine species (物种) diversifying instead of declining That’s rewilding Rewilding is ecological restoration Rewilding offers hope for wildlife humans and the planet
Why is rewilding important and necessary
● Our natural ecology is broken The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have been reduced to wet deserts The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures any more
● Our wildlife is disappearing Many wonderful species have declined over the past century We’ve lost more of our large animals than any European country
● We need keystone species These vital species including top predators (食肉动物) drive ecological processes Their loss has worsened our living systems
● Nature looks after us Good natural ecology can provide us with clean air and water prevent flooding and store carbon Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today
What are challenges
As a longterm project our rewilding britain has its challenges Many people are not interested because we have got used to the lack of native forests Many farmers oppose the idea They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators because they would start killing farm animals It takes time to educate them Above all we need money So we need your help
Make a donation
Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature
With your help we can
● Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change
● Develop tools to educate influence and spread the word
Thanks for your support
31 Which of the following is the result of rewilding
A Species become various B A lot of animals disappear
C Environments are destroyed D Natural disasters happen regularly
32 According to the passage one of the challenges at present is ______
A people’s doubts B a lack of volunteers
C a shortage of time D farmers’ disagreement
33 What is the main purpose of the passage
A To introduce a new project
B To call on people to give money
C To warn people of the natural ecology
D To convince people to change their mind
答案31 A 32 D 33 B
解析
文篇应文介绍名rewilding britain野生化项目具体情况号召项目捐款
31题详解
推理判断题根第段前三句Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking Imagine species (物种) diversifying instead of declining That’s rewilding知物种进行野生化时候然家园会扩萎缩然物种会变更加样减少说物种会变样化A项正确
32题详解
细节理解题根第六段前三句As a longterm project our rewilding britain has its challenges Many people are not interested because we have got used to the lack of native forests Many farmers oppose the idea
知长期项目会挑战农民会反项目D项正确
33题详解
旨意题根文章部分Make a donation Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature知文号召rewilding britain项目捐款B项正确
B
Flying High
Barrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational nonprofitmaking organization His message for kids The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve The secret he believes is having a dream in the first place and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers
The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parents’ bookstore One customer a professional pilot asked Irving if he’d thought about becoming a pilot I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough but the next day he took me to the cockpit (驾驶舱) of the commercial airplane he flew and just like that I was hooked
To follow his dream Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a 40 flight simulator (模拟) video game Then another dream took hold flying alone around the world He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components He took off with no weather radar no deicing system and just 30 in his pocket
I like to do things people say I can’t do
After 97 days 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience Irving has been doing it ever since He set up his nonprofitmaking organization Experience Aviation (航空) aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and sciencerelated careers Kids attend programmes dealing with handson robotics projects and flight simulator challenges
We want to create chances for students to accomplish something amazing he notes Perhaps Irving’s most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides After landing his recordbreaking flight at age 23 he said Everyone told me I was too young that I didn’t have enough experience strength or knowledge They told me it would take forever and I’d never come home Well guess what
34 According to Irving what is the most important in achieving success
A Meeting people who provide unexpected help
B Getting a chance to study technical knowledge
C Having something specific that you want to accomplish
D Developing communication with different organizations
35 What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that ______
A he felt embarrassed to refuse the offer
B he was doubtful about his own abilities
C he knew his efforts would be rewarded
D he realized immediately how lucky he was
36 What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3
A He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible
B He was finally given enough money to keep going
C He got the most useful flying tips from his video game
D He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly
37 Irving set up his nonprofitmaking organization because ______
A he hoped to become a public figure
B he expected to start a business in other fields
C he saw there was great interest in what he was doing
D he thought he could teach more than flight schools could
答案34 C 35 B 36 D 37 C
解析
文篇记叙文讲述Barrington Irving学飞行独飞越全球成立公益组织传播飞行知识验事
34题详解
推理判断题根文章第段句The secret he believes is having a dream in the first place and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers知Irving认重首先梦想首先迫切想完成具体事情C项正确
35题详解
推理判断题根第二段第三句I told him I didn’t think I was smart enough知Irving告诉方够聪明说明怀疑力B项正确
36题详解
细节理解题根第三段第三句Then another dream took hold flying alone around the world知学会飞行外梦想：独飞越全球D项正确
37题详解
推理判断题根第四段二三句It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience Irving has been doing it ever since He set up his nonprofitmaking organization Experience Aviation (航空) aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and sciencerelated careers知促建立公益组织年轻期完成目标知识验教更年轻样做处C项正确
C
Training the Brain
People who can accomplish unbelievable tasks such as memorizing thousands of random numbers in under an hour state that they just have normal brains Some memory superstars compete in Olympiclike World Memory Championships These mental athletes or MAs for short can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them Ed Cooke a 24yearold MA explains they see themselves as participants rescuing the longlost art of memory training These techniques existed not to recall useless information but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas
A study in the journal Nature examined eight people who finished near the top of the World Memory Championships The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone else’s or whether they were simply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs The result surprised everyone The brains of the MAs and those of the control subjects were indistinguishable On every test the MAs scored in the normal range However when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory
MAs offer an explanation anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled Dating back to the fifth century the building is called a memory palace Even as late as the fourteenth century when there were copies of any text scholars needed to remember what was read to them Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading If something is made memorable it has to be repeated Until relatively recently people read only a few books intensively (细致) again and again usually aloud Today we read extensively usually only once and without continuous focus
So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly Using memory palaces MAs create memorized pictures For example recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town One competitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a 57000word dictionary
Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories In a short amount of time they will notice improvement with remembering things To keep the skill sharp MAs deliberately empty their palaces after competitions so they can reuse them and they recommend that beginners do the same
38 We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete ______
A owns a brain that is larger in size
B shows a gift in mental ability tests
C uses the memorizing technique better
D depends less on the areas that control spatial memory
39 Why does the author mention speed reading in Paragraph 3
A To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century
B To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully
C To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember
D To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times
40 What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A There is a variety of unforgettable scenes
B Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten
C Impressive pictures are in actual buildings
D One person probably has 57000 body parts
41 What does the underlined word cubbyholes in the last paragraph probably mean
A Small spaces B Blacks holes
C Technical skills D Different numbers
答案38 C 39 D 40 A 41 A
解析
文篇说明文记忆达普通头脑存着差？文章进行研究发现记忆达记忆时候会空间记忆等记忆构建方法
38题详解
推理判断题根第二段句However when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory知时记忆达正常样参加记忆赛时候会脑中空间记忆相关部分说明更运记忆技巧C项正确
39题详解
推理判断题根第三段三句Even as late as the fourteenth century when there were copies of any text scholars needed to remember what was read to them……If something is made memorable it has to be repeated Until relatively recently people read only a few books intensively (细致) again and again usually aloud Today we read extensively usually only once and without continuous focus知作者speed reading指现代阅读类型前变化前通常反复阅读书现通常读次D项正确
40题详解
推理判断题根第四段第三句For example recombine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town知张图片相结合形成令难忘场景果想记住更事情脑海里形成更样场景说会种样场景A项正确
41题详解
猜测词义题横线前面句Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination告诉首先脑海里创造出幻想出宫殿然宫殿分隔成记忆空间存储记忆容句中cubbyholes指分隔出空间A项正确
D
Early or Later Day Care
Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care and there have always been different views on this subject
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive attachment period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes and many people do believe this
According to Bowlby a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents If they are left without touch for a while they will have a higher stress level Parents’ influence on their children
’s wellbeing may never be greater than during the earliest years of life when a child’s brain is developing rapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment
However there are critics Some anthropologists (类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone Plato around 394 BC argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that childraising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people
Besides studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children’s development They learn the benefits of being socially smart understanding the concept of sharing and caring They promote concentration skills which is very important in their learning There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples
Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics Whatever the longterm effects parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery The matter then is far from being clearly known though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children
42 The passage mainly argues whether ______
A children over three will accept school education
B children under three should be sent to nursery schools
C the family relationship is different in traditional societies
D early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies
43 Which of the following supports Bowlby’s theory
A Early day care wouldn’t be so popular if it had negative effects
B Separation from parents for young children is common in history
C Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with
D Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children’s development
44 The author’s attitude towards early day care is that ______
A children under three should stay with their parents
B it has potential benefits for both children and parents
C the bad effect of it on children will disappear as they grow up
D it is controversial and the settlement calls for the use of statistics
45 Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage
I Introduction P Point Sp Subpoint (次点) C Conclusion
A B
C D
答案42 B 43 C 44 D 45 B
解析
分析
文篇议文讨三岁前童否应该送日间护理托文章分介绍支持反两种观点详细说明具体理
42题详解
旨意题根文章第段Many young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care and there have always been different views on this subject知文篇议文讨三岁童否应该送日间护理托文章分介绍支持反两种观点B项正确
43题详解
推理判断题根第二段第句The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive
attachment period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and lead to psychological problems in later life知John Bowlby认三岁前孩子父母分开会孩子性带影响孩子生活带精神方面问题性格精神方面问题难处理C项正确
44题详解
推理判断题根段前两句Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it But Bowlby’s analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects知作者认三岁前送孩子托影响存争议难说种做法正确错误根第三句The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics知根具体数分析问题D项正确
45题详解
篇章结构题文篇议文第段提出文章讨话题Introduction第二三段解释英国精神分析专家John Bowlby反三岁前送孩子托理point1第四五段支持送孩子托理point2四五段两次点sp1sp2文章段总结终结B项文章结构相吻合B项正确
点睛文题4考查篇章结构题类题型学生整体框架力求较高通常涉篇章架构会涉写作手法通常说作者会根文章容写作目采取记叙描写议说明应文体作者会采叙述例证较等组织结构文体阅读难度求务阅读方法应增强篇章结构理解力助提高阅读质量
例题：（2008年全国高考—浙江卷C篇）
In the course of working my way through school I took many jobs I would rather forget But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant The work was hard the pay was poor and most of all the working conditions were terrible
First of all the job made huge demands on my strength…
…
I stayed on the job for five months all the while hating the difficulty of the work the poor money and the conditions under which I worked By the time I left I was determined never to go back there again
52 How is the text organized
A Topic—Argument—Explanation
B Opinion—DiscussionDescription
C Main idea—Comparison—Supporting examples
D Introduction—Supporting examples—Conclusion
答案解析：选D题考查语篇结构理解文记叙文般结构文叙述作者学时苹果加工厂工历作者第段提出苹果加工厂工作辛苦工资低工作条件差（The work was hard the pay was poor and most of all the working conditions were terrible）中间三段举例描述段出
愿意做结（By the time I left I was determined never to go back there again）
第二节（5题题2分10分）
根短文容短文七选项中选出填入空白处佳选项选项中两项余选项
Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating
Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate Then let it melt in your mind not in your mouth According to the recent research imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food so you eat less of it
This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation _____46_____
The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite said Carey Morewedge a wellknown psychologist It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing _____47_____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn
’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese he added
Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment 51 subjects were divided into three groups One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates _____48_____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates Lastly a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates _____49_____ When they said they had finished these were taken away and weighed The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups
_____50_____ Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal The research suggests that psychological effects such as habituation also influence how much a person eats It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily or have control over other habits
A What’s more this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined
B People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment
C For example a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite according to the study
D All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each
E It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food
F This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet the study says
G This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need
答案46 C 47 A
48 F 49 D
50 G
解析
文篇说明文文章介绍心理素饮食数量影响例 habituation
46题详解
根横线前面句This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation知次接触某食物时候兴趣会减少已熟悉句理举例说明C项For example a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite according to the study前面句相吻合选择C项
47题详解
根横线面句Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese知观察吃巧克力样子会阻止吃奶酪说想象吃某种具体食物样会减少种食物渴A项What’s more this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined恰吻合选择A项
48题详解
根段前面两句Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment 51 subjects were divided into three groups知研究员问题进行分组研究第组研究象求想象30硬币扔进洗衣机然想象吃3巧克力口袋里出巧克力吃类似运动神技巧研究员会样开展研究F项This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet the study says文语境致F项正确
49题详解
根段句The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups知吃完进行称重结果发现想象次吃30巧克力实际吃少说实验结束会吃巧克力D项All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each符合文语境选择D项
50题详解
根段第三句The research suggests that psychological effects such as habituation also influence how much a person eats知次研究说明心理方面素会影响吃东西量见研究关饮食数量话题G项This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need符合中心思想选择G项
第三部分：书面表达（两节35分）
第节（15分）
51假设红星中学高三学生李华班交换生Jim参加学中国留学生汉语演讲赛信咨询请写封邮件容包括：
1 推荐演讲话题
2 说明推荐理
3 建议做准备工作
注意：1 词数少502 邮件开头结尾已出计入总词数
Dear Jim
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
答案Dear Jim
I’m glad to know that you’ll take part in the Studying in China speech contest I’d like to give you some suggestions
I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history Besides since you’ve taken the courses systematically you’re sure to have a deep understanding of them
To do it well I think you should choose impressive examples to gain the recognition of the judges Moreover you have to practice your spoken Chinese to express yourself more clearly and fluently Speaking skills are also needed for they can help maximize the effectiveness of your speech
I really hope my advice will be helpful Wish you a great success
Yours
Li Hua
解析
分析
文篇开放类书面表达求考生成李华交换生Jim参加学中国留学生汉语演讲赛信咨询请写封邮件推荐演讲话题说明推荐理建议方做具体准备文出纲需考生行组织点容总体难度较
详解第1步：审题根文字提示知文封电子邮件求考生交换生Jim写封邮件推荐学中国演讲赛话题说明推荐理建议方做具体准备全文般现时
第2步：组织点（1）推荐演讲话题：中国传统文化（2）推荐理：传统文化类历史瑰宝学传统文化助理解中国历史（3）准备工作：选择合适传统文化例子练汉语口语演讲技巧
第3步：根提示关键词组进行遣词造句关键词give some suggestionsrecommendChinese traditional culturethe real treasure in human historyhave a deep understanding ofchoose impressive examplespractice your spoken Chinese等写作时注意电子邮件格式惯语
第4步：连句成文注意恰连词进行句子间衔接渡书写定规范清晰保持整洁美观卷面非常重
点睛篇范文结构完美条理清晰范文时态称运准确涵盖文字提示求点适发挥考生运样式句型结构整篇文章富变化死板较高级词汇短语结构recommendsystematicallyrecognitionmaximize the effectiveness等量运丰富句式定语句虚拟语气I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended表语句The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history时文章运串联成分besides串联词点更紧密结合起写作技巧运提升文章层次显示考生具强驾驭语言力
第二节 （20分）
52假设红星中学高三学生李华请根四幅图先序介绍月参加学校组织绿色出行做起活动完整程Green Travel in My Family题校刊英语角写篇英文稿件词数少60
Green Travel in My Family
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答案Green Travel in My Family
Last month our school organized an activity named Green Travel Start with Me which has played an educative role
Seeing the proposal on the bulletin board my classmates and I were deeply interested and had a heated discussion Everyone expressed their willingness to participate After getting home I talked to my parents about my ideas They were very supportive saying they wouldn’t drive to work from the next day In the following weeks as we promised I went to school by bike every day while my parents went to work by bus Tired as we were we all felt happy Last Friday a class meeting was held as scheduled Some parents were invited including my father and mother We shared our experiences and thoughts during the activity All of us held the same view that environmental protection is so important for our life
Through the activity we find it our duty to protect the environment I hope more and more people will join us in green travel
解析
分析
文篇图作文求考生成李华介绍月参加学校组织绿色出行做起活动完整程Green Travel in My Family题校刊英语角写篇英文稿件文出四幅图需考生根图画容组织点合理表达总体难度较
详解第1步：审题根文字提示知文篇图作文求考生Green Travel in My Family题校刊英语角写篇英文稿件介绍月参加学校组织绿色出行做起活动完整程全文般时第称
第2步：组织点（1）倡议书学感兴趣进行热烈讨（2）回家父母谈想法支持（3）骑行车学父母亲坐公交通工具班（4）召开班会邀请父母亲参加
第3步：根提示关键词组进行遣词造句关键词have a heated discussiontalked to my parentsgo to school by bikego to work by bushold a class meeting等写作时需注意时态称变化
第4步：连句成文注意恰连词进行句子间衔接渡书写定规范清晰保持整洁美观卷面非常重
点睛篇范文结构完美条理清晰范文时态称运准确涵盖图画点适发挥考生运样式句型结构整篇文章富变化死板较高级词汇短语结构played an educative roleparticipatescheduleenvironmental protection等量运丰富句式定语句which has played an educative role分词做状语Seeing the proposal on the bulletin board my classmates and I were deeply interested and had a heated discussion形式倒装句Tired as we were we all felt happy时文章运串联成分串联词点更紧密结合起写作技巧运提升文章层次显示考生具强驾驭语言力
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